CN113328106A - Fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method and application thereof - Google Patents

Fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method and application thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113328106A
CN113328106A CN202110612623.4A CN202110612623A CN113328106A CN 113328106 A CN113328106 A CN 113328106A CN 202110612623 A CN202110612623 A CN 202110612623A CN 113328106 A CN113328106 A CN 113328106A
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cathode
catalyst slurry
anode
coating
fuel cell
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CN113328106B (en
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袁超
秦锦程
宁景霞
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Changzhou Yong'anxing Hydrogen Energy Technology Co ltd
Youon Technology Co Ltd
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Yong'an Hang Changzhou Hydrogen Power Technology Co ltd
Youon Technology Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/8807—Gas diffusion layers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8803—Supports for the deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/881—Electrolytic membranes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/88—Processes of manufacture
    • H01M4/8825—Methods for deposition of the catalytic active composition
    • H01M4/8828—Coating with slurry or ink
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M4/00—Electrodes
    • H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
    • H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
    • H01M4/92—Metals of platinum group
    • H01M4/925—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers
    • H01M4/926—Metals of platinum group supported on carriers, e.g. powder carriers on carbon or graphite
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/1004—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes characterised by membrane-electrode assemblies [MEA]
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50—Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry and anode catalyst slurry; (2) coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of a proton exchange membrane by adopting a CCM method to obtain a cathode CCM; coating the anode catalyst slurry on one side of an anode gas diffusion layer to obtain an anode GDE; (3) and (3) sequentially laminating and laminating the cathode gas diffusion layer, the cathode CCM and the anode GDE in the step (2) to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode. According to the invention, the catalyst slurry with small particle size, high dispersion and high stability is prepared, the viscosity of the catalyst slurry is adjusted to prevent the catalyst slurry from settling, and then the catalyst layer is coated by adopting the cathode CCM and anode GDE processes, so that the membrane electrode with low platinum loading and excellent performance is obtained, the production efficiency is high, the production cost is controllable, and the membrane electrode is suitable for large-scale batch production.

Description

Fuel cell membrane electrode and preparation method and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fuel cells, relates to a fuel cell membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof, and particularly relates to a proton exchange membrane fuel cell membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof.
Background
With the gradual maturity of the preparation process of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells (PEMFCs) at home and abroad, the preparation method of the Membrane Electrode Assembly (MEA) of the core component thereof is more and more. The preparation method of MEA is mainly classified into a gas diffusion electrode method (GDE) and a Catalyst Coating Method (CCM) according to the supporting manner of a catalyst on a proton exchange membrane. The GDE method has an advantage that the coating operability of the substrate is good, and the volume does not change during the coating process, but the binding force between the catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane is low, resulting in an increase in contact resistance. The CCM method has the advantages that the catalyst layer is tightly contacted with the proton exchange membrane, the problem of catalyst layer falling off can be effectively avoided, but the process has high requirements on equipment, and the double-sided coating of the proton exchange membrane is difficult to realize. At present, the modification in the prior art mainly focuses on the two processes, and how to consider the performance and the production efficiency is an important research direction.
CN110350208A discloses an adsorption coating method for a CCM membrane electrode of a hydrogen fuel cell, which comprises coating a first catalyst layer on one side of a proton exchange membrane, then removing a protective film to adsorb the first catalyst layer by an adsorption device, and coating a second catalyst layer on the other side of the proton exchange membrane to obtain the CCM membrane electrode. The method ensures that the proton exchange membrane can not generate wrinkles through the adsorption device, thereby realizing the double-sided coating of the cathode and the anode to obtain the CCM membrane electrode and improving the production efficiency, but the method has higher requirement on coating equipment and increases the cost of scale production and maintenance.
CN109088073A discloses a method for preparing a CCM membrane electrode of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell and a product thereof, wherein a coating method is adopted to respectively prepare a cathode transfer medium and an anode transfer medium, the cathode transfer medium and the anode transfer medium are respectively arranged on two sides of a proton exchange membrane for hot-pressing transfer, and release membranes in the cathode transfer medium and the anode transfer medium are respectively peeled off to obtain the CCM membrane electrode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell. The method has high catalyst transfer rate and is beneficial to improving the production efficiency, but partial catalyst can be taken away when the release film is removed, so that the surface appearance of the catalyst is incomplete, the thickness distribution of the catalyst is uneven, the contact resistance is increased, and the electrode performance is influenced.
