CN113333153B - Ore dressing method for fine-grained chalcopyrite in plateau area - Google Patents
Ore dressing method for fine-grained chalcopyrite in plateau area Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a beneficiation method for fine-grained embedded copper mine in a plateau area, which comprises a semi-self-grinding dosing grinding, slurry pumping pool dosing and slurry mixing, ore pulp classification and grinding classification system of a ball mill grinding, and a first copper concentrate obtained by primary roughing, tertiary scavenging and optimal flotation and selection, a second copper concentrate obtained by regrinding and classification of optimal flotation tailings, copper-sulfur separation and selection, and a second copper concentrate obtained by separation scavenging and separation of the scavenger tailings and a return roughing. The invention optimizes the addition point of the flotation agent and develops a novel copper mineral collector, optimizes the flotation process flow, has good operability, can improve the grade of copper concentrate and the metal recovery rate of copper and associated element gold and silver in the copper concentrate, greatly releases the productivity of copper concentration operation, improves the production and operation benefits of the mine, provides reference for the development of the same type of mine, and is particularly suitable for treating the skarn type copper mine embedded with fine particles in the plateau region.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, in particular to a mineral separation method of fine-grained chalcopyrite in a plateau region.
Background
Copper metal is a basic resource for global economy and social development for a long time, and China is a country with high copper metal consumption, and has extremely high dependency on foreign copper resources. Copper metal-bearing minerals are copper sulfide ores, copper oxide ores and sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ores, the copper sulfide ores have good floatability, and are recovered by a flotation method, but high-precision flotation separation of the copper metal-bearing minerals from pyrite or other sulfide ores is difficult. The recovery of oxidized ore has two methods of sulfuration-conventional floatation or wet leaching, proper technology is selected according to the type of oxidized ore, the high recovery rate of high copper oxide ore is difficult to obtain by adopting floatation technology, and the wet copper leaching technology is most widely used in production. The sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore is treated by a flotation method or a wet method according to the oxidation rate of copper.
Aiming at the sulfur-oxygen mixed copper ore which mainly uses copper sulfide ore, the technology of adopting sodium sulfide activation and sulfide ore collector to recover the water is mature and easy to operate. However, more copper minerals are excessively ground in one-stage grinding, so that the floating of target copper minerals is reduced, and the grinding energy consumption cost is greatly increased. Stage grinding stage selection process research aims at reducing coarse grinding cost, and research on a quick flotation process can also reduce overgrinding of dissociated target minerals. The flotation process needs to add a plurality of agents such as a regulator, a collector and the like, the synergistic reaction among the agents is not very clear, and the reasonable flotation agent adding sequence and action time research has great significance. In addition, copper sulfide minerals and pyrite have similar floatability, the selectivity of xanthate collectors is poor, gradient separation and recovery are difficult, and therefore, the green and clean high-selectivity collectors are developed, the hydrophobicity difference of the copper sulfide minerals and the pyrite is improved, and the quality of concentrate products is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a beneficiation method for fine-grained copper-embedded ores in plateau areas.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a beneficiation method for fine-grained chalcopyrite in a plateau region comprises the following steps:
s1, semi-self grinding: carrying out semi-self-grinding on raw ore, screening the obtained semi-self-grinding ore product by a cylindrical vibrating screen to obtain oversize refractory stones and undersize ore pulp, returning the oversize refractory stones to the semi-self-grinding ore by a belt, and feeding the undersize ore pulp into a slag slurry tank, wherein 2kg of lime is added into each ton of raw ore dry ore in the semi-self-grinding ore, and the pH value of the grinding ore pulp is kept to be 9;
s2, grinding and grading by a ball mill: pumping ore pulp in a slag pulp pool to a high-level hydrocyclone, enabling overflow products of the high-level hydrocyclone to enter flotation, and enabling sand setting of the high-level hydrocyclone to automatically flow to a ball mill for grinding; adding sodium fluosilicate into a ball mill, discharging the ball mill into a slag slurry tank, and adding butyl xanthate and JL-101 into the slag slurry tank;
s3, floatation: the overflow product of the high-order hydrocyclone obtained in the step S2 enters a stirring barrel to be stirred, and collecting agent butyl xanthate, JL-101 and foaming agent 2# oil are added into the stirring barrel;
