CN113344977B - Contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing - Google Patents
Contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The application discloses a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing. The method comprises the following steps: acquiring a picture set of at least two groups of fixed contacts of the relay in a moving process; acquiring a static contact template in each group of picture sets and three pictures in different states in any group of picture sets; traversing three pictures in different states by using the static contact template to determine a target area; tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range, and extracting a target coordinate sequence; calculating a target displacement value by taking the target coordinate sequence as a reference; calculating a pressure calculation value by using the target displacement value; acquiring an artificial measured value; and fitting the calculated pressure value and the corresponding artificial measured value to obtain a pressure measurement model. The aims of reducing the dispersity of errors, removing uncontrollable errors and effectively improving the production quality of the relay are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure generally relates to the technical field of contact pressure measurement, and particularly relates to a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing.
Background
Contact pressure is an important parameter for relay contacts and requires multiple measurements to be properly selected during the initial design phase of product production. If the pressure is small, the requirement of the reliability of the relay cannot be met; if the pressure is greater, the demand on the reaction spring increases, which in turn requires more capital investment. In order to produce a relay that is relatively cost-effective, it is necessary to obtain a relatively accurate contact pressure. However, the current common measurement method is manual measurement, and because human perception of small force is not accurate, even if the force measured by the same person at different time is different, uncontrollable error is caused, and the production quality of the relay is further influenced. Therefore, a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing is provided to solve the problems of uncontrollable error, dispersed error, randomness and complex operation of the manual actual measurement method.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above defects or shortcomings in the prior art, it is desirable to provide a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing, which reduces the dispersion of errors, removes uncontrollable errors, effectively improves the production quality of relays, is simple and convenient to operate, and is easy to implement.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a contact pressure measurement model building method based on image processing, including the following steps:
acquiring a picture set of at least two groups of fixed contacts of the relay in a moving process;
acquiring a static contact template in each group of picture sets and three pictures in different states in any group of picture sets;
traversing three pictures in different states by using the static contact template to determine a target area;
tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range, and extracting a target coordinate sequence;
calculating a target displacement value by taking the target coordinate sequence as a reference;
calculating a pressure calculation value by using the target displacement value;
acquiring an artificial measured value;
fitting the calculated pressure value and the corresponding artificial measured value to obtain a pressure measurement model;
a pressure measurement model was obtained according to the following method:
setting a fitting polynomial y as ax + b;
wherein y is an artificial measured value; x is a calculated pressure value;
calculating the variance according to the following formula;
the minimum variance is obtained according to the following formula:
after simplification, a correction relational expression about a and b is obtained:
substituting the pressure calculation value into a correction relation to obtain a pressure measurement model:
according to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the target area is determined according to the following method:
acquiring sub-regions corresponding to each picture in different states;
traversing sub-regions of each picture in different states by using the static contact template;
the correlation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is a correlation coefficient; t is a matrix formed by gray values of pixel points in the static contact template; i is a matrix formed by gray values of pixel points in the ergodic subareas;
after traversing, determining a maximum correlation coefficient value;
and taking the area corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as a target area.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the calculated pressure value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein F is the contact pressure; e is the spring elastic modulus; l is the distance from the static contact to the root of the reed; i is a section moment of inertia; m is the width of the reed; n is the thickness of the reed; ω is the stationary contact displacement.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the picture sets of at least two groups of relay static contacts in the moving process are obtained according to the following method:
collecting complete images of at least two groups of relay static contacts in the motion process;
and extracting pictures corresponding to each group of the complete images to form at least two groups of picture sets.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the static contact template of each picture in each group of picture sets is obtained according to the following method:
extracting a plurality of random pictures in any group of picture sets;
and cutting the random picture to manufacture a corresponding static contact template.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the three pictures in different states comprise: the moving contact and the static contact are not in contact with the picture, the moving contact only stably contacts the picture with the moving contact, and the moving contact only stably contacts the picture with the moving contact.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the target coordinate sequence comprises: the initial position coordinates of the static contact, the stable contact position coordinates of the movable contact and the movable contact are obtained.
According to the technical scheme provided by the embodiment of the application, the target displacement value comprises: the displacement value of the dynamic contact and the displacement value of the dynamic contact.
In a second aspect, the present application provides a system based on the above method for constructing a contact pressure measurement model based on image processing, including: the device comprises an image acquisition module, an image processing module, a tracking module, an operation module, a storage module and a display module;
the image acquisition module is used for acquiring a picture set of a moving process of a static contact of the relay;
the image processing module is used for acquiring a static contact template and three images in different states according to the image set so as to determine a target area;
the tracking module is used for tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range and determining a target coordinate sequence;
the operation module is used for determining a target displacement value by taking the target coordinate sequence as a reference so as to calculate a corresponding static contact pressure value;
the storage module is used for storing the static contact pressure value;
and the display module is used for displaying the pressure value of the static contact.
