CN113338259B - Construction method for treating karst cave of pile bottom bearing stratum - Google Patents
Construction method for treating karst cave of pile bottom bearing stratum Download PDFInfo
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 31
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 41
- 230000010412 perfusion Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 210000001503 joint Anatomy 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 239000003638 chemical reducing agent Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000010291 electrical method Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 description 23
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 16
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000011010 flushing procedure Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005276 aerator Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007667 floating Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 3
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000002159 abnormal effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008602 contraction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005429 filling process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D3/00—Improving or preserving soil or rock, e.g. preserving permafrost soil
- E02D3/02—Improving by compacting
- E02D3/08—Improving by compacting by inserting stones or lost bodies, e.g. compaction piles
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D15/00—Handling building or like materials for hydraulic engineering or foundations
- E02D15/02—Handling of bulk concrete specially for foundation or hydraulic engineering purposes
- E02D15/04—Placing concrete in mould-pipes, pile tubes, bore-holes or narrow shafts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D27/00—Foundations as substructures
- E02D27/10—Deep foundations
- E02D27/12—Pile foundations
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D33/00—Testing foundations or foundation structures
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D5/00—Bulkheads, piles, or other structural elements specially adapted to foundation engineering
- E02D5/22—Piles
- E02D5/34—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same
- E02D5/38—Concrete or concrete-like piles cast in position ; Apparatus for making same making by use of mould-pipes or other moulds
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A90/00—Technologies having an indirect contribution to adaptation to climate change
- Y02A90/30—Assessment of water resources
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Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of pile bottom karst cave treatment construction, and discloses a pile bottom bearing stratum karst cave treatment construction method, which comprises the following steps: (1) respectively drilling electric method holes at two sides of the pile foundation, determining whether a karst cave exists at the pile bottom by adopting an inter-hole ultrahigh density electric method, and determining whether a water filler exists in the karst cave; (2) reaming the core hole to form a filling hole, drilling to form an exhaust hole, wherein the filling hole and the exhaust hole are respectively communicated with the karst cave; (3) the inner end of the perfusion tube penetrates through the perfusion hole and extends to the karst cave, and the outer end of the perfusion tube is used for being in butt joint arrangement with the outside; (4) inputting high-pressure air flow or high-pressure water through the filling pipe to flush; (5) starting a ground pump, and pouring concrete into the karst cave; adopt the super high density electrical method real-time supervision solution cavity resistivity change condition between the hole to judge the end point that fills of concrete, guarantee that the concrete has sufficient pouring volume, avoid the error that the concrete undulation caused, guarantee to fill sufficient concrete, guarantee the security of pile foundation.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of pile bottom karst cave treatment construction, in particular to a pile bottom bearing layer karst cave treatment construction method.
Background
With the progress of industrial technology and the enlargement of engineering construction scale, pile foundations have become the most common foundation form for building structures such as high-rise or super high-rise buildings, railway, highway, bridge and the like.
And in the construction of underground pile foundation, can carry out the inspection of loosing core to whether there is the karst cave to detect and investigate the certain depth range in below of pile foundation, avoid the karst cave to influence the safety of ground itself and ground building.
In the prior art, a method for treating a karst cave after a pile is formed by drilling and pouring in a karst cave stratum is to adopt reinforcement treatment of pouring concrete into the karst cave and observe the grouting degree through an observation hole.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for treating a karst cave of a pile bottom bearing layer, and aims to solve the problem that in the prior art, when the karst cave below a pile foundation is treated, the concrete is not poured sufficiently due to pouring errors.
The invention is realized in this way, the karst cave treatment construction method of the pile bottom bearing stratum, the core-pulling inspection of the pile foundation, confirm that the karst cave exists in the pile bottom, the concrete steps are as follows:
(1) respectively drilling electric method holes at two sides of the pile foundation, measuring the resistivity of the karst cave in the depth range of the electric method holes by adopting an inter-hole ultrahigh density electric method, and if the resistivity is high, indicating that the karst cave is a karst cave without fillers or a karst cave; if the resistivity is low, indicating a water-filled cavern; under the condition of no karst cave of filling materials or no karst cave, verifying coring holes in the pile foundation and detecting the pile forming quality of the pile foundation; if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave without fillers, the washing is not needed, the step (4) is not executed, and if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave without fillers, the pouring is not needed; the karst cave with the water filling needs to be washed, and the construction is carried out according to the following steps;
(2) enlarging the core taking hole to form a filling hole by using the core taking hole, and then drilling to form an exhaust hole, wherein the bottom of the filling hole and the bottom of the exhaust hole are respectively communicated with the karst cave;
(3) installing a perfusion tube, wherein the inner end of the perfusion tube penetrates through the perfusion hole and extends to the karst cave, the outer end of the perfusion tube extends outwards to form an external connection part, and the external connection part is used for being in butt joint arrangement with the outside;
(4) inputting high-pressure air flow or high-pressure water through the perfusion pipe, and washing the loose filler in the karst cave;
(5) the ground pump is started, and concrete is poured into the karst cave through the pouring pipe; and monitoring the concrete pouring end point by adopting an ultrahigh density resistance method.