Therefore, how to reduce the cost and obtain a membrane electrode with low platinum loading and excellent performance is a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a fuel cell membrane electrode and a preparation method and application thereof. According to the invention, the catalyst slurry with small particle size, high dispersion and high stability is prepared, the viscosity of the catalyst slurry is adjusted to prevent the catalyst slurry from settling, and then the catalyst layer is coated by adopting the cathode CCM and anode GDE processes, so that the membrane electrode with low platinum loading and excellent performance is obtained, the production efficiency is high, the production cost is controllable, and the membrane electrode is suitable for large-scale batch production.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method of making a fuel cell membrane electrode, the method comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry and anode catalyst slurry;
(2) coating the cathode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of a proton exchange membrane by adopting a CCM method to obtain a cathode CCM; coating the anode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of an anode gas diffusion layer to obtain an anode GDE;
(3) and (3) sequentially laminating and laminating the cathode gas diffusion layer, the cathode CCM and the anode GDE in the step (2) to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
According to the preparation method provided by the invention, the cathode is coated on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective film by a cathode CCM method, the anode is coated on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by an anode GDE method, and the catalyst layers of the cathode and the anode can be coated in a roll-to-roll manner by simple coating, so that the prepared catalyst coating has good adhesion with the proton exchange membrane, the surface is uniform and flat, the catalyst utilization efficiency is higher, the electrode performance is effectively improved, the phenomena of swelling and wrinkling of the proton exchange membrane are avoided, the process realization difficulty is low, the production efficiency is high, and the preparation method is suitable for batch production.
The high-speed dispersion in the invention specifically means that the rotating speed is 1000r/min or more.
Preferably, the preparation method of the cathode catalyst slurry of step (1) comprises:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, and carrying out high-speed dispersion, grinding and filtration to obtain the cathode catalyst slurry.
When the cathode catalyst slurry is prepared, high-speed dispersion, grinding and filtration are adopted, and the high-speed dispersion and the grinding of the sand mill are matched, so that repeated operation is carried out, the viscosity suitable for coating can be obtained quickly, the catalyst slurry with small particle size, high dispersion and high stability can be prepared, the electrochemical active area and the use efficiency of platinum metal are improved, and better electrode performance can be realized at low platinum loading capacity.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution to the Pt/C catalyst is (5-25: 1), for example, 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1 or 25: 1.
In the invention, the platinum loading capacity is too low due to the too low mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution to the Pt/C catalyst, so that the electrode activation reaction is ineffective; when the carbon carrier is too high, the carbon carrier is not easy to disperse, and particle agglomeration is easy to cause, so that the catalytic efficiency is reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the solvent, the dispersant and the thickener is (18-35): 0.4-3): 1, such as 18:0.4:1, 35:3:1, 18:3:1, 35:0.4:1, 18:0.6:1 or 30:2: 1.
In the present invention, the amount of the dispersant cannot be excessive, otherwise the viscosity of the slurry of the cathode catalyst is not easily increased, which affects the coating process of the catalyst slurry.
Preferably, the high-speed dispersion speed is 2800-4000 r/min, such as 2800r/min, 3000r/min, 3200r/min, 3500r/min, 3800r/min or 4000 r/min.
Preferably, the high-speed dispersion time is 10-30 min, such as 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min or 30 min.
Preferably, the grinding time is 60-90 min, such as 60min, 65min, 70min, 75min, 80min, 85min or 90 min.
When preparing the cathode catalyst slurry, the grinding time is not short enough, so that the catalyst slurry with higher viscosity is favorably and uniformly dispersed, and the particles are as small as possible, so that the surface area of the Pt particles is increased, and the activity of the catalyst is improved.
Preferably, the mesh number of the filtering mesh is 200 to 400 meshes, such as 200 meshes, 250 meshes, 300 meshes, 350 meshes, 400 meshes and the like.
Preferably, the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃, for example, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ or 30 ℃ and the like, in the process of preparing the cathode catalyst slurry in the step (1).
The temperature during the preparation of the cathode catalyst slurry should not be too high to prevent the catalyst from being deactivated.
Preferably, the solid content of the cathode catalyst slurry is 5-13%, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, or 13%, etc.
Preferably, the viscosity of the cathode catalyst slurry is 20-300 cp, such as 20cp, 50cp, 100cp, 150cp, 200cp, 250cp or 300 cp.