In summary, the present technical solution specifically discloses a specific process of a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing. Specifically, a static contact template of a picture set in a motion process and three pictures in different states in any group of picture sets are extracted, the three pictures in different states are traversed by the static contact template, and a target area is determined; tracking the motion track of a static contact in a target area, extracting a target coordinate sequence, and calculating a corresponding target displacement value; calculating a pressure calculation value by using the target displacement value; further, acquiring an artificial measured value, and fitting the pressure calculation value and the corresponding artificial measured value to obtain a pressure measurement model; the pressure value of the static contact is calculated by using the pressure measurement model, so that the dispersity of errors can be reduced, uncontrollable errors can be removed, and the purpose of improving the production quality of the relay is achieved.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing.
Fig. 2 is a schematic flow chart of a contact pressure measurement system based on image processing.
Fig. 3 is a schematic block diagram of a server.
Reference numbers in the figures: 101. an image acquisition module; 102. an image processing module; 103. a tracking module; 104. an operation module; 105. a storage module; 106. a display module;
501. a CPU; 502. a ROM; 503. a RAM; 504. a bus; 505. an I/O interface; 506. An input section; 507. an output section; 508. a storage section; 509. a communication section; 510. A driver; 511. a removable media.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the present invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
Please refer to fig. 1, which is a schematic flowchart of a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing according to the present application, including the following steps:
acquiring a picture set of at least two groups of static contacts of the relay in a moving process;
acquiring a static contact template in each group of the picture sets and three pictures in different states in any group of the picture sets;
traversing three pictures in different states by using the static contact template to determine a target area;
tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range, and extracting a target coordinate sequence;
calculating a target displacement value by taking the target coordinate sequence as a reference;
calculating a pressure calculation value by using the target displacement value;
acquiring an artificial measured value;
and fitting the calculated pressure value and the corresponding artificial measured value to obtain a pressure measurement model.
Example one
On the basis of the above, the present embodiment may construct a dynamic contact pressure measurement model, specifically, the following steps:
collecting complete images of at least two groups of relay static contacts in the motion process;
and extracting the pictures corresponding to each group of complete images to form a corresponding picture set.
Extracting a plurality of random pictures in any group of picture sets;
cutting the random picture to manufacture a corresponding static contact template;
and acquiring three pictures in different states in any group of picture set, wherein the pictures comprise pictures with no contact between a moving contact and a fixed contact, pictures with stable contact between the moving contact and a moving contact only, and pictures with stable contact between the moving contact and a moving contact only.
Obtaining sub-regions corresponding to each picture in different states;
traversing sub-regions of each picture in different states by using a static contact template;
the correlation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is a correlation coefficient; t is a matrix formed by gray values of pixel points in the static contact template; i is a matrix formed by pixel gray values in the traversal sub-region;
after traversing, determining a maximum correlation coefficient value;
and taking the area corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as a target area.
Tracking a moving track of a static contact in a target area range, and extracting a static contact initial coordinate and a stable contact coordinate of a moving contact;
and calculating the displacement value of the moving contact by taking the initial position coordinate of the static contact as a reference.
Using the dynamic contact displacement value, the corresponding pressure calculation value can be calculated by the following equation:
wherein, F1Is the contact pressure; e is the spring elastic modulus; l is the distance from the static contact to the root of the reed; i is a section moment of inertia; m is the width of the reed; n is the thickness of the reed; ω is the stationary contact displacement.
Acquiring a corresponding manual measured value;
fitting different calculated pressure values and corresponding artificial measured values, and setting a fitting polynomial:
y＝a1x+b1；
wherein y is an artificial measured value; x is a calculated pressure value;
calculating the variance according to the following formula;
the minimum variance is obtained according to the following formula:
after simplification, a correction relational expression about a and b is obtained:
and substituting the pressure calculation value F into a correction relation to obtain a dynamic contact pressure measurement model:
and calculating the pressure value of the dynamic contact through the dynamic contact pressure measurement model.
Example two
On the basis of the above, the present embodiment may construct a pressure measurement model of the break contact, specifically, the following steps:
collecting complete images of at least two groups of relay static contacts in the motion process;
and extracting the pictures corresponding to each group of complete images to form a corresponding picture set.
