CN113323886B - Self-suction centrifugal pump - Google Patents

Self-suction centrifugal pump Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113323886B
CN113323886B CN202110758702.6A CN202110758702A CN113323886B CN 113323886 B CN113323886 B CN 113323886B CN 202110758702 A CN202110758702 A CN 202110758702A CN 113323886 B CN113323886 B CN 113323886B
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China
Prior art keywords
water
flow guide
water inlet
pump
self
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CN113323886A (en
Inventor
颜土富
颜成刚
林荣
张逸
金士海
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Leo Group Zhejiang Pump Co Ltd
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Leo Group Zhejiang Pump Co Ltd
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Priority to CN202110758702.6A priority Critical patent/CN113323886B/en
Publication of CN113323886A publication Critical patent/CN113323886A/en
Priority to PCT/CN2022/081966 priority patent/WO2023279769A1/en
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D13/00Pumping installations or systems
    • F04D13/02Units comprising pumps and their driving means
    • F04D13/06Units comprising pumps and their driving means the pump being electrically driven
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/40Casings; Connections of working fluid
    • F04D29/42Casings; Connections of working fluid for radial or helico-centrifugal pumps
    • F04D29/44Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers
    • F04D29/445Fluid-guiding means, e.g. diffusers especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D29/00Details, component parts, or accessories
    • F04D29/66Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing
    • F04D29/669Combating cavitation, whirls, noise, vibration or the like; Balancing especially adapted for liquid pumps
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F04POSITIVE - DISPLACEMENT MACHINES FOR LIQUIDS; PUMPS FOR LIQUIDS OR ELASTIC FLUIDS
    • F04DNON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT PUMPS
    • F04D9/00Priming; Preventing vapour lock
    • F04D9/02Self-priming pumps

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal pumps, and particularly relates to a self-suction centrifugal pump which comprises a pump body, a water inlet, a water outlet, an impeller, a water inlet channel, an inlet support assembly, a flow guide assembly and a pressure supplementing assembly, wherein the pump body is provided with a water inlet pipe and a water outlet pipe; a water inlet channel is arranged in the pump body, one end of the water inlet channel is communicated with the outside through a horizontally arranged water inlet, and the other end of the water inlet channel is communicated with the outside through a vertically arranged water outlet; the water level of the inlet is increased under the action of the inlet bracket assembly, so that the phenomenon that the injected starting water flows out of the water outlet to influence the starting of the centrifugal pump is avoided, and the starting water is ensured to be smoothly filled in the pump body; impeller stall because the effect of breakwater for inside remaining water of the pump body receives the separation of breakwater and can't flow through the water inlet, and preserve inside the pump body, as the start-up water when centrifugal pump starts next, reduce the preparation before the centrifugal pump starts next, make the start-up of centrifugal pump more smooth.

Description

Self-suction centrifugal pump
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of centrifugal pumps, and particularly relates to a self-suction centrifugal pump.
Background
Centrifugal pumps operate by causing water to move centrifugally as a result of the rotation of an impeller. Before the water pump is started, the pump shell and the water suction pipe are filled with water, then the motor is started, the pump shaft drives the impeller and the water to rotate at a high speed, the water is thrown to the outer edge of the impeller to be thrown into a water pressure pipeline of the water pump through a flow channel of the volute-shaped pump shell. Self-priming centrifugal pump belongs to one kind of centrifugal pump. The centrifugal pump is characterized in that the pump does not need to be filled before the first start, and the pump does not need to be filled when the centrifugal pump is started again, and the gas in the suction pipe can be automatically pumped out to normally convey liquid. The pump is additionally provided with a suction chamber at the inlet, a suction pipe is arranged above the central line of an impeller, a part of liquid is remained in the suction chamber after the pump is stopped, when the pump is started again, the liquid remained in the suction chamber circulates in the pump, gas in a suction pipeline is sucked into the impeller, the liquid enters a gas-liquid separation chamber additionally arranged at the outlet after the liquid is mixed in the impeller (internal mixing type) or at the impeller outlet (external mixing type) to separate the gas from the liquid, the gas is discharged out of the pump, the liquid flows back to the suction chamber until the suction pipe is full of the liquid, and the liquid is normally conveyed.
A patent related to a technical scheme of a self-priming pump also appears in the prior art, and for example, a chinese patent with application number CN2014108021716 discloses a self-priming pump. The impeller type gas-liquid separator comprises a pump shell provided with a liquid inlet and a liquid outlet and a rotating shaft rotatably arranged in the pump shell, wherein at least one pressurizing chamber and a gas-liquid separation chamber are arranged in the pump shell, and an impeller is arranged in each pressurizing chamber on the rotating shaft. Wherein a liquid storage chamber is arranged between the pressurizing chamber and the liquid inlet, the self-priming pump further comprises a communicating pipe with an inlet end and an outlet end, the communicating pipe is arranged on the pump shell and is arranged between the pressurizing chamber and the liquid inlet, the inlet end of the communicating pipe is connected with the liquid inlet, in a plurality of cross sections in the direction vertical to the medium flowing direction, at least one cross section of the communicating pipe is higher than the lowest point of the suction inlet of the impeller, and at least one cross section is positioned above the inlet end; however, the above patent still has a defect that the communicating pipe at the inlet end is arranged in a bent manner, so that when the communicating pipe is connected with an external water pipe, the combined position of the external water pipe and the communicating pipe is in a bent shape, and in the starting process of the water pump, water flow impacts the bent position, so that the bent position is easily subjected to a large impact action and large abrasion, the service life is shortened, and the connecting part is easily dropped to influence the normal work of the centrifugal pump; and the water flow velocity in the pump body is faster under the action of the impeller, the generated noise is larger, the impact effect on the internal parts of the pump body is also larger, the abrasion of the centrifugal pump is easy to cause overlarge abrasion, and the service life of the centrifugal pump is influenced.