the stirred ore pulp enters copper flotation, roughing operation is carried out first, the obtained roughing concentrate enters copper optimal flotation and selection, and the obtained roughing tailings are added with a collector and No. 2 oil and then enter scavenging operation; the foam concentrate obtained in the scavenging operation enters a foam pool, sodium sulfide is added into the foam pool, and ore pulp in the foam pool is returned to a stirring barrel; adding a collector and No. 2 oil into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation, then entering a scavenging operation, returning concentrate obtained in the scavenging operation to the scavenging operation, and entering a scavenging operation after adding the collector into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation; the foam concentrate obtained in the scavenging operation three enters an intermediate box, sodium sulfide is added, and then the foam concentrate returns to the scavenging operation two, and the scavenging operation three tailings are used as final tailings for tailing discarding;
s4, copper optimal flotation selection operation: performing copper superior flotation and selection operation on roughing concentrate obtained in the step S3, adding lime, performing superior flotation and selection to obtain a copper concentrate product I, adding lime into superior flotation and selection tailings, and then, entering a two-stage hydrocyclone for classification;
s5, regrinding and grading operation: the overflow of the second-stage hydrocyclone enters copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, the sand setting of the second-stage hydrocyclone enters the second-stage ball mill for regrinding, and the discharge of the second-stage ball mill returns to the classification of the second-stage hydrocyclone to form an ore grinding classification closed-loop system;
s6, copper-sulfur separation roughing operation: step S5, overflowing the two-stage hydrocyclone into another stirring barrel to adjust ore pulp, wherein water glass and a collecting agent are added into the other stirring barrel; the ore pulp discharged by the other stirring barrel enters copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, concentrate obtained by the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation enters separation concentration operation, and the obtained tailings enter separation scavenging operation;
s7, separating and selecting operation: in the step S6, separating and concentrating the concentrate obtained in the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, wherein lime is added according to the amount of 200g of lime added per ton of dry ore weight of crude ore; the concentrate obtained in the first separation and concentration operation enters a second separation and concentration operation, and tailings obtained in the first separation and concentration operation are returned to the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation; lime is added according to the amount of lime of 100g added in each ton of dry ore weight of crude ore in the second separating and selecting operation, copper concentrate products II are produced in the second separating and selecting operation, and tailings obtained in the second separating and selecting operation are returned to the first selecting operation;
separating and scavenging operation: adding JL-101 into tailings obtained in the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation in the step S6 according to the dosage of adding JL-101 5g per ton of dry ore weight of crude ore, entering a separation scavenging operation, returning concentrate obtained in the separation scavenging operation to the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, and entering a separation scavenging operation two from tailings obtained in the separation scavenging operation; and in the second separation and scavenging operation, JL-101 is added according to the amount of JL-101 5g added per ton of dry ore weight of the crude ore, the concentrate obtained in the second separation and scavenging operation is returned to the first separation and scavenging operation, and the tailings obtained in the second separation and scavenging operation are returned to the roughing operation in the step S3.
Further, in the step S2, the consumption of sodium fluosilicate is 800g/t, the consumption of butyl xanthate is 50g/t, the consumption of JL-101 is 10g/t, and the overflow granularity of the high-order hydrocyclone is-0.075 mm accounting for 70 percent according to the weight of dry ore of each ton of crude ore.
Further, in the step S3, the butyl xanthate is added into a stirring barrel according to the weight of dry ore of each ton of crude ore, the JL-101 is 10g/t, and the foaming agent 2# oil is 40g/t.
Further, in the step S3, the amount of sodium sulfide added into the foam pool is 200g/t and the amount of sodium sulfide added into the middle box is 100g/t according to the weight of each ton of dry ore of the crude ore; adding 50g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate and 20g/t of No. 2 oil into roughing tailings obtained in roughing operation; adding 30g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate and 10g/t of No. 2 oil into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation; and adding a collecting agent which is butyl xanthate into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation two, wherein the dosage is 20g/t.
