CN113316217B - Data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission - Google Patents

Data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission Download PDF

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CN113316217B
CN113316217B CN202110571212.5A CN202110571212A CN113316217B CN 113316217 B CN113316217 B CN 113316217B CN 202110571212 A CN202110571212 A CN 202110571212A CN 113316217 B CN113316217 B CN 113316217B
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source node
energy
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destination node
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CN113316217A (en
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秦晓琦
赵新龙
张治�
刘宝玲
黄育侦
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Beijing University of Posts and Telecommunications
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W40/00—Communication routing or communication path finding
    • H04W40/02—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing
    • H04W40/22—Communication route or path selection, e.g. power-based or shortest path routing using selective relaying for reaching a BTS [Base Transceiver Station] or an access point
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04L—TRANSMISSION OF DIGITAL INFORMATION, e.g. TELEGRAPHIC COMMUNICATION
    • H04L47/00—Traffic control in data switching networks
    • H04L47/10—Flow control; Congestion control
    • H04L47/23—Bit dropping
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04W—WIRELESS COMMUNICATION NETWORKS
    • H04W52/00—Power management, e.g. TPC [Transmission Power Control], power saving or power classes
    • H04W52/02—Power saving arrangements
    • H04W52/0209—Power saving arrangements in terminal devices
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02D—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES [ICT], I.E. INFORMATION AND COMMUNICATION TECHNOLOGIES AIMING AT THE REDUCTION OF THEIR OWN ENERGY USE
    • Y02D30/00—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks
    • Y02D30/70—Reducing energy consumption in communication networks in wireless communication networks

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Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a data transmission method and a device based on energy information simultaneous transmission, wherein the method comprises the following steps: receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded; collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor; judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node; if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range; if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node. The situation that the relay node cannot normally work due to energy exhaustion of the relay node caused by continuous data packet forwarding is avoided, the information age of each source node is maintained in a good state, and the overall timeliness of the network is improved.

Description

Data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of wireless communication, in particular to a data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission.
Background
In a typical scenario of the internet of things, a plurality of source nodes send data to one relay node, and then the relay node forwards the data to a destination node. The relay node is powered by a battery, so that the node energy limitation is a great challenge to the internet of things. Energy harvesting from the natural environment is considered to be an effective method for prolonging the survival time of energy-limited nodes in the internet of things. However, solar energy, wind energy, and the like in nature have significant instability. Instability of the energy acquisition mode may cause the node to fail to update information for a long time.
Since the radio frequency signal carries energy while transmitting Information, the Simultaneous transmission of energy and Information (SWIPT) technology has become a major research hotspot in recent years. In the energy information simultaneous transmission technology, an energy collection module can be added at the relay node, and a part of the received signal can be used for energy collection based on an energy division factor. Obviously, the more the energy splitting factor tends towards energy collection, the better the energy of the relay node can be maintained. However, the information age of the upper layer applications supported by the network cannot be guaranteed.
Moreover, even if the relay node can collect energy from the received signal, the energy consumed for forwarding a single data packet is higher than the energy collected when receiving a single data packet, so as to gradually increase the number of data packets arriving and forwarded outwards, the relay node cannot work normally after a period of time, and the energy needs to be accumulated for a longer time to forward the data packet, which obviously results in poor timeliness of the network and cannot meet the information age requirement of the upper layer application supported by the network.
Disclosure of Invention
The embodiment of the application aims to provide a data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission, so as to improve the overall timeliness of a network. The specific technical scheme is as follows:
in order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application provides a data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission, which is applied to a relay node of an energy information simultaneous transmission system, where the energy information simultaneous transmission system includes the relay node, a destination node, and a plurality of source nodes, and each source node and the relay node communicate by using an energy information simultaneous transmission technology, where the method includes:
receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded;
collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy splitting factor;
judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node;
if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range;
if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
Optionally, the information age expectation of the source node is determined according to the following formula:
Ki-exp＝λiT
Ei-H＝eiKi-exp
Eout＝PRKi-real
βB+Ei-H＝Eout＝PRKi-real
Figure BDA0003082653110000021
where T denotes the total operating time slot, λ, of the TDMA systemiRepresenting the Poisson distribution parameter, K, to which the source node i is subjecti-expExpectation representing the number of packets sent by the source node i to the relay node in T slots, eiRepresenting the energy collected by the relay node in a single radio-frequency signal transmitted by the source node i, Ei-HRepresenting the sum of the energy, P, collected by the relay node from the RF signal transmitted by the source node i during the T time slotRIndicating the transmission power of the relay node, Ki-realRepresenting the total number of data packets forwarded by the relay node to the destination node in the T time slot，EoutRepresents the energy consumed by the relay node to forward the data packet to the destination node in the T time slot, beta represents the proportion of the initial energy consumed by the relay node, B represents the maximum capacity of the length of the initial energy queue, and TaiIndicating the age expectation of the information at the destination node for source node i.