In view of this, the present invention provides a self-priming centrifugal pump to solve the above technical problems.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to make up for the defects of the prior art, the self-priming centrifugal pump solves the problems that the existing self-priming centrifugal pump is difficult to connect with a water pipe at an external water source, and the impact effect on internal parts is large due to the over-high flow speed in the self-priming circulation process of water flow in the pump body; the invention provides a self-suction centrifugal pump.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problems is as follows: the invention relates to a self-priming centrifugal pump which comprises a pump body, a water inlet, a water outlet, an impeller, a water inlet channel, an inlet support assembly, a flow guide assembly and a pressure supplementing assembly, wherein the pump body is provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; a water inlet channel is arranged in the pump body, one end of the water inlet channel is communicated with the outside through a horizontally arranged water inlet, the other end of the water inlet channel is communicated with the outside through a vertically arranged water outlet, a pressure compensating assembly is arranged on the side wall of the water outlet through a bolt, and the pressure compensating assembly is used for compensating the pressure in the water outlet; a rotating shaft is arranged in the middle of the water inlet channel, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected with a motor arranged in the pump body; the impeller is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft, and a suction inlet on the impeller is close to the rotating shaft; a flow guide body assembly is arranged at the gap position between the impellers, and a backflow channel is formed by the gap between the excircle position of the flow guide body assembly and the inner wall of the pump body; the utility model discloses a water inlet, including inlet channel, inlet bracket assembly, breakwater and water injection bolt, be close to the position of water inlet in the inlet channel, inlet bracket assembly includes the annular support body, from inhaling valve, breakwater and water injection bolt, the position that is close to the water inlet in the annular support body nestification is close to in the inlet channel, and the annular support body internal surface has linked firmly the breakwater, and the breakwater top is higher than the water inlet and is equipped with the guiding gutter, keep the clearance between guiding gutter tip and the pump body inner wall, the breakwater top has linked firmly the water injection bolt, and keeps away from the surface of water inlet on the breakwater and has linked firmly from inhaling the valve, from inhaling the valve bottom and communicating with each other with the backward flow passageway.
When the centrifugal pump works, when the centrifugal pump starts to start, the water inlet is connected with a water pipe communicated with a water source through threads, and the water outlet is connected with a working water pipe; after the water pipe is connected, the water injection bolt is opened, starting water passes through the interior of the pump body along a threaded hole where the water injection bolt is located, the threaded hole where the water injection bolt is located is over against the diversion groove on the water baffle, so that the starting water smoothly flows into the interior of the pump body through the water baffle along the diversion groove, the diversion groove is higher than the water inlet, and the water baffle has a barrier effect on water in the pump body, the injected starting water is prevented from flowing out of the water inlet to influence the starting of the centrifugal pump, the starting water is guaranteed to be filled in the interior of the pump body smoothly, original air in the interior of the pump body is squeezed out, and the cavitation phenomenon in the working process of the centrifugal pump is avoided; a gap is kept between the end part of the diversion trench and the inner wall of the pump body, so that the end part of the diversion trench and the inner wall of the pump body are prevented from colliding and being damaged due to the extrusion effect of assembly or water flow impact; after the starting water is filled in the pump body, the preparation before the centrifugal pump is started is finished, then a motor in the centrifugal pump is started, the motor drives a rotating shaft to rotate, the rotating shaft drives an impeller to rotate and act on the starting water, the starting water flows out from a water outlet under the centrifugal action and generates negative pressure at a suction inlet on the impeller, so that the water in a water source is continuously sucked into the pump body under the action of the negative pressure and flows out to the water outlet along a water inlet channel to play a role; the impeller is a two-stage impeller, so that the structure is simple, the rotating shaft is short, the gap between the impeller and the rotating shaft is small, the shaking is small, and the generated noise is small; in the process that water flows through the flow guide body assembly, the flow guide body assembly starts to pressurize and guide flowing water, the water in the water inlet channel is accelerated to flow to the water outlet, the water is acted by the pressure supplementing assembly in the water outlet, the water pressure balance inside the water outlet is ensured through the action of the pressure supplementing assembly, the damage to the side wall of the water outlet caused by the change of the water pressure in the water outlet is avoided, and the flowing water is more stable; after the centrifugal pump is used, the motor is turned off, the impeller stops rotating, and water in the water source also stops flowing into the pump body; due to the action of the water baffle, the residual water in the pump body is blocked by the water baffle and cannot flow out through the water inlet, so that the residual water in the pump body can be stored in the pump body and can be used as starting water for the next starting of the centrifugal pump, the preparation work before the next starting of the centrifugal pump is reduced, and the starting of the centrifugal pump is smoother; when the water pump is started next time, starting a motor, starting a circulating self-priming process of water in the pump body, firstly driving an impeller to rotate by the motor, enabling residual water in the centrifugal pump to flow under the action of the impeller and continuously receive a supercharging action under the action of the impeller, enabling a self-priming valve to be started due to the fact that air exists in the water, enabling the water to be close to the self-priming valve again under the action of the self-priming valve after flowing out of a last-stage impeller, enabling the water to flow out of the self-priming valve and flow into a suction inlet of a first-stage impeller, enabling the water to form circulating flow through the suction inlet of the impeller again, and completing the circulating self-priming process; in the process of circulating self-priming flow, air contained in water is separated from water under the stirring action of the impeller and the flow guide body assembly and flows out of the water outlet, so that the air contained in the water is reduced, and the cavitation phenomenon generated when the centrifugal pump works is further reduced; when the air contained in the water is sufficiently removed, the self-suction valve is closed, and the pump body pumps normal water from the water source, so that the continuous normal work of the interior of the pump body is ensured.
Preferably, a limiting block is arranged above the self-suction valve on the water baffle and is used for guiding the backflow water and enhancing the self-suction effect; the limiting block is positioned on the water baffle and is concave towards the surface of the water inlet, and a first concave part is formed.
