CN113343604A - Method for defining protection range of river and lake ecological space - Google Patents

Method for defining protection range of river and lake ecological space Download PDF

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CN113343604A
CN113343604A CN202110708616.4A CN202110708616A CN113343604A CN 113343604 A CN113343604 A CN 113343604A CN 202110708616 A CN202110708616 A CN 202110708616A CN 113343604 A CN113343604 A CN 113343604A
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赵进勇
韩琪
王�琦
付意成
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China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for defining the protection range of a river and lake ecological space, which comprises the following steps: s1: segmenting the ecological space of the river and the lake in the longitudinal direction; s2: dividing the functions of the river and lake ecological space into a water resource guarantee function, a water environment regulation function and a water ecological support function; s3: providing differential protection requirements of various elements; s4: constructing a river and lake ecological space protection range definition index system, and selecting a proper definition index; s5: and planning the boundary of the protection range of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes by defining the coordination of the indexes and the functional area of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes. The invention provides a river and lake ecological space segmentation basis, is developed on the basis of natural characteristics and social and economic characteristics, realizes classification protection, and has pertinence, targetability, scientificity, operability and specificity.

Description

Method for defining protection range of river and lake ecological space
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ecological space protection, in particular to a method for defining the protection range of a river and lake ecological space.
Background
The effective protection and reasonable utilization of the ecological space of rivers and lakes play an important role in the ecological civilization construction and the economic and social development of coastal areas. In recent years, in the development process of some places, river protection is neglected, the problems of illegal reclamation of rivers, river crowding occupation, silkworm food water areas, excessive river sand mining and the like are prominent, the landscape pattern of the rivers is changed, the land occupation property is changed, the ecological space range of rivers and lakes is not clear, and the ecological problems are increasingly serious.
The river and lake ecological space protection range is a homeland space which takes rivers and lakes as main bodies and has the functions of water resource supply, flood safety guarantee and water ecological corridor, comprises important ecological plates such as a water source conservation area, a centralized drinking water source area, a water and soil loss major prevention and treatment area, a flood water regulation and storage place and the like, and is a core element and key composition in a drainage basin and a regional ecological safety pattern. In spite of the research status of the river and lake space protection range in recent decades, the natural attributes and the complexity of space distribution of the water ecological space, the diversity of economic and social service functions, the public nature of natural resource assets such as water flow and the like, and the ranges and the function positioning of the water ecological space such as river and lake water areas, shorelines and the like are not completely defined and definite, so that the water ecological space generally has the problems of fuzzy boundaries, cross overlapping of use rights and difficult protection and supervision of the water ecological space.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention provides a method for defining the protection range of the river and lake ecological space in a targeted manner.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for defining the protection range of the river and lake ecological space comprises the following steps:
s1: based on natural characteristics and social and economic characteristics, segmenting ecological spaces of rivers and lakes in the longitudinal direction according to local typical characteristics;
s2: dividing the functions of the river and lake ecological space into a water resource guarantee function, a water environment regulation function and a water ecological support function;
s3: based on the segmentation of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes, the differentiation protection requirements of various elements are put forward by combining the division of the functions of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes;
s4: according to the river and lake ecological space protection range, an index system, the protection requirements and the protection objects of various elements are defined, and a proper definition index of the river and lake ecological space protection range is selected;
s5: and planning the boundary of the protection range of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes by defining the coordination of the indexes and the functional area of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes.
Further, step S1 includes: according to the local topographic features, administrative region dividing features and geographical position features of rivers and lakes, the ecological space of the rivers and lakes is divided into a mountainous river source section, a plain suburban section, a plain estuary section, a town section, a country living section and a country suburban section.
Further, the water resource guarantee function comprises development and utilization of water resources and ecological water use guarantee; the water environment adjusting function comprises water environment quality improvement, flood regulation and storage capacity, water source conservation and protection capacity and river bank vegetation sewage interception capacity; the water ecological support function comprises water ecological space optimization, biological diversity protection and guarantee of the functional integrity and stability of a water ecological system.
Further, the differentiated protection requirements of the various elements in step S3 include; the requirements of river and lake sections, wetlands and estuaries on basic ecological water demand, the requirements of flood storage, drainage and flood regulation, and the requirements of species protection and water ecological protection and restoration measures for conserving water sources are met; the water ecological space protection requirement is adapted to the national soil space protection unit, and the national soil space protection unit is a three-line three-region determined by the national soil space planning.
Further, step S4 includes:
s41: performing hydrodynamic simulation calculation on different working conditions of flood pulse by using a hydrodynamic model in MIKE21 software according to the ecological base flow and the peak flow of the river and lake local, and determining the flood submerging range under different working conditions;
s42: and (3) carrying out space superposition on vegetation occupation, agricultural land, water area range, town development boundary line, permanent basic farmland control line and management range of the dykes and dams by utilizing ArcGIS software to manufacture the space range of the river and lake ecological corridor.
Further, step S5 includes: according to the flood submerging range and the space range of the ecological galleries of the rivers and the lakes, the boundary of the ecological space protection range of the rivers and the lakes is divided by combining the river-lake local drainage basin comprehensive planning, flood control planning and water resource planning.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. provides a river and lake ecological space segmentation basis, is developed on the basis of natural characteristics and social and economic characteristics, realizes classification protection and has specificity.
2. Based on the service function of the river and lake ecological system, aiming at the segmented result, the river and lake ecological space function is divided into three categories, and the method has more pertinence.
3. Aiming at different types of space segmentation and function classification, the method provides the differentiated protection requirements of various elements and has higher targeting property.