Optionally, the data packet carries state information of the source node.
Optionally, the step of determining whether a deviation between an information age of the source node at the destination node in the current time slot and a predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range includes:
judging whether the deviation of the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range or not based on the following formula:
Figure BDA0003082653110000031
Xi(t)＝Ai(t)-tai
wherein, IR-i(t) indicates whether the t-slot relay node forwards the data packet from the source node I to the destination node, IR-i(t) ═ 1 denotes forwarding, IR-i(t) — 0 means no forwarding, taiRepresenting the age expectation, X, of the information at the destination node of the source node ii(t) indicates the magnitude of the deviation of the actual information age of the t-slot source node i from the expected information age, Ai(t) represents the actual information age of the t-slot source node i;
Figure BDA0003082653110000032
representing that the deviation between the information age of a t-time slot source node i at a destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is not in a preset range;
Figure BDA0003082653110000033
characterizing t-slot source nodesi the information age at the destination node is within a preset range from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission device based on energy information simultaneous transmission, which is applied to a relay node of an energy information simultaneous transmission system, where the energy information simultaneous transmission system includes the relay node, a destination node, and a plurality of source nodes, and each source node and the relay node communicate by using an energy information simultaneous transmission technology, and the device includes:
the receiving module is used for receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded;
the energy collection module is used for collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor;
a first judging module, configured to judge whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node based on remaining energy in the radio frequency signal and channel states of the relay node and the destination node;
the first discarding module is used for discarding the data packet when the first judging module judges that the result is negative; when the judgment result of the first judgment module is yes, triggering a second judgment module;
the second judgment module is used for judging whether the deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined expected information age of the source node is within a preset range or not;
the second discarding module is used for discarding the data packet when the judgment result of the second judging module is yes; when the judgment result of the second judgment module is negative, the forwarding module is triggered;
and the forwarding module is used for forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
Optionally, the information age expectation of the source node is determined according to the following formula:
Ki-exp＝λiT
Ei-H＝eiKi-exp
Eout＝PRKi-real
βB+Ei-H＝Eout＝PRKi-real
Figure BDA0003082653110000041
where T denotes the total operating time slot, λ, of the TDMA systemiRepresenting the Poisson distribution parameter, K, to which the source node i is subjecti-expExpectation representing the number of packets sent by the source node i to the relay node in T slots, eiRepresenting the energy collected by the relay node in a single radio-frequency signal transmitted by the source node i, Ei-HRepresenting the sum of the energy, P, collected by the relay node from the RF signal transmitted by the source node i during the T time slotRIndicating the transmission power of the relay node, Ki-realIndicating the total number of data packets forwarded by the relay node to the destination node in the T time slot, EoutRepresents the energy consumed by the relay node to forward the data packet to the destination node in the T time slot, beta represents the proportion of the initial energy consumed by the relay node, B represents the maximum capacity of the length of the initial energy queue, and TaiIndicating the age expectation of the information at the destination node for source node i.
Optionally, the data packet carries state information of the source node.
Optionally, the second determining module is specifically configured to:
judging whether the deviation of the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range or not based on the following formula:
Figure BDA0003082653110000051
Xi(t)＝Ai(t)-tai
wherein, IR-i(t) indicates whether the t-slot relay node transfers to the destination nodeSending a data packet from a source node I, IR-i(t) ═ 1 denotes forwarding, IR-i(t) — 0 means no forwarding, taiRepresenting the age expectation, X, of the information at the destination node of the source node ii(t) indicates the magnitude of the deviation of the actual information age of the t-slot source node i from the expected information age, Ai(t) represents the actual information age of the t-slot source node i;
Figure BDA0003082653110000052
representing that the deviation between the information age of a t-time slot source node i at a destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is not in a preset range;
Figure BDA0003082653110000053
the deviation of the information age of the source node i at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range.
In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, which includes a processor, a communication interface, a memory, and a communication bus; the processor, the communication interface and the memory complete mutual communication through a communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
and the processor is used for realizing any method step when executing the program stored in the memory.
To achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements any of the above method steps.