During operation, in the circulating self-priming process, after water flows out of the self-priming valve through the backflow channel, the water flows into the suction inlet of the first-stage impeller under the drainage action of the limiting block and is accelerated, the circulating flow of the water flow is further accelerated, the preparation time of the self-priming pump before normal operation is shortened, and the working efficiency of the self-priming pump is improved; and because the stopper indent, just appear a depressed part just to water inlet department at the breakwater and make normal during operation, external rivers flow into the pump body through the water inlet at first after inside the depressed part that flows in to in the clearance flows into the water inlet channel between breakwater and the pump body inner wall after the depressed part stops for a short time, make the breakwater receive the buffering, reduced the impact of rivers to the breakwater, thereby reduced the wearing and tearing of breakwater, improved the life of import bracket component.
Preferably, the guide bodies include a general guide body and a tail end guide body, and the general guide body is mounted on the rotating shaft at a gap position between the impellers; the tail end flow guide body is arranged on the rotating shaft and is positioned on one side of the impeller, which is far away from the water inlet, and the tail end flow guide body is positioned below the water outlet; the tail end flow guide body comprises a flow guide ring and a flow guide plate, the flow guide ring is nested on the side wall of the water inlet channel, the inner surface of the flow guide ring is fixedly connected with the flow guide plate, and a plurality of water outlet grooves are uniformly formed in the joint part of the surface of the flow guide plate, which is opposite to the impeller, and the inner surface of the flow guide ring; a through hole is formed in the middle of the drainage plate, and the rotating shaft penetrates through the through hole.
When the self-priming pump works, in the self-priming circulation process, water passes through the suction inlet of the impeller and then is continuously pressurized under the action of the impeller and a half of the flow guide body, so that when the water continuously flows to be contacted with the tail end flow guide body, the water collides with the flow guide plate on the tail end flow guide body, the flow rate of the water is reduced, the water-air separation is accelerated, the air contained in the flowing water is accelerated to overflow and flows to the outside through the water outlet, the air contained in the flowing water is reduced, the cavitation phenomenon in the pump head is reduced, and the abrasion of the internal structure of the pump body is reduced; when flowing water flows along the surface of the drainage plate after being blocked from contacting the drainage plate, and flows through the first through hole formed in the middle of the drainage plate, the water flows to a gap between the drainage plate and the stainless steel bracket cover in the pump body, the volume is suddenly increased, the water-gas separation is further accelerated, the air of the flowing water smoothly overflows, then the water flows along the surface of the drainage plate back to the impeller and flows out from the water outlet groove, flows to the backflow channel under the action of the self-suction valve, and participates in the circulating self-suction process.
Preferably, the surface of the drainage plate opposite to the impeller is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of rib plates, the end parts of the rib plates are fixedly connected with the combination part of the drainage plate and the drainage ring, the water outlet grooves are positioned at the gap parts between the rib plates, the side wall surfaces of the water outlet grooves are inclined planes which are parallel to each other, and the side wall surfaces in the water outlet grooves which are distributed annularly are inclined along the same rotation direction.
When the drainage plate works, the structural strength of the drainage plate is enhanced through the effect of the rib plate, the drainage plate is prevented from being damaged under the impact action of continuously flowing water flow, the end part of the rib plate is connected with the joint part of the drainage plate and the drainage ring, the joint strength of the drainage plate and the drainage ring is enhanced, and the phenomenon that the drainage plate and the drainage ring are separated under the impact action of the water flow, so that the service life of a tail-end flow guide body is influenced, is avoided; the water outlet groove is positioned in the gap between the rib plates, so that water passing through the first through hole flows out of the water outlet groove in a concentrated manner under the guiding action of the rib plates, and the circulating self-absorption process of the water in the pump body is accelerated; and the inner surfaces of the water outlet grooves are parallel inclined planes, so that the water outlet grooves which are distributed annularly are inclined chutes which are inclined along the same spiral direction, and therefore, water passing through the water outlet grooves further presents spiral flow under the limiting action of the inner surfaces of the water outlet grooves, the process of water-gas separation is accelerated, and the cavitation phenomenon is further reduced.
Preferably, the pressure supplementing assembly comprises a pressure tank and a pressure sensor, the pressure tank comprises a tank body, a guide sleeve and an air bag, a hole is horizontally formed in the side wall of the water outlet, a guide port in the side wall of the tank body is connected with the hole through threads, the guide port is communicated with the inside of the tank body, the air bag is arranged at the position, right opposite to the guide port, of the inside of the tank body, the guide sleeve is arranged at the position, right opposite to the guide port, of the inside of the air bag, the guide sleeve is connected with the side wall of the tank body through a spring, and the pressure sensor is located at the position, opposite to the hole, of the side wall of the water outlet.
When the centrifugal pump is closed after work is finished, water pressure in the water outlet is suddenly increased at the closing moment, water in the water outlet flows to the first hole at an accelerated speed, flows into the tank body from the first hole through the guide port and extrudes the end part of the air bag opposite to the guide port to deform the air bag, the end part of the guide sleeve opposite to the guide port in the air bag is simultaneously pressed and extrudes the connected spring to move in the direction far away from the guide port, along with the deformation of the spring and the air bag, the impact effect of water flow is relieved, the water in the water inlet flows into the tank body, and the impact effect of the water flow on the side wall of the water outlet is reduced; the pressure in the water outlet is reduced, the spring connected with the guide sleeve is deformed and restored, so that the guide sleeve is restored and the air bag is pushed to restore, the water entering the tank body is extruded out, the pressure and the water quantity in the pump body are supplemented, the pressure and the water quantity in the pump body are balanced, and the extruded water flow impacts the pressure sensor, so that the pressure sensor can conveniently record the service condition of the pressure tank, and the pressure tank can be adjusted; in addition, compare with current overhead tank, need not carry out the tonifying qi from the external world and can realize the benefit pressure effect to the centrifugal pump, easy and simple to handle to use plastics material, simple structure, with low costs, long service life.
