CN113337704A - Method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field action through static magnetic field facility - Google Patents
Method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field action through static magnetic field facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN113337704A CN113337704A CN202110598281.5A CN202110598281A CN113337704A CN 113337704 A CN113337704 A CN 113337704A CN 202110598281 A CN202110598281 A CN 202110598281A CN 113337704 A CN113337704 A CN 113337704A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for realizing the action of an alternating or pulse magnetic field through a static magnetic field facility, which relates to the technical field of material processing. The problem of can not effectively be applied to the material stress and the performance regulation and control in the continuous production line with alternating or pulsed magnetic field among the prior art is solved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of material processing, in particular to a method for realizing the action of an alternating or pulse magnetic field through a static magnetic field facility, which is applied to a continuous production line.
Background
The magnetic field can regulate and control the surface stress, processing and use performance of materials, and is gradually known in the field of material processing and modification, so that the application of the magnetic field in industrial production is gradually increased. In the application process, it is found that an alternating magnetic field or a pulsed magnetic field has a better effect than a static magnetic field. However, the alternating magnetic field or the pulse magnetic field is more difficult to generate than the static magnetic field, the requirement on generating equipment is higher, the production cost is increased, and the coupling with the traditional production line is not easy.
Taking a widely used common steel rolling production line as an example, if the alternating/pulsed magnetic field generating device is directly installed on the steel rolling line, the steel plate can instantly pass through the area covered by the alternating/pulsed magnetic field generating device at a higher rolling speed, and the effective magnetic field treatment effect cannot be achieved due to the short acting time. However, if the alternating/pulsed magnetic field generating device is continuously arranged on the production line, the device is complex, the power consumption is too high, the space occupation is extremely large, and the defect that the uniform and effective treatment of the rolled steel cannot be realized still exists.
For continuous production lines with similar working conditions, fixed production equipment and high moving speed of produced materials, such as a drawing production line, a continuous extrusion production line, a continuous casting production line and the like, the same problems as those of a common steel rolling production line exist when the produced materials are subjected to magnetic field treatment, the common alternating/pulse magnetic field generating equipment cannot achieve the effect of regulating and controlling the stress state and the performance of the materials due to short acting time, and the alternating/pulse magnetic field cannot be well coupled with the existing production line, and the equipment cost is high.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a method for realizing the action of an alternating or pulse magnetic field through a static magnetic field facility, and solves the problem that the alternating or pulse magnetic field cannot be effectively applied to material stress and performance regulation and control in a continuous production line in the prior art.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the method for realizing the action of the alternating or pulse magnetic field through the static magnetic field facility is provided, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are needed by products on the production line and take time as a horizontal axis;
s2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line;
s3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field, and enabling the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line to be completely consistent with or approximate to the maximum extent of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform;
and S4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to the preset speed.
Further, the method for acquiring the waveform parameters of the original alternating or pulsed magnetic field in step S1 specifically includes:
if the alternating magnetic field with sine waveform is required by the product, the corresponding waveform parameters comprise amplitude, angular speed and duration;
if the product needs a unidirectional pulse magnetic field, the corresponding magnetic field parameters are pulse width, peak intensity, pulse interval and total pulse number.
Further, the method for adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facility in step S3 specifically includes:
obtaining the static magnetic field vector sum of a plurality of static magnetic field facilities at a space point by simulation analysis by simulation software, judging whether the magnitude and the direction of the static magnetic field vector sum are the same as or close to the maximum extent to the magnitude and the direction of a magnetic field of a reference alternating or pulse magnetic field wave at the space point,
if not, the width a of the static magnetic field facility itself, the width b of the static magnetic field generated by a single static magnetic field facility and/or the distance c between adjacent static magnetic field facilities are adjusted.
Further, the static magnetic field intensity generated by the single static magnetic field facility in the step S3 is equal to the peak intensity of the reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field waveform.
Further, in step S3, if there is an abrupt change in the reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field waveform, a magnetic shield barrier is used at a position corresponding to the static magnetic field to block the influence of the magnetic field of the adjacent static magnetic field facility.
Further, in the step S3,
if the waveform of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field is a continuous alternating magnetic field and the peak magnetic field intensity is less than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is a permanent magnet;
and if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform is a discontinuous waveform or the peak magnetic field intensity is not less than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is connected with a switch and a time controller.