In the invention, the cathode catalyst slurry has lower viscosity, which is beneficial to the dispersion of Pt metal particles and increases the reaction area of the Pt metal particles, thereby improving the electrocatalytic performance of the Pt metal.
Preferably, the preparation method of the anode catalyst slurry of step (1) includes:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, and performing high-speed dispersion, grinding and filtration to obtain the anode catalyst slurry.
When the anode catalyst slurry is prepared, high-speed dispersion, grinding and filtration are adopted, and the high-speed dispersion and the grinding of the sand mill are matched, so that repeated operation is carried out, the viscosity suitable for coating can be obtained quickly, the catalyst slurry with small particle size, high dispersion and high stability can be prepared, the electrochemical activity area and the use efficiency of platinum metal are improved, and better electrode performance can be realized at low platinum loading capacity.
In the preparation of the cathode and anode catalyst slurry according to the present invention, the solvent, the dispersant and the thickener are not particularly limited, and for example, the solvent may be selected from ethanol, the dispersant may be selected from isopropanol, and the thickener may be selected from glycerol and the like.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution to the Pt/C catalyst is (5-25: 1), for example, 5:1, 10:1, 15:1, 20:1 or 25: 1.
When the anode catalyst slurry is prepared, the platinum loading capacity is too low due to the fact that the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution to the Pt/C catalyst is too low, and the electrode activation reaction is ineffective; when the carbon carrier is too high, the carbon carrier is not easy to disperse, and particle agglomeration is easy to cause, so that the catalytic efficiency is reduced.
Preferably, the mass ratio of the solvent, the dispersant and the thickener is (18-35): 0.4-3): 1, such as 18:0.4:1, 35:3:1, 18:3:1, 35:0.4:1, 18:0.6:1 or 30:2: 1.
Preferably, the high-speed dispersion speed is 2800-4000 r/min, such as 2800r/min, 3000r/min, 3200r/min, 3500r/min, 3800r/min or 4000 r/min.
Preferably, the high-speed dispersion time is 10-30 min, such as 10min, 15min, 20min, 25min or 30 min.
Preferably, the grinding time is 60-90 min, such as 60min, 65min, 70min, 75min, 80min, 85min or 90 min.
When preparing the anode catalyst slurry, the grinding time is not short enough, so that the catalyst slurry with higher viscosity is favorably and uniformly dispersed, and the particles are as small as possible, so that the surface area of the Pt particles is increased, and the activity of the catalyst is improved.
Preferably, the mesh number of the filtering mesh is 200 to 400 meshes, such as 200 meshes, 250 meshes, 300 meshes, 350 meshes, 400 meshes and the like.
Preferably, the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃, for example, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ or 30 ℃ and the like, during the preparation of the anode catalyst slurry in the step (1).
The temperature during the preparation of the anode catalyst slurry should not be too high to prevent the catalyst from being deactivated.
Preferably, the solid content of the cathode catalyst slurry is 5-13%, such as 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, or 13%, etc.
Preferably, the viscosity of the cathode catalyst slurry is 800-2000 cp, such as 800cp, 1000cp, 1200cp, 1500cp, 1800cp or 2000 cp.
The viscosity value of the anode catalyst slurry is larger, so that the catalyst is not easy to permeate into the microporous layer of the gas diffusion layer, and the utilization efficiency of the catalyst is improved.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the cathode CCM in the step (2), the coating method includes a slot coating and/or a blade coating mode.
Preferably, in the process of CCM of the cathode in the step (2), the thickness of the coating wet film is 60-130 μm, such as 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm or 130 μm.
Preferably, the coating speed in the process of preparing the cathode CCM in the step (2) is 5-8 mm/s, such as 5mm/s, 6mm/s, 7mm/s or 8 mm/s.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the cathode CCM in the step (2), after coating, drying operation is performed.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, for example, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ or 70 ℃.
When the cathode CCM is prepared, the drying temperature is adjusted to be beneficial to inhibiting the phenomenon of stress imbalance in the slurry drying process, incomplete drying can be caused at a lower temperature, and the cracking phenomenon can be caused in the catalyst layer at a higher temperature.
Preferably, the platinum loading capacity of the cathode CCM is 0.25-0.4 mg/cm2E.g. 0.25mg/cm2、0.3mg/cm2、0.35mg/cm2Or 0.4mg/cm2And the like.