Extracting a plurality of random pictures in any group of picture sets;
cutting the random picture to manufacture a corresponding static contact template;
and acquiring three pictures in different states in any group of picture set, wherein the three pictures comprise a moving contact picture which is not in contact with a fixed contact, a moving contact picture which is only in stable contact with a moving contact, and a moving contact picture which is only in stable contact with a moving contact.
Obtaining sub-regions corresponding to each picture in different states;
traversing sub-regions of each picture in different states by using a static contact template;
the correlation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is a correlation coefficient; t is a matrix formed by gray values of pixel points in the static contact template; i is a matrix formed by pixel gray values in the traversal sub-region;
after traversing, determining a maximum correlation coefficient value;
and taking the area corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as a target area.
Tracking a moving track of a static contact in a target area range, and extracting an initial coordinate of the static contact and a stable contact coordinate of a movable contact;
and calculating the displacement value of the break contact by taking the initial position coordinate of the static contact as a reference.
Using the displacement value of the break contact, the corresponding pressure calculation value can be calculated by the following formula:
wherein, F2Is the contact pressure; e is the spring elastic modulus; l is the distance from the static contact to the root of the reed; i is a section moment of inertia; m is the width of the reed; n is the thickness of the reed; ω is the stationary contact displacement.
Acquiring a corresponding manual measured value;
fitting different calculated pressure values and corresponding artificial measured values, and setting a fitting polynomial:
y＝a2x+b2；
wherein y is an artificial measured value; x is a calculated pressure value;
calculating the variance according to the following formula;
the minimum variance is obtained according to the following formula:
after simplification, a correction relational expression about a and b is obtained:
and substituting the pressure calculation value F into a correction relation to obtain a pressure measurement model of the break contact:
and calculating the pressure value of the dynamic contact through the dynamic contact pressure measurement model.
The specific operation steps are as follows:
take a break contact as an example;
shooting images of two groups of relay static contacts in a one-time complete motion process, and extracting corresponding picture sets from the images;
selecting one group of picture sets, storing the picture sets into a folder A, and numbering the picture sets in sequence (such as numbering in an Arabic number sequence, 1, 2, 3.);
selecting the first 32 photos from the folder A and storing the photos in the folder B;
cutting pictures in the folder B to form 16 movable contact templates and 16 movable contact templates;
4 pictures in different states are selected from the folder A, wherein the pictures are respectively pictures with no contact between a moving contact and a static contact, pictures with stable contact between the moving contact and a moving contact, and pictures with the number of 32, the 4 pictures are stored in the folder C and are numbered as 1, 2, 3 and 4 respectively.
Sequentially reading pictures in the folder C and pictures in the folder B, enabling all templates in the folder B to traverse all the pictures in the folder C, finding corresponding positions of the templates on the corresponding pictures in different states, and extracting three sets of coordinate data which are respectively a static contact initial position coordinate, a moving contact stable contact position coordinate and a moving contact stable contact position coordinate;
three groups of coordinate data are imported into an excel file and divided into 3 columns, each column is named by English letters and sequentially comprises 'yuan', 'shang' and 'xia', the two groups of data after being used are differed with the first group of data to obtain the absolute value of a non-zero number, namely the absolute value is the pixel of the motion of the movable on-off contact, and the following table 1 shows that:
TABLE 1 number of moving pixels per touch
Substituting the total number of the displacement pixel points of the dynamic break contact into the following formula to obtain a pressure value:
wherein E is 110 MPa; l is 40 mm; m is 7 mm; n is 0.4 mm;
averaging the non-coefficient values to obtain a pressure calculation value;
and setting x as a pressure calculation value and y as an artificial measured value, and acquiring the corresponding minimum variance of the two values through the following formula:
fitting to obtain a correlation function of the pressure calculated value and the artificial measured value:
y＝0.3214x+205.2
substituting the corresponding pressure calculation value x into the above formula to obtain a correction value, comparing the correction value with the artificial actual measurement value, and calculating an error, as shown in the following table 2:
TABLE 2 calculated and measured values
TABLE 3 comparison of two manual measured values
TABLE 4 two image processing calculation comparisons
As is clear from table 3, the difference between the data obtained by two manual measurements is large, and as is clear from table 4, the difference between the data obtained by two image processing methods is small, compared to the case where the data obtained by the image processing method is small in dispersibility, the object of improving the production quality of the relay can be achieved.