Further, in step (4), the external portion is connected with the air compressor machine earlier and arranges, the air compressor machine is used for carrying high-pressure draught, then, the external portion is connected with the water feeder and arranges, the water feeder is used for carrying high-pressure rivers, then it is right through air current and rivers mixture the solution cavity washes.
Further, the perfusion tube is provided with an ultrasonic device, the ultrasonic device is used for emitting ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic device is provided with an emitting surface through which the ultrasonic waves are emitted outwards; the water feeder delivers a high pressure stream of water across the emitting surface; and firstly washing the karst cave by the high-pressure water flow, then starting the ultrasonic device, and washing the karst cave by combining the high-pressure water flow and the ultrasonic wave.
Further, the exhaust hole is provided with an exhaust pipe, the inner end of the exhaust pipe penetrates through the filling hole and extends to the karst cave, and the outer end of the exhaust pipe extends to the outside of the exhaust hole; when the karst cave is flushed in the step (4), high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid is discharged from the outer end of the exhaust pipe; in the step (5), in the process of pouring the concrete, the pouring stopping time of the poured concrete is judged by referring to the discharge condition of the outer end of the exhaust pipe.
Further, a reference device is included, the reference device is arranged inside the exhaust pipe, and in the step (5), the reference device is driven to move upwards in the concrete pouring process; the reference device comprises a reference frame, an inflator for delivering a gas flow to the inflation member, and an inflation member for receiving the gas flow in an inflation arrangement, the reference frame having a reference cavity arranged in an upwardly arched arc, the inflation member being disposed in the reference cavity and shaped in the upwardly arched arc when the inflation member is in the inflation arrangement.
Furthermore, the pouring hole is located in the pile foundation, and a core taking hole in the pile foundation is reamed by adopting a down-the-hole hammer to form the pouring hole.
Further, a reducing pipe is included, in the step (5), the upper part of the perfusion pipe is connected and communicated with the lower part of the reducing pipe, and the upper part of the reducing pipe is connected and communicated with the ground pump; the diameter value of the reducer pipe is arranged in a gradually-reduced mode along the direction from the ground pump to the perfusion pipe.
The device further comprises a relief piece, wherein the relief piece is connected with the inner end of the pouring pipe and is used for reducing the fluctuation degree of the poured concrete; the piece that reduces and to lie prostrate including reducing and to lie prostrate rope and a plurality of board that reduces, the inner that reduces to lie prostrate the rope with it is the connection and arranges to reduce to lie prostrate the outer end of board is followed and is deviated from it is the slope to lie prostrate the rope direction and arranges, it is in to reduce to lie prostrate the cavern, in step (5), the filling tube pours concrete, and the concrete strikes each it arranges to reduce to lie prostrate the board.
The device further comprises a fixing device, wherein the fixing device is connected with the pile foundation and is used for fixing the filling pipe; the top of pile foundation is exposed and is had a plurality of reinforcing bars, fixing device is including fixed cover, a plurality of fixed part and a plurality of dead lever, the both ends of dead lever are connected respectively the fixed part with fixed cover, fixed cover is used for the cover to establish fill the pipe, each the dead lever is followed the circumference of fixed cover is the interval and corresponds the arrangement, the dead lever with the fixed part is the one-to-one and arranges, the fixed part cover is established the reinforcing bar is arranged.
The electrode assembly further comprises a plurality of first electrode elements and a plurality of second electrode elements, wherein the first electrode elements and the second electrode elements are correspondingly arranged one by one; in the step (1), two electric holes are drilled, each first electrode piece is arranged in one electric hole, the first electrode pieces are arranged in sequence at intervals, each second electrode piece is arranged in the other electric hole, and the second electrode pieces are arranged in sequence at intervals; when the power is on, the first electrode piece and the second electrode piece which are correspondingly arranged generate potential difference, and potential difference data are transmitted to the background server.
