CN113324889B - Device for evaluating shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency and testing method - Google Patents
Device for evaluating shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency and testing method Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000197 pyrolysis Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 78
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 239000003079 shale oil Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 title description 4
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 50
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
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- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 33
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 31
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- 239000004058 oil shale Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 11
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- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000002335 preservative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 3
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- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
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- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000004215 Carbon black (E152) Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
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- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008855 peristalsis Effects 0.000 description 1
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- G01N15/08—Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface area of porous materials
- G01N15/082—Investigating permeability by forcing a fluid through a sample
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation, wherein the device comprises an injection system, a preheating system, a rock core clamping system, a pressure loading system, a flow detection system and a data acquisition and processing system; the injection system, the preheating system, the rock core clamping system and the flow detection system are sequentially connected through pipelines; the pressure loading system is connected with the rock core clamping system; the data acquisition and processing system is respectively connected with the injection system, the preheating system, the rock core clamping system, the pressure loading system and the flow detection system; the injection system comprises a gas injection system and a liquid injection system; the gas injection system is connected with the liquid injection system. The invention solves the problems that the existing pyrolysis experimental equipment can not complete simulation research aiming at the shale oil in-situ mining process, can safely and efficiently complete the experiment for evaluating the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining efficiency, has safe operation and strong applicability, and can be used for multiple purposes.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas reservoir development and research, in particular to a device and a test method for evaluating shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency.
Background
Shale oil refers to low-maturity-semi-maturity oil gas which is generated and retained in hydrocarbon source rock, is endowed in a stratum micro-nano reservoir space in a free or adsorption state, and is basically not migrated or migrated in a very short distance. Shale oil is the most strategic petroleum substituting resource with the largest potential on land in China, is widely distributed at home and abroad, and has received wide attention at present for efficient development and utilization of shale oil. The exploitation of shale oil mainly comprises ground dry distillation and in-situ pyrolysis exploitation, the development of shale oil resources in China at present mainly takes ground dry distillation as a main part, but shale oil exploitation becomes complicated along with the increase of burial depth, the exploitation cost and the production cost are greatly increased, and meanwhile, mining and large-scale tail gas treatment facilities are required to be arranged. In comparison, the in-situ pyrolysis technology has the advantages of simple flow, low cost, high mining efficiency, environmental protection and the like, and has wide application prospect in the future.
At present, a set of equipment and a method for evaluating the in-situ pyrolysis efficiency and the displacement efficiency of shale oil are lacked, the existing research for evaluating the pyrolysis performance of the shale oil and the contrast of the porosity and the permeability of the shale before and after the concentrated pyrolysis reaction of the equipment are split for evaluating the pyrolysis performance and the displacement efficiency of the shale oil, so that a device and a test method which are suitable for in-situ exploitation of the shale oil and used for integrally evaluating the in-situ pyrolysis efficiency and the displacement efficiency of the shale oil are provided, and the device and the method have important significance in the technical field of development and research of oil and gas reservoirs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, provides a set of device and a test method which can guide reasonable development and exploitation of shale oil, simulate and research in-situ pyrolysis exploitation of oil shale and evaluate the pyrolysis efficiency and the displacement efficiency of the shale oil, and can be used for a high-temperature high-pressure displacement experiment with multiple purposes.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a device for evaluating shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency comprises an injection system, a preheating system, a rock core clamping system, a pressure loading system, a flow detection system and a data acquisition and processing system. The injection system, the preheating system, the rock core clamping system and the flow detection system are sequentially connected through pipelines; the pressure loading system is connected with the rock core clamping system; the data acquisition and processing system is respectively connected with the injection system, the preheating system, the rock core clamping system, the pressure loading system and the flow detection system; the injection system comprises a gas injection system and a liquid injection system; the gas injection system is connected with the liquid injection system.
The injection system comprises a gas injection system and a liquid injection system, wherein the gas injection system comprises a gas source, a driving valve, a booster pump, a high-pressure storage tank, a pressure regulating valve, an inlet gas flowmeter and an inlet control valve which are sequentially connected; a control valve is arranged on a pipeline between the air source outlet and the driving valve, and a pressure gauge is arranged on a pipeline between the air source and the control valve; and a pressure gauge of the pressure regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure regulating valve and the inlet gas flowmeter. The inlet gas flow meter may collect inlet gas flow data in real time.