Further, in step S4, the amount of lime added in the copper flotation concentrating operation is 800g/t, and the pH value of the ore pulp is=11, based on the dry ore weight of each ton of the raw ore.
Further, in the step S6, the water glass is used in an amount of 100g/t, the collector is JL-101, and the water glass is used in an amount of 5g/t based on the dry ore weight of each ton of raw ore.
Further, in the step S4, the lime addition amount of the flotation tailings is 500g/t according to the weight of each ton of dry ore of the raw ore, and the pH value of ore pulp is 11.5.
Further, the JL-101 is formed from a thionocarbamate: modified phosphinic acid: methyl isobutyl carbinol: primary alkyl alcohol: the isopropanol is synthesized by reacting for 8 hours in a reaction kettle at 50 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 3:1:2:2:1; the modified hypophosphorous acid is obtained by reacting organic hypophosphorous acid, aluminum hydroxide and glacial acetic acid in a mass ratio of 7:1:2 in a reaction kettle at 60 ℃ for 24 hours.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) The invention develops the high-selectivity cleaning collector JL-101, which enlarges the hydrophobic difference between copper minerals and pyrite, can strengthen the recovery of fine-fraction copper sulfide ores, improves flotation mineralization foam, ensures that the flotation foam is more crisp, reduces the inclusion of mud gangue, and finally reduces the content of pyrite, feldspar, chlorite and other gangue minerals in copper concentrate, thereby improving the concentrate quality.
(2) In the invention, four flotation agents of lime, sodium fluosilicate, sodium sulfide and a collector are added in sections and in sequence in a grinding, classifying and flotation system, the action time difference and the action time of the agents are precisely controlled, and the synergistic effect between the flotation agents is avoided so as to weaken the effect of the agents.
(3) According to the invention, copper rough concentrate directly enters the preferential flotation operation to produce a contract copper concentrate product, copper minerals with high dissociation degree are preferentially recovered, the treatment capacity of a concentrating system can be improved, the loss of floating copper oxide minerals after regrinding can be prevented, and the regrinding phenomenon of dissociated monomers after regrinding can be reduced.
(4) According to the invention, the cross-operation return of the fine scavenging tailings to roughing is provided, and the loss of copper and gold and silver minerals caused by direct tailing discarding of the fine scavenging tailings is reduced.
(5) The invention provides the beneficiation method for the fine-grained copper-embedded ore in the plateau areas, which has the advantages of high efficiency, high separation efficiency, strong pertinence, strong operability and good separation index, and can provide reference for comprehensive recovery of the resources of the copper polymetallic ore.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic flow chart of embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it should be noted that, while the present embodiment provides a detailed implementation and a specific operation process on the premise of the present technical solution, the protection scope of the present invention is not limited to the present embodiment.
Example 1
The ore selected in this example is Tibet certain skarn type copper ore, the raw ore contains copper 0.87%, copper oxidation rate 24.48%, gold 0.30g/t and silver 11.03g/t. The main metal minerals in the ore are chalcopyrite and pyrite, a small amount of bornite, molybdenite, trace tetrahedrite and blue chalcocite, and the gangue minerals are mainly lime garnet, chloranite, quartz and the like. Under the condition that the coarse grinding granularity is-0.075 mm and accounts for 70%, the dissociation degree of the monomer of the copper sulfide mineral is only 75.10%, the ratio of the rich bodies is 12.36%, the embedding of part of copper minerals is finer, and copper minerals are not fully dissociated at the current fineness.