Preferably, the diameter of the cross section of the inner surface of the tank body is larger than that of the guide opening, a second concave part is arranged on the surface of the end part of the air bag, and the second concave part is concave towards the direction far away from the first hole.
When the pump body works, the cross section of the inner surface of the tank body is larger, so that the volume in the tank body is larger, the pressure tank is convenient to store more water, and when the pressure water in the pump body is insufficient, the insufficient water and pressure in the pump body can be fully supplemented; the second concave part is arranged at the position, which is opposite to the first hole, on the surface of the air bag, when the air bag is reset, the inner surface of the second concave part is beneficial to concentrating contacted water in the moving process along with the air bag, so that the water flow which is extruded out is more concentrated, and the pressure supplement to the interior of the pump body is ensured; the air bag is impacted by the pressure in the water outlet, the end part of the air bag is pressed and concentrated by the inner surface of the recess, the impact action is fully converted into elastic potential energy, and the elastic potential energy is not supplemented to the pressure in the pump body to be reserved.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. according to the self-priming centrifugal pump, the water level of the inlet is increased under the action of the inlet support assembly, so that the phenomenon that the injected starting water flows out of the water outlet to influence the starting of the centrifugal pump is avoided, and the starting water is ensured to be smoothly filled in the pump body; impeller stall because the effect of breakwater for inside remaining water of the pump body receives the separation of breakwater and can't flow through the water inlet, and preserve inside the pump body, as the start-up water when centrifugal pump starts next, reduce the preparation before the centrifugal pump starts next, make the start-up of centrifugal pump more smooth.
2. According to the self-priming centrifugal pump, in the self-priming circulation process of the centrifugal pump, flowing water is in contact with the drainage plate on the tail end flow guide body, so that the flow velocity of the water is reduced, the water-gas separation is accelerated, air contained in the flowing water is accelerated to overflow and flows to the outside through the water outlet, and the air contained in the flowing water is reduced, so that the cavitation phenomenon in the pump head is reduced, and the abrasion of the internal structure of the pump body is reduced; and when water flows to the gap between the drainage plate and the stainless steel bracket cover in the pump body, the volume is suddenly increased, the water-gas separation is further accelerated, and the air of flowing water overflows smoothly.
Drawings
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is an enlarged view of a portion of FIG. 1 at B;
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of an entry bracket assembly of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of another alternate view of the intake brace assembly of the present invention;
fig. 6 is a perspective view of the end flow conductor of the present invention;
in the figure: the pump body 1, the water inlet 11, the water outlet 12, the first hole 121, the impeller 13, the suction inlet 131, the backflow channel 14, the water inlet channel 2, the rotating shaft 21, the inlet bracket assembly 3, the annular frame body 31, the self-suction valve 32, the water baffle 33, the water injection bolt 34, the diversion trench 35, the limiting block 36, the first recess 361, the diversion body assembly 4, the general diversion body 41, the tail end diversion body 42, the diversion ring 421, the diversion plate 422, the water outlet trench 423, the first through hole 424, the rib plate 425, the inclined plane 426, the pressure compensating assembly 5, the pressure tank 51, the tank body 511, the guide sleeve 512, the air bag 513, the guide port 514, the second recess 515 and the pressure sensor 52.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical means, the creation characteristics, the achievement purposes and the effects of the invention easy to understand, the invention is further described with the specific embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the self-priming centrifugal pump of the present invention comprises a pump body 1, a water inlet 11, a water outlet 12, an impeller 13, a water inlet channel 2, an inlet bracket assembly 3, a flow guide assembly 4 and a pressure compensating assembly 5; a water inlet channel 2 is arranged in the pump body 1, one end of the water inlet channel 2 is communicated with the outside through a horizontally arranged water inlet 11, the other end of the water inlet channel 2 is communicated with the outside through a vertically arranged water outlet 12, a pressure compensating assembly 5 is arranged on the side wall of the water outlet 12 through a bolt, and the pressure compensating assembly 5 is used for compensating the pressure in the water outlet 12; a rotating shaft 21 is arranged in the middle of the water inlet channel 2, and one end of the rotating shaft 21 is connected with a motor arranged in the pump body 1; the impeller 13 is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 21, and a suction port 131 on the impeller 13 is close to the rotating shaft 21; a flow guide body assembly 4 is arranged at a gap part between the impellers 13, and a backflow channel 14 is formed by a gap between the excircle part of the flow guide body assembly 4 and the inner wall of the pump body 1; the position that is close to water inlet 11 in the inhalant canal 2 installs import bracket component 3, import bracket component 3 includes annular support body 31, from inhaling valve 32, breakwater 33 and water injection bolt 34, annular support body 31 nestification is close to the position of water inlet 11 in inhalant canal 2, and annular support body 31 internal surface has linked firmly breakwater 33, and breakwater 33 top is higher than water inlet 11 and is equipped with guiding gutter 35, keep the clearance between guiding gutter 35 tip and the 1 inner wall of the pump body, breakwater 33 top has linked firmly water injection bolt 34, and keeps away from water inlet 11 on the breakwater 33 the surface has linked firmly from inhaling valve 32, communicate with each other with return channel 14 from inhaling valve 32 bottom.