The embodiment of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
by adopting the data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission provided by the embodiment of the application, the radio frequency signal sent by the source node is received, and the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded; collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor; judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node; if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range; if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, information age expectations of each source node are calculated in advance, and when determining whether to forward a data packet to a destination node, if a deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node in a current time slot and the predetermined information age expectations of the source node is small, in order to make the information ages of all the source nodes in the entire network as good as possible, the data packet forwarding is given up for the time to save energy; on the contrary, if the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot has a larger deviation from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, the data packet of the source node is forwarded to the destination node in order to update the information age of the source node at the destination node as soon as possible. By adopting the data packet forwarding strategy, the energy stability of the relay node can be maintained, the situation that the relay node cannot normally work due to energy exhaustion caused by continuous data packet forwarding is avoided, the information age of each source node is maintained in a better state, and the timeliness of the whole network is improved.
Of course, not all of the advantages described above need to be achieved at the same time in the practice of any one product or method of the invention.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other embodiments can be obtained by using the drawings without creative efforts.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a data transmission device based on energy information simultaneous transmission according to an embodiment of the present application;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of an electronic device according to an embodiment of the present application.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived from the embodiments given herein by one of ordinary skill in the art, are within the scope of the invention.
In order to solve the technical problem that in the existing energy information simultaneous transmission technology, after a relay node with limited energy forwards a certain data packet to a destination node, the energy cannot support normal work, so that the timeliness of a system is poor and the information age requirement cannot be met, the embodiment of the application provides a data transmission method and device based on energy information simultaneous transmission.
For the sake of understanding, the application scenario of the present application will be briefly described below.
The method and the device for transmitting the data can be applied to a typical node energy-limited scene of the Internet of things, namely, a plurality of source nodes firstly transmit the data to one relay node, and then the relay node forwards the data to a destination node. The relay node is an energy-limited node, and may be understood as a relay node that is battery-powered.
In the prior art, after a relay node receives a data packet sent by a source node, the data packet is forwarded to a destination node in a next time slot in order to ensure timeliness of information. However, the forwarding data packets consume electric power, and as the number of the forwarding data packets increases gradually, the battery power of the relay node finally reaches a state in which the relay node cannot continue to operate normally, so that the timeliness of the information cannot be met in a long period of time, that is, the destination node cannot timely grasp the state information of the source node.
In order to solve the above technical problem, in the data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission provided in the embodiment of the present application, a policy for forwarding a data packet by a relay node is improved to meet information timeliness, which is specifically referred to below.
Fig. 1 is a schematic flowchart of a data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission according to an embodiment of the present application, where the method may be applied to a relay node with limited energy, as shown in fig. 1, the method may include the following steps:
s101: and receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded.
In the embodiment of the application, the energy information simultaneous transmission system comprises a relay node, a destination node and a plurality of source nodes. For convenience of description, the sequence number of the source node is denoted by i, the relay node is denoted by R, and the destination node is denoted by D.
Figure BDA0003082653110000071
Representing the set of source nodes and N representing the total number of source nodes.
As can be understood by those skilled in the art, the source node, the relay node, and the destination node are all electronic devices with communication capability, where the relay node is energy-limited, and it can be understood that the relay node is battery-powered, and energy consumption of the relay node needs to be considered; the source node and the destination node are non-energy-constrained and may not consider their energy consumption.
In the embodiment of the application, a direct link does not exist between the source node and the destination node, and the communication process needs to be assisted and completed through a relay node with limited energy. That is, a plurality of source nodes send data to the relay node first, and the relay node forwards the data to the destination node.
For the ith source node, the generated data stream obeys a parameter λiPoisson distribution of (a).
As an example, the channel between any source node and the relay node may be an independent and identically distributed rayleigh fading channel.
As an example, WiFi frequency band communication can be adopted between the source node and the relay node, and Collision avoidance is carried out through CSMA/CA (Carrier Sense Multiple Access with colloid Avoid) technology. Namely, the technology is adopted to ensure that the relay node cannot simultaneously receive the radio frequency signals sent by different source nodes in one time slot. The relay node and the destination node may communicate using an LTE (Long Term Evolution) frequency band. The entire system may operate in a TDMA (Time division multiple access) mode.
In this embodiment of the application, the source node may send a radio frequency signal to the relay node, where the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded. The data packet may carry state information of the source node.
S102: energy is collected from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy splitting factor.
In the embodiment of the application, the communication between the source node and the relay node adopts a Simultaneous transmission of energy Information and Power Transfer (SWIPT) technology, that is, the relay node has an energy collection capability, and the relay node can collect energy from a radio frequency signal. Defining alpha as an energy splitting factor.