Compared with the prior art, the construction method for treating the karst cave of the pile bottom bearing stratum comprises the steps of firstly, respectively drilling electric method holes at two sides of a pile foundation, measuring the resistivity of the karst cave within the depth range of the electric method holes by adopting an inter-hole ultrahigh-density electric method, and if the resistivity is high, indicating that the karst cave is a karst cave without fillers or a karst cave; if the resistivity is low, indicating a water-filled cavern; under the condition of no karst cave of filling materials or no karst cave, verifying coring holes in the pile foundation and detecting the pile forming quality of the pile foundation; if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave without fillers, the washing is not needed, the step (4) is not executed, and if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave without fillers, the pouring is not needed; the karst cave with water filling needs to be washed, and the construction is carried out according to the following steps; and during pouring, the ultrahigh density electric method is monitored in the whole process, so that errors caused by concrete fluctuation are effectively avoided, sufficient concrete is poured, the pouring effect is improved, and the safety of a pile foundation is guaranteed.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic construction flow diagram of a construction method for treating a karst cave of a pile bottom bearing stratum provided by the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic construction plan view of a construction method for treating a karst cave of a pile bottom bearing layer provided by the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic layout view of pouring holes and vent holes in the construction method for treating the karst cave of the bearing stratum of the pile bottom provided by the invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic plan view of a reducer pipe of the construction method for treating a karst cave in a pile bottom bearing stratum provided by the invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic plan view of an ejector for a construction method for treating a karst cave in a pile bottom bearing stratum according to the present invention;
fig. 6 is a partial schematic view of a rotator used in the construction method for treating the karst cave of the pile bottom bearing stratum provided by the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
The following detailed description of implementations of the invention refers to specific embodiments.
The same or similar reference numerals in the drawings of the present embodiment correspond to the same or similar components; in the description of the present invention, it should be understood that if there is an orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "upper", "lower", "left", "right", etc., based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, it is only for convenience of description and simplification of the description, but it is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation and operate, and therefore the terms describing the positional relationship in the drawings are only used for illustrative purposes and are not to be construed as limiting the present patent, and it is possible for one of ordinary skill in the art to understand the specific meaning of the above terms according to the specific situation.
Referring to fig. 1-6, preferred embodiments of the present invention are shown.
The construction method for treating the karst cave of the bearing stratum at the bottom of the pile comprises the following steps of checking the core of a pile foundation 1 and confirming that the karst cave 2 exists at the bottom of the pile, wherein the steps are as follows:
(1) respectively drilling electric method holes 5 at two sides of the pile foundation 1, measuring the resistivity of the karst cave 2 in the depth range of the electric method holes 5 by adopting an inter-hole ultrahigh density electric method, and if the resistivity is high, indicating that the karst cave 2 is not filled or the karst cave 2 is not filled; if the resistivity is low, indicating a water-filled cavern 2; under the condition of no filling karst cave 2 or no karst cave 2, verifying coring holes in the pile foundation 1, and detecting the pile forming quality of the pile foundation 1; if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave 2 without filler, the washing is not needed, the step (4) is not executed, and if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave 2 without filler, the pouring is not needed; the karst cave 2 with the water filling needs to be washed and constructed according to the following steps;
(2) enlarging the coring hole to form a filling hole by using the coring hole, and then performing drilling construction to form an exhaust hole, wherein the bottom of the filling hole and the bottom of the exhaust hole are respectively communicated with the karst cave 2;
(3) installing a perfusion tube 3, wherein the inner end of the perfusion tube 3 penetrates through a perfusion hole and extends to the karst cave 2, the outer end of the perfusion tube 3 extends outwards to form an external connection part, and the external connection part is used for being in butt joint arrangement with the outside;
(4) inputting high-pressure air flow or high-pressure water through the filling pipe 3 to wash the loose filler in the karst cave 2;
(5) starting a ground pump, and pouring concrete into the karst cave 2 through the pouring pipe 3; and monitoring the concrete pouring end point by adopting an ultrahigh density resistance method.
Firstly, respectively drilling electric method holes 5 on two sides of a pile foundation 1, measuring the resistivity of a karst cave 2 in the depth range of the electric method holes by an ultrahigh density electric method, and if the resistivity is high, indicating that the karst cave 2 is the karst cave 2 without fillers or the karst cave 2 is not the karst cave; if the resistivity is low, indicating a water-filled cavern 2; under the condition of no karst cave 2 of the filling material or no karst cave 2, core holes in the pile foundation 1 are verified, and the pile forming quality of the pile foundation 1 is detected; if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave 2 without fillings, the washing is not needed, the step (4) is not executed, and if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave 2 without fillings, the pouring is not needed; the karst cave 2 with the water filling needs to be washed and constructed according to the following steps; and during pouring, the ultrahigh density electric method is monitored in the whole process, so that errors caused by concrete fluctuation are effectively avoided, sufficient concrete is poured, the pouring effect is improved, and the safety of a pile foundation is guaranteed.