When the centrifugal pump works, when the centrifugal pump starts to be started, the water inlet 11 is connected with a water pipe communicated with a water source through threads, the water outlet 12 is connected with a working water pipe, because the water inlet 11 and the water outlet 12 are straight pipes vertical to the surface of the connected pump body 1, the connection between the water outlet 12 and the water inlet 11 is smoother, and when water flows through the centrifugal pump in the starting process, the impact force of flowing water on a joint part of the water inlet 11 and the connecting water pipe is smaller; after the water pipe is connected, the water injection bolt 34 is opened, the starting water firstly passes through the interior of the pump body 1 along the threaded hole where the water injection bolt 34 is located, and the threaded hole where the water injection bolt 34 is located is over against the diversion groove 35 on the water baffle 33, so that the starting water smoothly flows into the interior of the pump body 1 through the water baffle 33 along the diversion groove 35, and the diversion groove 35 is higher than the water inlet 11, and the water baffle 33 has a barrier effect on the water in the pump body 1, thereby preventing the injected starting water from flowing out of the water inlet 11 to influence the starting of the centrifugal pump, ensuring that the starting water is smoothly filled in the pump body 1, extruding the original air in the pump body 1, and avoiding the cavitation phenomenon in the working process of the centrifugal pump; a gap is kept between the end part of the diversion trench 35 and the inner wall of the pump body 1, so that the end part of the diversion trench 35 is effectively prevented from colliding with and being damaged by the extrusion effect of assembly or water flow impact; after the starting water is filled in the pump body 1, the preparation before the centrifugal pump is started is finished, then a motor in the centrifugal pump is started, the motor drives a rotating shaft 21 to rotate, the rotating shaft 21 drives an impeller 13 to rotate and act on the starting water, the starting water flows out from a water outlet 12 under the centrifugal action and generates negative pressure at a suction inlet 131 on the impeller 13, so that the water in a water source is continuously sucked into the pump body 1 under the negative pressure action and flows out to the water outlet 12 along a water inlet channel 2 to play a role; the impeller 13 is a two-stage impeller 13, the structure is simple, the rotating shaft 21 is short, the gap between the impeller 13 and the rotating shaft 21 is small, the shaking is small, and the generated noise is small; in the process that water flows through the flow guide body assembly 4, the flow guide body assembly 4 has the functions of pressurizing and guiding the flowing water, the water in the water inlet channel 2 is accelerated to flow to the water outlet 12, the water is subjected to the action of the pressure supplementing assembly 5 in the water outlet 12, the water pressure balance inside the water outlet 12 is ensured through the action of the pressure supplementing assembly 5, the side wall of the water outlet 12 is prevented from being damaged due to the change of the water pressure in the water outlet 12, and the flowing water is more stable; after the centrifugal pump is used, the motor is turned off, the impeller 13 stops rotating, and water in a water source also stops flowing into the pump body 1; due to the action of the water baffle 33, the residual water in the pump body 1 is blocked by the water baffle 33 and cannot flow out through the water inlet 11, so that the residual water in the pump body 1 can be stored in the pump body 1 and can be used as starting water when the centrifugal pump is started next time, the preparation work before the centrifugal pump is started next time is reduced, and the starting of the centrifugal pump is smoother; when the next time of starting, starting the motor, starting the circulation self-priming process of the water in the pump body 1, firstly, the motor drives the impeller 13 to rotate, the residual water in the centrifugal pump flows under the action of the impeller 13 and is continuously pressurized under the action of the impeller 13, because the water contains air, the self-priming valve 32 is started, the water flows out from the final-stage impeller 13, is acted by the self-priming valve 32 to approach the self-priming valve 32 again along the backflow channel 14, flows out through the self-priming valve 32 and flows into the suction inlet 131 of the first-stage impeller 13, and forms circulation flow through the suction inlet 131 of the impeller 13 again, thus completing the circulation self-priming process; in the process of circulating self-priming flow, air contained in water is separated from water under the stirring action of the impeller 13 and the flow guide body component 4 and flows out of the water outlet 12, so that the air contained in the water is reduced, and the cavitation phenomenon generated when the centrifugal pump works is further reduced; when the air contained in the water is sufficiently removed, the self-suction valve 32 is closed, and the pump body 1 pumps normal water from the water source, so that the continuous normal operation of the interior of the pump body 1 is ensured.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a limiting block 36 is disposed on the water baffle 33 above the self-priming valve 32, and the limiting block 36 is used for guiding the backflow water and enhancing the self-priming effect; the position of the limiting block 36, which is located on the water baffle 33 and faces the surface of the water inlet 11, is concave, and a first concave part 361 is formed.
During operation, in the process of circulating self-priming, after water flows out of the self-priming valve 32 through the backflow channel 14, the water is subjected to the drainage action of the limiting block 36 and is accelerated to flow into the suction port 131 of the first-stage impeller 13, so that the circulating flow of the water is further accelerated, the preparation time of the self-priming pump before normal operation is shortened, and the working efficiency of the self-priming pump is improved; and because the stopper 36 indent, just appear a depressed part 361 just to water inlet 11 department at breakwater 33 and make normal during operation, outside rivers flow into pump body 1 inside back through water inlet 11 and at first flow into a depressed part 361 at first, and in the gap inflow inhalant canal 2 between breakwater 33 and the pump body 1 inner wall after the depressed part 361 stays for the short time, make breakwater 33 receive the buffering, the impact of rivers to breakwater 33 has been reduced, thereby the wearing and tearing of breakwater 33 have been reduced, the life of import bracket component 3 has been improved.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the flow guide body includes a general flow guide body 41 and a terminal flow guide body 42, the general flow guide body 41 is installed on the rotating shaft 21 at a gap portion between the impellers 13; the tail end flow guide body 42 is arranged on the rotating shaft 21 and is positioned on one side of the impeller 13 far away from the water inlet 11, and the tail end flow guide body 42 is positioned below the water outlet 12; the end flow guide body 42 comprises a flow guide ring 421 and a flow guide plate 422, the flow guide ring 421 is nested on the side wall of the water inlet channel 2, the inner surface of the flow guide ring 421 is fixedly connected with the flow guide plate 422, and a plurality of water outlet grooves 423 are uniformly arranged at the joint part of the surface of the flow guide plate 422 facing the impeller 13 and the inner surface of the flow guide ring 421; a through hole 424 is formed in the middle of the drainage plate 422, and the rotating shaft 21 penetrates through the through hole 424.