Preferably, in the process of preparing the anode GDE in step (2), the coating method includes slot coating and/or blade coating.
Preferably, during the preparation of the anode GDE in step (2), the thickness of the wet coating film is 60 to 130 μm, such as 60 μm, 70 μm, 80 μm, 90 μm, 100 μm, 110 μm, 120 μm, 130 μm, or the like.
Preferably, during the preparation of the anode GDE in the step (2), the coating speed is 5-8 mm/s, such as 5mm/s, 6mm/s, 7mm/s or 8 mm/s.
Preferably, during the preparation of the anode GDE in step (2), after coating, a drying operation is performed.
Preferably, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃, for example, 50 ℃, 60 ℃ or 70 ℃.
When the anode GDE is prepared, the drying temperature is adjusted to be beneficial to inhibiting the phenomenon of unbalanced stress in the slurry drying process, incomplete drying can be caused at a lower temperature, and cracking can be caused in a catalyst layer at a higher temperature.
Preferably, the platinum loading of the anode GDE in the step (2) is 0.07-0.12 mg/cm2E.g. 0.07mg/cm2、0.08mg/cm2、0.1mg/cm2、0.11mg/cm2Or 0.12mg/cm2And the like.
Preferably, the pressing method in step (3) includes hot pressing.
Preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing is 80-120 ℃, for example, 80 ℃, 90 ℃, 100 ℃, 110 ℃ or 120 ℃.
In the invention, when the hot-pressing temperature exceeds 80 ℃, the catalyst layer and the proton exchange membrane can be firmly combined, thereby reducing the contact resistance; at too high a temperature, the proton exchange membrane is easily damaged, and the proton conductivity of the proton exchange membrane is reduced.
Preferably, the pressure of the hot pressing is 20-35 kg/cm2E.g. 20kg/cm2、22kg/cm2、25kg/cm2、28kg/cm2、30kg/cm2、33kg/cm2Or 35kg/cm2And the like.
In the invention, when the hot pressing is carried out at the pressure in the range, the contact interface between the proton exchange membrane and the catalyst is increased, so that the active specific surface area of the catalyst layer is increased, meanwhile, the contact between the proton exchange membrane and the catalyst layer can be improved, the interface contact resistance is reduced, and the membrane electrode performance is improved.
As a preferred technical scheme, the preparation method of the fuel cell membrane electrode comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry and anode catalyst slurry;
the preparation method of the cathode catalyst slurry comprises the following steps:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, dispersing at a high speed for 10-30 min at a dispersion speed of 2800-4000 r/min, then grinding for 60-90 min, and filtering by using a 200-400-mesh screen to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with the viscosity of 20-300 cp;
the preparation method of the anode catalyst slurry comprises the following steps:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, dispersing at a high speed for 10-30 min at a dispersion speed of 2800-4000 r/min, then grinding for 60-90 min, and filtering by using a 200-400-mesh screen to obtain anode catalyst slurry with the viscosity of 800-2000 cp;
(2) coating the cathode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of a proton exchange membrane at the speed of 5-8 mm/s, wherein the coating thickness is 60-130 mu m, and then drying at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain the platinum loading capacity of 0.25-0.4 mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
coating the anode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of an anode gas diffusion layer at the speed of 5-8 mm/s, wherein the coating thickness is 60-130 mu m, and then drying at 50-70 ℃ to obtain the platinum loading capacity of 0.07-0.12 mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) sequentially laminating a cathode gas diffusion layer, the cathode CCM and the anode GDE in the step (2), and controlling the temperature to be 20-35 kg/cm at 80-120 DEG C2The pressure is hot-pressed and pressed to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a fuel cell membrane electrode prepared by the method of the first aspect.
The membrane electrode provided by the invention has small contact resistance and better electrode performance.
Preferably, the thickness of the proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode of the fuel cell is 8-15 μm, such as 8 μm, 9 μm, 10 μm, 11 μm, 12 μm, 13 μm, 14 μm or 15 μm.