The liquid injection system comprises a high-pressure injection pump and an intermediate container; the high-pressure injection pump is connected with the intermediate container and is used for providing power for shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement; the intermediate container is connected with three cavities in parallel, and the outlet of the intermediate container is arranged on a pipeline behind the inlet control valve. The liquid injection system line is connected after the inlet control valve of the gas injection system line.
The preheating system mainly comprises a preheater and a preheater temperature monitor. The inside of the preheater is provided with an annular pipeline, high-pressure gas liquid enters the annular pipeline in the preheater for heating through the pipeline, a preheater temperature monitor acquires temperature data through a metal probe inserted into the preheater, and a displacement medium is heated and then input into a special high-temperature high-pressure three-axis clamping system through a pipeline.
The core clamping system is a high-temperature high-pressure three-axis clamping system, an upper port of the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis clamping system is connected with a ring pressure pump, the ring pressure pump is provided with a ring pressure fluid pressure sensor, pressure data are collected by a computer, a lower port of the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis clamping system is connected with a shaft pressure pump, the shaft pressure sensor is provided with a shaft pressure sensor, pressure data are collected by the computer, a back pressure pump and a back pressure valve are connected to the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis clamping system, and an inlet pressure gauge and an outlet pressure gauge are respectively connected to an inlet and an outlet of the clamping system. And an outlet gas port control valve is arranged at the fluid outlet end of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamping system.
The flow detection system comprises a condenser pipe, an electronic balance, an outlet gas flowmeter and a tail gas treatment device; the condensing pipe is connected with the outlet fluid control valve; the fluid outlet pipeline of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamping system is connected with a condenser pipe, an electronic balance and an outlet gas flowmeter are sequentially connected behind the condenser pipe, and the tail end of the gas pipeline is connected with a tail gas treatment device.
Preferably, the pneumatic booster pump in the injection system has a pressurization ratio of 1:80, the highest output pressure of 50MPa, the high-pressure gas storage tank is a ZR-I type container with the volume of 1L and the highest pressure resistance of 50MPa, and the material is 316L stainless steel and is mainly used for storing pressurized gas. The highest inlet pressure of the matched high-pressure storage tank control valve is 69MPa, and the highest outlet pressure is 27 MPa. The constant-speed and constant-pressure pump for the liquid injection system in the injection system has the working pressure of 30MPa and the flow rate of 0.01-25mL/miv n, and has pressure protection and position upper and lower limit protection, and the pump head is made of 316L materials.
Preferably, the preheater is a cylindrical vessel having a serpentine coil inside, and the serpentine coil is used to preheat the displacement gas and liquid, wherein the serpentine coil is of a diameter
A pipe 10m long.
Preferably, a small hole is reserved at the upper part of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamping system, and the temperature sensor of the preheater extends into the pyrolysis reaction kettle in the clamp from the small hole. The inner diameter specification of the pyrolysis reaction kettle is
The fluid medium is applicable: water, gas, light oil, medium heavy oil; the core clamping system is provided with a heater and an insulating layer, the heater is used for heating and insulating the core, the heater is generally an electric heating tube and a temperature control instrument, and the insulating layer is made of bag-type glass fibers. The kettle body of the pyrolysis reaction kettle adopts a sleeve type heating device, an electric heating pipe which can be dried is inserted in the sleeve, and the heating temperature is controlled within the range: the room temperature is 500 ℃, and the temperature control instrument adopts a high-precision temperature controller with PID adjustment and a high-precision temperature sensorThe temperature is controlled, the temperature control precision is +/-1 ℃, the glass fiber tightening and heat preservation of the sleeve and the bag can be carried out during the pyrolysis experiment, and the influence of the pyrolysis of the rock on the rock displacement efficiency is tested.
Preferably, in the pressure loading system, the ring pressure loading device selects a ring pressure pump as a ring pressure tracking pump, a sapphire plunger is used, no peristalsis exists, the ring pressure tracking is stable, the precision is 1.0%, the maximum working pressure is 120Mpa, and the pump is provided with a communication port and can be operated by a computer or manually; the axial loading cylinder matched with the axial pressure pump has the maximum fluid pressure of 100MPa and the maximum loading stress of 100MPa on the end face of the axial core; the heat preservation layer on the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamp holder is provided with a groove reserved for the annular pressure boosting liquid inlet pipe to enter the inner space of the clamp holder.
