CN113347658B - Channel state detection method for pseudo-center node competition generation - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication networks, provides a channel state detection method for pseudo-center node competition generation, and solves the problem of false detection of a wireless channel state determined by single wireless signal power or energy detection in the prior art. The method judges the wireless channel state by utilizing the detection of the wireless signal power and the correlation operation result of the special frame head of the physical frame, wherein the special frame head of the physical frame adopts two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, the first group is used for auxiliary detection of the signal power, the second group is used for carrying out cross correlation operation to obtain the correlation operation result, and is used for judging the useful signal, and then the pseudo center is generated by competition according to the wireless channel state.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of communication networks, and particularly relates to a channel state detection method suitable for pseudo-center node competition generation in an ad hoc network.
Background
Wireless ad hoc network systems are playing an increasingly important role in emergency communication situations. The wireless self-organizing network system supports any network topological structure, and node equipment in the network can randomly access, exit or re-access the network without influencing the transmission of the communication system. However, in a network without a dispatching center, the access technology adopting random back-off has the problems of collision, hidden nodes and the like with a certain probability, and the network design based on the pseudo center can just solve the problems and simultaneously ensure the self-organizing characteristic of the network.
The contention generation and extinction of the pseudo-center node is generally decided based on the current state of the wireless channel, and the busy state of the channel is judged by detecting the signal power in the wireless channel when the design is actually implemented. When the power of the wireless signal is adopted to judge the channel state, the channel state is influenced by the low noise of the radio frequency front end of the equipment, the noise of the radio frequency receiving circuit and the like, and the influence factors can directly cause the busy and idle threshold value set when judging the wireless channel state to be too large or too small; setting the busy/idle threshold too large can cause false detection of the node, and consider that the channel is in an idle state and collides with other nodes; if the busy/idle threshold is set too small, false detection occurs to consider that the channel is always busy, and the pseudo center cannot be generated in a competition mode.
The random back-off access technology and pseudo-center design are two mac networking modes commonly used in the current wireless ad hoc network system. Common methods for solving channel collision in the random back-off access technology include: the data-ack frame response is combined with the virtual carrier sense mode and the data-ack frame response plus RTS-CTS access mode. The two modes share the following defects: the transmission efficiency of the physical frame is low and the transmission rate is limited, so that collision cannot be completely avoided, and the problem of hidden terminals cannot be solved. The self-networking mode designed by the pseudo center is adopted, so that the utilization rate of a channel is greatly improved, the transmission efficiency is high, and the multi-node high-speed stable transmission can be realized; meanwhile, the collision problem in transmission can be solved based on the pseudo center and dynamic TDMA design, the occurrence of collision is limited in the process of accessing the node into the network, the collision probability of accessing the network is very low after combining a random back-off access mechanism, and no collision exists when the node is accessed into the network and transmitted in a fixed allocation time slot; the virtual routing of the mac layer can be realized by utilizing the broadcast information sharing of each node in the pseudo-center network, so that the problem of hidden terminals is solved. For the ad hoc network design based on the pseudo center, the generation and the exit of the pseudo center node, the access and the exit of the non-pseudo center node and the networking management of the mac network become main problems to be solved by the mac layer. The competition generating pseudo center is a key problem for primary solution of mac networking, and the competition generating pseudo center needs to be generated through comprehensive program decision according to the channel state, so that the accuracy of the channel state information determines the reliability of the generated pseudo center, and thus the stability of the self-networking system is determined. Since the radio channel state is generally determined by detecting the power or energy of a radio signal, and is affected by factors such as noise of a radio channel and equipment, a large error exists in the detection of the power or energy of the radio signal by setting a threshold, so that it is highly required to study a channel state detection method suitable for pseudo-central node generation.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem that the channel state judgment is inaccurate due to the fact that the wireless signal power or energy setting threshold value is in error in the prior art, the invention provides a channel state detection method for pseudo-center node competition generation.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
the channel state detection method for the pseudo-center node competition generation is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
1) Wireless signal power detection
1.1 Calculating the average power p of the radio signal sig ；
1.2 Average power p) to radio signal sig And threshold p thd Comparing if the node detects the average power p sig Less than threshold p thd And the duration t1 is more than 0.1s, executing the step 2); if not, returning to the step 1.1);
2) Auxiliary power detection for wireless signals
2.1 Taking the current time t as a mark, taking 64 standard symbols from t+1 to t+64 as a group of signals, and carrying out sliding correlation operation on the wireless signals and another group of signals from t+65 to t+128 with 64 standard symbols to obtain a sliding correlation operation result R chu0 ；
Wherein, the wireless signal is represented by { a+bi };
2.2 For the sliding correlation operation result R chu0 And threshold R thd0 Comparing in real time, if the sliding correlation operation result R of 128 standard symbols is continued chu0 Greater than threshold R thd0 Returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 2.3);
2.3 Performing sliding correlation operation and comparison sequentially symbol by symbol according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal by using the methods of the steps 2.1) and 2.2), until the detection time reaches the set time t2, and executing the step 3);
3) Detection mark of wireless signal
3.1 Taking the current time t as a mark, taking 512 standard symbols from t+1 to t+512 as a group, and performing cross-correlation operation on the wireless signal and a locally stored chu1 sequence to obtain a cross-correlation operation result R chu1 ；
Wherein,n＝1,2,...,512；
R chu1 ＝r 1 2 ，
3.2 For the cross-correlation operation result R chu1 And threshold R thd1 Comparing in real time, if the cross-correlation result R chu1 Greater than threshold R thd1 Returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 3.3);
3.3 Using the methods of steps 3.1) and 3.2), carrying out signal cross-correlation operation and comparison on the symbols by symbols in turn according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal until the detection time reaches the set time t3, wherein the node of step 1.2) is a pseudo-center node.
