CN113355633A - Surface treatment method of gear pair - Google Patents

Surface treatment method of gear pair Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113355633A
CN113355633A CN202110570490.9A CN202110570490A CN113355633A CN 113355633 A CN113355633 A CN 113355633A CN 202110570490 A CN202110570490 A CN 202110570490A CN 113355633 A CN113355633 A CN 113355633A
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gear pair
friction
additive
lubricating oil
treatment method
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李津津
雒建斌
张瑞
孙守义
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Tsinghua University
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Tsinghua University
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M169/00—Lubricating compositions characterised by containing as components a mixture of at least two types of ingredient selected from base-materials, thickeners or additives, covered by the preceding groups, each of these compounds being essential
    • C10M169/04—Mixtures of base-materials and additives
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0605—Carbon
    • C23C14/0611—Diamond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0635—Carbides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/06—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the coating material
    • C23C14/0641—Nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C14/00—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material
    • C23C14/22—Coating by vacuum evaporation, by sputtering or by ion implantation of the coating forming material characterised by the process of coating
    • C23C14/34—Sputtering
    • C23C14/35—Sputtering by application of a magnetic field, e.g. magnetron sputtering
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/02—Pretreatment of the material to be coated
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
    • C23C16/27—Diamond only
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/26—Deposition of carbon only
    • C23C16/27—Diamond only
    • C23C16/278—Diamond only doping or introduction of a secondary phase in the diamond
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C16/00—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes
    • C23C16/22—Chemical coating by decomposition of gaseous compounds, without leaving reaction products of surface material in the coating, i.e. chemical vapour deposition [CVD] processes characterised by the deposition of inorganic material, other than metallic material
    • C23C16/30—Deposition of compounds, mixtures or solid solutions, e.g. borides, carbides, nitrides
    • C23C16/34—Nitrides
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16H—GEARING
    • F16H55/00—Elements with teeth or friction surfaces for conveying motion; Worms, pulleys or sheaves for gearing mechanisms
    • F16H55/02—Toothed members; Worms
    • F16H55/17—Toothed wheels
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/05—Metals; Alloys
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/06—Metal compounds
    • C10M2201/065—Sulfides; Selenides; Tellurides
    • C10M2201/066—Molybdenum sulfide
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/14—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions inorganic compounds surface treated with organic compounds
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2205/00—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2205/02—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers
    • C10M2205/0206—Organic macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds or fractions, whether or not modified by oxidation as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing acyclic monomers used as base material
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
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    • C10M2207/00—Organic non-macromolecular hydrocarbon compounds containing hydrogen, carbon and oxygen as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2207/10—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof
    • C10M2207/12—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms
    • C10M2207/125—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids
    • C10M2207/126—Carboxylix acids; Neutral salts thereof having carboxyl groups bound to acyclic or cycloaliphatic carbon atoms having hydrocarbon chains of eight up to twenty-nine carbon atoms, i.e. fatty acids monocarboxylic
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    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2030/00—Specified physical or chemical properties which is improved by the additive characterising the lubricating composition, e.g. multifunctional additives
    • C10N2030/06—Oiliness; Film-strength; Anti-wear; Resistance to extreme pressure

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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of machine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a surface treatment method of a gear pair. Aiming at the problems of high friction and high abrasion and low bearing caused by the high friction in the conventional gear pair and the lubricating technology thereof, the gear pair is subjected to chemical mechanical polishing, a solid coating is plated on the polished surface, an additive is added into the lubricating liquid, and the ultra-low friction super-lubricating performance of the gear pair is realized under the coupling action of the lubricating liquid containing the additive and the solid coating, wherein the friction coefficient of the gear pair can be reduced by more than 50%, and the power loss is reduced by more than 30%. On the basis of carrying out chemical polishing treatment and film coating treatment on the meshing surface of the gear pair, the invention can realize super-lubricating performance of extremely low friction, abrasion and high bearing capacity of the gear pair under real working conditions by using the coupling synergistic effect of the lubricating liquid containing the additive and the solid coating film, greatly improve the service life of the gear pair and application devices thereof, and simultaneously greatly reduce ineffective energy consumption and resource waste.