Preferably, the flow detection system is provided with an electronic balance with the maximum measuring range of 2200g and the precision of 0.01g, the electronic balance is connected with a computer with a standard interface number, the computer can collect the amount of discharged liquid, calculate the flow of the liquid, collect the amount of the discharged liquid and calculate the flow of the liquid, and a condenser is connected to the right side of an air outlet pipe of a container used for weighing by the electronic balance; the condenser mainly comprises a snakelike spiral coil and a water jacket, high-temperature fluid flowing out of the core is rapidly cooled by externally-communicated tap water, and an outlet section is connected with a gas flowmeter; the pressure resistance of the gas flowmeter is 10MPa, the maximum measuring range is 500mL/min, and the gas flowmeter is provided with a communication port and can collect and detect flow by a computer.
Preferably, the device for evaluating the displacement efficiency of in-situ pyrolysis mining of shale oil is provided with a temperature monitor, an inlet flowmeter, an outlet flowmeter and an electronic balance, the temperature monitor, the inlet flowmeter, the outlet flowmeter and the electronic balance are connected with a computer through a data acquisition card, and the permeability K after the core pyrolysis reaction and the pyrolysis displacement efficiency are calculated according to the acquired data and the data recorded by the flow monitoring system.
A test method for evaluating shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining displacement efficiency comprises the following steps:
s1, collecting the experimental core from a large oil shale sample collected on site, wrapping the large oil shale sample with a preservative film on site, sending the large oil shale sample to a laboratory, taking a cylindrical sample with the diameter of 25mm and the length of 50mm by a rock drilling machine along the bedding surface vertical to the oil shale, and recording the mass m of the core at the moment0；
S2, connecting the accessories and the pipeline system according to the device flow, switching on the equipment power supply to turn on the equipment main switch, turning on all the equipment switches, checking whether the monitor screens are on and displaying normal values;
s3, the experimental requirement of the sealing performance of the experimental device can be preset according to the experimental requirement, the sealing performance of the experimental device is checked, and the experiment is carried out if the sealing performance meets the experimental requirement; if the tightness does not meet the experimental requirements, checking the pipeline system connection according to the installation steps, re-checking the tightness of the experimental device after adjustment, and performing the experiment after the tightness meets the experimental requirements;
s4, detaching the heat-insulating layer and the heater wrapped outside the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, inserting the core into the rock sample confining pressure wrapping sealing sleeve, then placing the core into a pyrolysis reaction kettle in the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, and installing and restoring the heater and the heat-insulating layer;
s5, setting the reaction temperatures of the preheater and the pyrolysis reaction kettle to be 100 ℃, and keeping the reaction temperatures of the preheater and the pyrolysis reaction kettle constant for 6 hours when the reaction temperatures of the preheater and the pyrolysis reaction kettle reach 100 ℃ through a preheater temperature monitor and a core holder temperature monitor;
s6, providing power for gas inlet pressure through a booster pump, controlling the gas inlet pressure through a pressure regulating valve, setting the pressure of the pressure regulating valve, giving ring pressure by a ring pressure pump, giving shaft pressure by a shaft pressure pump, observing that the pressure is stable to an experimental required value, and giving back pressure;
s7, acquiring and processing experimental data: inlet pressure P of computer automatic acquisition rock core clamping system1Outlet pressure P2Outlet flow rate Qout1Record the 24 readings m of the electronic balance1Calculating the permeability K of the oil shale core at the temperature of 100 DEG C1；
S8, calculating the core permeability K at the temperature of 100 DEG C1Continuously heating the pyrolysis reaction kettle 18, setting the reaction temperature of the preheater 13 and the pyrolysis reaction kettle 18 to be 200 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 6 hours when the temperature in the kettle reaches 200 ℃ through the preheater temperature monitor 14 and the core holder temperature monitor; the pressure in the pyrolysis reactor 18 is maintained at a predetermined ring pressure and axial pressureKeeping the pressure difference stable through the tracking pump, repeating the step S6, and collecting the outlet flow Qout2Record the electronic balance 24 reading m2(ii) a Calculating the permeability K of the rock core under the condition of corresponding temperature of 200 DEG C2；
S9, repeating the steps S6 and S7 to respectively calculate the oil shale core permeability K corresponding to 300 ℃, 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ under the same pressure difference condition3、K4、K5And recording the reading m of the corresponding electronic balance3、m4、m5；
S10, after the displacement experiment is finished under the condition of 500 ℃ and the same pressure difference, washing oil from the rock core to obtain the mass m of the residual oil in the rock coree；
And S11, respectively calculating pyrolysis displacement efficiency under different temperatures and the same pressure difference according to the data acquired and recorded in the steps S7-S10.