In a third aspect, the present invention also provides a fuel cell comprising a fuel cell membrane electrode according to the second aspect.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the preparation method provided by the invention obtains the catalyst slurry with small particle size and uniform distribution by high-speed dispersion, grinding, filtration and the like, improves the electrochemical active area, the electrode can obtain better electrode performance under the condition of low platinum loading, the cost is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the cathode catalyst is coated on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not jointed with the protective film by a cathode CCM method, the anode catalyst is coated on one side of an anode gas diffusion layer by an anode GDE method, the catalyst layer of the cathode and the anode can be coated in a roll-to-roll manner by simple coating, so that the prepared catalyst coating has good adhesive force with the proton exchange membrane, the surface is uniform and flat, the catalyst utilization efficiency is higher, the electrode performance is effectively improved, the phenomena of swelling and wrinkling of the proton exchange membrane are avoided, and the process realization difficulty is low, high production efficiency, is suitable for batch production, and the prepared battery is 0.5A/cm2The voltage value is more than 0.772V and 1A/cm under the current density of (1)2The voltage value is 0.709V or more at the current density of (1).
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the following specific examples. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the examples are only for the understanding of the present invention and should not be construed as the specific limitations of the present invention.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fuel cell membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 5:1 and a mass ratio of 30:3:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 2800r/min for 30min, grinding for 60min by using a sand mill, and filtering by using a filter with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with solid content of 5% and viscosity of 70 cp;
preparation of anode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 20:1, mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 18:0.6:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 20min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 90min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 13% and a viscosity of 2000 cp;
(2) preparation of cathode CCM: placing the coiled proton exchange membrane on a coating machine, coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective membrane by adopting a slit coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet membrane to be 130 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 70 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.4mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
preparation of anode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating anode catalyst slurry on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by adopting a blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 60 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.12mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) preparation of MEA: sequentially stacking a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode CCM and an anode GDE according to a sandwich structure, and then placing the stack in an oil press at the temperature of 120 ℃ and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fuel cell membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 5:1 and a mass ratio of 30:3:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 2800r/min for 60min, grinding for 60min by using a sand mill, and filtering by using a filter with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with solid content of 5% and viscosity of 70 cp;
preparation of anode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 25:1 and a mass ratio of 18:0.4:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 10min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 90min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 11% and a viscosity of 1500 cp;
(2) preparation of cathode CCM: placing the coiled proton exchange membrane on a coating machine, coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective membrane by adopting a blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet membrane to be 60 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 70 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.4mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
preparation of anode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating anode catalyst slurry on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by adopting a blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 60 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.07mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) preparation of MEA: sequentially stacking a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode CCM and an anode GDE according to a sandwich structure, and then placing the stack in an oil press at the temperature of 120 ℃ and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fuel cell membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 20:3.5, and mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 20:3:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 2800r/min for 20min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 80min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with the solid content of 7% and the viscosity of 120 cp;
preparation of anode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 20:1, mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 18:0.6:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 20min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 90min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 13% and a viscosity of 2000 cp;
(2) preparation of cathode CCM: placing the coiled proton exchange membrane on a coating machine, coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective membrane by adopting a slit coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet membrane to be 100 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, drying the wet membrane at 70 ℃, and drying the wet membrane to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.36mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
preparation of anode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating anode catalyst slurry on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by adopting a blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 70 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.12mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) preparation of MEA: sequentially stacking a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode CCM and an anode GDE according to a sandwich structure, and then placing the stack in an oil press at the temperature of 120 ℃ and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
Example 4
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fuel cell membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 10:1 and a mass ratio of 20:1:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 2800r/min for 30min, grinding for 60min by using a sand mill, and filtering by using a filter with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with solid content of 8% and viscosity of 150 cp;
preparation of anode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 20:1, mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 18:0.6:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 20min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 90min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 13% and a viscosity of 2000 cp;
(2) preparation of cathode CCM: placing the coiled proton exchange membrane on a coating machine, coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective membrane by adopting a slit coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet membrane to be 100 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, drying the wet membrane at 70 ℃, and drying the wet membrane to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.28mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
preparation of anode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating anode catalyst slurry on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by adopting a blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 70 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.12mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) preparation of MEA: sequentially stacking a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode CCM and an anode GDE according to a sandwich structure, and then placing the stack in an oil press at the temperature of 120 ℃ and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
Example 5
The embodiment provides a preparation method of a fuel cell membrane electrode, which comprises the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 10:1 and a mass ratio of 20:1:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 2800r/min for 30min, grinding for 60min by using a sand mill, and filtering by using a filter with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with solid content of 8% and viscosity of 150 cp;
preparation of anode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 25:1 and a mass ratio of 18:0.4:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 10min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 90min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 11% and a viscosity of 1500 cp;
(2) preparation of cathode CCM: placing the coiled proton exchange membrane on a coating machine, coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective membrane by adopting a slit coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet membrane to be 100 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, drying the wet membrane at 70 ℃, and drying the wet membrane to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.28mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
preparation of anode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating anode catalyst slurry on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by adopting a blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 70 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.07mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) preparation of MEA: sequentially stacking a cathode gas diffusion layer, a cathode CCM and an anode GDE according to a sandwich structure, and then placing the stack in an oil press at the temperature of 120 ℃ and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
Example 6
This example differs from example 1 in that grinding and filtration in step (1) were not carried out.