Further, step 1.1) is specifically to calculate the average power p of I, Q two orthogonal wireless signals sig ，p sig The expression is as follows:
further, in step 1.1), the quantized bit width of the I, Q two-path orthogonal wireless signal is 12;
in step 1.2), the threshold p thd ＝16384。
Further, step 3) is followed by step 4) the operation and extinction of the pseudo-central node:
the pseudo center node periodically sends a physical frame, judges whether other nodes exist in the network accessed by the pseudo center node, and if so, the other nodes in the network access the network according to the received pseudo center node information to start normal operation; if not, the pseudo center node dies.
Further, t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are equal.
Further, in step 1.2), t1 is 1s;
t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are both 200ms.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the invention judges the wireless channel state by combining the detection wireless signal power with the special frame head related operation result of the physical frame, wherein the special frame head of the physical frame adopts two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, the first group is used for auxiliary detection of the signal power, the second group is used for carrying out cross correlation operation to obtain the related operation result, and is used for judging the useful signal.
2. The two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths adopted in the invention have better spread spectrum characteristics and correlation characteristics, and the detection result of the group of pseudo-random sequences has higher sensitivity, so that the existence of the hidden node can be more sensitively detected relative to the threshold value judgment in a single mode when judging the state of a wireless channel, thereby greatly reducing the occurrence probability of the hidden node.
3. The invention adopts two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths as the frame heads of the physical frames, the two groups of pseudo-random sequences can be used as judging marks of wireless channel states, and can also be used as pilot symbols for frame synchronization and channel estimation operation in the transmission of the physical frames, and the multiplexing of the frame heads reduces the cost of the physical frames.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a pseudo center node generation and extinction process in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention relates to a channel state detection method for pseudo-center node competition generation, which adopts power detection of wireless signals and detection of two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, and comprises the following steps:
1) Wireless signal power detection
The power detection of the wireless signal adopts the average power p of I, Q two paths of orthogonal signals sig As reference and threshold p thd Comparing to obtain detection result, when detecting average power p of radio signal sig Less than threshold p thd And the duration t1 is more than 0.1s, continuing to detect the pseudo-random sequence with shorter length (namely, the step 2)), and returning to the step 1.1 if not;
wherein the average power p sig The calculation method is as follows:(j=1, 2 …, 256); threshold p thd The quantization bit width of the I, Q two-path orthogonal signals can be reasonably set. The threshold p of the invention thd Can be made smaller, since the detection method of the present invention combines the detection of two sets of pseudo-random sequences of different lengths, the threshold p thd Too small a setting will not cause false detection that the channel is always busy and thus the pseudo center cannot generate. The duration t1 is set as an empirical value in the actual engineering, corresponding configuration is carried out according to the requirement of the actual engineering on the establishment time of the ad hoc network, and the shorter the establishment time is, the smaller the duration is, and the larger the opposite is.
In this embodiment, if the quantized bit width of the I, Q two-channel orthogonal signal is 12, p thd Can be set as follows: p is p thd ＝128 2 =16384, where 128=2 (12-5) . When the average power of the wireless signal is detected to be less than 16384 and the duration t1=1s, the detection of the pseudo random sequence with a shorter length is continued.
