CN113323735A - Parallel operation waste incineration power generation thermodynamic system - Google Patents
Parallel operation waste incineration power generation thermodynamic system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113323735A CN113323735A CN202110724850.6A CN202110724850A CN113323735A CN 113323735 A CN113323735 A CN 113323735A CN 202110724850 A CN202110724850 A CN 202110724850A CN 113323735 A CN113323735 A CN 113323735A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
- F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
- F01K17/025—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic in combination with at least one gas turbine, e.g. a combustion gas turbine
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D25/00—Component parts, details, or accessories, not provided for in, or of interest apart from, other groups
- F01D25/24—Casings; Casing parts, e.g. diaphragms, casing fastenings
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K11/00—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers
- F01K11/02—Plants characterised by the engines being structurally combined with boilers or condensers the engines being turbines
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/50—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters incorporating thermal de-aeration of feed-water
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D11/00—Feed-water supply not provided for in other main groups
- F22D11/02—Arrangements of feed-water pumps
- F22D11/06—Arrangements of feed-water pumps for returning condensate to boiler
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22G—SUPERHEATING OF STEAM
- F22G5/00—Controlling superheat temperature
- F22G5/12—Controlling superheat temperature by attemperating the superheated steam, e.g. by injected water sprays
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Engine Equipment That Uses Special Cycles (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a waste incineration power generation thermodynamic system running in parallel, which comprises a high-parameter waste heat boiler, a high-parameter steam turbine, a medium-low parameter waste heat boiler and a medium-low parameter steam turbine; the outlet of the high-parameter waste heat boiler is communicated with a high-pressure steam inlet of a high-parameter steam turbine through a pipeline; the outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler is respectively communicated with a medium-low pressure steam inlet of the high-parameter steam turbine and a medium-low parameter steam inlet of the steam turbine through pipelines; the high-parameter steam turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity through a gear box; the medium-low parameter turbine directly drives a second generator to generate electricity; and the low-pressure steam inlet in the high-parameter steam turbine is used for absorbing steam increased by the low-medium parameter waste heat boiler. In the operation process of the system, the steam exhaust parameters of the two turbines are consistent, and the condensate water regenerative system and the deoxidization system are shared. The thermodynamic system can reduce auxiliary equipment, reduce investment and operation and maintenance costs, fully utilize the heat load of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler, and improve the power generation efficiency and economic benefits of a power plant.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of waste incineration power generation, and particularly relates to a waste heat power generation thermodynamic system which can meet the requirement that two different parameters of a waste incineration power plant run in parallel and can deal with the increase of steam quantity of a boiler caused by the increase of a waste heat value.
Background
Along with the development of the national economic society, the treatment capacity of urban domestic garbage is larger and larger, the heat value of garbage is higher and higher, and because the site selection condition of a garbage incineration power plant is harsh, part of the garbage incineration power plant needs to be expanded to meet the increasing garbage treatment requirement. When considering the expansion of a refuse power plant, in order to pursue higher power generation benefits, a thermodynamic system with higher parameters is generally adopted, so that the problem of parameter mismatching with a thermodynamic system constructed in the early stage of the power plant can be caused, only an independent system can be adopted, and the investment and operation maintenance cost is higher. Meanwhile, along with the annual improvement of the heat value of the garbage, the heat value of the garbage charged into the power plant is higher than the designed heat value, under the condition that the amount of the garbage charged into the power plant is not changed, the steam production of the boiler is increased, the steam inlet amount of a matched steam turbine generator unit is constant, so that part of steam cannot be consumed, the power plant can only recover condensed water by reducing the temperature and the pressure of the increased part of steam or reduce the amount of the garbage charged into the power plant to reduce the operation load of the boiler, and the two treatment modes have great resource waste.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems, the invention provides a thermodynamic system which can meet the requirement that two different main steam parameters of a waste incineration power plant are operated in parallel, and the thermodynamic system can effectively solve the problem that the steam production of an original boiler is increased due to the improvement of the heat value of waste, reduce the number of auxiliary equipment, reduce the investment and operation maintenance cost, fully utilize the heat load of a low-medium parameter waste heat boiler, and improve the power generation efficiency and the economic benefit of the power plant.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical solution of the invention is as follows:
a waste incineration power generation thermodynamic system operating in parallel comprises a high-parameter waste heat boiler, a high-parameter steam turbine, a medium-low parameter waste heat boiler and a medium-low parameter steam turbine; the outlet of the high-parameter waste heat boiler is communicated with a high-pressure steam inlet of a high-parameter steam turbine through a pipeline; the outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler is respectively communicated with a medium-low pressure steam inlet of the high-parameter steam turbine and a medium-low parameter steam inlet of the steam turbine through pipelines; the high-parameter steam turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity through a gear box; and the medium-low parameter turbine is directly connected with the second generator to drive the second generator to generate power.