Further, in step S3, the geometric center of the product on the production line is located within the magnetic field stabilization range of the static magnetic field.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the alternating or pulse magnetic field waveforms originally distributed on the time length are distributed in the length direction of the production line by ingeniously arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the production line and adjusting the magnetic field intensity and the magnetic field direction generated by each static magnetic field facility, so that the same effect of alternating or pulse magnetic field treatment on the product is achieved by matching with the movement of the product, and the material performance of the product is improved.
When products on a production line are processed by an alternating or pulsed magnetic field, the moving speed of the products is a main factor causing poor processing effect, but the moving speed of the products is a necessary condition by the method in the scheme, and the processing effect of generating the alternating or pulsed magnetic field in the static magnetic field can be realized only by the movement of the products, so that the conception is ingenious. Meanwhile, the equipment is simpler, the power consumption is low, the space occupation is small, the equipment can be well coupled with the existing production line, and the application cost is greatly saved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing arrangement of static magnetic field facilities along a production line in example 1.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing arrangement of static magnetic field facilities along a production line in example 2.
FIG. 3 is a schematic view showing arrangement of static magnetic field facilities along a production line in example 3.
Wherein, 1, copper strips; 2. rolling; 3. an N-pole permanent magnet; 4. an S pole permanent magnet; 5. a shielding plate; 6. an upper electromagnetic coil; 7. a lower electromagnetic coil.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
The method for realizing the action of the alternating or pulse magnetic field through the static magnetic field facility comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are needed by products on the production line and take time as a horizontal axis;
s2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line;
s3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field, and enabling the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line to be completely consistent with or approximate to the maximum extent of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform;
and S4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to the preset speed.
The working principle is as follows:
atoms are basic constitutional units of product materials, because atom autorotation and nuclear electron magnetic moment offset are not thorough, each metal atom has a magnetic moment of the metal atom, according to the magnetic properties (ferromagnetism, paramagnetism and diamagnetism) of different materials, the atoms in the material can deflect under the action of a magnetic field, and the microscopic collective deflection of the atoms can affect the lattice structure of the material.
Alternating magnetic fields or pulsed magnetic fields and other magnetic fields with oscillation properties can activate the movement of the microstructure of the material in the forms of magnetostriction, magnetovibration and the like, so that the stress in the material is released and homogenized through the micro deformation of unbalanced crystal lattices towards the low potential energy direction and the oscillation of the whole structure, and the fatigue life of the material is further prolonged. Meanwhile, the structure determines the performance, and the change process of the microstructure inevitably causes the change of the macroscopic performance of the material, so that the proper alternating or pulse magnetic field treatment process can effectively adjust the service performance of the material. The material is moved at high speed, and the static magnetic fields with different strengths and directions generated by a plurality of static magnetic field facilities distributed along the production line according to the waveform and the waveform parameters of the alternating or pulse magnetic field can also change the material crystal lattices and vibrate according to a certain frequency, so that the same effect can be achieved as long as the magnetic field impact on the material in the same time is the same, no matter the invention uses the alternating/pulse magnetic field effect generated by the static magnetic field facilities or the traditional alternating/pulse magnetic field.
The technical solution in the present application is further described by the following specific examples:
example 1
Taking a copper strip rolling production line as an example, the continuous rolling speed of the copper strip 1 is known to be 100m/s, and the speed cannot be adjusted; the purpose of the magnetic field treatment is to reduce and homogenize the stress of the rolled copper strip and reduce the difficulty of the strip shape adjustment.
S1, acquiring original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are needed by the product on the production line and take time as a horizontal axis. Specifically, according to theoretical derivation and combined with experimental production experience, the required magnetic field waveform is a unidirectional pulse magnetic field waveform, wherein the waveform parameters are as follows: the peak magnetic field strength was 0.5T, the pulse width was about 5. mu.s, the pulse interval was about 25. mu.s, and the total number of pulses was 20.