The embodiment provides a beneficiation method for fine-grained chalcopyrite in a plateau region, which is used for beneficiating the copper ores and comprises the following steps of:
s1, semi-self grinding: grinding raw ore with granularity of-120 mm by semi-self-grinding, sieving the semi-self-grinding product by a 30 x 40mm cylinder vibrating screen to obtain oversize refractory stones and undersize ore pulp, returning the oversize refractory stones to the semi-self-grinding through a belt, enabling the undersize ore pulp to enter a slag pulp tank, adding lime at an amount of 2kg/t at a semi-self-grinding feeding port, and enabling the pH value of the grinding ore pulp to be=9; lime is diluted to 20% by mass concentration and added.
S2, grinding and grading by a ball mill: pumping ore pulp in a slag pulp pool to a high-position hydrocyclone, enabling overflow products of the hydrocyclone to enter a flotation system, enabling the granularity of overflow raw ore to be-0.075 mm and the mass concentration of overflow ore pulp to be 34.50%, enabling sand setting of the hydrocyclone to automatically flow to a ball mill for grinding, adding 800g/t of sodium fluosilicate into the sand setting (feeding of the ball mill) of the hydrocyclone, and adding 50g/t of butyl xanthate and 10g/t of JL-101 into the slag pulp pump pool;
in the example, the collector JL-101 is formed by reacting thionocarbamate, modified phosphinic acid, methyl isobutyl carbinol, primary alkyl alcohol and isopropanol in a mass ratio of 3:1:2:2:1 in a reaction kettle at 50 ℃ for 8 hours. The modified hypophosphorous acid is obtained by reacting organic hypophosphorous acid, aluminum hydroxide and glacial acetic acid in a mass ratio of 7:1:2 in a reaction kettle at 60 ℃ for 24 hours.
S3, floatation: the overflow product in the step S2 enters a stirring barrel for stirring, 40g/t of butyl xanthate and 10g/t of JL-101 dosage are added into the stirring barrel, and 40g/t of foaming agent No. 2 oil are added into the stirring barrel;
the stirred ore pulp enters a copper flotation system, roughing operation is firstly carried out, roughing concentrate enters copper optimal flotation selection, roughing tailings enter scavenging operation, scavenging tailings add 50g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate and 20g/t of No. 2 oil, scavenging foam concentrate enters a foam pool, after 200g/t of sodium sulfide is added in the foam pool, ore pulp returns to a first stirring barrel, scavenging tailings enter scavenging operation, scavenging tailings add 30g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate and 10g/t of No. 2 oil, scavenging tailings return to scavenging operation, scavenging tailings enter scavenging operation, and scavenging tailings add 20g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate. The scavenging three-foam concentrate enters an intermediate box, after 100g/t of sodium sulfide is added into the intermediate box, ore pulp is returned to scavenging two operations, and scavenging three tailings are used as final tailings for tailing disposal;
s4, copper optimal flotation selection operation: the roughing concentrate obtained in the roughing operation in the step S3 enters copper optimal flotation and selection operation, 800g/t of lime is added, the pH value of ore pulp is 11, copper optimal flotation and selection are carried out to produce a copper concentrate product I, and copper optimal flotation and selection tailings enter a two-stage hydrocyclone after 500g/t of lime and pH=11.5 are added;
s5, regrinding and grading operation: the overflow of the second-stage hydrocyclone enters a copper concentration system to carry out copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, the overflow fineness is-0.038 mm and accounts for 78%, the mass concentration is 27.41%, the sand setting of the second-stage hydrocyclone enters a second-stage ball mill to be ground, and the discharge of the ball mill returns to the classification of the second-stage hydrocyclone to form an ore grinding classification closed-loop system;
s6, copper-sulfur separation roughing operation: the second-stage hydrocyclone overflows into another stirring barrel to adjust ore pulp, ore pulp discharged from the other stirring barrel enters copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, water glass 100g/t and JL-101 dosage 5g/t are added into the other stirring barrel, copper-sulfur separation roughing and selection enter selection operation, and copper-sulfur separation roughing tailings enter fine scavenging operation;
s7, separating and concentrating copper-sulfur separating and roughing concentrate in a first separating and concentrating operation, wherein 200g/t of lime is added in a first separating and concentrating flotation tank, the first separating and concentrating concentrate enters a second separating and concentrating operation, the first separating and concentrating tailings return to the copper-sulfur separating and roughing operation, 100g/t of lime is added in the second separating and concentrating operation, a copper concentrate product II is produced in the second separating and concentrating operation, and the second separating and concentrating tailings return to the first separating and concentrating operation;
separating and scavenging operation: the copper-sulfur separation roughing tailings enter a separation scavenging operation, JL-101 is added into the copper-sulfur separation roughing tailings, the separation scavenging primary concentrate returns to a copper-sulfur separation roughing operation pulp suction tank, the separation scavenging primary tailings enter a separation scavenging secondary operation, the separation scavenging primary tailings are added with JL-101, the JL-101 is added into the separation scavenging primary tailings, the separation scavenging secondary concentrate returns to the separation scavenging primary operation pulp suction tank, and the fine scavenging secondary tailings cross operation returns to the roughing operation in the step S3.