The calculation process of the core permeability K in the steps S8 and S9 is as follows:
s81, recording the fluid viscosity mu (mPa · S) of the used displacement medium, the length L (cm) of the used core and the cross-sectional area A (cm) of the core before the experiment is started2)；
S82, the data acquisition and processing system records the gas outlet flow Q of the core of the holderoutInlet pressure P1And an outlet pressure P2；
S83, obtaining the permeability K of the rock core at the moment according to a calculation formula;
wherein Q is the outlet flow of the corresponding fluid medium, and the unit ml/min; k is the permeability in mD; p is a radical of0Is atmospheric pressure, 0.1 MPa; the computer records and calculates the permeability value at each moment and outputs a permeability-time relation curve;
the data processing method in step S11 is as follows:
s111, calculating the displacement efficiency at different temperatures according to a displacement efficiency a calculation formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein m isnFor displacing shale oil quality under different temperature conditions, corresponding to taking m at 100 DEG C1M is taken at 200 DEG C2Taking m at 300 DEG C3M at 400 ℃4Taking m at 500 ℃5；
And S112, drawing a temperature and displacement efficiency curve.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the device for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation has the advantages that: the conventional shale oil pyrolysis device only aims at the comparison of shale properties and maturity before and after shale oil pyrolysis, the pyrolysis performance and the displacement efficiency are evaluated in a splitting mode, the device can simulate the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation with the most potential at present, and the pyrolysis performance and the displacement efficiency are analyzed, so that guidance is provided for the in-situ pyrolysis exploitation process of the shale oil.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the apparatus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a core holder suitable for use in pyrolysis reactions according to the present disclosure.
FIG. 3 is a sample plot of pyrolysis performance analysis curves generated by the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a sample displacement efficiency curve plotted according to the present invention.
In the drawings: 1-gas source, 2-pressure gauge, 3-control valve, 4-drive valve, 5-booster pump, 6-high pressure storage tank, 7-pressure regulating valve, 8-pressure regulating valve, 9-inlet gas flowmeter, 10-inlet control valve, 11-intermediate container, 12-high pressure injection pump, 13-preheater, 14-preheater temperature monitor, 15-core holder temperature monitor, 16-heat preservation layer, 17-heater, 18-pyrolysis reaction kettle, 19-ring pressure pump, 20-back pressure pump, 21-axial pressure pump, 22-outlet fluid control valve, 23-condenser pipe, 24-electronic balance, 25-outlet gas flowmeter, 26-tail gas treatment device, 27-back pressure valve, 28-ring pressure boosting liquid inlet pipe, 28-ring pressure gas inlet pipe, etc, 29-inlet pressure gauge, 30-outlet pressure gauge.
Detailed Description
In order to more clearly understand the technical features, objects, and effects of the present invention, embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1 to 2, a device for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining includes an injection system, a preheating system, a core clamping system, a pressure loading system, a flow detection system, and a data acquisition and processing system. The injection system comprises a gas injection system and a liquid injection system, wherein the gas injection system comprises: air supply 1, manometer 2, control valve 3, drive valve 4, booster pump 5, high-pressure storage tank 6, air-vent valve 7, air-vent valve manometer 8, inlet gas flowmeter 9, inlet control valve 10, liquid injection system includes: a high pressure injection pump 12, an intermediate vessel 11.
Air supply 1 be equipped with manometer 2 and have control valve 3 control gas output along with the gas bottle pipeline on, connect drive valve 4 on the right side and send gas into booster pump 5, booster pump 5 provides pressure for displacement for gas pressurization, gas after the pressurization keeps in high-pressure storage tank 6, there is air-vent valve 7 control gas inlet pressure on high-pressure storage tank 6, pressure shows on air-vent valve manometer 8 to gather pressure data by the computer acquisition card, gas goes out behind high-pressure storage tank 6 and gets into preheater 13 by inlet control valve 10 control behind inlet gas flowmeter 9.