And S2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line. Specifically, the continuous rolling speed of the copper strip is 100m/s, namely the movement distance of 1 μ s at any position of the copper strip is 0.1m, so that the pulse magnetic field treatment effect with the pulse width of about 5 μ s is required to be obtained, the magnetic field strength in the width range of 0.5m in the length direction of the production line is 0.5T, namely a pulse with the pulse width of about 5 μ s and the magnetic field strength of 0.5T of the original pulse magnetic field waveform corresponds to the magnetic field strength of 0.5m and 0.5T on the production line; the magnetic pulse spacing of the original pulsed magnetic field was 25 μ s, corresponding to a spacing of 2.5m on the production line. Therefore, the obtained reference pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters are as follows: the peak magnetic field intensity is 0.5T, the pulse width is 0.5m, the pulse interval is 2.5m, and the total number of pulses is 20.
And S3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, and adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field to ensure that the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line is completely consistent with or is approximate to the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform to the maximum extent.
The method specifically comprises the following steps: both permanent magnets and electromagnets can be achieved due to the peak field strength of 0.5T < 1T. And if the pulse magnetic field processing technology is not changed in the later period, a permanent magnet with lower cost is selected to construct the static magnetic field. If the pulse magnetic field treatment process is possibly changed at the later stage, an electromagnet with higher parameter adjustability is selected to construct the static magnetic field. In the embodiment, a permanent magnet is selected to construct a static magnetic field.
The pulse width of the reference pulse magnetic field is 0.5m, and the width b of the magnetic field generated by a single group of static magnetic field facilities is 0.5 m; if the pulse interval is 2.5m, the distance c between the edges of the static magnetic fields generated by adjacent static magnetic field facilities needs to be 2.5 m; since the number of magnetic pulses is 20, 20 sets of static magnetic field facilities are required, as shown in fig. 1.
The specific method for arranging the static magnetic field facilities comprises the following steps: use a N utmost point permanent magnet 3 and a S utmost point permanent magnet 4 relative interval certain distance setting respectively, form a set of static magnetic field facility, interval h between N utmost point permanent magnet 3 and the S utmost point permanent magnet 4 will be as little as possible under the prerequisite of guaranteeing can not leading to the fact the interference to smooth and easy passing through of rolling copper strips to reduce equipment load, this embodiment adopts h 0.3 m. The other 19 sets of static magnetic field facilities are arranged in the same manner. Because the required pulse magnetic field is a unidirectional pulse magnetic field, the static magnetic field facilities are arranged in the same direction, and the directions of the static magnetic fields generated by the static magnetic field facilities are the same.
Because the pulse interval is 2.5m, a zero magnetic field area with the width of 2.5m is needed between two adjacent pulses, a magnetic shielding baffle plate needs to be arranged for magnetic shielding, and the magnetic field intensity of an area without a magnetic field is reduced as much as possible. In the present embodiment, silicon steel plates with high magnetic permeability are used as the shield plates 5 and installed on both sides of each set of static magnetic field facilities, and the static magnetic field generated by each static magnetic field facility is bundled in a region with a width of 0.5 m.
Determining static magnetic field facility installation position: the purpose of the pulsed magnetic field treatment is to reduce and homogenize rolling stress so as to improve subsequent plate shape finishing efficiency and effect. Therefore, 20 static magnetic field facilities and the related facilities serving these 20 static magnetic field facilities are installed in the portion of copper strip 1 where the rolling reduction is completed, that is, in the line following roll 2. During installation, the copper strip is determined to be in the magnetic field stable region of each group of static magnetic field facilities, and the copper strip 1 is positioned in the middle of each group of static magnetic field facilities in the embodiment.
And S4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to the preset speed. Specifically, the copper strip rolling production line is enabled to start to produce the copper strip at the speed of 100m/s, and the pulsed magnetic field treatment work of the copper strip can be completed during production.
Example 2
Taking a hard alloy cutter production line as an example, the speed of conveying products by the production line can be adjusted according to needs. The magnetic field treatment aims to realize the batch pulse magnetic field treatment of the hard alloy cutter, thereby improving the cutting performance and the service life of the hard alloy cutter. (all differences from example 1 are described in the following description, and other equivalents will be recognized by those skilled in the art by routine techniques.)
According to theoretical derivation and combined with experimental production experience, the required magnetic field waveform is a unidirectional pulse magnetic field waveform, wherein waveform parameters are as follows: the peak magnetic field strength is 1.5T, the pulse width is about 2 mus, the pulse interval is about 10 mus, and the total number of pulses is 5.