Description

Surface treatment method of gear pair
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of machine manufacturing, and particularly relates to a surface treatment method of a gear pair.
Background
In traditional mechanical systems such as automobile engines and gear boxes, wind turbine driving systems and rolling roll supporting bearings, friction and abrasion among parts widely exist, and the friction and the abrasion not only cause huge energy waste, but also cause huge resource consumption due to failure caused by equipment abrasion. It is statistical that about 1/3 percent of the global disposable energy is consumed by friction, and about 80 percent of mechanical parts are failed and failed due to abrasion, so that the direct economic loss accounts for about 5 to 7 percent of the GDP in China each year. Therefore, reducing friction and abrasion is an important means for prolonging the service life of machinery and reducing energy and resource consumption. In recent years, the ultra-smooth technology is widely concerned by the scientific community by virtue of the excellent characteristics of ultra-low friction coefficient and near-zero wear rate, is expected to greatly reduce friction energy consumption, material wear and friction noise, and further contributes to the improvement of human civilization. However, the technical research of ultra-lubricity still mainly stays in the theoretical, mechanism and experimental level, and the application of macroscopic and stable ultra-lubricity technology is not proposed.
The current gear pair is mainly divided into three layers: (1) gear pairs of general large-scale mechanical devices; (2) a large-scale gear pair under special working conditions; (3) micro-nano device gear pair. For the above-mentioned layer (1), lubricating oil or lubricating grease is still added to the gear pair at present, so that an adsorption oil film is formed on the friction surface during the operation process to avoid the direct contact of metals, thereby reducing friction and abrasion. For the above layers (2) and (3), due to the special operating conditions (ultra-high vacuum, high temperature, high load, strong oxidation reduction and limitation of the size of the device), a solid coating is usually adopted for lubrication at present. The existing technology at present inevitably exists on three levels: (1) a higher coefficient of friction; (2) severe wear of surface material loss or migration due to friction; (3) insufficient bearing capacity of the lubricating oil film and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a surface treatment method of a gear pair, which is used for forming a super-lubricated gear pair system by carrying out multidirectional treatment on the gear pair in an original shape, so that the friction coefficient and the friction energy loss are greatly reduced when the gear pair transmits energy, and the contribution is made to the reduction of ineffective energy consumption, future industrial progress and social development.
The invention provides a surface treatment method of a gear pair, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out chemical mechanical polishing on the gear pair sample blank to ensure that the meshing surface roughness of the gear pair is less than 30 nm;
(2) coating the polished meshing surface of the gear pair by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) coating method to obtain a coating layer, wherein the thickness of the coating layer is 3-10 microns;
(3) adding an anti-friction and anti-wear additive into the base lubricating oil, wherein the addition amount of the anti-friction and anti-wear additive accounts for 1-5 wt% of the base lubricating oil, and the type of the anti-friction and anti-wear additive is an additive capable of generating a coupling synergistic effect with the coating layer in the step (2);
(4) and (3) adding the lubricating oil added with the antifriction and antiwear additive in the step (3) into the gear box body in the operation process of the coated gear pair.
The surface treatment method of the gear pair provided by the invention has the characteristics and advantages that:
the surface treatment method of the gear pair aims at the problems of high friction and high abrasion and low bearing caused by the high friction existing in the prior gear pair and the lubrication technology thereof, and the gear pair is chemically and mechanically polished (the surface roughness reaches 30nm and below), and the polished surface is plated with a solid coatingThe layer (coating mainly comprises a plane diamond film (a-C), a tetragonal diamond film (Ta-C), a diamond film doped with tungsten or tungsten disulfide, and other diamond-like carbon films (DLC), chromium nitride (CrN), and boron carbide (B)4C) (ii) a The additive is added into the lubricating liquid, and the super-lubricating performance of extremely low friction of the gear pair is realized under the coupling action of the lubricating liquid added with the additive and the solid coating, wherein the friction coefficient of the gear pair can be reduced by more than 50%, and the power loss is reduced by more than 30%. The method can realize the ultra-lubrication performance of extremely low friction, abrasion and high bearing capacity of the gear pair under the real working condition by using the coupling synergistic action of the lubricating liquid containing the additive and the solid coating film on the basis of carrying out chemical polishing treatment and film coating treatment on the meshing surface of the gear pair, greatly improves the service life of the gear pair and the application device thereof, and simultaneously greatly reduces the invalid energy consumption and the resource waste.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a graph comparing the effect of the coefficient of friction of example 1 of the present invention with that of the prior art.
FIG. 2 is a graph comparing the effect of the coefficient of friction of example 2 of the present invention with that of the prior art.
FIG. 3 is a graph comparing the effect of the coefficient of friction of example 3 of the present invention with that of the prior art.
FIG. 4 is a graph comparing the effect of the coefficient of friction of example 4 of the present invention with that of the prior art.
FIG. 5 is a graph comparing the effect of the coefficient of friction of example 5 of the present invention with that of the prior art.
FIG. 6 is a graph comparing the effect of the coefficient of friction of example 6 of the present invention with that of the prior art.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a surface treatment method of a gear pair, which comprises the following steps:
(1) carrying out chemical mechanical polishing on the gear pair sample blank to ensure that the meshing surface roughness of the gear pair is less than 30 nm; the material of the gear-like blank comprises but is not limited to carbon steel, alloy steel (such as 20CrMnTi, 20Cr2Ni4A, high-iron gear steel 18CrNiMo7-6 and the like), cast steel and other materials which can be polished and coated with a solid coating;
(2) coating the polished meshing surface of the gear pair by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition (PVD) or Chemical Vapor Deposition (CVD) coating method to obtain a coating layer, wherein the thickness of the coating layer is 3-10 microns;
(3) adding an anti-friction and anti-wear additive into the base lubricating oil, wherein the addition amount of the anti-friction and anti-wear additive accounts for 1-5 wt% of the base lubricating oil, and the type of the anti-friction and anti-wear additive is an additive capable of generating a coupling synergistic effect with the coating layer in the step (2);
(4) and (3) adding the lubricating oil added with the antifriction and antiwear additive in the step (3) into the gear box body in the operation process of the coated gear pair. The lubrication mode includes but is not limited to open lubrication, splash lubrication, sealed lubrication, and the addition amount depends on the size of the actual gear pair and the gear box.
In the step (2) of the surface treatment method, the coating layer is a two-dimensional structure diamond film (a-C), a tetragonal structure diamond film (Ta-C), a tungsten-doped or tungsten-disulfide diamond film, a chromium nitride (CrN) film or boron carbide (B)4C) Any one of the above.
