CN113318948B - 可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，先用激光达标机在打磨后的合金表面加工为微米级正方体阵列，然后将配制好的可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料均匀涂敷在织构化的钛合金表面，最后用砂纸打磨掉表层涂层，至正方体织构顶面，得到超疏水性可控的极耐磨功能织构。本发明将极耐磨金属材料和润湿性可控的低表面能涂层相结合，以金属材料为支撑点提升功能表面的耐磨性；以沟槽面积率r和低表面能超疏水涂层的配比为调控点，精准调控表面能，进而制备一种可精准调控表面超疏水性能的耐磨功能织构。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及表面功能织构加工技术领域，具体是一种可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法。
背景技术
固体表面润湿性是固体的一种重要特性，通常用接触角来表示。一般将与液体的接触角大于150°的表面称作超疏水表面。作为一种功能性表面，其特殊的润湿性在现代工业领域具有广泛的应用前景。目前，实现表面超疏水性的方法主要有两种：1)表面加工微纳米的粗糙结构,2)直接涂覆低表面能涂层。超疏水涂层一般由复合材料制成，其中一部分提供粗糙度，另一部分提供低表面能，通过最小化液固之间的接触面积实现超疏水功能。
国内外研究人员基于上述两种技术原理，提出了各类的超疏水表面制备方法，获得了良好的超疏水特性。然而，通过制造微纳米的表面粗糙结构或涂敷低表面能的方法制备的超疏水表面仍然存在超疏性能不能精确调控、耐磨性差等问题。鉴于此，本发明专利提出一种可精准调控表面超疏水性能的耐磨功能织构制备方法。
发明内容
本发明为了解决现有技术的问题，提供了一种可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，将极耐磨金属材料和润湿性可控的低表面能涂层相结合，以金属材料为支撑点提升功能表面的耐磨性；以低表面能超疏水涂层为调控点，精准调控表面能，进而制备一种可精准调控表面超疏水性能的耐磨功能织构。
本发明包括以下步骤：
1)用激光达标机在打磨后的耐磨金属材料表面加工为微米级正方体阵列，正方体边长L,槽宽Δs，沟槽面积率r,
其中，L为50～700μm，Δs为50～700μm，r为10％～90％；
2)将加工好的试样放入酒精中超声清洗，烘干；
3)配制可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料:
3.1)配制紫外光固化树脂；所述的紫外光固化树脂包含以下质量百分比的组分：聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)77％，甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯(IBOMA)20％，1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮(184)3％；
3.2)向紫外光固化树脂中加入10％～50％不同质量分数的1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三氯硅烷(HFTCS)；
3.3)将各个成分加入烧杯中混合，放入搅拌器中，搅拌均匀；
3.4)放入真空箱内反复抽真空处理，直至所有气泡消失；
4)将配制好的可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料，均匀涂敷在织构化的钛合金表面，放置于匀胶机内，先以1000rpm转速旋转30s，再以3000rpm转速旋转30s，得到均匀的紫外光固化涂料膜；
5)将试样放入紫外光固化机中固化2min，得到可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂层；
6)用砂纸打磨掉表层涂层，至正方体织构顶面，得到超疏水性可控的极耐磨功能织构。
进一步改进，步骤1)采用的耐磨金属材料为TC4钛合金，所述的打磨过程为用金相砂纸W50、W28、W10、W5依次打磨合金表面，至均匀粗糙，所述的激光达标机工作参数为，激光功率3W,速度50mm/s，电流1A，频率40kHz，脉冲宽度0.1μs。
本发明有益效果在于：
1、将极耐磨金属材料和润湿性可控的低表面能涂层相结合，以金属材料为支撑点提升功能表面的耐磨性；以沟槽面积率r和低表面能超疏水涂层的配比为调控点，精准调控表面能，进而制备一种可精准调控表面超疏水性能的耐磨功能织构。
2、通过在紫外光固化树脂中加入10％～50％不同质量分数的1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三氯硅烷(HFTCS)实现表面超疏水特性的精准调控。
附图说明
图1为本发明整体工艺流程图。
图2为微米级正方体阵列示意图。
图3为不同HFTCS含量下，水滴在涂层表面的接触角和滚动角大小。
图4为不同织构大小下，水滴在功能织构表面的接触角和滚动角大小。
图5为不同织构面积率下，水滴在功能织构表面的接触角和滚动角大小。
图6为不同往复循环次数下，水滴在功能织构表面的接触角和滚动角大小。
具体实施方式
下面结合附图对本发明作进一步说明。
本发明整体流程如图1所示，包括以下步骤：
1)用激光达标机在打磨后的耐磨金属材料表面加工为微米级正方体阵列，如图2所示，正方体边长L,槽宽Δs，沟槽面积率r,