4. The river and lake ecological space protection requirement and the protection object are combined for analysis, an index system for defining the river and lake ecological space protection range is constructed, and the method is more scientific.
5. The method has the advantages that quantitative and qualitative combined analysis is carried out on the protection range defining index, the operation is carried out by taking a hydrodynamic model and ArcGIS software as main means, and the operability is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for defining the protection range of the ecological space of rivers and lakes.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
As shown in fig. 1, the method for defining the protection range of the river and lake ecological space comprises the following steps:
s1: based on natural characteristics and social and economic characteristics, segmenting ecological spaces of rivers and lakes in the longitudinal direction according to local typical characteristics; according to the local topographic features, administrative region dividing features and geographical position features of rivers and lakes, the ecological space of the rivers and lakes is divided into a mountainous river source section, a plain suburban section, a plain estuary section, a town section, a country living section and a country suburban section.
S2: the river and lake ecological space functions are divided into a water resource guaranteeing function, a water environment adjusting function and a water ecological supporting function.
The water area space, the land area space and the amphibious space of the river and lake ecological space are an organic whole. The complete river and lake ecological space area is a necessary condition for guaranteeing virtuous circle of a river and lake ecological system and exerting ecological functions and service functions of the river and lake, so that the water resource guaranteeing function comprises development and utilization of water resources and ecological water use guarantee based on the service function of the river and lake ecological system; the water environment adjusting function comprises water environment quality improvement, flood regulation and storage capacity, water source conservation and protection capacity and river bank vegetation sewage interception capacity; the water ecological support function comprises water ecological space optimization, biological diversity protection and guarantee of the functional integrity and stability of a water ecological system. Aiming at the segmented results, corresponding main functions of the segment are assigned, for example, the river source segment in the mountainous area should mainly have a water environment regulation function and a water ecology support function, and the town segment should mainly have a water resource supply function and a water ecology support function.
S3: based on the segmentation of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes, the differentiation protection requirements of various elements are provided by combining the division of the functions of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes. The differential protection requirements of various elements include: the requirements of river and lake sections, wetlands and estuaries on basic ecological water demand, the requirements of flood storage, drainage and flood regulation, and the requirements of species protection and water ecological protection and restoration measures for conserving water sources are met; the water ecological space protection requirement is adapted to the national soil space protection unit, and the national soil space protection unit is a three-line three-region determined by the national soil space planning.
The method carries out investigation and evaluation on conditions such as hydrological conditions, landform forms, biological compositions, physical and chemical characteristics and the like, fully considers economic development requirements of upstream and downstream and left and right bank areas, follows the principle of main body function consistency and ecological function integrity, carries out space protection requirement analysis from the aspects of water resources, water environment and water ecology, and determines the utilization requirement of river and lake ecological space protection.
Based on the divided sections of the ecological spaces of rivers and lakes, the aim of maintaining and improving the main functions of the rivers and lakes is fulfilled, and the requirements of not reducing the areas of the ecological spaces of the rivers and lakes and not reducing the ecological functions are met, so that the differentiated protection requirements of various elements are provided for different types of spaces.
S4: according to the river and lake ecological space protection range, an index system, the protection requirements and the protection objects of various elements are defined, and a proper definition index of the river and lake ecological space protection range is selected;
s41: performing hydrodynamic simulation calculation on different working conditions of flood pulse by using a hydrodynamic model in MIKE21 software according to the ecological base flow and the peak flow of the river and lake local, and determining the flood submerging range under different working conditions;
s42: and (3) carrying out space superposition on vegetation occupation, agricultural land, water area range, town development boundary line, permanent basic farmland control line and management range of the dykes and dams by utilizing ArcGIS software to manufacture the space range of the river and lake ecological corridor.
According to an index system of the protection range of the ecological space of rivers and lakes, based on the starting points of scientifically representing the protection of the ecological space of rivers and lakes, effectively guiding and restricting the utilization and protection of the national soil space, combining the protection requirement of the ecological space of rivers and lakes and the analysis of a protected object, aiming at the segmentation of the ecological space of rivers and lakes, selecting a proper definition index, wherein the selected index is mainly a quantitative index, is assisted by a qualitative index, and can be analyzed by combining the quantification and the qualification of the definition index. As shown in the following table 1, an index table is defined for the protection range of the ecological space of rivers and lakes:
TABLE 1 river and lake ecological space protection range definition index table
Figure BDA0003132355100000061
S5: and planning the boundary of the protection range of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes by defining the coordination of the indexes and the functional area of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes. The method comprises the following steps: and dividing the boundary of the protection range of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes by combining the comprehensive planning of the drainage basins of the rivers and the lakes, the flood control planning and the water resource planning according to the flood submerging range and the preliminarily defined space range of the ecological corridors of the rivers and the lakes.
The invention provides a river and lake ecological space segmentation basis, which is developed on the basis of natural characteristics and social and economic characteristics, realizes classification protection and has specificity. Based on the service function of the river and lake ecological system, aiming at the segmented result, the river and lake ecological space function is divided into three categories, and the method has more pertinence. Aiming at different types of space segmentation and function classification, the method provides the differentiated protection requirements of various elements and has higher targeting property. The river and lake ecological space protection requirement and the protection object are combined for analysis, an index system for defining the river and lake ecological space protection range is constructed, and the method is more scientific. The method has the advantages that quantitative and qualitative combined analysis is carried out on the protection range defining index, the operation is carried out by taking a hydrodynamic model and ArcGIS software as main means, and the operability is high.