Let PiRRepresenting the received signal power at the relay node of the radio frequency signal transmitted by the source node i, the energy collected by the relay node from the radio frequency signal transmitted by the source node i at a single time can be represented as:
ei＝αPiR
s103: judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node; if not, executing S104; if yes, go to step S105.
In the embodiment of the present application, since the system operates in the TDMA mode, successful decoding of the data packet at the destination node means that: and if the relay node receives the radio frequency signal, forwarding a data packet carried by the radio frequency signal to the destination node in the next time slot, and successfully decoding the data packet at the destination node.
Those skilled in the art will appreciate that when the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal received at the destination node is high, the data packet can be decoded at the destination node; on the contrary, if the signal-to-noise ratio of the signal received by the destination node is low, the data packet cannot be decoded at the destination node.
Specifically, the channel states of the relay node and the destination node can be determined by adopting the technologies such as channel prediction and the like, and then the signal-to-noise ratio of the received signal at the destination node is calculated by combining the residual energy in the radio frequency signal, so that whether the current data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node is predicted.
S104: the packet is discarded.
S105: judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined expected information age of the source node is within a preset range or not; if yes, executing S106; if not, S107 is executed.
S106: the packet is discarded.
S107: and forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
In the embodiment of the application, if the data packet cannot be successfully decoded at the destination node, the information age of the source node at the destination node cannot be updated even if the data packet is forwarded to the destination node. Therefore, in this case, the packet is discarded without forwarding to reduce power consumption.
If the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node, whether the deviation between the information age of the source node of the current time slot at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range or not is further judged, and the data packet is discarded or forwarded according to the judgment result.
The information age expectations of the respective source nodes are predetermined, and a process of calculating the information age expectations will be described below.
For convenience of describing the limitation conditions of energy, data, transmission scheduling and the like, d (t) represents the t-slot data queue length at the relay node, and e (t) represents the t-slot energy queue length at the relay node.
For the data queue, when the relay node receives a data packet, the data queue increases by one, and when the relay node forwards a data packet outwards, the data queue decreases by one. Meanwhile, the transmission strategy for optimizing the information age is as follows: if a packet is to be forwarded out, the best forwarding opportunity is the next time slot after the packet is received. Therefore, the length of the data queue is not greater than 1, and the condition that the data queue has the length of 1 is that a data packet currently existing in the data queue needs to be forwarded outwards.
For the energy queue, the maximum capacity B of the energy queue length is initialized, then a small part of energy is added every time a data packet is received, and 1 unit of energy is consumed every time a data packet is forwarded outwards.
The evolution of the two queues can be expressed as follows:
Figure BDA0003082653110000101
Figure BDA0003082653110000102
wherein d isi(t) indicates whether a data packet of a source node I is received in a t time slot, IR-i(t) indicates whether the t-slot relay node forwards the data packet from the source node I to the destination node, IR-i(t) ═ 1 denotes forwarding, IR-i(t) ═ 0 indicates no forwarding. Obviously, the precondition for forwarding the data packet outwards is that there is a data packet in the data queue and the energy of the current relay node is enough to support the data transmission.
In addition, in the embodiment of the application, the data packet is forwarded only when the data packet is judged to be successfully decoded at the destination node, wherein when the signal-to-noise ratio is greater than a preset threshold value, the data packet is considered to be successfully decoded.
Thus, IR-i(t) can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003082653110000103
wherein, the SINRi(t) signal-to-noise ratio, t, indicating that t time slots packets from source node i are forwarded to destination nodeDRepresenting a preset threshold.
In the embodiment of the application, the expectation of the information age in the network energy stable state is calculated according to the data arrival rule of the source node, the channel state distribution and the like.
Specifically, assuming that the total operating time slot of the TDMA system is T, the expectation of the number of data packets sent from the source node i to the relay node in this time period is as follows:
Ki-exp＝λiT
wherein λ isiRepresenting the poisson distribution parameters to which the source node i is subject.
Receiving Ki-expThe total energy collected for each packet is:
Ei-H＝eiKi-exp
outward forwarding Ki-realThe total energy consumed by each packet is:
Eout＝PRKi-real
to optimize the information age indicator, considering a part of the initial energy of the relay node consumed within T time, the equation relationship between energy input and consumption is:
βB+Ei-H＝PRKi-real
wherein beta represents the proportion of consuming the initial energy of the relay node, and beta is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 1.