2) Auxiliary power detection for wireless signals
The method is characterized in that a special pseudo-random sequence is adopted as a frame head of a physical frame and used for detecting the energy of a signal and simultaneously combining a correlation operation result to accurately acquire the state of a wireless channel, a group of sequences chu0 with shorter lengths are arranged at the forefront position of the frame head in two groups of pseudo-random sequences with different lengths, each chu0 comprises 64 physical frame standard symbols, the number of chu0 of the frame head of the physical frame can be configured according to actual engineering requirements, and can be generally configured to 6-12, 10 are selected in the embodiment, and the sequences mainly serve as auxiliary power detection, AGC, coarse synchronization and the like of the wireless signal. The sequence is adopted as auxiliary power detection of the wireless signal for use in the invention, and the specific process is as follows:
2.1 Taking the received wireless signal as a mark at the current time t, taking 64 standard symbols from t+1 to t+64 as one group of signals, and carrying out sliding correlation operation on the received wireless signal and another group of signals from t+65 to t+128 with 64 standard symbols to obtainTo the sliding correlation operation result R chu0 ；
The definition of chu0 sequence is:
the calculation process of sliding correlation operation by using chu0 is as follows:
assuming that a radio signal is represented by { a+bi }, a represents an I-path branch of a received radio signal, b represents a Q-path branch of the received radio signal, I represents an imaginary part of a complex signal, and baseband signal is represented by a complex signal { a+bi };
the sliding correlation result is:
2.2 For the sliding correlation operation result R chu0 And threshold R thd0 Comparing in real time when the sliding correlation operation result R of 128 standard symbols is continued chu0 Greater than threshold R thd0 The auxiliary power detection of the wireless signal is successful, and the step 1.1) is returned; if not, the sequence chu0 is not detected, and the step 2.3) is executed;
wherein the threshold R thd0 In particular, the average value of the sliding correlation result of the measurement chu0 at-95 dBm (sensitivity of the wireless link minus 5 as a reference value, for example, -90dBm for sensitivity, -95 dBm) power according to the received wireless signal is used as a threshold;
2.3 Using the methods of steps 2.1) and 2.2), carrying out sliding correlation operation and comparison on the symbols by symbols in sequence according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal until a sliding correlation operation result R chu0 Less than threshold R thd0 The detection time continuously meeting the condition reaches the set time t2, and then the detection of the pseudorandom sequence with longer length is continuously carried out, namely, the step 3) is executed;
wherein t2 is an empirical value in the actual engineering, corresponding configuration needs to be performed according to the requirement of the actual engineering on the establishment time of the ad hoc network, the shorter the establishment time is, the smaller the duration setting is, and otherwise, the larger is, in this embodiment t2 is 200ms.
3) Detection mark of wireless signal
The sequence of the frame header next to the sequence chu0 in the physical frame is a group of sequences chu1 with longer length, each chu1 contains 512 standard symbols of the physical frame, the number of chu1 in this embodiment is 2, and all functions in the physical frame are just satisfied, and the main functions of the sequences are detection identification of wireless signals, fine synchronization, carrier frequency offset calculation, channel estimation and the like. The invention adopts the sequence as the detection mark of the wireless signal, and comprises the following specific steps:
3.1 Taking the received wireless signal as a mark at the current time t, taking 512 standard symbols from t+1 to t+512 as a group, and performing cross-correlation operation with a locally stored chu1 sequence (512 standard symbols) to obtain a cross-correlation operation result R chu1 ；
The definition of the chu1 sequence is:
the calculation process of the cross-correlation operation by using chu1 comprises the following steps: assuming that the wireless signal is represented by { a+bi } and the local chu1 is represented by { x+yi }, the cross correlation result is:
3.2 For the cross-correlation operation result R chu1 And threshold R thd1 Comparing in real time when the cross-correlation operation result R chu1 Greater than threshold R thd1 The wireless signal detection is successful, and the step 1.1) is returned; otherwise, the useful wireless signal is not detected, and the step 3.3) is executed;
wherein the threshold R thd1 One approach is to subtract 10 from the sensitivity of the wireless link as a reference value at-100 dBm (e.g., sensitivity of-90 dBm, then-100 dBm) based on the received wireless signal.
3.3 Using the steps 3.1) and 3.2), carrying out signal cross-correlation operation and comparison sequentially symbol by symbol according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal until the cross-correlation operation result R chu1 Less than threshold R thd1 And (2) when the detection time continuously meeting the condition reaches the set time t3, the node in the step 1.2) is a pseudo center node.
t3 is an experience value in the actual engineering, corresponding configuration is needed according to the requirement of the actual engineering on the establishment time of the ad hoc network, and the shorter the establishment time is, the smaller the duration setting is, and the larger the opposite is. In this embodiment, if the signal is not detected successfully within the duration t3=200 ms, the pseudo center node generates a start of networking.
4) Pseudo-center node operation and extinction
The pseudo center node periodically sends a physical frame, judges whether other nodes exist in the network accessed by the pseudo center node, and if so, the other nodes in the network access the network according to the received pseudo center node information to start normal operation; if not, the pseudo center node dies.
The method of the embodiment judges the wireless channel state by utilizing the detection wireless signal power and the special frame head related operation result of the physical frame, and then generates the pseudo center according to the wireless channel state in a competition mode.