Claims (6)

1. A method for defining the protection range of a river and lake ecological space is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1: based on natural characteristics and social and economic characteristics, segmenting ecological spaces of rivers and lakes in the longitudinal direction according to local typical characteristics;
s2: dividing the functions of the river and lake ecological space into a water resource guarantee function, a water environment regulation function and a water ecological support function;
s3: based on the segmentation of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes, the differentiation protection requirements of various elements are put forward by combining the division of the functions of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes;
s4: according to the river and lake ecological space protection range, an index system, the protection requirements and the protection objects of various elements are defined, and a proper definition index of the river and lake ecological space protection range is selected;
s5: and planning the boundary of the protection range of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes by defining the coordination of the indexes and the functional area of the ecological space of the rivers and the lakes.
2. The method for defining the protection range of the ecological space in the river and lake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the step S1 includes: according to the local topographic features, administrative region dividing features and geographical position features of rivers and lakes, the ecological space of the rivers and lakes is divided into a mountainous river source section, a plain suburban section, a plain estuary section, a town section, a country living section and a country suburban section.
3. The method for defining the protection scope of the ecological space of the river and the lake as claimed in claim 1, wherein the water resource guarantee function comprises development and utilization of water resources and ecological water use guarantee; the water environment adjusting function comprises water environment quality improvement, flood regulation and storage capacity, water source conservation and protection capacity and river bank vegetation sewage interception capacity; the water ecological support function comprises water ecological space optimization, biological diversity protection and guarantee of the functional integrity and stability of a water ecological system.
4. The method for defining the protection range of the ecological space in rivers and lakes according to claim 1, wherein the differentiated protection requirements of each type of elements in the step S3 include; the requirements of river and lake sections, wetlands and estuaries on basic ecological water demand, the requirements of flood storage, drainage and flood regulation, and the requirements of species protection and water ecological protection and restoration measures for conserving water sources are met; the water ecological space protection requirement is adapted to the national soil space protection unit, and the national soil space protection unit is a three-line three-region determined by the national soil space planning.
5. The method for defining the protection scope of the ecological space of rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 1,
the step S4 includes:
s41: performing hydrodynamic simulation calculation on different working conditions of flood pulse by using a hydrodynamic model in MIKE21 software according to the ecological base flow and the peak flow of the river and lake local, and determining the flood submerging range under different working conditions;
s42: and (3) carrying out space superposition on vegetation occupation, agricultural land, water area range, town development boundary line, permanent basic farmland control line and management range of the dykes and dams by utilizing ArcGIS software to manufacture the space range of the river and lake ecological corridor.
6. The method for defining the protection scope of the ecological space of rivers and lakes as claimed in claim 1,
the step S5 includes: according to the flood submerging range and the space range of the ecological galleries of the rivers and the lakes, the boundary of the ecological space protection range of the rivers and the lakes is divided by combining the river-lake local drainage basin comprehensive planning, flood control planning and water resource planning.
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CN117236573B (en) * 2023-11-15 2024-04-12 广东广宇科技发展有限公司 River and lake region division management method, system and medium based on river and lake monitoring
CN117392550A (en) * 2023-12-11 2024-01-12 天津市勘察设计院集团有限公司 Natural element extraction method based on high-resolution remote sensing image

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