The difference between this embodiment and embodiment 1 is that the peak magnetic field strength is 1.5T, which is difficult to be achieved by a permanent magnet, and therefore an electromagnetic coil is selected as a static magnetic field facility. The method is characterized in that an upper electromagnetic coil 6 and a lower electromagnetic coil 7 are paired to form a group of static magnetic field facilities, and a static magnetic field is generated on a continuous production line by inputting direct current. The distance h between the upper and lower electromagnetic coils 6 and 7 is determined so as to allow the continuous production line to pass smoothly, and if the space for installing the static magnetic field facility around the continuous production line is insufficient, only the upper electromagnetic coil 6 or the lower electromagnetic coil 7 may be installed.
Because the conveying speed of the hard alloy cutter production line can be adjusted, the width b of the magnetic field generated by a single group of static magnetic field facilities can be reasonably set according to the manufacturing difficulty of the current static magnetic field facilities, and b is selected to be 0.2m in the embodiment. Since the pulse width of the original pulse magnetic field is 2 μ s, the cemented carbide tool needs to move 0.2m within 2 μ s, i.e., the moving speed v is 100m/s, and the pulse interval is 10 μ s, so that the distance c between the edges of the static magnetic fields generated by the adjacent static magnetic field facilities needs to be set to 1m, and 5 sets of static magnetic field facilities are needed in total. As shown in fig. 2.
The conveyor belt carrying a plurality of hard alloy cutters passes through the static magnetic field coverage area at the speed of 100m/s, and the pulse magnetic field treatment work of the hard alloy cutters can be completed in batches.
The rest is the same as in example 1.
For the bidirectional pulse magnetic field, the magnetic field direction of the static magnetic field facility at the corresponding position can be adjusted.
Example 3
Taking a titanium alloy blade production line as an example, the conveying speed of the production line can be adjusted; the magnetic field treatment aims at adjusting the microstructure of the part, optimizing the processing stress state and prolonging the fatigue life of the titanium alloy blade. (all differences from example 1 are described in the following description, and other equivalents will be recognized by those skilled in the art by routine techniques.)
According to the existing magnetic field treatment process, one of the magnetic fields which can be used for improving the fatigue life of the titanium alloy blade is an alternating magnetic field with a sine waveform, wherein the waveform parameters are as follows: peak field strength (amplitude) 1.5T, frequency 50Hz, no duty cycle, duration 1 s.
The peak magnetic field intensity is 1.5T, an electromagnetic coil is selected as a static magnetic field facility, an upper electromagnetic coil and a lower electromagnetic coil form a group of static magnetic field facilities, and the static magnetic field is generated on a continuous production line by inputting direct current.
Because the conveying speed of the titanium alloy blade production line is adjustable, and the alternating magnetic field with sine wave shape needs to have continuous intensity change along the continuous production line direction, the magnetic field intensity and the attenuation of the magnetic field radiation received by the titanium alloy blade along the production line direction need to be comprehensively considered, and the simulation analysis can be performed by computer software, such as comsol or ANSYS, and the magnetic field width b generated by a single group of static magnetic field facilities is 0.1m through the ANSYS software simulation analysis in the embodiment.
In order to ensure that the sine wave shape acts on the titanium alloy blade well, the titanium alloy blade needs to be placed in the center of the magnetic field after the static magnetic field facility is integrally installed, so that the distance h between the upper electromagnetic coil and the lower electromagnetic coil needs to be set to ensure that the magnetic field intensity received by the titanium alloy blade is 1.5T, and h is preferably 0.4m in the embodiment.
Since the required pulsed magnetic field is an alternating magnetic field, it is necessary to arrange adjacent sets of static magnetic field facilities so as to intersect the direction of the generated magnetic field, that is, to make the directions of the magnetic fields generated by the adjacent static magnetic field facilities opposite.
In order to ensure that the magnetic field simulated by the static magnetic field facility has a sine wave shape, the attenuation or increase of the strength of the comprehensive magnetic field in the continuous production line direction needs to have continuity, the adjacent static magnetic fields in opposite directions are well connected, and the simulation modeling can be performed by computer software, and the distance c between the edges of the static magnetic fields generated by the adjacent static magnetic field facilities is determined to be 0.2 m.