During operation, in the self-priming circulation process, water passes through the suction inlet 131 of the impeller 13 and then is continuously pressurized under the action of the impeller 13 and a half of the flow guide body, so that when the water continuously flows to be in contact with the tail end flow guide body 42, the water collides with the flow guide plate 422 on the flow guide body, the flow rate of the water is reduced, the water-gas separation is accelerated, air contained in the flowing water is accelerated to overflow and flows to the outside through the water outlet 12, the air contained in the flowing water is reduced, the cavitation phenomenon in the pump head is reduced, and the abrasion of the internal structure of the pump body 1 is reduced; when the flowing water is hindered from contacting the drainage plate 422, the flowing water flows along the surface of the drainage plate 422 and passes through the first through hole 424 formed in the middle of the drainage plate 422, the water flows to the gap between the drainage plate 422 and the stainless steel bracket cover inside the pump body 1, the volume is suddenly increased, the water-vapor separation is further accelerated, the air of the flowing water smoothly overflows, then the water flows along the surface of the drainage plate 422, which is opposite to the impeller 13, flows out of the water outlet groove 423 and flows to the backflow channel 14 under the action of the self-priming valve 32, and the circulating self-priming process is participated.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of rib plates 425 are uniformly fixedly connected to a surface of the flow guiding plate 422 opposite to the impeller 13, ends of the rib plates 425 are fixedly connected to a joint portion of the flow guiding plate 422 and the flow guiding ring 421, the water outlet grooves 423 are located at a gap portion between the rib plates 425, and the side wall surfaces of the water outlet grooves 423 are inclined planes 426 that are parallel to each other, and the side wall surfaces of the water outlet grooves 423 that are distributed annularly are inclined along the same rotation direction.
During operation, the structural strength of the drainage plate 422 is enhanced through the action of the rib plate 425, the drainage plate 422 is prevented from being damaged under the impact action of continuously flowing water flow, the end part of the rib plate 425 is connected with the joint part of the drainage plate 422 and the drainage ring 421, the joint strength of the drainage plate 422 and the drainage ring 421 is enhanced, the separation between the drainage plate 422 and the drainage ring 421 under the impact action of the water flow is avoided, and the service life of the tail end flow guide body 42 is prevented from being influenced; the water outlet groove 423 is positioned in the gap between the rib plates 425, so that water passing through the first through hole 424 flows out of the water outlet groove 423 intensively under the guiding action of the rib plates 425, and the circulating self-priming process of the water in the pump body 1 is accelerated; and the inner surface of the water outlet groove 423 is a parallel inclined surface 426, so that the water outlet grooves 423 distributed annularly are inclined chutes along the same spiral direction, and therefore, water passing through the water outlet groove 423 further presents spiral flow under the limiting action of the inner surface of the water outlet groove 423, the process of water-gas separation is accelerated, and the cavitation phenomenon is further reduced.
As a specific embodiment of the present invention, the pressure compensating assembly 5 includes a pressure tank 51 and a pressure sensor 52, the pressure tank 51 includes a tank 511, a guide sleeve 512 and an air bag 513, the side wall of the water outlet 12 is horizontally provided with a first hole 121, a guide port 514 on the side wall of the tank 511 is in threaded connection with the first hole 121, the guide port 514 is communicated with the inside of the tank 511, the air bag 513 is arranged at a position facing the guide port 514 inside the tank 511, the guide sleeve 512 is arranged at a position facing the guide port 514 inside the air bag 513, the guide sleeve 512 is connected with the side wall of the tank 511 by a spring, and the pressure sensor 52 is located at a position where the side wall of the water outlet 12 is opposite to the first hole 121.
During operation, when the centrifugal pump is closed after the operation is finished, at the closing moment, the water pressure in the water outlet 12 is suddenly increased, water in the water outlet 12 is accelerated to flow to the first hole 121, and flows into the tank body 511 from the first hole 121 through the guide port 514, and extrudes the end part of the air bag 513 opposite to the guide port 514, so that the air bag 513 deforms, the end part of the guide sleeve 512 opposite to the guide port 514 in the air bag 513 is simultaneously pressed and extrudes the connected spring to move in the direction far away from the guide port 514, and along with the deformation of the spring and the air bag 513, the impact effect of water flow is relieved, and the impact effect of water flow on the side wall of the water outlet 12 is reduced; the pressure inside the water outlet 12 is reduced, the spring connected with the guide sleeve 512 is deformed and restored, so that the guide sleeve 512 is restored and pushes the air bag 513 to be restored, the water entering the tank body 511 is extruded out, the pressure and the water quantity inside the pump body 1 are supplemented, the pressure and the water quantity inside the pump body 1 are balanced, the extruded water flow impacts the pressure sensor 52, the pressure sensor 52 can conveniently record the use condition of the pressure tank 51, and the pressure tank 51 can be adjusted; in addition, compared with the existing pressure tank 51, the pressure supplementing effect of the centrifugal pump can be realized without supplementing air from the outside, the operation is simple and convenient, and the pressure supplementing tank is made of plastic materials, has a simple structure and low cost and has long service life.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of the cross section of the inner surface of the can 511 is larger than that of the guide port 514, and the end surface of the airbag 513 is provided with a second concave portion 515, and the second concave portion 515 is concave in a direction away from the first hole 121.