Let taiRepresenting the information age expectation of the source node i at the destination node, the information age can be minimized when the following formula is satisfied:
Figure BDA0003082653110000111
then the solution is carried out by combining the upper formula to further obtain
Figure BDA0003082653110000112
Where T denotes the total operating time slot of the TDMA system, PRRepresenting the transmission power of the relay node, eiRepresenting the energy, λ, collected by the relay node in a single radio-frequency signal transmitted by the source node iiThe Poisson distribution parameter obeyed by the source node i is represented, beta represents the proportion of consumed initial energy of the relay node, and B represents the maximum capacity of the length of the initial energy queue. The above parameters to the right of the equation are known quantities and can therefore be calculated to give taiI.e. age expectation of the information at the destination node by the source node i.
In the embodiment of the application, if the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is small, in order to make the information ages of all the source nodes in the whole network as good as possible, the data packet forwarding is abandoned to save energy; on the contrary, if the information age of the source node at the destination node in the current time slot has a large deviation from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, the information age of the source node at the destination node needs to be updated as soon as possible, that is, the data packet is forwarded to the destination node, so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
By adopting the data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission provided by the embodiment of the application, the radio frequency signal sent by the source node is received, and the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded; collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor; judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node; if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range; if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, information age expectations of each source node are calculated in advance, and when determining whether to forward a data packet to a destination node, if a deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node in a current time slot and the predetermined information age expectations of the source node is small, in order to make the information ages of all the source nodes in the entire network as good as possible, the data packet forwarding is given up for the time to save energy; on the contrary, if the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot has a larger deviation from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, the data packet of the source node is forwarded to the destination node in order to update the information age of the source node at the destination node as soon as possible. By adopting the data packet forwarding strategy, the energy stability of the relay node can be maintained, the situation that the relay node cannot normally work due to energy exhaustion caused by continuous data packet forwarding is avoided, the information age of each source node is maintained in a better state, and the timeliness of the whole network is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, to facilitate indicating that the actual information age of the source node i deviates from the expected information age by a desired amount, a virtual queue X is establishedi(t)＝Ai(t)-tai，Xi(t) indicates the magnitude of the deviation of the actual information age of the t-slot source node i from the expected information age, Ai(t) represents the actual information age of the t-slot source node i, taiIndicating the age expectation of the information of the source node i.
As an example, based on Lyapunov stability theory, the following energy function is established.
Figure BDA0003082653110000121
The information age update iterative relationship of the source node i can be expressed as:
Figure BDA0003082653110000131
correspondingly, the update iteration relation of the virtual queue is as follows:
Figure BDA0003082653110000132
the variation of the Lyapunov stability state between one slot can be calculated as:
Figure BDA0003082653110000133
combining the above two equations, the virtual queue square fetch part can be rewritten as:
Figure BDA0003082653110000134
Figure BDA0003082653110000135
in order to stabilize the information age of the source node i near the information age expectation, the transmission policy optimization objective is established as follows:
Figure BDA0003082653110000136
for the data packets needing to be forwarded, the relay node forwards the data packets in the next time slot, and for the data packets giving up to be forwarded, the relay node does not store the data packets but immediately discards the data packets, so that at most one data packet only exists in the data queue of the relay node. And due to IR-i(t) is an 0/1 variable, so the transmission policy optimization objective described above can be equated with:
IR-i(t)＝1,tai 2-4tai+3-Xi 2(t)
IR-i(t)＝0,2Xi(t)
therefore, the above transmission strategy optimization equation can be solved to obtain:
Figure BDA0003082653110000141
that is, for time slot t, when it is satisfied
Figure BDA0003082653110000142
When the information age of the source node at the current time slot at the destination node is greatly deviated from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, IR-i(t) 1, indicating that a data packet needs to be forwarded to the destination node so as to update the information age of the source node i as soon as possible; when it is satisfied with
Figure BDA0003082653110000143
When the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot is less different from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, IR-iAnd (t) ═ 0, which indicates that the data packet of the source node i is discarded to save energy, and is used for forwarding the data packets of other source nodes to ensure that the information ages of other source nodes are also maintained in a relatively stable state.