EXAMPLE III
Please refer to fig. 2, which is a schematic flow chart of a system of a contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing according to a first embodiment and a second embodiment of the present application, including: the system comprises an image acquisition module 101, an image processing module 102, a tracking module 103, an operation module 104, a storage module 105 and a display module 106;
the image acquisition module 101 is used for acquiring a picture set of a moving process of a static contact of the relay and transmitting the picture set to the picture processing module 102;
the image processing module 102 is configured to obtain a static contact template and three images in different states according to an image set to determine a destination area;
the tracking module 103 is used for tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range, determining a target coordinate sequence and sending the target coordinate sequence to the operation module 103;
the operation module 104 is configured to determine a target displacement value based on the target coordinate sequence to calculate a corresponding static contact pressure value;
the storage module 105 is used for storing the static contact pressure value;
and the display module 106 is used for displaying the static contact pressure value.
Example four
A server, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the method for constructing the contact pressure measurement model based on image processing according to the first embodiment and the second embodiment.
In the present embodiment, as shown in fig. 3, the computer system includes a Central Processing Unit (CPU)501, which can perform various appropriate actions and processes in accordance with a program stored in a Read Only Memory (ROM)502 or a program loaded from a storage section into a Random Access Memory (RAM) 503. In the RAM503, various programs and data necessary for system operation are also stored. The CPU 501, ROM 502, and RAM503 are connected to each other through a bus 504. An input/output (I/O) interface 505 is also connected to bus 504.
The following components are connected to the I/O interface 505: an input portion 506 including a keyboard, a mouse, and the like; an output section including a display such as a Cathode Ray Tube (CRT), a Liquid Crystal Display (LCD), and the like, and a speaker; a storage portion 508 including a hard disk and the like; and a communication section 509 including a network interface card such as a LAN card, a modem, or the like. The communication section 509 performs communication processing via a network such as the internet. The drives are also connected to the I/O interface 505 as needed. A removable medium 511 such as a magnetic disk, an optical disk, a magneto-optical disk, a semiconductor memory, or the like is mounted on the drive 510 as necessary, so that a computer program read out therefrom is mounted into the storage section 508 as necessary.
In particular, the process described above with reference to the flow chart of fig. 1 may be implemented as a computer software program according to an embodiment of the invention. For example, an embodiment of the invention includes a computer program product comprising a computer program embodied on a computer-readable medium, the computer program comprising program code for performing the method illustrated in the flowchart. In such an embodiment, the computer program may be downloaded and installed from a network via the communication section, and/or installed from a removable medium. The computer program performs the above-described functions defined in the system of the present application when executed by the Central Processing Unit (CPU) 501.
It should be noted that the computer readable medium shown in the present invention can be a computer readable signal medium or a computer readable storage medium or any combination of the two. A computer readable storage medium may be, for example, but not limited to, an electronic, magnetic, optical, electromagnetic, infrared, or semiconductor system, apparatus, or device, or any combination of the foregoing. More specific examples of the computer readable storage medium may include, but are not limited to: an electrical connection having one or more wires, a portable computer diskette, a hard disk, a Random Access Memory (RAM), a read-only memory (ROM), an erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM or flash memory), an optical fiber, a portable compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), an optical storage device, a magnetic storage device, or any suitable combination of the foregoing. In the present invention, a computer readable storage medium may be any tangible medium that can contain, or store a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. In the present invention, however, a computer readable signal medium may include a propagated data signal with computer readable program code embodied therein, for example, in baseband or as part of a carrier wave. Such a propagated data signal may take many forms, including, but not limited to, electro-magnetic, optical, or any suitable combination thereof. A computer readable signal medium may be any computer readable medium that is not a computer readable storage medium and that can communicate, propagate, or transport a program for use by or in connection with an instruction execution system, apparatus, or device. Program code embodied on a computer readable medium may be transmitted using any appropriate medium, including but not limited to: wireless, wire, fiber optic cable, RF, etc., or any suitable combination of the foregoing.
The flowchart and block diagrams in the figures illustrate the architecture, functionality, and operation of possible implementations of systems, methods and computer program products according to various embodiments of the present invention. In this regard, each block in the flowchart or block diagrams may represent a module, segment, or portion of code, which comprises one or more executable instructions for implementing the specified logical function(s). It should also be noted that, in some alternative implementations, the functions noted in the block may occur out of the order noted in the figures. For example, two blocks shown in succession may, in fact, be executed substantially concurrently, or the blocks may sometimes be executed in the reverse order, depending upon the functionality involved. It will also be noted that each block of the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, and combinations of blocks in the block diagrams or flowchart illustration, can be implemented by special purpose hardware-based systems which perform the specified functions or acts, or combinations of special purpose hardware and computer instructions.
The units described in the embodiments of the present invention may be implemented by software, or may be implemented by hardware, and the described units may also be disposed in a processor. Wherein the names of the elements do not in some way constitute a limitation on the elements themselves. The described units or modules may also be provided in a processor, and may be described as: a processor comprises a first generation module, an acquisition module, a search module, a second generation module and a merging module. The names of these units or modules do not in some cases form a limitation to the units or modules themselves, and for example, the obtaining module may also be described as "obtaining module for obtaining a plurality of instances to be detected in the base table".