The remaining preparation methods and parameters were in accordance with example 1.
Example 7
This example is different from example 1 in that the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution (Nafion solution) to the Pt/C catalyst was 3:1 when preparing the cathode catalyst slurry in step (1) of this example.
The remaining preparation methods and parameters were in accordance with example 1.
Example 8
This example is different from example 1 in that the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution (Nafion solution) to the Pt/C catalyst when preparing the anode catalyst slurry in step (1) of this example is 30: 1.
The remaining preparation methods and parameters were in accordance with example 1.
Comparative example 1
The present comparative example provides a method of preparing a fuel cell membrane electrode, the method comprising:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using a small amount of water, mixing a Nafion solution with the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 5:1, mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 20:1:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 10min, grinding the mixed solution for 90min by using a sand mill, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain catalyst slurry with a solid content of 12% and a viscosity of 1780 cp;
wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using a small amount of water, mixing a Nafion solution with the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 20:1, mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 18:0.6:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 20min, grinding the mixed solution for 90min by using a sand mill, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 13% and a viscosity of 2000 cp;
preparation of cathode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the cathode gas diffusion layer by adopting slit coating, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 60 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 70 ℃, and drying to obtain a cathode GDE, wherein the platinum loading capacity is about 0.4mg/cm2。
Preparation of anode GDE: placing the coiled material type gas diffusion layer on a coating machine, coating the catalyst slurry on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by adopting a slit coating or blade coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet film to be 60 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 60 ℃, and drying to obtain the anode GDE, wherein the platinum loading capacity is about 0.12mg/cm2；
(3) Sequentially stacking cathode GDE, anode GDE and proton exchange membrane according to sandwich structure, and placing in oil press at 120 deg.C and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the membrane electrode of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell.
Comparative example 2
The present comparative example differs from example 1 in that, in step (2), a cathode CCM and an anode CCM were prepared by the following methods:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 5:1 and a mass ratio of 30:3:1 of ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 2800r/min for 30min, grinding for 60min by using a sand mill, and filtering by using a filter with a 400-mesh sieve to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with solid content of 5% and viscosity of 70 cp;
preparation of anode catalyst slurry: wetting a Pt/C catalyst by using water, mixing a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst according to a mass ratio of 20:1, mixing ethanol, isopropanol and glycerol according to a mass ratio of 18:0.6:1, dispersing the mixed solution at a high speed of 4000r/min for 20min, grinding the mixed solution by using a sand mill for 90min, and filtering the ground solution by using a filter with a 200-mesh sieve to obtain anode catalyst slurry with a solid content of 13% and a viscosity of 2000 cp;
(2) preparation of cathode CCM: placing the coiled proton exchange membrane on a coating machine, coating the cathode catalyst slurry on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective membrane by adopting a slit coating mode, controlling the thickness of a wet membrane to be 130 mu m, the coating speed to be 8mm/s, the drying temperature to be 70 ℃, and drying to obtain the platinum loading capacity of about 0.4mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
preparation of anode CCM: the coil type PTFE base material is placed on a coating machine, anode catalyst slurry is coated on one side of the PTFE base material in a slit coating mode, the thickness of a wet film is controlled to be 100 mu m, the coating speed is 5mm/s, and the drying temperature is 60 ℃. Transferring the catalyst layer coated on the PTFE substrate to a proton exchange membrane by a thermal transfer method to obtain the platinum loading of about 0.12mg/cm2The anode CCM of (1);
(3) preparation of MEA: the cathode and anode gas diffusion layers, cathode and anode CCM were stacked in sequence and then placed in an oil press at 120 ℃ and 20kg/cm2And hot-pressing for 60s to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
The D50, D90, and Zeta potentials of the cathode catalyst slurry and the anode catalyst slurry in examples 1-8 and comparative examples 1-2 are listed in table 1.