And (3) monitoring the change condition of the resistivity of the karst cave in real time by adopting an inter-hole ultrahigh density electrical method to judge the pouring end point of the concrete, and if the resistivity is larger than the resistivity measured for the first time and the range is enlarged, indicating that the concrete in the karst cave rises to be close to the pile bottom because the resistivity of the concrete is larger than the filler with water in the karst cave.
In the step (1), judging whether the karst cave 2 needs to be washed by adopting an ultrahigh density resistance method, and if the karst cave 2 does not need to be washed, directly entering the step (5) through the step (2) and the step (3); if the washing is needed, the step (2) and the step (3), and the step (4) and the step (5) are sequentially carried out.
In the step (4), the external connection part is firstly connected with an air compressor which is used for conveying high-pressure airflow, then the external connection part is connected with a water feeder which is used for conveying high-pressure water flow, and then the karst cave 2 is washed by mixing the airflow and the water flow; thus, when the karst cave 2 is washed, the washing effect of loose fillers in the karst cave 2 is enhanced under the matching action of the air flow and the water flow.
The perfusion tube 3 is provided with an ultrasonic device 8, the ultrasonic device 8 is used for emitting ultrasonic waves, and the ultrasonic device 8 is provided with an emitting surface through which the ultrasonic waves are emitted outwards; the water supply machine conveys high-pressure water flow to pass through the emitting surface; firstly, washing the karst cave 2 by high-pressure water flow, then starting the ultrasonic device 8, and washing the karst cave 2 by the combination of the high-pressure water flow and ultrasonic waves; the flushing effect of the loose filling in the cavern 2 is enhanced.
The ultrasonic wave device 8 emits wave which exceeds the acoustic frequency of human hearing and is conducted in the liquid, and the sound wave is a longitudinal wave, so that the pressure in the liquid can be changed under the action of the longitudinal wave pushing medium to generate countless tiny vacuum bubbles, and when the bubbles are exploded under pressure, strong impact energy can be generated to break up dead corners in the karst cave 2, and the flushing effect of loose fillers in the karst cave 2 is greatly improved.
The exhaust hole is provided with an exhaust pipe 4, the inner end of the exhaust pipe 4 penetrates through the filling hole and extends to the karst cave 2, and the outer end of the exhaust pipe 4 extends to the outside of the exhaust hole; when the karst cave 2 is flushed in the step (4), high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid is discharged from the outer end of the exhaust pipe 4; therefore, the balance of the karst cave 2 is kept, the loose filling materials of the karst cave 2 can be discharged conveniently, the filling performance of the follow-up karst cave 2 is improved, and the safety of the pile foundation 1 is improved.
In the step (5), in the concrete pouring process, the pouring stop time of the poured concrete is judged by referring to the discharge condition of the outer end of the exhaust pipe 4, so that the excess poured concrete is avoided, and the waste of the concrete is avoided.
The reference device is arranged inside the exhaust pipe 4, and is driven to move upwards in the concrete pouring process in the step (5); the reference device comprises a reference frame, an aerator and an expansion piece, wherein the aerator is used for conveying airflow to the expansion piece, the expansion piece receives the airflow and is in an expansion arrangement, the reference frame is respectively installed on the aerator and the expansion piece, the reference frame is provided with a reference cavity, the reference cavity is arranged along an upward arched arc, the expansion piece is arranged in the reference cavity, and when the expansion piece is in the expansion arrangement, the shape is in the upward arched arc arrangement.
Therefore, under the action of the reference device, the stop pouring time of the poured concrete is convenient to judge, the excess poured concrete is avoided, and the waste of the concrete is avoided; and, in the filling process, the aerator starts, and the inflation piece is the inflation and arranges that because the inflation piece inflation is upwards hunch arc and arranges, help floating the concrete and play the cushioning effect, reduce the degree of floating of concrete to avoid floating and cause the error to the pouring of concrete.
Furthermore, the reference device includes the gyroscope, and the gyroscope is installed in the middle part of frame of reference, and the gyroscope is in the middle part after the inflation piece, and like this, the reference device is at the unsteady in-process, can detect the horizontal angle of inflation piece through the gyroscope to and detect the horizontal angle of frame of reference, be convenient for know whether steadily pour into the concrete, and be convenient for detect the degree of floating that the concrete poured.
The pouring hole is positioned in the pile foundation 1, and a down-the-hole hammer is adopted to ream a coring hole in the pile foundation 1 to form the pouring hole; avoid drilling in addition again, avoid influencing the security of pile foundation 1.
The core drilling device comprises a reamer, wherein the reamer is arranged on a down-the-hole hammer to ream a core hole.