Further, the high-parameter turbine exhaust steam and the medium-low parameter turbine exhaust steam respectively enter a first condenser and a second condenser to be condensed into water, then the water is heated by a heat recovery system through a condensate pump and then is conveyed to a deaerator, the condensed water is deaerated in the deaerator, then the water is further heated by a high-parameter boiler water feed pump through a high-pressure heater and then is conveyed to a high-parameter waste heat boiler and a medium-low parameter boiler water feed pump and then is conveyed to a medium-low parameter waste heat boiler; and the high-pressure heater is communicated with a first-section steam extraction port of the high-parameter steam turbine through a pipeline.
Further, the heat recovery system comprises a steam seal heater, a No. 1 low-pressure heater and a No. 2 low-pressure heater, wherein the steam seal heater is respectively communicated with a steam seal leakage port of the high-parameter steam turbine and the medium-low parameter steam turbine through pipelines; and the No. 1 low-pressure heater, the No. 2 low-pressure heater and the deaerator are respectively communicated with the four-stage steam extraction, the three-stage steam extraction and the two-stage steam extraction of the high-parameter steam turbine through pipelines.
Further, the high-parameter steam turbine adopts a single-cylinder structure, a high-pressure through flow and a medium-low pressure through flow are located in a set of cylinders, the high-pressure through flow adopts a convection scheme, high-pressure exhaust steam on one side is a section of extraction steam source, high-pressure exhaust steam on the other side directly enters the medium-low pressure through flow, and the rotating speed range of the high-parameter steam turbine is 5000 rpm-7500 rpm.
Furthermore, the pipeline of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler outlet to the medium-low pressure steam inlet of the high-parameter steam turbine can be opened and closed, a bypass system which can be opened and closed is arranged on the pipeline, and the bypass system comprises a temperature and pressure reducing device, and a pipeline system and accessories which are respectively connected to the 1# low pressure heater, the 2# low pressure heater and the deaerator for heating the steam pipeline.
Furthermore, the communication pipelines of the steam seal heater and the steam leakage ports of the steam seals of the high-parameter steam turbine and the medium-low parameter steam turbine can be opened and closed, and the communication pipelines of the No. 1 low-pressure heater, the No. 2 low-pressure heater and the deaerator and the four-section steam extraction ports of the high-parameter steam turbine, the communication pipelines of the three-section steam extraction ports and the communication pipelines of the two-section steam extraction ports can be opened and closed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial technical effects:
1. the high-parameter steam turbine power generation system and the medium-low parameter steam turbine power generation system in the process system share auxiliary equipment such as condensate water heat recovery, deoxidization and the like, the number of the auxiliary equipment is reduced, the equipment investment and the operation and maintenance cost can be reduced, the problem that the steam production of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler is not matched with the steam inlet of a matched steam turbine due to the fact that the heat value of the garbage fed into the boiler is higher than the design heat value is solved, the heat load of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler can be fully utilized, and the power generation efficiency and the economic benefit of a power plant are improved.
The 2.1# low-pressure heater, the 2# low-pressure heater and the deaerator are respectively communicated with the four-section steam extraction, the three-section steam extraction and the two-section steam extraction of the high-parameter steam turbine through pipelines, so that the steam extraction at different temperatures can be fully utilized to heat water supply, the water supply temperature is increased, the heat transfer temperature difference of a boiler is reduced, and the heat cycle efficiency is improved.
3. The high-parameter steam turbine adopts a single-cylinder structure, the high-pressure through flow and the medium-low pressure through flow are positioned in one set of cylinder, and the high-pressure steam inlet and the medium-low pressure steam inlet are arranged on the cylinder, so that the size and the weight of the steam turbine can be reduced, and the investment cost of equipment and a workshop can be reduced.
4. The high-pressure through flow adopts a convection scheme, high-pressure exhaust steam on one side is a section of steam extraction steam source, high-pressure exhaust steam on the other side directly enters the medium-low pressure through flow, and the adoption of the structure can avoid the influence on the operation safety of the steam turbine caused by the too close distance between the section of steam extraction port and the medium-low pressure steam inlet port.
5. The waste incineration power generation has the problem of high-temperature corrosion, the temperature of steam at the outlet of a boiler is generally not more than 485 ℃, but the pressure can be increased from the current 6.5MPa to 15 MPa. Under the condition of unchangeable temperature, the higher the pressure, the smaller the steam volume, and the high rotating speed adopted by the steam turbine can effectively improve the generating efficiency, so that the high-parameter steam turbine adopts the high rotating speed. The efficiency improvement is not obvious due to the high rotating speed of the medium-low parameter steam turbine, so that the medium-low parameter steam turbine is directly connected with a generator at the conventional rotating speed. And the rotating speed of the steam turbine is configured according to the steam inlet parameters, so that the generating efficiency of the whole system is optimal.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process flow diagram of the present invention.