TABLE 1
Figure BDA0003096520290000161
Figure BDA0003096520290000171
From the data results of example 1 and example 6, it can be seen that the particle size of the catalyst slurry is smaller and uniformly dispersed after the grinding and filtering treatment, whereas the slurry is easy to settle without being treated, which affects the electrode performance.
From the data results of example 1 and example 7, it can be seen that the cathode slurry, the perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst are too large, so that the particle agglomeration is more significant, resulting in an increase in the particle size of the cathode.
The membrane electrodes prepared in examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were assembled into a single cell (effective area 7cm by 4cm) under the following test conditions: the temperature of the battery is 30-65 ℃, the open cathode is used, the hydrogen pressure is 50kPa, the hydrogen flow rate is 1-6 slpm, the ambient humidity is 50%, and the voltage values under different current surface densities are tested. The test results are shown in table 2:
TABLE 2
Figure BDA0003096520290000181
From the data results of examples 1 and 6, it can be seen that the electrode properties of the prepared membrane are better after the treatments of grinding and filtering.
From the data results of example 1 and examples 7 to 8, it can be seen that, regardless of whether a cathode catalyst slurry or an anode catalyst slurry is prepared, the perfluorosulfonic acid type polymer solution (Nafion solution) and the Pt/C catalyst are too small, which results in that the carbon carrier is not easily dispersed and particle agglomeration is easily caused, thereby reducing the catalytic efficiency; too large results in too low a platinum loading, which can cause the electrode activation reaction to fail.
From the data results of example 1 and comparative example 1, it is clear that the membrane electrode performance of example 1 is better and the contact resistance is lower with the same platinum loading.
From the data results of example 1 and comparative example 2, it can be seen that the cathode and the anode are both CCM processes, and the catalyst layer is lost during the transfer process, which reduces the catalytic reaction efficiency, and is not favorable for improving the membrane electrode performance and production.
In conclusion, the catalyst slurry with small particle size and uniform distribution is prepared by high-speed dispersion, grinding, filtering and the like, the electrochemical active area is improved, the electrode can obtain better electrode performance under the condition of low platinum loading, the cost is effectively reduced, meanwhile, the cathode is coated on one side of the proton exchange membrane which is not attached with the protective film by the cathode CCM method, the anode is coated on one side of the anode gas diffusion layer by the anode GDE method, the catalyst layer of the cathode and the anode can be coated in a roll-to-roll manner by simple coating, so that the prepared catalyst coating has good adhesive force with the proton exchange membrane, uniform and flat surface, higher catalyst utilization efficiency, effectively improved electrode performance, simultaneously avoided the phenomena of swelling and wrinkling of the proton exchange membrane, low process realization difficulty and high production efficiency, and is suitable for batch production, the prepared battery is 0.5A/cm2The voltage value is more than 0.772V and 1A/cm under the current density of (1)2The voltage value is 0.709V or more at the current density of (1).
The above-mentioned embodiments are intended to illustrate the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail, and it should be understood that the above-mentioned embodiments are only exemplary embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. A preparation method of a fuel cell membrane electrode is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry and anode catalyst slurry;
(2) coating the cathode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of a proton exchange membrane by adopting a CCM method to obtain a cathode CCM; coating the anode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of an anode gas diffusion layer to obtain an anode GDE;
(3) and (3) sequentially laminating and laminating the cathode gas diffusion layer, the cathode CCM and the anode GDE in the step (2) to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
2. The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1, wherein the method for producing the cathode catalyst slurry of step (1) comprises:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, and performing high-speed dispersion, grinding and filtration to obtain cathode catalyst slurry;
preferably, the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution to the Pt/C catalyst is (5-25): 1;
preferably, the mass ratio of the solvent to the dispersant to the thickener is (18-35): 0.4-3): 1;
preferably, the high-speed dispersion speed is 2800-4000 r/min;
preferably, the high-speed dispersion time is 10-30 min;
preferably, the grinding time is 60-90 min;
preferably, the mesh number of the filtering screen is 200-400 meshes;
preferably, the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the process of preparing the cathode catalyst slurry in the step (1);
preferably, the solid content of the cathode catalyst slurry is 5-13%;
preferably, the viscosity of the cathode catalyst slurry is 20-300 cp.