The reamer comprises a reaming bit, a connector, a telescopic cylinder and an expansion drill, wherein the reaming bit is used for drilling, two ends of the telescopic cylinder are respectively connected with the connector and the reaming bit, a telescopic cylinder shell is arranged in a telescopic or contraction mode, the connector is used for being connected with the down-the-hole hammer, and the telescopic cylinder is arranged in a telescopic mode and drives the expansion drill to be arranged in an expansion or contraction mode; like this, when carrying out reaming, the reamer bit is rotatory to getting the core hole and carry out reaming, and when needs increase the aperture, the drive expansion is bored and is the expansion and arranges, realizes increaseing the reaming to getting the core hole, satisfies the different demands that creep into.
The expansion drill comprises a plurality of expansion groups, the expansion groups are arranged at intervals in sequence along the circumferential direction of the telescopic cylinder, the expansion groups are expanded or contracted, and the core hole is enlarged and reamed to meet different drilling requirements.
The expansion group comprises an upper drilling piece and a lower drilling piece, the upper part of the upper drilling piece is fixedly arranged, the lower part of the upper drilling piece is connected with the upper part of the lower drilling piece, and the lower part of the lower drilling piece is fixedly arranged; an included angle is formed between the upper drilling piece and the lower drilling piece, the included angle is reduced, the expansion range is largest, and the arranged drilling requirements are met.
The bottom of reaming bit forms the detection face, detect personally submit horizontal arrangement, the detection face is equipped with pressure sensor, like this, when reaming to karst cave 2 position, pressure sensor's the condition of handling changes greatly, with data transmission to backstage, constructor shell compares and analyzes based on the data that detect the 2 positions in karst cave before, confirms the terminal point of driling, under pressure sensor's effect, improves reference data to constructor, improves and creeps into accuracy nature to and reduce the judgement error.
The device comprises a reducer pipe 6, wherein in the step (5), the upper part of the perfusion pipe 3 is connected and communicated with the lower part of the reducer pipe 6, and the upper part of the reducer pipe 6 is connected and communicated with a ground pump; the diameter value of the reducer pipe 6 is gradually reduced along the direction from the ground pump to the perfusion pipe 3; thus, under the action of the reducer pipe 6, the pouring flow rate and the tightness of concrete are improved, and the pouring effect is improved.
The reducer pipe 6 comprises a normal section, a transition section and a speed increasing section, wherein two ends of the transition section are respectively connected and communicated with the normal section and the speed increasing section; therefore, the pouring flow rate and the tightness of the concrete are improved, and the pouring effect is improved.
After step (4), before step (5) is carried out, the bolster is installed to the lower part of filling pipe 3, and the bolster is the column and arranges, forms side opening and top opening, and the top opening is the intercommunication with filling pipe 3 and arranges, and when pouring concrete, concrete gets into the bolster through the top opening from filling pipe 3, carries to solution cavity 2 from the side opening again, like this, is lateral transport when concrete pours, reduces the transport fluctuation of concrete, reduces the error that the jar body pours the terminal point.
The device comprises a relief piece, wherein the relief piece is connected with the inner end of the pouring pipe 3 and is used for reducing the fluctuation degree of the poured concrete; the damping part comprises a damping rope and a plurality of damping plates, the inner ends of the damping plates are connected with the damping rope, the outer ends of the damping plates are obliquely arranged along the direction departing from the damping rope, the damping plates are positioned in the karst cave 2, in the step (5), the pouring pipe 3 is poured with concrete, and the concrete impacts each damping plate; the delivery fluctuation of the concrete is reduced, and the error of the tank body pouring end point is reduced.
The device comprises a fixing device, wherein the fixing device is connected with a pile foundation 1 and is used for fixing a filling pipe 3; the top of the pile foundation 1 is exposed with a plurality of steel bars, the fixing device comprises a fixing sleeve, a plurality of fixing parts and a plurality of fixing rods, two ends of each fixing rod are respectively connected with the fixing part and the fixing sleeve, the fixing sleeve is used for sleeving the perfusion tube 3, the fixing rods are arranged along the circumference of the fixing sleeve at intervals in a corresponding mode, the fixing rods and the fixing parts are arranged in a one-to-one corresponding mode, and the fixing parts are sleeved with the steel bars; under fixing device's effect, be convenient for pour into pipe 3 fixed, when the concrete is poured, under fixing device's effect, reduce the mobility of shaking of tubular pile pipe.
The fixing device is used for fixing the exhaust pipe 4, so that the exhaust pipe 4 can be fixed conveniently, and the shaking property of the exhaust pipe 4 during discharging is reduced.