Since the required alternating magnetic field frequency is 50Hz and the processing time is 1s, a single blade needs to continuously receive the radiation of the alternating magnetic field for 50 cycles, and 100 sets of static magnetic field facilities are needed.
Since the required alternating magnetic field is a continuous magnetic field and a continuous static magnetic field having different degrees of attenuation of the magnetic field intensity is required in the continuous production line direction, it is not necessary to provide a magnetic conductor as a shield plate for shielding.
In the embodiment, the conveyor belt is made of non-magnetic conducting materials and plastics which do not influence the static magnetic field distribution, and the titanium alloy blade is conveyed by the conveyor belt. Therefore, the static magnetic field facilities are installed to contain the production line in the magnetic field and ensure that the hard alloy cutters are positioned at the center of each group of static magnetic field facilities. As shown in fig. 3.
The pulse magnetic field treatment work of the titanium alloy blades can be completed in batch by allowing the conveyor belt carrying a plurality of titanium alloy blades to pass through the static magnetic field coverage area at the speed of 15 m/s.
For other alternating magnetic fields, such as waveforms in the form of sawtooth waves, spikes, etc., the embodiment is the same as sinusoidal waveforms.
Claims (7)
1. A method for realizing alternating or pulse magnetic field action through static magnetic field facilities is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, acquiring original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters which are needed by products on the production line and take time as a horizontal axis;
s2, converting the original alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters into reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform and waveform parameters distributed along the length direction of the production line according to the conveying speed of the production line;
s3, arranging a plurality of static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line, adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facilities according to the waveform parameters of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field, and enabling the static magnetic field waveform generated by the static magnetic field facilities along the length direction of the production line to be completely consistent with or approximate to the maximum extent of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform;
and S4, controlling the product to pass through the production line according to the preset speed.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method of obtaining the waveform parameters of the original alternating or pulsed magnetic field in step S1 is specifically as follows:
if the alternating magnetic field with sine waveform is required by the product, the corresponding waveform parameters comprise amplitude, angular speed and duration;
if the product needs a pulse magnetic field, the corresponding magnetic field parameters are pulse width, peak intensity, pulse interval and total pulse number.
3. The method for realizing an alternating or pulsed magnetic field effect by a static magnetic field facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the method for adjusting the magnetic field parameters of the static magnetic field facility in step S3 is specifically:
obtaining the static magnetic field vector sum of a plurality of static magnetic field facilities at a space point by simulation analysis by simulation software, judging whether the magnitude and the direction of the static magnetic field vector sum are the same as or close to the maximum extent to the magnitude and the direction of a magnetic field of a reference alternating or pulse magnetic field wave at the space point,
if not, the width a of the static magnetic field facility itself, the width b of the static magnetic field generated by a single static magnetic field facility and/or the distance c between adjacent static magnetic field facilities are adjusted.
4. The method of effecting an alternating or pulsed magnetic field by a static magnetic field facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the static magnetic field intensity generated by the static magnetic field facility alone in the step S3 is equal to the peak intensity of the waveform of the reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field.
5. The method of claim 1, wherein if the reference alternating or pulsed magnetic field waveform has an abrupt waveform in step S3, magnetic shielding barriers are used at the corresponding position of the static magnetic field to block the magnetic field effect of the adjacent static magnetic field facilities.
6. The method for effecting an alternating or pulsed magnetic field by a static magnetic field facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein in said step S3,
if the waveform of the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field is a continuous alternating magnetic field and the peak magnetic field intensity is less than 1T, the static magnetic field facility can be a permanent magnet;
and if the reference alternating or pulse magnetic field waveform is a discontinuous waveform or the peak magnetic field intensity is not less than 1T, the static magnetic field facility is an electromagnet, and the electromagnet is connected with a switch and a time controller.
7. The method for effecting an alternating or pulsed magnetic field with a static magnetic field facility as claimed in claim 1, wherein the geometric center of the product on the production line is located within the magnetic field stabilizing range of the static magnetic field in said step S3.
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| CN115491623A (en) * | 2022-09-19 | 2022-12-20 | 四川大学 | Oxygen-free copper residual stress regulation and control method based on external field treatment |
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