As another aspect, the present application also provides a computer-readable medium, which may be contained in the electronic device described in the above embodiments; or may exist separately without being assembled into the electronic device. The computer readable medium carries one or more programs which, when executed by one of the electronic devices, cause the electronic device to implement the method for constructing a contact pressure measurement model based on image processing as described in the above embodiments.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the application and is illustrative of the principles of the technology employed. It will be appreciated by a person skilled in the art that the scope of the invention as referred to in the present application is not limited to the embodiments with a specific combination of the above-mentioned features, but also covers other embodiments with any combination of the above-mentioned features or their equivalents without departing from the inventive concept. For example, the above features may be replaced with (but not limited to) features having similar functions disclosed in the present application.
Claims (9)
1. A contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing is characterized by comprising the following steps:
acquiring a picture set of at least two groups of static contacts of the relay in a moving process;
acquiring a static contact template in each group of picture sets and three pictures in different states in any group of picture sets;
traversing three pictures in different states by using the static contact template to determine a target area;
tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range, and extracting a target coordinate sequence;
calculating a target displacement value by taking the target coordinate sequence as a reference;
calculating a pressure calculation value by using the target displacement value;
acquiring an artificial measured value;
fitting the calculated pressure value and the corresponding artificial measured value to obtain a pressure measurement model;
a pressure measurement model was obtained according to the following method:
setting a fitting polynomial y as ax + b;
wherein y is an artificial measured value; x is a calculated pressure value;
calculating the variance according to the following formula;
the minimum variance is obtained according to the following formula:
after simplification, a correction relational expression about a and b is obtained:
substituting the pressure calculation value into a correction relation to obtain a pressure measurement model:
2. the contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing according to claim 1, characterized in that the target area is determined according to the following method:
acquiring sub-regions corresponding to each picture in different states;
traversing sub-regions of each picture in different states by using the static contact template;
the correlation coefficient is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein R is a correlation coefficient; t is a matrix formed by gray values of pixel points in the static contact template; i is a matrix formed by pixel gray values in the traversal sub-region;
after traversing, determining a maximum correlation coefficient value;
and taking the area corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as a target area.
3. The contact pressure measurement model construction method based on image processing according to claim 2, characterized in that the pressure calculation value is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein F is the contact pressure; e is the spring elastic modulus; l is the distance from the static contact to the root of the reed; i is a section moment of inertia; m is the width of the reed; n is the thickness of the reed; ω is the stationary contact displacement.
4. The method for constructing the contact pressure measurement model based on the image processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the picture sets of at least two sets of relay static contacts in the moving process are obtained according to the following method:
collecting complete images of at least two groups of relay static contacts in the motion process;
and extracting pictures corresponding to each group of the complete images to form at least two groups of picture sets.
5. The method for constructing the contact pressure measurement model based on the image processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the static contact template of each picture in each group of picture set is obtained according to the following method:
extracting a plurality of random pictures in any group of picture sets;
and cutting the random picture to manufacture a corresponding static contact template.
6. The method for constructing the contact pressure measurement model based on the image processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the three pictures of different states comprise: the moving contact and the static contact are not in contact with the picture, the moving contact only stably contacts the picture with the moving contact, and the moving contact only stably contacts the picture with the moving contact.
7. The method for constructing the contact pressure measurement model based on the image processing as claimed in claim 1, wherein the target coordinate sequence comprises: the initial position coordinates of the static contact, the stable contact position coordinates of the movable contact and the movable contact are obtained.
8. The method for constructing the contact pressure measurement model based on the image processing according to claim 1, wherein the target displacement value comprises: the displacement value of the dynamic contact and the displacement value of the dynamic contact.
9. A system based on the contact pressure measurement model building method based on image processing of any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by comprising: the system comprises an image acquisition module (101), an image processing module (102), a tracking module (103), an operation module (104), a storage module (105) and a display module (106);
the image acquisition module (101) is used for acquiring a picture set of a moving process of a static contact of the relay;
the image processing module (102) is used for acquiring a static contact template and three images in different states according to the image set so as to determine a target area;
the tracking module (103) is used for tracking the motion track of the static contact in the target area range and determining a target coordinate sequence;
the operation module (104) is used for determining a target displacement value by taking the target coordinate sequence as a reference so as to calculate a corresponding static contact pressure value;
the storage module (105) is used for storing the static contact pressure value;
and the display module (106) is used for displaying the static contact pressure value.
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