The lubricating oil in the step (3) of the surface treatment method may be a Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil, a perfluoropolyether base oil, or a diketone compound.
The friction-reducing and wear-resisting additive in step (4) of the surface treatment method can be graphene, black phosphorus or molybdenum disulfide, or a modified material of graphene, black phosphorus or molybdenum disulfide, or a combination of the friction-reducing and wear-resisting additives in any proportion.
By adopting the method, the friction coefficient of the gear pair is reduced by more than 50%, and the power loss is reduced by more than 30%.
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments of the present invention without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example 1:
(1) the gear pair is made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and is polished to 30nm grade by chemical machinery;
(2) coating a diamond film (Ta-C) with a tetragonal structure on the polishing meshing surface by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method (PVD), wherein the thickness of the diamond film is 3 mu m;
(3) a black phosphorus additive modified by oleic acid and micro silver (Ag) particles is added into a Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil, the addition amount of the black phosphorus additive is 5% of the lubricating oil amount, and the black phosphorus additive and the diamond film generate coupling synergistic action, and the black phosphorus additive can be purchased from North Korea nano company Limited.
(4) And (3) testing by using a friction wear testing machine, and dropwise adding the lubricating oil in the step (3) into one meshing surface of a gear pair, wherein the addition amount of the lubricating oil is 50 microliters.
Through tests, compared with the existing gear pair made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and directly added with Poly Alpha Olefin (PAO) base oil, the friction coefficient of the gear pair is reduced by over 90 percent, as shown in FIG. 1.
Example 2:
(1) the gear pair is made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and is polished to 30nm grade by chemical machinery;
(2) coating a layer of two-dimensional plane structure diamond film (alpha-C) on the polishing meshing surface by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method (PVD), wherein the thickness of the diamond film is 5 mu m;
(3) adding molybdenum disulfide (MoS) to Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil2) The addition amount of the molybdenum disulfide is 5% of the lubricating oil amount, the molybdenum disulfide and the diamond film generate a coupling synergistic effect, and the additive is selected from North Ke Nano Limited company;
(4) and (4) testing by using a friction wear testing machine, and dropwise adding the lubricating oil in the step (3) into one meshing surface of a gear pair, wherein the addition amount of the lubricating oil is 50 microliters.
Through tests, compared with the prior art, namely a gear pair made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and directly added with poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil system, the friction coefficient is reduced by over 50 percent, as shown in figure 2.
Example 3:
(1) the gear pair is made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and is polished to 30nm grade by chemical machinery;
(2) coating a layer of diamond film (alpha-C) with a plane structure on the polishing meshing surface by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method (PVD), wherein the thickness of the diamond film is 5 mu m;
(3) graphene (Graphene) is added into Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil, the addition amount of the Graphene is 3% of the lubricating oil amount, the Graphene and the diamond film generate a coupling synergistic effect, and the Graphene-based lubricating oil additive can be purchased from Nanjing Xiancheng nanometer Limited company.
(4) And (4) testing by using a friction wear testing machine, and dropwise adding the lubricating oil in the step (3) into one meshing surface of a gear pair, wherein the addition amount of the lubricating oil is 50 microliters.
Through tests, compared with the prior art, namely a gear pair made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and directly added with poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil system, the friction coefficient is reduced by over 50 percent, as shown in figure 3.
Example 4:
(1) the gear pair is made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and is polished to 30nm grade by chemical machinery;
(2) coating a layer of two-dimensional plane structure diamond film (alpha-C) on the polishing meshing surface by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method (PVD), wherein the thickness of the diamond film is 5 mu m;
(3) the modified graphene oxide additive is added into the Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil, the addition amount of the modified graphene oxide additive is 3% of the lubricating oil amount, the modified graphene oxide additive and the diamond film generate a coupling synergistic effect, and the modified graphene oxide additive can be purchased from Nanjing Xiancheng nanometer Limited company.
(4) And (4) testing by using a friction wear testing machine, and dropwise adding the lubricating oil in the step (3) into one meshing surface of a gear pair, wherein the addition amount of the lubricating oil is 50 microliters.
Through tests, compared with the prior art, namely a gear pair made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and directly added with poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil system, the friction coefficient is reduced by over 50 percent, as shown in figure 4.
Example 5:
(1) the gear pair is made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and is polished to 30nm grade by chemical machinery;
(2) coating a two-dimensional diamond film (alpha-C) on the polishing meshing surface by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method (PVD), wherein the thickness of the diamond film is 5 mu m;
(3) the preparation method comprises the step of adding an additive containing fluorinated graphene (modified graphene material) into Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil, wherein the addition amount of the additive is 3% of the lubricating oil amount, the additive and the diamond film generate a coupling synergistic effect, and the additive can be purchased from Nanjing Xiancheng nanometer Limited company.
(4) And (3) testing by using a friction wear testing machine, and dropwise adding the lubricating oil in the step (3) into a certain meshing surface of the gear pair, wherein the adding amount of the lubricating oil is 50 microliters.
Through tests, compared with the prior art, namely a gear pair made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and directly added with poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil system, the friction coefficient is reduced by more than 65%, as shown in figure 5.
Example 6:
(1) the gear pair is made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and is polished to 30nm grade by chemical machinery;
(2) coating a diamond film (Ta-C) with a tetragonal structure on the polishing meshing surface by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method (PVD), wherein the thickness of the diamond film is 3 mu m;
(3) adding fluorinated Graphene (F-Graphene) and molybdenum disulfide (MoS) into Polyalphaolefin (PAO) base oil2) The compound additive comprises the following components, wherein the proportion of the fluorinated graphene to the molybdenum disulfide in the compound additive is 1:1, the addition amount of the compound additive is 5% of the lubricating oil amount, the compound additive and the diamond film generate a coupling synergistic effect, the fluorinated graphene in the compound additive is selected from Nanjing Xiancheng nanometer Limited company, and the molybdenum disulfide is selected from Beikohammi Limited company.
(4) And (4) testing by using a friction wear testing machine, and dropwise adding the lubricating oil in the step (3) into one meshing surface of a gear pair, wherein the addition amount of the lubricating oil is 50 microliters.
Through tests, compared with the prior art, namely a gear pair made of high-chromium bearing steel (GCr15) and directly added with poly-alpha-olefin (PAO) base oil system, the friction coefficient is reduced by over 50 percent, as shown in figure 6.