The high-pressure injection pump 12 provides power for the displacement liquid medium, is connected with three parallel intermediate containers 11 and can contain displacement media with different properties, and a liquid outlet pipeline of the intermediate container 11 is connected behind the gas pipeline inlet control valve 10 and is connected to the preheater 13.
Preheating system constitute by pre-heater 13 and pre-heater temperature monitor 14 mainly, pre-heater temperature monitor 14's metal probe stretches into the inside temperature of detecting pre-heater 13 of pre-heater through 13 upper portion apertures of pre-heater, temperature data shows on pre-heater temperature monitor 14, and the record is at the computer, pre-heater 13 is inside to guarantee gaseous liquid heating efficiency for the ring pipeline, fluid after the heating flows into rock core clamping system from heater (17) bottom export by the pipeline, it has connect entry manometer 29 to add the fluid entrance of clamping system, gather fluid entry pressure data by the computer.
The core clamping system is provided with a heater 17 and an insulating layer 16 which are used for realizing high-temperature conditions required by pyrolysis, a ring pressure boosting liquid inlet pipe 28 is arranged on the insulating layer 16, the core is placed in a pyrolysis reaction kettle 18 suitable for the high-temperature and high-pressure conditions, a ring pressure pump 19 is connected to an upper port of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, the ring pressure pump 19 is provided with a ring pressure fluid pressure sensor, pressure data are collected by a computer, a shaft pressure pump 21 is connected to a lower port of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, the shaft pressure sensor is provided with a shaft pressure sensor, pressure data are collected by the computer, and a back pressure pump 20 and a back pressure valve 27 are connected to the bottom of the core clamping system;
the fluid outlet end of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamping system is controlled by an outlet fluid control valve 22 to flow out of the fluid, an outlet pressure gauge 30 is connected at the same time, the computer is used for acquiring the outflow fluid pressure data, a condenser pipe 23 and an electronic balance 24 are connected at the right side, the discharged gas is processed by a tail gas processing device 26 after passing through an outlet gas flowmeter 25, and the gas flow data is automatically acquired to the computer.
The experimental core is taken from a large oil shale test piece collected on site, the large oil shale on site is wrapped by a preservative film and sent back to a laboratory, a cylindrical test piece with the diameter of 25mm and the length of 50mm is taken by a rock drilling machine along the bedding surface vertical to the oil shale, and the mass m of the core at the moment is recorded0。
Connecting accessories and a pipeline system well according to the device process, switching on a device power supply to turn on a device main switch, turning on all device switches, pressing digital display buttons of a preheater temperature monitor 14, a core holder temperature monitor 15, a high-pressure injection pump 12, a ring pressure pump 19 and a shaft pressure pump 21, and checking whether screens of all monitors are lighted and displaying normal values;
before the experiment begins, the sealing performance of the system is checked, a power main switch is turned on, the system access port is guaranteed to be connected with the outlet of a gas steel cylinder, a vacuum system connecting valve and a back pressure system access valve are closed, a gas source is opened, a certain amount of gas is introduced, when the pressure of the introduced gas reaches 1-3 MPa, a gas source control valve 3 is closed, the gas source control valve is kept for 15-20 min, whether the pressure is changed or not is observed, and if the pressure is not changed, the sealing performance is good, the experiment can be carried out.
The method comprises the steps of unloading a heat insulation layer 16 and a heating device 17 wrapped outside a high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, inserting a rock core into a rock sample confining pressure wrapping sealing sleeve and then placing the rock core into the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping device, wherein the rock sample confining pressure wrapping sealing sleeve uses a metal material to bear a high-temperature environment, the rock core can be completely wrapped, confining pressure loading is uniform, and the clamping device heating and heat insulation system is installed and recovered after rock core loading is completed.
Record core initial weight m0The temperature of a preheater 13 and a heater 17 in the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamping system is set to be 100 ℃, the inside of the system is observed through a preheater temperature monitor 14 and a core holder temperature monitor 15, and the temperature is kept constant for 6 hours after reaching 100 ℃.