When the pump works, the cross section of the inner surface of the tank body 511 is larger, so that the volume inside the tank body 511 is larger, the pressure tank 51 can store more water conveniently, and when the pressure water quantity inside the pump body 1 is insufficient, the insufficient water quantity and pressure inside the pump body 1 can be fully supplemented; moreover, because the second concave part 515 is arranged at the position of the surface of the air bag 513, which is opposite to the first hole 121, when the air bag 513 is reset, the inner surface of the second concave part 515 is beneficial to concentrating the contacted water in the moving process along with the air bag 513, so that the squeezed water flow is more concentrated, and the pressure compensation to the inside of the pump body 1 is ensured; and the impact air bag 513 with larger internal pressure at the water outlet 12 is characterized in that the end part of the air bag 513 is pressed and concentrated by the concave inner surface, the impact action is fully converted into elastic potential energy, and the elastic potential energy is not well compensated for the internal pressure of the pump body 1.
The specific working process is as follows:
when the centrifugal pump works, the water injection bolt 34 is opened, starting water firstly passes through the interior of the pump body 1 along the threaded hole where the water injection bolt 34 is located, the threaded hole where the water injection bolt 34 is located is over against the diversion groove 35 on the water baffle 33, so that the starting water smoothly flows into the interior of the pump body 1 through the water baffle 33 along the diversion groove 35, the diversion groove 35 is higher than the water inlet 11, and the water baffle 33 has a blocking effect on water in the pump body 1, so that the injected starting water is prevented from flowing out of the water inlet 11 to influence the starting of the centrifugal pump, the starting water is guaranteed to be smoothly filled in the pump body 1, the original air in the pump body 1 is squeezed out, and the cavitation phenomenon in the working process of the centrifugal pump is avoided; a gap is kept between the end part of the diversion trench 35 and the inner wall of the pump body 1, so that the end part of the diversion trench 35 is effectively prevented from colliding with and being damaged by the extrusion effect of assembly or water flow impact; after the centrifugal pump is used, the motor is turned off, the impeller 13 stops rotating, and water in a water source also stops flowing into the pump body 1; due to the action of the water baffle 33, the residual water in the pump body 1 is blocked by the water baffle 33 and cannot flow out through the water inlet 11, so that the residual water in the pump body 1 can be stored in the pump body 1 and can be used as starting water when the centrifugal pump is started next time, the preparation work before the centrifugal pump is started next time is reduced, and the starting of the centrifugal pump is smoother; when the next time of starting, starting the motor, starting the circulation self-priming process of the water in the pump body 1, firstly, the motor drives the impeller 13 to rotate, the residual water in the centrifugal pump flows under the action of the impeller 13 and is continuously pressurized under the action of the impeller 13, because the water contains air, the self-priming valve 32 is started, the water flows out from the final-stage impeller 13, is acted by the self-priming valve 32 to approach the self-priming valve 32 again along the backflow channel 14, flows out through the self-priming valve 32 and flows into the suction inlet 131 of the first-stage impeller 13, and forms circulation flow through the suction inlet 131 of the impeller 13 again, thus completing the circulation self-priming process; in the process of circulating self-priming flow, air contained in water is separated from water under the stirring action of the impeller 13 and the flow guide body component 4 and flows out of the water outlet 12, so that the air contained in the water is reduced, and the cavitation phenomenon generated when the centrifugal pump works is further reduced; when the air contained in the water is sufficiently removed, the self-suction valve 32 is closed, and the pump body 1 pumps normal water from a water source, so that the continuous normal work of the interior of the pump body 1 is ensured; in the self-priming circulation process, after passing through the suction inlet 131 of the impeller 13, water is continuously pressurized under the action of the impeller 13 and a half of the flow guide body, so that when the water continuously flows to be contacted with the tail end flow guide body 42, the water collides with the flow guide plate 422 on the flow guide body, the flow rate of the water is reduced, the water-gas separation is accelerated, the air contained in the flowing water is accelerated to overflow and flows to the outside through the water outlet 12, the air contained in the flowing water is reduced, the cavitation phenomenon in the pump head is reduced, and the abrasion of the internal structure of the pump body 1 is reduced; when the contact between the flowing water and the drainage plate 422 is blocked, the flowing water flows along the surface of the drainage plate 422 and passes through the first through hole 424 formed in the middle of the drainage plate 422, the water flows to the gap between the drainage plate 422 and the stainless steel bracket cover in the pump body 1, the volume is suddenly increased, the water-vapor separation is further accelerated, the air of the flowing water smoothly overflows, then the water flows along the surface of the drainage plate 422, which is opposite to the impeller 13, flows out of the water outlet groove 423 and flows to the backflow channel 14 under the action of the self-priming valve 32 to participate in the circulating self-priming process; when the centrifugal pump is closed after the work is finished, at the closing moment, the water pressure in the water outlet 12 is suddenly increased, the water in the water outlet 12 is accelerated to flow to the first hole 121, and flows into the tank body 511 from the first hole 121 through the guide port 514, and extrudes the end part of the air bag 513 opposite to the guide port 514, so that the air bag 513 deforms, the end part of the guide sleeve 512 opposite to the guide port 514 in the air bag 513 is simultaneously pressed and extrudes the connected spring to move in the direction far away from the guide port 514, the impact of the water flow is relieved along with the deformation of the spring and the air bag 513, the water in the water inlet 11 flows into the tank body 511, and the impact of the water flow on the side wall of the water outlet 12 is reduced; the pressure inside the water outlet 12 is reduced, the spring connected with the guide sleeve 512 is deformed and restored, so that the guide sleeve 512 is restored and pushes the air bag 513 to be restored, the water entering the tank body 511 is extruded out, the pressure and the water quantity inside the pump body 1 are supplemented, the pressure and the water quantity inside the pump body 1 are balanced, the extruded water flow impacts the pressure sensor 52, the pressure sensor 52 can conveniently record the use condition of the pressure tank 51, and the pressure tank 51 can be adjusted; in addition, compared with the existing pressure tank 51, the pressure supplementing effect of the centrifugal pump can be realized without supplementing air from the outside, the operation is simple and convenient, and the pressure supplementing tank is made of plastic materials, has a simple structure and low cost and has long service life.