Corresponding to the data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission provided in the embodiment of the present application, an embodiment of the present application further provides a data transmission device based on energy information simultaneous transmission, referring to fig. 2, the device may include the following modules:
a receiving module 201, configured to receive a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, where the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded;
an energy collecting module 202, configured to collect energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy splitting factor;
the first judging module 203 is configured to judge whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node based on the remaining energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node;
a first discarding module 204, configured to discard the data packet if the first determining module determines that the result is negative; when the judgment result of the first judgment module is yes, triggering a second judgment module;
a second judging module 205, configured to judge whether a deviation between an information age of a source node at a destination node in a current time slot and a predetermined expected information age of the source node is within a preset range;
a second discarding module 206, configured to discard the data packet if the determination result of the second determining module is yes; when the judgment result of the second judgment module is negative, the forwarding module is triggered;
and a forwarding module 207, configured to forward the data packet to the destination node, so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
The data transmission device based on energy information simultaneous transmission provided by the embodiment of the application is adopted to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries the data packet to be forwarded; collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor; judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node; if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range; if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, information age expectations of each source node are calculated in advance, and when determining whether to forward a data packet to a destination node, if a deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node in a current time slot and the predetermined information age expectations of the source node is small, in order to make the information ages of all the source nodes in the entire network as good as possible, the data packet forwarding is given up for the time to save energy; on the contrary, if the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot has a larger deviation from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, the data packet of the source node is forwarded to the destination node in order to update the information age of the source node at the destination node as soon as possible. By adopting the data packet forwarding strategy, the energy stability of the relay node can be maintained, the situation that the relay node cannot normally work due to energy exhaustion caused by continuous data packet forwarding is avoided, the information age of each source node is maintained in a better state, and the timeliness of the whole network is improved.
In one embodiment of the present application, the information age of the source node is desirably determined according to the following formula:
Ki-exp＝λiT
Ei-H＝eiKi-exp
Eout＝PRKi-real
βB+Ei-H＝Eout＝PRKi-real
Figure BDA0003082653110000151
where T denotes the total operating time slot, λ, of the TDMA systemiRepresenting the Poisson distribution parameter, K, to which the source node i is subjecti-expExpectation representing the number of packets sent by the source node i to the relay node in T slots, eiRepresenting the energy collected by the relay node in a single radio-frequency signal transmitted by the source node i, Ei-HRepresenting the sum of the energy, P, collected by the relay node from the RF signal transmitted by the source node i during the T time slotRIndicating the transmission power of the relay node, Ki-realIndicating the total number of data packets forwarded by the relay node to the destination node in the T time slot, EoutRepresents the energy consumed by the relay node to forward the data packet to the destination node in the T time slot, beta represents the proportion of the initial energy consumed by the relay node, B represents the maximum capacity of the length of the initial energy queue, and TaiIndicating the age expectation of the information at the destination node for source node i.
In one embodiment of the present application, the data packet carries state information of the source node.
In an embodiment of the present application, the second determining module 205 is specifically configured to:
judging whether the deviation of the information age of the source node of the current time slot at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range or not based on the following formula:
Figure BDA0003082653110000161
Xi(t)＝Ai(t)-tai
wherein, IR-i(t) indicates whether the t-slot relay node forwards the data packet from the source node I to the destination node, IR-i(t) ═ 1 denotes forwarding, IR-i(t) — 0 means no forwarding, taiRepresenting the age expectation, X, of the information at the destination node of the source node ii(t) indicates the magnitude of the deviation of the actual information age of the t-slot source node i from the expected information age, Ai(t) represents the actual information age of the t-slot source node i;
Figure BDA0003082653110000162
representing that the deviation between the information age of a t time slot source node i at a destination node and the information age expectation of the predetermined source node is not within a preset range;
Figure BDA0003082653110000163
the deviation of the information age of the source node i at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range.
The method and the device are based on the same application concept, and because the principles of solving the problems of the method and the device are similar, the implementation of the device and the method can be mutually referred, and repeated parts are not described again.
Based on the same inventive concept, according to the above data transmission method embodiment based on energy information simultaneous transmission, an embodiment of the present application further provides an electronic device, as shown in fig. 3, including a processor 301, a communication interface 302, a memory 303, and a communication bus 304, where the processor 301, the communication interface 302, and the memory 303 complete mutual communication through the communication bus 304,
a memory 303 for storing a computer program;
the processor 301, when executing the program stored in the memory 303, implements the following steps:
receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded;
collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor;
judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node;
if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range;
if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
The communication bus mentioned in the electronic device may be a Peripheral Component Interconnect (PCI) bus, an Extended Industry Standard Architecture (EISA) bus, or the like. The communication bus may be divided into an address bus, a data bus, a control bus, etc. For ease of illustration, only one thick line is shown, but this does not mean that there is only one bus or one type of bus.
The communication interface is used for communication between the electronic equipment and other equipment.
The Memory may include a Random Access Memory (RAM) or a Non-Volatile Memory (NVM), such as at least one disk Memory. Optionally, the memory may also be at least one memory device located remotely from the processor.