其中，L为50～700μm，Δs为50～700μm，r为10％～90％；
2)将加工好的试样放入酒精中超声清洗，烘干；
3)配制可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料:
3.1)配制紫外光固化树脂；所述的紫外光固化树脂包含以下质量百分比的组分：聚氨酯丙烯酸酯(PUA)77％，甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯(IBOMA)20％，1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮(184)3％；
3.2)向紫外光固化树脂中加入10％～50％不同质量分数的1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三氯硅烷(HFTCS)；
3.3)将各个成分加入烧杯中混合，放入搅拌器中，搅拌均匀；
3.4)放入真空箱内反复抽真空处理，直至所有气泡消失；
4)将配制好的可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料，均匀涂敷在织构化的钛合金表面，放置于匀胶机内，先以1000rpm转速旋转30s，再以3000rpm转速旋转30s，得到均匀的紫外光固化涂料膜；
5)将试样放入紫外光固化机中固化2min，得到可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂层；
6)用砂纸打磨掉表层涂层，至正方体织构顶面，得到超疏水性可控的极耐磨功能织构。
进一步改进，步骤1)采用的耐磨金属材料为TC4钛合金，所述的打磨过程为用金相砂纸W50、W28、W10、W5依次打磨合金表面，至均匀粗糙，所述的激光达标机工作参数为，激光功率3W,速度50mm/s，电流1A，频率40kHz，脉冲宽度0.1μs。
功能织构性能测试：1)通过改变HFTCS的质量分数，测量水滴在涂层表面的接触角和滚动角变化，实验结果如图3；2)通过保持织构面积率为64％、HFTCS含量为20％,改变织构大小，测试不同织构大小对织构表面疏水性的影响，实验结果如图4；3)通过保持织构大小为300μm，改变织构面积率，测试不同面积率对织构表面疏水性的影响，实验结果如图5。通过该实验可以看出，以沟槽面积率r和低表面能超疏水涂层的配比为调控点，可以精准调控织构表面疏水性和耐磨性。
耐磨性实验：通过砝码提供一定的正压力FN＝7N，将直径20mm的功能织构圆片(织构参数：L＝300μm,r＝64％,HFTCS质量分数20％)在W50金相砂纸上往复摩擦(往复距离40cm)。测量该过程中水滴在功能织构上的接触角和滚动角变化，如图4。通过该实验可以看出，将极耐磨金属材料和润湿性可控的低表面能涂层相结合，以金属材料为支撑点可以显著提升功能表面的耐磨性。
本发明具体应用途径很多，以上所述仅是本发明的优选实施方式，应当指出，对于本技术领域的普通技术人员来说，在不脱离本发明原理的前提下，还可以做出若干改进，这些改进也应视为本发明的保护范围。
Claims (5)
1.一种可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，其特征在于包括以下步骤：
1)用激光达标机在打磨后的合金表面加工为微米级正方体阵列，正方体边长L,槽宽Δs，沟槽面积率r,
其中，L为50～700μm，Δs为50～700μm，r为10％～90％；
2)将加工好的试样放入酒精中超声清洗，烘干；
3)配制可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料:
3.1)配制紫外光固化树脂，所述的紫外光固化树脂包含以下质量百分比的组分：聚氨酯丙烯酸酯77％，甲基丙烯酸异冰片酯20％，1-羟基环己基苯基甲酮3％；
3.2)向紫外光固化树脂中加入10％～50％不同质量分数的1H,1H,2H,2H-全氟癸基三氯硅烷；
3.3)将各个成分加入烧杯中混合，放入搅拌器中，搅拌均匀；
3.4)放入真空箱内反复抽真空处理，直至所有气泡消失；
4)将配制好的可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂料，均匀涂敷在织构化的钛合金表面，放置于匀胶机内，得到均匀的紫外光固化涂料膜；
5)将试样放入紫外光固化机中固化2min，得到可控的低表面能紫外光固化涂层；
6)用砂纸打磨掉表层涂层，至正方体织构顶面，得到超疏水性可控的极耐磨功能织构。
2.根据权利要求1所述的可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1)采用的合金为TC4钛合金。
3.根据权利要求1所述的可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1)所述的打磨过程为用金相砂纸W50、W28、W10、W5依次打磨合金表面，至均匀粗糙。
4.根据权利要求1所述的可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤1)所述的激光达标机工作参数为，激光功率3W,速度50mm/s，电流1A，频率40kHz，脉冲宽度0.1μs。
5.根据权利要求1所述的可精准调控表面超疏水特性的极耐磨功能织构的制备方法，其特征在于：步骤4)中匀胶机先以1000rpm转速旋转30s，再以3000rpm转速旋转30s，得到均匀的紫外光固化涂料膜。
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