3. The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the method for producing the anode catalyst slurry of step (1) comprises:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, and performing high-speed dispersion, grinding and filtration to obtain anode catalyst slurry;
preferably, the mass ratio of the perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution to the Pt/C catalyst is (5-25): 1;
preferably, the mass ratio of the solvent to the dispersant to the thickener is (18-35): 0.4-3): 1;
preferably, the high-speed dispersion speed is 2800-4000 r/min;
preferably, the high-speed dispersion time is 10-30 min;
preferably, the grinding time is 60-90 min;
preferably, the mesh number of the filtering screen is 200-400 meshes;
preferably, the temperature is less than or equal to 30 ℃ in the process of preparing the anode catalyst slurry in the step (1);
preferably, the solid content of the anode catalyst slurry is 5-13%;
preferably, the viscosity of the anode catalyst slurry is 800 to 2000 cp.
4. The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein in the step of producing the cathode CCM in the step (2), the coating method includes a slit coating and/or a blade coating method;
preferably, in the cathode CCM in the step (2), the thickness of the wet coating film is 60-130 μm;
preferably, in the process of preparing the cathode CCM in the step (2), the coating speed is 5-8 mm/s;
preferably, in the process of preparing the cathode CCM in the step (2), after coating, drying operation is carried out;
preferably, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃;
preferably, the platinum loading capacity of the cathode CCM is 0.25-0.4 mg/cm2。
5. The method for preparing a membrane electrode assembly for a fuel cell according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein, in the step of preparing the anode GDE of step (2), the coating method comprises a slit coating and/or blade coating method;
preferably, in the process of preparing the anode GDE in the step (2), the thickness of the wet coating film is 60-130 μm;
preferably, in the process of preparing the anode GDE in the step (2), the coating speed is 5-8 mm/s;
preferably, in the process of preparing the anode GDE in the step (2), after coating, drying operation is performed;
preferably, the drying temperature is 50-70 ℃;
preferably, the platinum loading of the anode GDE in the step (2) is 0.07-0.12 mg/cm2。
6. The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the method for press-fitting in step (3) includes hot press-fitting;
preferably, the temperature of the hot pressing is 80-120 ℃;
preferably, the pressure of the hot pressing is 20-35 kg/cm2。
7. The method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized by comprising the steps of:
(1) preparing cathode catalyst slurry and anode catalyst slurry;
the preparation method of the cathode catalyst slurry comprises the following steps:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, dispersing at a high speed for 10-30 min at a dispersion speed of 2800-4000 r/min, then grinding for 60-90 min, and filtering by using a 200-400-mesh screen to obtain cathode catalyst slurry with the viscosity of 20-300 cp;
the preparation method of the anode catalyst slurry comprises the following steps:
mixing a Pt/C catalyst, a perfluorosulfonic acid polymer solution, a solvent, a dispersing agent and a thickening agent, dispersing at a high speed for 10-30 min at a dispersion speed of 2800-4000 r/min, then grinding for 60-90 min, and filtering by using a 200-400-mesh screen to obtain anode catalyst slurry with the viscosity of 800-2000 cp;
(2) coating the cathode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of a proton exchange membrane at the speed of 5-8 mm/s, wherein the coating thickness is 60-130 mu m, and then drying at the temperature of 50-70 ℃ to obtain the platinum loading capacity of 0.25-0.4 mg/cm2The cathode CCM of (1);
coating the anode catalyst slurry obtained in the step (1) on one side of an anode gas diffusion layer at the speed of 5-8 mm/s, wherein the coating thickness is 60-130 mu m, and then drying at 50-70 ℃ to obtain the platinum loading capacity of 0.07-0.12 mg/cm2The anode GDE of (a);
(3) sequentially laminating a cathode gas diffusion layer, the cathode CCM and the anode GDE in the step (2), and controlling the temperature to be 20-35 kg/cm at 80-120 DEG C2The pressure is hot-pressed and pressed to obtain the fuel cell membrane electrode.
8. A fuel cell membrane electrode, characterized in that it is produced by the method for producing a fuel cell membrane electrode according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
9. The fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 8, wherein the thickness of the proton exchange membrane in the fuel cell membrane electrode is 8 to 15 μm.
10. A fuel cell, characterized in that the fuel cell comprises the fuel cell membrane electrode according to claim 8 or 9.
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