In the figure: 1-high parameter waste heat boiler, 2-high parameter turbine, 3-gear box, 4-first generator, 5-first condenser, 6-middle and low parameter waste heat boiler, 7-middle and low parameter turbine, 8-second generator, 9-second condenser,
10-a condensate pump, 11-a steam seal heater, 12-1# low pressure heater, 13-2# low pressure heater, 14-a deaerator,
15-high parameter boiler feed pump, 16-high pressure heater, 17-medium and low parameter boiler feed pump, 18-temperature and pressure reducing device.
Detailed Description
The technical solution and the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, steam at the outlet of the high-parameter waste heat boiler 1 enters the high-parameter steam turbine 2 from the high-pressure steam inlet of the high-parameter steam turbine 2 through a connecting pipeline to do work, and exhaust steam enters the first condenser 5 to be condensed into water; steam at the outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 is divided into two paths, one path of the steam enters a medium-low parameter turbine 7 through a connecting pipeline to do work, exhaust steam enters a second condenser 9 to be condensed into water, the other path of the steam enters the turbine from a medium-low pressure steam inlet of the high parameter turbine 2 through the connecting pipeline to do work, and the exhaust steam enters a first condenser 5 to be condensed into water; condensed water in the first condenser 5 and the second condenser 9 is heated by a condensate pump 10 through a heat recovery system consisting of a gland seal heater 11, a 1# low-pressure heater 12 and a 2# low-pressure heater 13 and then is conveyed to a deaerator 14 for deaerating, and then is further heated by a high-parameter boiler water feed pump 15 through a high-pressure heater 16 and then conveyed to the high-parameter waste heat boiler 1 and the medium-low parameter boiler water feed pump 17 and conveyed to the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 for recycling.
In the above embodiment, the high-parameter turbine 2 and the medium-low parameter turbine 7 share the condensate water regenerative system and the oxygen removal system, wherein the condensate water regenerative system includes the gland seal heater 11, the # 1 low-pressure heater 12, and the # 2 low-pressure heater 13, and the oxygen removal system includes the oxygen remover 14. The water replenishing of the high-parameter waste heat boiler 1 and the water replenishing of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 are from a deaerator 14, wherein a water feeding heating system of the high-parameter waste heat boiler 1 comprises a high-parameter boiler water feeding pump 15 and a high-pressure heater 16, and a heating steam source of the high-pressure heater 16 is provided by first-stage steam extraction of the high-parameter steam turbine 2; the water supply system of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 comprises a medium-low parameter boiler water supply pump 17. Under the normal operation condition, the outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 is communicated with the medium-low pressure steam inlet pipeline of the high-parameter turbine 2, the bypass system to the temperature-reducing pressure reducer 18 is closed, the steam seal heater 11 heats the steam source and is provided by the steam seal leakage steam of the high-parameter turbine 2 and the medium-low parameter turbine 7, and the 1# low-pressure heater 12, the 2# low-pressure heater 13 and the deaerator 14 heat the steam source and are respectively provided by four-stage steam extraction, three-stage steam extraction and two-stage steam extraction arranged at the medium-low pressure through-flow part of the high-parameter turbine 2.
And when the medium and low parameter waste heat boiler 6 is shut down for maintenance, the medium and low parameter turbine 7, the second generator 8, the second condenser 9 and the medium and low parameter boiler feed pump 17 stop running. At the moment, a middle-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 in the system is shut down from an outlet to a middle-low pressure inlet pipeline and a bypass system of a high parameter turbine 2, a steam seal heater 11 heats a steam source provided by steam seal leakage steam of the high parameter turbine 2, a 1# low pressure heater 12, a 2# low pressure heater 13 and a deaerator 14 heat a steam source provided by four-section steam extraction, three-section steam extraction and two-section steam extraction of a middle-low pressure through-flow part in the high parameter turbine 2 respectively, and the high parameter waste heat boiler 1, the high parameter turbine 2, a gear box 3, a first generator 4, a first condenser 5, a condensate pump 10, the steam seal heater 11, the 1# low pressure heater 12, the 2# low pressure heater 13, the deaerator 14, a high parameter boiler feed water pump 15 and the high pressure heater 16 are taken as an independent system to normally.