The booster pump 5 is used for providing power for the gas inlet pressure, the pressure regulating valve 7 is used for controlling the gas inlet pressure, the pressure of the pressure regulating valve is set to be 20MPa, the ring pressure pump 19 gives 25MPa of ring pressure, the axial pressure pump 21 gives 30MPa of axial pressure, the observation pressure is stabilized to an experimental required value, the back pressure pump 20 is opened, the back pressure is given to be 15MPa, and the displacement starts.
In this embodiment, the experimental conditions are that the differential pressure conditions are kept unchanged, and only the temperature is changed, that is, the device of this embodiment evaluates the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency at different temperatures under the same differential pressure conditions, and the specific steps of acquiring and calculating experimental operation data are as follows:
s1, the ring pressure pump 19 used in the experiment is a ring pressure tracking pump, the pressure difference is maintained to be stable at 5MPa in the experiment process, and the computer automatically acquires the inlet pressure P of the clamp holder1Outlet pressure P2Outlet flow rate Qout1Record the 24 readings m of the electronic balance1And when the readings of the gas outlet flowmeter 25 and the electronic balance 24 are observed to be stable and not changed any more, finishing the displacement, and calculating the permeability K of the oil shale core after pyrolysis at the temperature of 100 DEG C1；
S2, calculating the core permeability K under the temperature condition of 100 DEG C1Continuously heating the pyrolysis reaction kettle 18, setting the reaction temperature of the preheater 13 and the pyrolysis reaction kettle 18 to be 200 ℃, and observing through a preheater temperature monitor 14 and a core holder temperature monitorKeeping the temperature of the kettle constant for 6 hours when the temperature in the kettle reaches 200 ℃; maintaining the pressure in the pyrolysis reactor 18 constant at a given ring pressure and axial pressure, maintaining the pressure difference stable by a tracking pump, repeating the step S6, and collecting the outlet flow Qout2Record the 24 readings m of the electronic balance2(ii) a Calculating the permeability K of the rock core under the condition of corresponding temperature of 200 DEG C2。
S3, repeating the steps S1 and S2 to respectively calculate the permeability K corresponding to the temperatures of 300 ℃, 400 ℃, 500 ℃ and the like under the same pressure difference condition3、K4、K5And recording 24 readings m of the corresponding electronic balance3、m4、m5。
S4, 500 ℃, and after the displacement experiment is finished under the same pressure difference condition, performing core oil washing to obtain the mass m of the residual oil in the coree。
And S5, calculating the pyrolysis displacement efficiency under the same pressure difference conditions at different temperatures.
The step of calculating the permeability of step S3 is as follows:
s31, recording the fluid viscosity mu (mPa · S) of the used displacement medium, the length L (cm) of the used core and the cross-sectional area A (cm) of the core before the experiment is started2)；
S32, the data acquisition and processing system records the gas outlet flow Q of the core of the holderoutInlet pressure P1And an outlet pressure P2；
S33, obtaining the permeability K of the rock core at the moment according to a calculation formula;
wherein Q is the outlet flow of the corresponding fluid medium, and the unit ml/min; k is a permeability unit; p is a radical of0Is atmospheric pressure, 0.1 MPa; the computer records and calculates permeability values at each moment and outputs a permeability versus time curve, which is shown in fig. 3.
The step of calculating the pyrolysis displacement efficiency in step S5 is as follows:
s51, calculating displacement efficiency a at different temperatures:
wherein m isnFor displacing shale oil quality under different temperature conditions, correspondingly, m1 is taken at 100 ℃, m2 is taken at 200 ℃, m3 is taken at 300 ℃, m4 is taken at 400 ℃, and m5 is taken at 500 ℃;
s52, plotting the temperature and displacement efficiency curve, which is shown in fig. 4.
In conclusion, the experiment for evaluating the in-situ pyrolysis exploitation efficiency of the shale oil can be completed safely and efficiently. The simulation research of the new exploitation process with development potential, which aims at shale oil in-situ exploitation, can not be completed by the conventional pyrolysis experimental equipment, and the simulation research is safe to operate, high in applicability and capable of realizing multiple purposes.
The foregoing shows and describes the general principles, essential features, and advantages of the invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.