The generation and extinction process of the pseudo center node in this embodiment may be implemented by using a state machine, as shown in fig. 1, where the working process of the state machine specifically includes:
(1) Initial state S0, node is in monitoring state for wireless channel, when node detects average power p of wireless signal sig Less than threshold p thd Start counting once greater than threshold p thd The counter returns to zero, otherwise, the counter is added with 1 until the condition of duration t1 is met, and the state machine jumps to S1 to continue working;
(2) The method comprises the steps that a physical frame detection state S1, a node monitors a chu0 detection result after a wireless signal enters a receiver for processing, if chu0 is detected within t2, a state machine returns to an initial state, and the node judges whether the network can be accessed according to received information; if chu0 is not detected within t2, the state machine jumps to S2 to continue working;
(3) A physical frame detection state S2, a node monitors a chu1 detection result after a wireless signal enters a receiver for processing, if chu1 is detected in t3 time, a state machine returns to an initial state, and the node judges whether the network can be accessed according to the received information; if chu1 is not detected within t3, the node becomes a pseudo-hub node and the state machine jumps to S3 to continue operation;
(4) And the pseudo center node working state S3 is that the pseudo center node starts to periodically send a physical frame, the physical frame contains broadcasting information such as network state information, time slot allocation information and the like, and other nodes access the network according to the received pseudo center node information to start to work normally. For the pseudo center node, if no signal of any non-pseudo center node is received within t4, no other node exists in the current network, in this case, the pseudo center node cannot communicate with other nodes, that is, no need exists, the pseudo center node dies, and the state machine returns to the initial state S0 and continues to operate.
The above description is only of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the technical solution of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any modifications made by those skilled in the art based on the main technical concept of the present invention are included in the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. The channel state detection method for pseudo-center node competition generation is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) Wireless signal power detection
1.1 Calculating the average power p of the radio signal sig ；
1.2 Average power p) to radio signal sig And threshold p thd Comparing if the node detects the average power p sig Less than threshold p thd And the duration t1 is more than 0.1s, executing the step 2); if not, returning to the step 1.1);
2) Auxiliary power detection for wireless signals
2.1 Taking the current time t as a mark, taking 64 standard symbols from t+1 to t+64 as a group of signals, and carrying out sliding correlation operation on the wireless signals and another group of signals from t+65 to t+128 with 64 standard symbols to obtain a sliding correlation operation result R chu0 ；
Wherein, the wireless signal is represented by { a+bi };
2.2 For the sliding correlation operation result R chu0 And threshold R thd0 Comparing in real time, if the sliding correlation operation result R of 128 standard symbols is continued chu0 Greater than threshold R thd0 Returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 2.3);
2.3 Performing sliding correlation operation and comparison sequentially symbol by symbol according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal by using the methods of the steps 2.1) and 2.2), until the detection time reaches the set time t2, and executing the step 3);
3) Detection mark of wireless signal
3.1 Taking the current time t as a mark, taking 512 standard symbols from t+1 to t+512 as a group, and performing cross-correlation operation on the wireless signal and a locally stored chu1 sequence to obtain a cross-correlation operation result R chu1 ；
Wherein,chu1 is represented by { x+yi }; the cross-correlation operation result R chu1 The method comprises the following steps:
R chu1 ＝r 1 2 ，
3.2 For the cross-correlation operation result R chu1 And threshold R thd1 Comparing in real time, if the cross-correlation result R chu1 Greater than threshold R thd1 Returning to the step 1.1); if not, executing the step 3.3);
3.3 Using the methods of steps 3.1) and 3.2), carrying out signal cross-correlation operation and comparison on the symbols by symbols in turn according to the symbol sampling rate of the wireless signal until the detection time reaches the set time t3, wherein the node of step 1.2) is a pseudo-center node.
2. The channel state detection method for pseudo-center node contention generation according to claim 1, wherein: step 1.1) is specifically to calculate the average power p of I, Q two paths of orthogonal wireless signals sig ，p sig The expression is as follows:
3. the channel state detection method for pseudo center node contention generation according to claim 2, wherein: in step 1.1), the quantized bit width of the I, Q two paths of orthogonal wireless signals is 12;
in step 1.2), the threshold p thd ＝16384。
4. A method for detecting channel conditions generated by contention of a pseudo-central node according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein step 3) is followed by step 4) the operation and extinction of the pseudo-central node:
the pseudo center node periodically sends a physical frame, judges whether other nodes exist in the network accessed by the pseudo center node, and if so, the other nodes in the network access the network according to the received pseudo center node information to start normal operation; if not, the pseudo center node dies.
5. The channel state detection method for pseudo center node contention generation according to claim 4, wherein: t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are equal.
6. The channel state detection method for pseudo-center node contention generation according to claim 5, wherein: in step 1.2), t1 is 1s;
t2 in step 2.3) and t3 in step 3.3) are both 200ms.
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