The Processor may be a general-purpose Processor, including a Central Processing Unit (CPU), a Network Processor (NP), and the like; but also Digital Signal Processors (DSPs), Application Specific Integrated Circuits (ASICs), Field Programmable Gate Arrays (FPGAs) or other Programmable logic devices, discrete Gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components.
The electronic equipment provided by the embodiment of the application is adopted to receive the radio frequency signal sent by the source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries the data packet to be forwarded; collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor; judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node; if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the current time slot source node at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range; if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node.
It can be seen that, in the embodiment of the present application, information age expectations of each source node are calculated in advance, and when determining whether to forward a data packet to a destination node, if a deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node in a current time slot and the predetermined information age expectations of the source node is small, in order to make the information ages of all the source nodes in the entire network as good as possible, the data packet forwarding is given up for the time to save energy; on the contrary, if the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot has a larger deviation from the predetermined information age expectation of the source node, the data packet of the source node is forwarded to the destination node in order to update the information age of the source node at the destination node as soon as possible. By adopting the data packet forwarding strategy, the energy stability of the relay node can be maintained, the situation that the relay node cannot normally work due to energy exhaustion caused by continuous data packet forwarding is avoided, the information age of each source node is maintained in a better state, and the timeliness of the whole network is improved.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is further provided, in which a computer program is stored, and the computer program, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the above-mentioned data transmission methods based on energy information co-transmission.
In another embodiment of the present invention, there is also provided a computer program product containing instructions, which when run on a computer, causes the computer to execute any one of the above-mentioned data transmission methods based on energy information co-transmission.
In the above embodiments, the implementation may be wholly or partially realized by software, hardware, firmware, or any combination thereof. When implemented in software, may be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions. When loaded and executed on a computer, cause the processes or functions described in accordance with the embodiments of the invention to occur, in whole or in part. The computer may be a general purpose computer, a special purpose computer, a network of computers, or other programmable device. The computer instructions may be stored in a computer readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer readable storage medium to another, for example, from one website site, computer, server, or data center to another website site, computer, server, or data center via wired (e.g., coaxial cable, fiber optic, Digital Subscriber Line (DSL)) or wireless (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.). The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device, such as a server, a data center, etc., that includes one or more available media. The usable medium may be a magnetic medium (e.g., floppy Disk, hard Disk, magnetic tape), an optical medium (e.g., DVD), or a semiconductor medium (e.g., Solid State Disk (SSD)), among others.
It is noted that, herein, relational terms such as first and second, and the like may be used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Also, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising an … …" does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises the element.
All the embodiments in the present specification are described in a related manner, and the same and similar parts among the embodiments may be referred to each other, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from the other embodiments. In particular, for the embodiments of the data transmission device, the electronic device, and the computer storage medium based on the energy information co-transmission, since they are substantially similar to the embodiments of the data transmission method based on the energy information co-transmission, the description is relatively simple, and the relevant points can be referred to the partial description of the embodiments of the data transmission method based on the energy information co-transmission.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A data transmission method based on energy information simultaneous transmission is characterized in that the method is applied to a relay node of an energy information simultaneous transmission system, the energy information simultaneous transmission system comprises the relay node, a destination node and a plurality of source nodes, and each source node and the relay node adopt energy information simultaneous transmission technology for communication, and the method comprises the following steps:
receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded;
collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy splitting factor;
judging whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node or not based on the residual energy in the radio frequency signal and the channel states of the relay node and the destination node;
if not, discarding the data packet; if yes, judging whether the deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range;
if yes, discarding the data packet; if not, forwarding the data packet to the destination node so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node;
the information age expectation of the source node is determined according to the following formula:
Ki-exp＝λiT
Ei-H＝eiKi-exp
Eout＝PRKi-real
βB+Ei-H＝Eout＝PRKi-real
Figure FDA0003531363000000011
where T denotes the total operating time slot of the TDMA system, λiRepresenting the Poisson distribution parameter, K, to which the source node i is subjecti-expExpectation representing the number of packets sent by the source node i to the relay node in T slots, eiRepresenting the energy collected by the relay node in a single radio-frequency signal transmitted by the source node i, Ei-HRepresenting the sum of the energy, P, collected by the relay node from the RF signal transmitted by the source node i during the T time slotRIndicating the transmission power of the relay node, Ki-realIndicating the total number of data packets forwarded by the relay node to the destination node in the T time slot, EoutRepresents the energy consumed by the relay node to forward the data packet to the destination node in the T time slot, beta represents the proportion of the initial energy consumed by the relay node, B represents the maximum capacity of the length of the initial energy queue, and TaiRepresenting the age expectation of the information of the source node i at the destination node;
the step of judging whether the deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range includes:
judging whether the deviation of the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range or not based on the following formula:
Figure FDA0003531363000000021
Xi(t)＝Ai(t)-tai
wherein, IR-i(t) indicates whether the t-slot relay node forwards the data packet from the source node I to the destination node, IR-i(t) ═ 1 denotes forwarding, IR-i(t) ═ 0 means no forwarding, taiRepresenting age expectation, X, of information at a destination node of a source node ii(t) indicates the magnitude of the deviation of the actual information age of the t-slot source node i from the expected information age, Ai(t) represents the actual information age of the t-slot source node i;
Figure FDA0003531363000000022
representing that the deviation between the information age of a t-time slot source node i at a destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is not in a preset range;
Figure FDA0003531363000000023
the deviation of the information age of the source node i at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the data packet carries state information of the source node.