Claims (4)

1. A surface treatment method of a gear pair is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) carrying out chemical mechanical polishing on the gear pair sample blank to ensure that the meshing surface roughness of the gear pair is less than 30 nm;
(2) coating the polished meshing surface of the gear pair by adopting a magnetron sputtering deposition method or a chemical vapor deposition coating method to obtain a coating layer, wherein the thickness of the coating layer is 3-10 microns;
(3) adding an anti-friction and anti-wear additive into the base lubricating oil, wherein the addition amount of the anti-friction and anti-wear additive accounts for 1-5 wt% of the base lubricating oil, and the type of the anti-friction and anti-wear additive is an additive capable of generating a coupling synergistic effect with the coating layer in the step (2);
(4) and (3) adding the lubricating oil added with the antifriction and antiwear additive in the step (3) into the gear box body in the operation process of the coated gear pair.
2. The surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein in the step (2), the coating layer is any one of a two-dimensional structure diamond film, a tetragonal structure diamond film, a tungsten-doped or tungsten-disulfide diamond film, a chromium nitride film, or a boron carbide film.
3. The surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the lubricating oil in the step (3) is a polyalphaolefin base oil, a perfluoropolyether base oil, or a diketone compound.
4. A surface treatment method according to claim 1, wherein the friction-reducing and wear-resisting additive in step (4) is graphene, black phosphorus or molybdenum disulfide, or a modified material of graphene, black phosphorus or molybdenum disulfide, or a combination of the above friction-reducing and wear-resisting additives in any proportion.
CN202110570490.9A 2021-05-25 2021-05-25 Surface treatment method of gear pair Pending CN113355633A (en)

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