The front, the back, the left, the right, the upper and the lower are all based on figure 1 in the attached drawings of the specification, according to the standard of the observation angle of a person, the side of the device facing an observer is defined as the front, the left side of the observer is defined as the left, and the like.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience in describing the present invention and for simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing illustrates and describes the principles, general features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, which are described in the specification and illustrated only to illustrate the principle of the present invention, but that various changes and modifications may be made therein without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed. The scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalents thereof.

Claims (6)

1. A self-priming centrifugal pump is characterized in that: comprises a pump body (1), a water inlet (11), a water outlet (12), an impeller (13), a water inlet channel (2), an inlet support assembly (3), a flow guide assembly (4) and a pressure compensating assembly (5); a water inlet channel (2) is arranged in the pump body (1), one end of the water inlet channel (2) is communicated with the outside through a water inlet (11) which is horizontally arranged, the other end of the water inlet channel is communicated with the outside through a water outlet (12) which is vertically arranged, a pressure supplementing assembly (5) is installed on the side wall of the water outlet (12) through a bolt, and the pressure supplementing assembly (5) is used for supplementing pressure to the inside of the water outlet (12); a rotating shaft (21) is arranged in the middle of the water inlet channel (2), and one end of the rotating shaft (21) is connected with a motor arranged in the pump body (1); the impeller (13) is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft (21), and a suction port (131) on the impeller (13) is close to the rotating shaft (21); a flow guide body assembly (4) is arranged at a gap position between the impellers (13), and a backflow channel (14) is formed by a gap between the excircle position of the flow guide body assembly (4) and the inner wall of the pump body (1); import bracket component (3) are installed near the position of water inlet (11) in inhalant canal (2), import bracket component (3) include annular support body (31), from inhaling valve (32), breakwater (33) and water injection bolt (34), annular support body (31) nestification is close to the position of water inlet (11) in inhalant canal (2), and annular support body (31) internal surface has linked firmly breakwater (33), and breakwater (33) top is higher than water inlet (11) and is equipped with guiding gutter (35), keep the clearance between guiding gutter (35) tip and the pump body (1) inner wall, breakwater (33) top has linked firmly water injection bolt (34), and keeps away from the surface of water inlet (11) on breakwater (33) and has linked firmly from inhaling valve (32), communicate with each other from inhaling valve (32) bottom and backflow channel (14).
2. The self-priming centrifugal pump of claim 1, wherein: a limiting block (36) is arranged above the self-suction valve (32) on the water baffle (33), and the limiting block (36) is used for guiding the backflow water and enhancing the self-suction effect; the limiting block (36) is positioned on the water baffle (33) and is concave towards the surface of the water inlet (11), and a first concave part (361) is formed.
3. The self-priming centrifugal pump of claim 2, wherein: the flow guide body assembly (4) comprises a general flow guide body (41) and a tail end flow guide body (42), wherein the general flow guide body (41) is arranged on the rotating shaft (21) and is positioned at a gap part between the impellers (13); the tail end flow guide body (42) is arranged on the rotating shaft (21) and is positioned on one side, away from the water inlet (11), of the impeller (13), and the tail end flow guide body (42) is positioned below the water outlet (12); the tail end flow guide body (42) comprises a flow guide ring (421) and a flow guide plate (422), the flow guide ring (421) is nested on the side wall of the water inlet channel (2), the inner surface of the flow guide ring (421) is fixedly connected with the flow guide plate (422), and a plurality of water outlet grooves (423) are uniformly formed in the joint part of the surface of the flow guide ring (421) and the surface of the impeller (13), which is opposite to the flow guide plate (422); a through hole (424) is arranged in the middle of the drainage plate (422), and the rotating shaft (21) penetrates through the through hole (424).
4. A self-priming centrifugal pump according to claim 3, wherein: the surface of the flow guide plate (422) back to the impeller (13) is uniformly fixedly connected with a plurality of rib plates (425), the end parts of the rib plates (425) are fixedly connected with the joint part of the flow guide plate (422) and the flow guide ring (421), the water outlet grooves (423) are positioned at the gap parts between the rib plates (425), the side wall surfaces of the water outlet grooves (423) are inclined planes (426) which are parallel to each other, and the side wall surfaces in the water outlet grooves (423) which are distributed annularly are inclined along the same rotation direction.
5. The self-priming centrifugal pump of claim 4, wherein: mend pressure subassembly (5) including overhead tank (51) and baroreceptor (52), overhead tank (51) are including jar body (511), uide bushing (512) and gasbag (513), delivery port (12) lateral wall level is provided with a hole (121), pass through threaded connection between uide port (514) on jar body (511) lateral wall and a hole (121), uide port (514) and jar body (511) inside communicate with each other, the position that jar body (511) inside is just to uide port (514) is equipped with gasbag (513), gasbag (513) inside is just to be equipped with uide bushing (512) at the position of uide port (514), uide bushing (512) link to each other with jar body (511) lateral wall through the spring, baroreceptor (52) are located delivery port (12) lateral wall and a hole (121) relative position.
6. The self-priming centrifugal pump of claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the section of the inner surface of the tank body (511) is larger than that of the guide opening (514), a second concave part (515) is arranged on the surface of the end part of the air bag (513), and the second concave part (515) is concave towards the direction far away from the first hole (121).
CN202110758702.6A 2021-07-05 2021-07-05 Self-suction centrifugal pump Active CN113323886B (en)

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CN113323886B (en) * 2021-07-05 2022-04-15 利欧集团浙江泵业有限公司 Self-suction centrifugal pump
CN118066123A (en) * 2024-04-25 2024-05-24 江苏泰丰泵业有限公司 High leakproofness big suction lift water pump

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CN111594451A (en) * 2020-05-29 2020-08-28 广东凌霄泵业股份有限公司 Horizontal self-priming pump

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