When the high-parameter waste heat boiler 1 is shut down for maintenance, the high-parameter steam turbine 2, the gear box 3, the first generator 4, the first condenser 5, the high-parameter boiler feed water pump 15 and the high-pressure heater 16 are shut down. At the moment, a pipeline from an outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 to a medium-low pressure steam inlet of the medium-low parameter turbine 2 in the system is shut off, a bypass system from the outlet to the temperature-reducing pressure reducer 18 is opened, a steam source heated by the steam seal heater 11 is provided by steam seal leakage steam of the medium-low parameter turbine 7, a steam source heated by the 1# low-pressure heater 12, the 2# low-pressure heater 13 and the deaerator 14 respectively enters corresponding pipeline systems from steam at an outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6 after being subjected to temperature and pressure reduction by the temperature-reducing pressure reducer 18 for providing, and the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler 6, the medium-low parameter turbine 7, the second generator 8, the second condenser 9, the condensate pump 10, the steam seal heater 11, the 1# low-pressure heater 12, the 2# low-pressure heater 13, the deaerator 14 and the medium-low parameter boiler feed pump 17 are taken as an independent system to normally operate.
The foregoing embodiments are merely exemplary and illustrative of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention to the scope of the embodiments described. Furthermore, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, and that many variations and modifications may be made in accordance with the teachings of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of the invention as claimed.
Claims (6)
1. A waste incineration power generation thermodynamic system running in parallel is characterized by comprising a high-parameter waste heat boiler, a high-parameter steam turbine, a medium-low parameter waste heat boiler and a medium-low parameter steam turbine; the outlet of the high-parameter waste heat boiler is communicated with a high-pressure steam inlet of a high-parameter steam turbine through a pipeline; the outlet of the medium-low parameter waste heat boiler is respectively communicated with a medium-low pressure steam inlet of the high-parameter steam turbine and a medium-low parameter steam inlet of the steam turbine through pipelines; the high-parameter steam turbine drives a first generator to generate electricity through a gear box; and the medium-low parameter turbine is directly connected with the second generator to drive the second generator to generate power.
2. The thermal system for generating power by incinerating garbage in parallel operation according to claim 1, wherein the high-parameter turbine exhaust steam and the medium-low parameter turbine exhaust steam enter a first condenser and a second condenser respectively to be condensed into water, and then are heated by a heat recovery system through a condensate pump and then are conveyed to a deaerator, and after being deaerated in the deaerator, the condensate are further heated by a high-parameter boiler feed water pump through a high-pressure heater and then are conveyed to a high-parameter waste heat boiler and a medium-low parameter boiler feed water pump and then are conveyed to a medium-low parameter waste heat boiler; and the high-pressure heater is communicated with a first-section steam extraction port of the high-parameter steam turbine through a pipeline.
3. The thermal system for generating power by incinerating waste in parallel operation according to claim 2, wherein the heat recovery system comprises a steam seal heater, a # 1 low pressure heater and a # 2 low pressure heater, the steam seal heater is respectively communicated with a steam seal leakage port of a high parameter steam turbine and a steam seal leakage port of a medium and low parameter steam turbine through pipelines; and the No. 1 low-pressure heater, the No. 2 low-pressure heater and the deaerator are respectively communicated with the four-stage steam extraction, the three-stage steam extraction and the two-stage steam extraction of the high-parameter steam turbine through pipelines.
4. The thermal system for generating electricity by incinerating garbage in parallel operation according to claim 1, wherein the high-parameter steam turbine has a single-cylinder structure, the high-pressure through-flow and the medium-low pressure through-flow are located in a set of cylinders, the high-pressure through-flow adopts a convection scheme, the high-pressure exhaust steam at one side is a section of extraction steam source, the high-pressure exhaust steam at the other side directly enters the medium-low pressure through-flow, and the rotating speed range of the high-parameter steam turbine is 5000 rpm to 7500 rpm.
5. The thermal system for generating power by incinerating waste garbage in parallel operation according to claim 1, wherein the pipeline from the outlet of the waste heat boiler with medium and low parameters to the steam inlet with medium and low pressure of the turbine with high parameters can be opened and closed, and the pipeline is provided with a bypass system which can be opened and closed, wherein the bypass system comprises a temperature and pressure reducer, and a pipeline system and accessories which are respectively connected to the pipeline for heating steam of the 1# low pressure heater, the 2# low pressure heater and the deaerator.
6. The thermal system for generating power by incinerating waste in parallel operation according to claim 3, wherein the connecting pipelines of the steam seal heater and the steam seal leakage ports of the high-parameter steam turbine and the medium-low parameter steam turbine can be opened and closed, and the connecting pipelines of the No. 1 low-pressure heater, the No. 2 low-pressure heater and the deaerator and the four-section steam extraction port, the three-section steam extraction port and the two-section steam extraction port of the high-parameter steam turbine can be opened and closed.
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN115875096A (en) * | 2022-10-28 | 2023-03-31 | 中国长江动力集团有限公司 | Low-parameter intermediate reheating steam turbine thermal power generation system |
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2021
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DE3044991A1 (en) * | 1980-11-28 | 1982-07-01 | Steag Ag, 4300 Essen | Coal plus refuse burning power station - has refuse-fired boiler steam fed into coal-fired boiler system after high-pressure turbine, before reheater |
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