Claims (7)
1. A test method for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation is realized by utilizing a device for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, collecting the experimental core from a large oil shale sample collected on site, wrapping the large oil shale sample with a preservative film on site, sending the large oil shale sample to a laboratory, taking a cylindrical sample with the diameter of 25mm and the length of 50mm by a rock drilling machine along the bedding surface vertical to the oil shale, and recording the mass m of the core at the moment0；
S2, connecting the accessories and the pipeline system according to the device flow, switching on the equipment power supply to turn on the equipment main switch, turning on all the equipment switches, checking whether the monitor screens are on and displaying normal values;
s3, checking the sealing performance of the experimental device, and performing an experiment if the sealing performance meets the experimental requirements; if the tightness does not meet the experimental requirements, checking the pipeline system connection according to the installation steps, re-checking the tightness of the experimental device after adjustment, and performing the experiment after the tightness meets the experimental requirements;
s4, detaching the heat-insulating layer (16) and the heater (17) wrapped outside the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, inserting the core into the rock sample confining pressure wrapping sealing sleeve, then placing the core into the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) in the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, and installing and recovering the heater (17) and the heat-insulating layer (16);
s5, setting the reaction temperatures of the preheater (13) and the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) to be 100 ℃, and keeping the temperature for 6h when the reaction temperatures of the preheater (13) and the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) reach 100 ℃ through a preheater temperature monitor (14) and a core holder temperature monitor;
s6, providing power for gas inlet pressure through a booster pump (5), controlling the gas inlet pressure through a pressure regulating valve (7), setting the pressure of the pressure regulating valve, giving ring pressure to a ring pressure pump (19), giving shaft pressure to a shaft pressure pump (21), observing that the pressure is stabilized to an experimental required value, and giving back pressure;
s7, acquiring and processing experimental data: inlet pressure P of computer automatic acquisition rock core clamping system1Outlet pressure P2Outlet flow rate Qout1Recording the reading m of the electronic balance (24)1Calculating the permeability K of the oil shale core at the temperature of 100 DEG C1；
S8, calculating the core permeability K at the temperature of 100 DEG C1Continuously heating the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18), setting the reaction temperature of the preheater (13) and the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) to be 200 ℃, and keeping the temperature constant for 6 hours when the temperature in the kettle reaches 200 ℃ through a preheater temperature monitor (14) and a core holder temperature monitor; maintaining the pressure in the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) at a given annular pressure and axial pressure, maintaining the pressure difference to be stable by a tracking pump, repeating the step S6, and collecting the outlet flow Qout2Recording the reading m of the electronic balance (24)2(ii) a Calculating the permeability K of the rock core under the condition of corresponding temperature of 200 DEG C2；
S9, repeating the steps S6 and S7 to respectively calculate the oil shale core permeability K corresponding to the temperature of 300 ℃, 400 ℃ and 500 ℃ under the same pressure difference condition3、K4、K5And recording the reading m of the corresponding electronic balance (24)3、m4、m5；
S10, after the displacement experiment is finished under the conditions that the temperature is 500 ℃ and the pressure difference is the same, washing oil from the rock core to obtain the mass m of the residual oil in the rock coree；
S11, respectively calculating pyrolysis displacement efficiencies at different temperatures under the same pressure difference condition according to the data acquired and recorded in the steps S7-S10;
the calculation process of the core permeability K in step S8 and step S9 is as follows:
s81, recording the fluid viscosity mu of the used displacement medium in mPa S and the length L of the used core in cm before the experiment，And core cross-sectional area A in cm2；
S82, the data acquisition and processing system records the gas outlet flow Q of the core of the holderoutInlet pressure P1And an outlet pressure P2；
S83, obtaining the permeability K of the rock core at the moment according to a calculation formula, wherein the calculation formula is shown as the following formula:
wherein Q is the outlet flow of the corresponding fluid medium, and the unit ml/min; k is the permeability in mD; p is a radical of0Is atmospheric pressure, 0.1 MPa; the computer records and calculates the permeability value at each moment and outputs a permeability-time relation curve;
step S11 specifically includes the following substeps:
s111, calculating the displacement efficiency at different temperature moments according to a displacement efficiency a calculation formula, wherein the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein m isnFor displacing shale oil quality under different temperature conditions, taking m corresponding to 100 DEG C1M is taken at 200 DEG C2Taking m at 300 DEG C3M at 400 ℃4M is taken at 500 DEG C5；
S112, drawing a temperature and displacement efficiency curve;
the device for evaluating the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency comprises an injection system, a preheating system, a rock core clamping system, a pressure loading system, a flow detection system and a data acquisition and processing system; the injection system, the preheating system, the rock core clamping system and the flow detection system are sequentially connected through pipelines; the pressure loading system is connected with the rock core clamping system; the data acquisition and processing system is respectively connected with the injection system, the preheating system, the rock core clamping system, the pressure loading system and the flow detection system; the injection system comprises a gas injection system and a liquid injection system; the gas injection system is connected with the liquid injection system.