The electrode comprises a plurality of first electrode elements 51 and a plurality of second electrode elements 52, wherein the first electrode elements 51 and the second electrode elements 52 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in the step (1), two electric method holes 5 are drilled, each first electrode 51 is arranged in one electric method hole 5, each first electrode 51 is arranged in sequence at intervals, each second electrode 52 is arranged in the other electric method hole 5, and each second electrode 52 is arranged in sequence at intervals; when the power is on, the first electrode element 51 and the second electrode element 52 which are correspondingly arranged generate potential difference, and the potential difference data are transmitted to the background server.
Thus, the perfusion end point is calculated based on the basic principle that the electric field distribution of the earth surface is related to the resistivity distribution of the underground rock-soil medium under the action of the artificial direct current electric field.
For example, a 64 electrode arrangement is used with an electrode spacing of 1-2 m. When data is collected, the program automatically divides 32 first electrode elements 51 arranged in each array into odd groups (1, 3, 5, … … 61, 63) and even groups (2, 4, 6, … … 62, 64) of 32 second electrode elements 52, one of the two groups of electrodes is selected as a power supply electrode A and one of the two groups of electrodes is selected as a power supply electrode B, and the potential difference of other electrodes relative to a certain electrode M is measured simultaneously in one electrifying process, so that 61 potential difference (MN1, MN2, MN3, … …, MN60 and MN61) data (figure 1) are obtained. The odd-numbered group of 32 electrodes and the even-numbered group of 32 electrodes are matched with each other to be used as power supply electrodes, namely, a power supply and power off process of 32 multiplied by 32 to 1024 times is performed, 61 potential difference data can be simultaneously acquired during each power supply, and the total data amount is 32 multiplied by 61 to 62464.
Therefore, multi-level and multi-angle testing is realized by one-time electrode distribution and software regulation, the acquired data not only has richness and consistency, but also the acquisition speed is increased by hundreds of times, and the working efficiency is greatly improved. The accuracy and the reliability of the inversion result are improved due to the richness, and the consistency avoids the defect that the inversion result generated by data acquired at the same place is different due to the fact that some data acquired in high-density electricity are partially heavier than the transverse resolution and some data acquired in the longitudinal resolution. And the electrode spacing is 1-2m, so that finer data processing grid subdivision can be performed, the resolution of the electrical abnormal body is improved, and the positions and sizes of different underground electrical abnormal bodies are reflected more truly.
The specific steps of the ultra-high density resistivity data inversion are as follows: firstly, setting a theoretical distribution model of resistivity; secondly, forward calculation is carried out by utilizing a theoretical model to obtain a theoretical resistivity value; thirdly, after the difference between the measured data and the theoretical value is calculated, the difference is reduced into the subdivided grids according to different algorithms so as to correct the theoretical resistivity model and obtain a new theoretical resistivity distribution model; and finally, performing forward calculation by using the new theoretical model, repeating the steps, continuously iterating and fitting, and ending inversion until the fitted root mean square error is small enough or meets the requirement. The theoretical resistivity distribution model at this time is considered to be the final inversion result.
The construction method for treating the karst cave 2 of the pile bottom bearing layer comprises an ejector 7, wherein the inner end of a conveying structure is connected and communicated with the ejector 7, the ejector 7 is correspondingly arranged with the karst cave 2, and an ultrasonic device 8 is connected with the ejector 7.
The ejector 7 comprises a spray head, a shell and a rotator 9, the spray head is connected and communicated with the shell, the spray head is correspondingly arranged with the karst cave 2, and the rotator 9 is used for driving the shell to swing to switch the orientation of the spray head; like this, based on the condition of solution cavity 2, rotatory different positions and different angles wash solution cavity 2, improve the effect of washing.
The rotator 9 comprises a pushing part, a pushing gear 91 and a driven gear 92, wherein the pushing part is used for outputting a pushing force to drive the pushing gear 91 to rotate, the pushing gear 91 and the driven gear 92 are arranged correspondingly, the pushing gear 91 is used for driving the driven gear 92 to rotate, the driven gear 92 is sleeved with the spray head, and the driven gear 92 rotates to switch the direction of the spray head; in this way, power transmission is more smooth and efficient.
The pushing member is pneumatically operated, and gas is used as a medium to urge the pushing gear 91 to rotate, and the gas supply can be provided by an air compressor.
The push gear 91 has a push tooth portion and a blank portion, the driven gear 92 has a driven tooth portion, the driven tooth portion is circumferentially arranged along the circumference of the driven gear 92, the driven tooth portion is meshed with the push tooth portion, or the driven tooth portion is arranged corresponding to the blank portion, and the driven tooth portion is separated from the blank portion; thus, when the driven tooth part and the pushing tooth part are arranged in a meshed manner, the pushing gear 91 transmits power to the driven gear 92, so that the driven gear 92 is driven to rotate to drive the spray head to swing; when the pushing tooth part is separated from the driven tooth part and is correspondingly arranged with the idle part, the driven tooth part and the idle part are separately arranged, and the pushing gear 91 is arranged in an idle running manner to block the transmission of power; thus, the swinging amplitude of the spray head is small, the time interval is long, and the flushing effect on the karst cave 2 is enhanced.