3. A data transmission device based on energy information simultaneous transmission is characterized in that the data transmission device is applied to a relay node of an energy information simultaneous transmission system, the energy information simultaneous transmission system comprises the relay node, a destination node and a plurality of source nodes, each source node and the relay node adopt energy information simultaneous transmission technology for communication, and the device comprises:
the receiving module is used for receiving a radio frequency signal sent by a source node, wherein the radio frequency signal carries a data packet to be forwarded;
the energy collection module is used for collecting energy from the radio frequency signal based on a preset energy division factor;
a first judging module, configured to judge whether the data packet can be successfully decoded at the destination node based on remaining energy in the radio frequency signal and channel states of the relay node and the destination node;
the first discarding module is used for discarding the data packet when the first judging module judges that the result is negative; when the judgment result of the first judgment module is yes, triggering a second judgment module;
the second judgment module is used for judging whether the deviation between the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined expected information age of the source node is within a preset range or not;
the second discarding module is used for discarding the data packet when the judgment result of the second judging module is yes; when the judgment result of the second judgment module is negative, the forwarding module is triggered;
a forwarding module, configured to forward the data packet to the destination node, so that the destination node receives the data packet and updates the information age of the source node at the destination node;
the information age expectation of the source node is determined according to the following formula:
Ki-exp＝λiT
Ei-H＝eiKi-exp
Eout＝PRKi-real
βB+Ei-H＝Eout＝PRKi-real
Figure FDA0003531363000000031
where T denotes the total operating time slot, λ, of the TDMA systemiRepresenting the Poisson distribution parameter, K, to which the source node i is subjecti-expExpectation representing the number of packets sent by the source node i to the relay node in T slots, eiRepresenting the energy collected by the relay node from the radio-frequency signal transmitted by the source node i in a single time, Ei-HRepresenting the sum of the energy, P, collected by the relay node from the RF signal transmitted by the source node i during the T time slotRIndicating the transmission power of the relay node, Ki-realIndicating the total number of data packets forwarded by the relay node to the destination node in the T time slot, EoutRepresents the energy consumed by the relay node to forward the data packet to the destination node in the T time slot, beta represents the proportion of the initial energy consumed by the relay node, B represents the maximum capacity of the length of the initial energy queue, and TaiRepresenting the age expectation of the information of the source node i at the destination node;
the second judgment module is specifically configured to:
judging whether the deviation of the information age of the source node at the destination node of the current time slot and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range or not based on the following formula:
Figure FDA0003531363000000041
Xi(t)＝Ai(t)-tai
wherein, IR-i(t) indicates whether the t-slot relay node forwards the data packet from the source node I to the destination node, IR-i(t) ═ 1 denotes forwarding, IR-i(t) — 0 means no forwarding, taiRepresenting the age expectation, X, of the information at the destination node of the source node ii(t) indicates the magnitude of the deviation of the actual information age of the t-slot source node i from the expected information age, Ai(t) represents the actual information age of the t-slot source node i;
Figure FDA0003531363000000042
representing that the deviation between the information age of a t-time slot source node i at a destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is not in a preset range;
Figure FDA0003531363000000043
the deviation of the information age of the source node i at the destination node and the predetermined information age expectation of the source node is within a preset range.
4. The apparatus of claim 3, wherein the data packet carries state information of the source node.
5. An electronic device is characterized by comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor and the communication interface are used for realizing mutual communication by the memory through the communication bus;
a memory for storing a computer program;
a processor for implementing the method steps of any of claims 1-2 when executing a program stored in the memory.
6. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that a computer program is stored in the computer-readable storage medium, which computer program, when being executed by a processor, carries out the method steps of any one of the claims 1-2.
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