Comparative example 1
For the same copper ore, butyl xanthate is adopted as a collecting agent, raw ore is ground until the raw ore is 70 percent accounting for minus 0.075mm, a flotation agent is added into a stirring barrel, and the flotation process flows of primary roughing, tertiary scavenging and tailing discarding, regrinding and concentrating rough concentrate are carried out, secondary tailing discarding is carried out on the fine scavenging tailings, the flotation middlings are sequentially returned to the previous flotation operation, and the flotation machines are all inflatable flotation machines.
Table 1 is a comparative table of process metrics for example 1 and comparative example 1.
TABLE 1
Various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art in light of the foregoing teachings and are intended to be included within the scope of the following claims.
Claims (7)
1. The beneficiation method for the fine-grained chalcopyrite in the plateau area is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
s1, semi-self grinding: carrying out semi-self-grinding on raw ore, screening the obtained semi-self-grinding ore product by a cylindrical vibrating screen to obtain oversize refractory stones and undersize ore pulp, returning the oversize refractory stones to the semi-self-grinding ore by a belt, and feeding the undersize ore pulp into a slag slurry tank, wherein 2kg of lime is added into each ton of raw ore dry ore in the semi-self-grinding ore, and the pH value of the grinding ore pulp is kept to be 9;
s2, grinding and grading by a ball mill: pumping ore pulp in a slag pulp pool to a high-level hydrocyclone, enabling overflow products of the high-level hydrocyclone to enter flotation, and enabling sand setting of the high-level hydrocyclone to automatically flow to a ball mill for grinding; adding sodium fluosilicate into a ball mill, discharging the ball mill into a slag slurry tank, and adding butyl xanthate and JL-101 into the slag slurry tank; the JL-101 is formed by a thiocarbamate: modified hypophosphorous acid: methyl isobutyl carbinol: primary alkyl alcohol: the isopropanol is synthesized by reacting for 8 hours in a reaction kettle at 50 ℃ according to the mass ratio of 3:1:2:2:1; the modified hypophosphorous acid is obtained by reacting organic hypophosphorous acid, aluminum hydroxide and glacial acetic acid in a mass ratio of 7:1:2 in a reaction kettle at 60 ℃ for 24 hours;
s3, floatation: the overflow product of the high-order hydrocyclone obtained in the step S2 enters a stirring barrel to be stirred, and collecting agent butyl xanthate, JL-101 and foaming agent 2# oil are added into the stirring barrel;
the stirred ore pulp enters copper flotation, roughing operation is carried out first, the obtained roughing concentrate enters copper optimal flotation and selection, and the obtained roughing tailings are added with a collector and No. 2 oil and then enter scavenging operation; the foam concentrate obtained in the scavenging operation enters a foam pool, sodium sulfide is added into the foam pool, and ore pulp in the foam pool is returned to a stirring barrel; adding a collector and No. 2 oil into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation, then entering a scavenging operation, returning concentrate obtained in the scavenging operation to the scavenging operation, and entering a scavenging operation after adding the collector into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation; the foam concentrate obtained in the scavenging operation three enters an intermediate box, sodium sulfide is added, and then the foam concentrate returns to the scavenging operation two, and the scavenging operation three tailings are used as final tailings for tailing discarding;
s4, copper optimal flotation selection operation: performing copper superior flotation and selection operation on roughing concentrate obtained in the step S3, adding lime, performing superior flotation and selection to obtain a copper concentrate product I, adding lime into superior flotation and selection tailings, and then, entering a two-stage hydrocyclone for classification;
s5, regrinding and grading operation: the overflow of the second-stage hydrocyclone enters copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, the sand setting of the second-stage hydrocyclone enters the second-stage ball mill for regrinding, and the discharge of the second-stage ball mill returns to the classification of the second-stage hydrocyclone to form an ore grinding classification closed-loop system;