2. The test method for evaluating the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining displacement efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the gas injection system comprises a gas source (1), a driving valve (4), a booster pump (5), a high-pressure storage tank (6), a pressure regulating valve (7), an inlet gas flowmeter (9) and an inlet control valve (10) which are sequentially connected; a control valve (3) is arranged on a pipeline between the outlet of the air source (1) and the driving valve (4), and a pressure gauge (2) is arranged on a pipeline between the air source (1) and the control valve (3); a pressure gauge (8) of the pressure regulating valve is arranged on a pipeline between the pressure regulating valve (7) and the inlet gas flowmeter (9).
3. A test method for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis production according to claim 1, wherein the liquid injection system comprises a high pressure injection pump (12) and an intermediate vessel (11); the high-pressure injection pump (12) is connected with the intermediate container (11) and is used for providing power for shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement; the intermediate container (11) is connected with three cavities in parallel, and an outlet of the intermediate container (11) is arranged on a pipeline behind the inlet control valve (10).
4. A test method for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining according to claim 1, wherein the preheating system is composed of a preheater (13) and a preheater temperature monitor (14); an annular pipeline is arranged in the preheater (13) to heat fluid in the pipeline, and the heated fluid flows into the core clamping system from an outlet at the bottom of the preheater (13) through the annular pipeline; the preheater temperature monitor (14) collects temperature data inside the preheater (13) through a metal probe inserted inside the preheater.
5. The test method for evaluating the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis exploitation displacement efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the core holding system is a high-temperature high-pressure triaxial holding system, and the system comprises a heater (17), a pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) and an insulating layer (16); the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) is arranged in the heater (17), and the top of the pyrolysis reaction kettle (18) is provided with a core holder temperature monitor (15); an insulating layer (16) is arranged on the periphery of the heater (17); an annular pressure boosting liquid inlet pipe (28) is arranged on the heat-insulating layer (16); the upper port of the high-temperature high-pressure three-axis clamping system is connected with a ring pressure pump (19), and the ring pressure pump (19) is provided with a ring pressure fluid pressure sensor; the lower port of the high-temperature and high-pressure three-axis clamping system is connected with an axial pressure pump (21), and the axial pressure pump (21) is provided with an axial pressure sensor; the bottom of the high-temperature high-pressure triaxial clamping system is connected with a back pressure valve (27) and a back pressure pump (20) which are connected in sequence; an inlet pressure gauge (29) is connected to a fluid inlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, an outlet fluid control valve (22) is installed at a fluid outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system, and an outlet pressure gauge (30) is arranged on a pipeline between the fluid outlet of the high-temperature and high-pressure triaxial clamping system and the outlet fluid control valve (22).
6. The test method for evaluating the shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining displacement efficiency according to claim 1, wherein the flow detection system comprises a condenser pipe (23), an electronic balance (24), an outlet gas flow meter (25) and a tail gas treatment device (26) which are sequentially connected in sequence; the condensation pipe (23) is connected with the outlet fluid control valve (22).
7. The test method for evaluating the displacement efficiency of shale oil in-situ pyrolysis mining according to claim 1, wherein the data acquisition and processing system is a computer with data acquisition and analysis capability.
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| CN114166999A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-11 | 中国石油大学(北京) | Oil reservoir type gas storage simulation experiment device and method |
| CN114509378B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2022-07-01 | 太原理工大学 | Simulation device and experimental method for seepage and pyrolysis in-situ mining of organic rock |
| CN116625906B (en) * | 2023-07-20 | 2023-10-20 | 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 | Dual-channel rock core top plug, pressure simulation device and nuclear magnetic resonance online displacement system |
| CN116973292B (en) * | 2023-09-25 | 2023-11-24 | 中国石油大学(华东) | Multifunctional high-temperature high-pressure reservoir rock core damage evaluation experimental device and method |
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