The shell comprises a main shell and a spray pipe, wherein the main shell and the spray pipe are in up-down butt joint and are communicated, the lower part of the spray pipe is connected and communicated with a spray head, an ultrasonic device 8 is arranged on the main shell, the main shell is provided with a shell cavity, and the ultrasonic device 8 emits ultrasonic waves to act on water in the shell cavity; so that the ultrasonic wave emitted by the ultrasonic wave device 8 acts on the high-pressure water.
The footpath value of owner shell is greater than the footpath value of spray tube, helps strengthening the velocity of flow, improves and washes the effect.
The spray pipes are arranged obliquely along the direction from top to bottom, the spray heads are arranged at the lower parts of the spray pipes, and the spray heads spray high-pressure water along the horizontal direction; facilitating flushing towards the cavern 2.
The ultrasonic wave device 8 emits wave which exceeds the acoustic frequency of human hearing and is conducted in the liquid, and the sound wave is a longitudinal wave, so that the pressure in the liquid can be changed under the action of the longitudinal wave pushing medium to generate countless tiny vacuum bubbles, and when the bubbles are exploded under pressure, strong impact energy can be generated to break up dead corners in the karst cave 2, and the flushing effect of loose fillers in the karst cave 2 is greatly improved.
The device comprises a fixing column and a lifter, wherein the fixing column is longitudinally arranged, an ejector 7 is arranged at the lower end of the fixing column, the lifter is arranged at the fixing column, and the lifter is used for driving the ejector 7 to longitudinally reciprocate; the ejector 7 includes a position sensor for detecting the longitudinal position of the shower head; therefore, the longitudinal position of the spray head can be adjusted, and different positions can be satisfied for washing the karst cave 2.
The lower part of the spray pipe is provided with a rotating head, the spray head is provided with the rotating head, the rotating head is driven by a rotating motor to be in rotating arrangement, and the rotating head rotates to switch the spray angle of the spray head; the injector 7 includes an angle sensor for detecting the injection angle of the head; realize different angles and wash solution cavity 2, help improving and wash the effect.
The monitoring device comprises a control panel, wherein a control program is preset in the control panel, and an angle sensor and a position sensor are respectively and electrically connected with the control panel to monitor the state of the ejector 7.
And the high-pressure water is conveyed under the action of the filling pipe 3, and the subsequent concrete filling is realized.
The conveying structure comprises an air pipe, the air compressor is connected with the air pipe, and the air compressor supplies high-pressure air flow through the air pipe.
Alternatively, the air compressor realizes the supply of high-pressure air flow through the filling pipe 3.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents and improvements made within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The construction method for treating the karst cave of the bearing stratum of the pile bottom is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
(1) respectively drilling electric method holes at two sides of the pile foundation, measuring the resistivity of the karst cave in the depth range of the electric method holes by adopting an inter-hole ultrahigh density electric method, and if the resistivity is high, indicating that the karst cave is a karst cave without fillers or a karst cave; if the resistivity is low, indicating that the water-bearing filling material is a karst cave; under the condition of no karst cave of filling materials or no karst cave, verifying coring holes in the pile foundation and detecting the pile forming quality of the pile foundation; if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave without fillers, the washing is not needed, the step (4) is not executed, and if the coring hole is verified to be a karst cave without fillers, the pouring is not needed; washing the water-filled karst cave, wherein the washing is needed, and the construction is carried out according to the following steps;
(2) enlarging the coring hole to form a filling hole by using the coring hole, and then drilling to form an exhaust hole, wherein the bottom of the filling hole and the bottom of the exhaust hole are respectively communicated with the karst cave;
(3) installing a perfusion tube, wherein the inner end of the perfusion tube penetrates through the perfusion hole and extends to the karst cave, the outer end of the perfusion tube extends outwards to form an external connection part, and the external connection part is used for being in butt joint arrangement with the outside;
(4) inputting high-pressure air flow or high-pressure water through the perfusion pipe, and washing the loose filler in the karst cave; the external connection part is connected with an air compressor for conveying high-pressure airflow, then the external connection part is connected with a water supply machine for conveying high-pressure water flow, and then the karst cave is flushed by mixing airflow and water flow;
(5) the ground pump is started, and concrete is poured into the karst cave through the pouring pipe; the exhaust hole is provided with an exhaust pipe and comprises a reference device, the reference device is arranged inside the exhaust pipe, and in the step (5), the reference device is driven to move upwards in the concrete pouring process; the reference device comprises a reference frame, an inflator and an expansion piece, wherein the inflator is used for conveying airflow to the expansion piece, the expansion piece receives airflow and is in an expansion arrangement, the inflator and the expansion piece are respectively arranged on the reference frame, the reference frame is provided with a reference cavity, the reference cavity is arranged along an upward arched arc, the expansion piece is arranged in the reference cavity, when the expansion piece is in the expansion arrangement, the shape is arranged in the upward arched arc, the reference device comprises a gyroscope, the gyroscope is arranged in the middle of the reference frame, and the gyroscope is located in the middle of the expansion piece after expansion; and monitoring the concrete pouring end point by adopting an ultrahigh density resistance method.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the filling pipe is provided with an ultrasonic device for emitting ultrasonic waves, the ultrasonic device having an emitting surface through which the ultrasonic waves are emitted; the water feeder conveys a high-pressure water stream across the emitting surface; and firstly washing the karst cave by the high-pressure water flow, then starting the ultrasonic device, and washing the karst cave by combining the high-pressure water flow and the ultrasonic wave.