s6, copper-sulfur separation roughing operation: step S5, overflowing the two-stage hydrocyclone into another stirring barrel to adjust ore pulp, wherein water glass and a collecting agent are added into the other stirring barrel; the ore pulp discharged by the other stirring barrel enters copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, concentrate obtained by the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation enters separation concentration operation, and the obtained tailings enter separation scavenging operation;
s7, separating and selecting operation: in the step S6, separating and concentrating the concentrate obtained in the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, wherein lime is added according to the dosage of 200g of lime added to each ton of crude ore dry ore; the concentrate obtained in the first separation and concentration operation enters a second separation and concentration operation, and tailings obtained in the first separation and concentration operation are returned to the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation; lime is added according to the amount of lime added by 100g per ton of raw ore dry ore in the second separating and selecting operation, copper concentrate products II are produced in the second separating and selecting operation, and tailings obtained in the second separating and selecting operation are returned to the first separating and selecting operation;
separating and scavenging operation: adding JL-101 into tailings obtained in the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation in the step S6 according to the dosage of adding JL-101 5g per ton of crude ore dry ore, entering a separation scavenging operation, returning concentrate obtained in the separation scavenging operation to the copper-sulfur separation roughing operation, and entering a separation scavenging operation of tailings obtained in the separation scavenging operation; and in the second separation and scavenging operation, JL-101 is added according to the dosage of adding JL-101 g per ton of raw ore dry ore, concentrate obtained in the second separation and scavenging operation is returned to the first separation and scavenging operation, and tailings obtained in the second separation and scavenging operation are returned to the roughing operation in the step S3.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S2, the sodium fluosilicate is used in an amount of 800g/t, the butyl xanthate is used in an amount of 50g/t, the JL-101 is used in an amount of 10g/t, and the overflow granularity of the high-order hydrocyclone is-0.075 mm accounting for 70% based on the weight of dry ore of each ton of raw ore.
3. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, butyl xanthate is added into the stirring barrel in an amount of 40g/t, JL-101 is added in an amount of 10g/t and foaming agent 2# oil is added in an amount of 40g/t according to the weight of dry ore of each ton of crude ore.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S3, the amount of sodium sulfide added to the foam pond is 200g/t and the amount of sodium sulfide added to the intermediate box is 100g/t based on the dry ore weight of each ton of the raw ore; adding 50g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate and 20g/t of No. 2 oil into roughing tailings obtained in roughing operation; adding 30g/t of collecting agent butyl xanthate and 10g/t of No. 2 oil into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation; and adding a collecting agent which is butyl xanthate into tailings obtained in the scavenging operation two, wherein the dosage is 20g/t.
5. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the amount of lime added in the copper flotation process is 800g/t per ton of dry ore weight of the raw ore, and the slurry ph=11.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the amount of water glass is 100g/t, the amount of collector is JL-101, and the amount is 5g/t, based on the dry ore weight of each ton of raw ore.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the step S4, the lime is added to the tailings of the flotation concentrate in an amount of 500g/t and the pH value of the slurry is 11.5, based on the dry ore weight of each ton of the raw ore.
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| CN113102114A (en) * | 2019-04-27 | 2021-07-13 | 烟台市牟金矿业有限公司 | Efficient collecting agent for high-sulfur-content fine-fraction gold ore flotation |
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