3. The karst cave treatment construction method for the pile bottom bearing stratum according to claim 1, characterized in that the inner end of the exhaust pipe extends to the karst cave through the pouring hole, and the outer end of the exhaust pipe extends to the outside of the exhaust hole; when the karst cave is flushed in the step (4), high-pressure gas or high-pressure liquid is discharged from the outer end of the exhaust pipe; and (5) in the concrete pouring process, referring to the discharge condition of the outer end of the exhaust pipe, and judging the pouring stopping time of the poured concrete.
4. The method for karst cave treatment and construction of the pile bottom bearing stratum according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the pouring hole is positioned in the pile foundation, and a down-the-hole hammer is used for reaming a coring hole on the pile foundation to form the pouring hole.
5. The pile bottom bearing stratum karst cave treatment construction method of any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises a reducer pipe, wherein in the step (5), the upper part of the filling pipe is connected and communicated with the lower part of the reducer pipe, and the upper part of the reducer pipe is connected and communicated with the ground pump; the diameter value of the reducer pipe is gradually reduced along the direction from the ground pump to the perfusion pipe.
6. The karst cave treatment construction method for the pile bottom bearing force layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized by comprising a relief piece, wherein the relief piece is connected with the inner end of the pouring pipe and is used for reducing the fluctuation degree of the poured concrete; the piece that reduces and to lie prostrate including reducing and to lie prostrate rope and a plurality of board that reduces, the inner that reduces to lie prostrate the rope with it is the connection and arranges to reduce to lie prostrate the outer end of board is along deviating from it is the slope to lie prostrate the rope direction and arranges, it is in to reduce to lie prostrate the cavern, in step (5), the filling tube pours concrete, and the concrete strikes each it arranges to reduce to lie prostrate the board.
7. The method for constructing the karst cave of the pile bottom bearing stratum according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises a fixing device, wherein the fixing device is connected with the pile foundation and is used for fixing the filling pipe; the top of pile foundation is exposed and is had a plurality of reinforcing bars, fixing device is including fixed cover, a plurality of fixed part and a plurality of dead lever, the both ends of dead lever are connected respectively the fixed part with fixed cover, fixed cover is used for the cover to establish fill the pipe, each the dead lever is followed the circumference of fixed cover is the interval and corresponds the arrangement, the dead lever with the fixed part is the one-to-one and arranges, the fixed part cover is established the reinforcing bar is arranged.
8. The construction method for treating the karst cave of the pile bottom bearing force layer according to any one of claims 1 to 3, which comprises a plurality of first electrode elements and a plurality of second electrode elements, wherein each first electrode element and each second electrode element are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence manner; in the step (1), two electric holes are drilled, each first electrode piece is arranged in one electric hole, the first electrode pieces are arranged in sequence at intervals, each second electrode piece is arranged in the other electric hole, and the second electrode pieces are arranged in sequence at intervals; when the power is on, the first electrode piece and the second electrode piece which are correspondingly arranged generate potential difference, and potential difference data are transmitted to the background server.
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| CN108487286B (en) * | 2018-02-06 | 2020-12-08 | 广州市市政工程设计研究总院有限公司 | Method for constructing continuous bearing stratum of ultralong rock-socketed pile in beaded karst region |
| CN109208625B (en) * | 2018-08-24 | 2019-08-30 | 广东省建筑设计研究院 | An a kind of underground pile foundation cavity reinforcement reinforcing kind mountain construction method |
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