CN113309799A - Thermotropic circulating cooling multi-arc magnetorheological brake - Google Patents
Thermotropic circulating cooling multi-arc magnetorheological brake Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309799A CN113309799A CN202110667230.3A CN202110667230A CN113309799A CN 113309799 A CN113309799 A CN 113309799A CN 202110667230 A CN202110667230 A CN 202110667230A CN 113309799 A CN113309799 A CN 113309799A
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- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 68
- 229910001285 shape-memory alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000006249 magnetic particle Substances 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000000110 cooling liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005284 excitation Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 6
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000017525 heat dissipation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000004323 axial length Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000017166 Bambusa arundinacea Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000017491 Bambusa tulda Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001330002 Bambuseae Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000015334 Phyllostachys viridis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002238 attenuated effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011425 bamboo Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010687 lubricating oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002441 reversible effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001360 synchronised effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D57/00—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders
- F16D57/002—Liquid-resistance brakes; Brakes using the internal friction of fluids or fluid-like media, e.g. powders comprising a medium with electrically or magnetically controlled internal friction, e.g. electrorheological fluid, magnetic powder
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D2065/783—Features relating to cooling cooling control or adjustment
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D2065/784—Features relating to cooling the coolant not being in direct contact with the braking surface
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16D—COUPLINGS FOR TRANSMITTING ROTATION; CLUTCHES; BRAKES
- F16D65/00—Parts or details
- F16D65/78—Features relating to cooling
- F16D2065/787—Pumps
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Braking Arrangements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a thermotropic circulating cooling multi-arc magnetorheological brake, which comprises a brake shaft, a brake column and a brake shell, wherein a valve plate is also arranged between a left end cover and an inner cylinder; the left end of the brake column is provided with a spring groove, a centrifugal impeller is arranged between a left end cover and a valve plate, the right side of the impeller is provided with a push ring, a friction ring is arranged between the push ring and the impeller, and a shape memory alloy spring is arranged in the spring groove; a cooling box is arranged on the outer side of the brake shell and comprises a left end plate, an outer cylinder and a right end plate; and a cooling pipeline is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the left end of the cooling pipeline is communicated with the space between the left end cover and the valve plate, a reflux groove is arranged on the inner side of the right end cover, and the right end of the cooling pipeline is also communicated with the reflux groove. The invention can cool the magnetorheological fluid, thereby improving the stability of the brake.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of brakes, in particular to a thermotropic circulating cooling multi-arc magnetorheological brake.
Background
The magnetorheological fluid is a solid-liquid two-phase functional material with the shape and performance restricted and controlled by an external magnetic field; the Newtonian fluid is mainly composed of magnetic particles and base fluid, is controlled by an external magnetic field, and shows the properties of Newtonian fluid in the absence of the external magnetic field; after the magnetic field is added, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid can change by several orders of magnitude in a very short time, and the magnetorheological fluid shows mechanical properties similar to those of a solid; the whole change process is rapid, continuous, controllable and reversible.
Due to the unique property of the magnetorheological fluid, the magnetorheological fluid has wide application prospect in the field of clutches and brakes: like "a wall cooling type multi-cylinder magnetorheological fluid brake" that CN107061558A disclosed, increase braking area through symmetrical structure to increase braking torque, and through shell section of thick bamboo water-cooling mode heat dissipation, improve braking performance. Also, as the "water-cooled magnetorheological brake" disclosed in CN203702929U, an annular flow channel is provided inside each of the left and right cooling end caps, and heat generated by the magnetorheological brake is transferred out through the cooling liquid in the annular flow channel, so as to achieve the effect of heat dissipation. And as the 'inside engaged gear pump type circulating cooling magnetorheological fluid brake' disclosed in CN110792704B, the inside engaged gear pump assembly is added at the end of the brake shaft, so that the magnetorheological fluid can enter the water tank through the flow channel at high temperature to be cooled, and the cooling effect of the magnetorheological fluid can be effectively improved, thereby effectively improving the thermal stability and the braking effect of the brake.
However, the shear yield stress generated by the magnetorheological fluid is small, so that the braking torque generated by the magnetorheological fluid is limited. To increase the braking torque of a magnetorheological fluid brake, researchers typically increase the torque by increasing the size of the structure or the stacking structure. However, the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid is increased due to the heat generated by slip in the braking process, and the maximum working temperature range of the magnetorheological fluid is narrow and is generally less than 150 ℃; the maximum working temperature range of oil-based magnetorheological fluids is also generally less than 100 ℃. Under the high-temperature environment, the performance of the magnetorheological fluid can be gradually attenuated or even lose efficacy along with the increase of the temperature, so that the technical problem which needs to be solved by technical personnel in the field is solved by taking measures to reduce the temperature rise of the magnetorheological fluid, stabilize the shear yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid, enlarge the application occasions of the magnetorheological fluid and ensure the high-performance operation of a magnetorheological fluid brake.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to solve the problems that the existing brake based on the magnetorheological fluid is greatly influenced by temperature and has poor stability, and provides the multi-arc magnetorheological brake with the thermotropic circulation cooling function, which can cool the magnetorheological fluid, thereby reducing the influence of the temperature on the magnetorheological fluid, improving the stability of the brake, and simultaneously, the action area of the magnetorheological fluid is larger, thereby effectively improving the braking torque of the magnetorheological brake.
In order to solve the technical problem, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a many circular arc formula magneto rheological brake of thermotropic circulative cooling, includes brake axle, braking post and brake housing, brake housing includes left end lid, interior cylinder and right-hand member lid, its characterized in that: a valve plate is arranged between the left end cover and the inner cylinder, the left end cover, the valve plate, the inner cylinder and the right end cover are sequentially connected, and a space is reserved between the left end cover and the valve plate; the brake column is positioned in the brake shell, the right end of the brake column is connected with the right end cover through a bearing, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the brake column and the inner wall of the inner cylinder; wherein, a plurality of arc grooves are arranged on the side wall of the braking column along the axial direction and around the braking column, and arc bulges are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder corresponding to the arc grooves, so that the gap between the braking column and the inner cylinder is in a wave shape; a flow guide groove is formed in the middle of the right side of the flow distribution plate, the inner side of the flow guide groove penetrates through the inner side of the flow distribution plate, and the outer side of the flow guide groove extends to the outer side of a gap between the braking column and the inner cylinder, so that the gap between the braking column and the inner cylinder is communicated with the flow guide groove; a left filter ring is arranged in the diversion trench, the left filter ring seals a gap between the brake column and the inner cylinder, and the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid can be separated from the magnetic particles through the left filter ring; the right end of the brake shaft penetrates through the left end cover and the valve plate and then is connected with the brake column, and the brake shaft is connected with the left end cover through a bearing; the left end of the brake column is provided with a spring groove corresponding to the position of the brake shaft, the diameter of the spring groove is larger than that of the brake shaft, the right end of the brake shaft extends into the spring groove, extends to the bottom of the spring groove and then is connected with the brake column, and the brake column can be driven to rotate synchronously;
a centrifugal impeller is arranged between the left end cover and the valve plate, the impeller is sleeved on the brake shaft through a central hole and is in clearance fit with the brake shaft, and the valve plate is sleeved on a right cover body of the impeller so as to enable a liquid inlet hole of the impeller to be communicated with the flow guide groove; a push ring is arranged on the right side of the impeller, is sleeved on the brake shaft and is connected with the brake shaft in a sliding fit manner through a key; a friction ring is arranged between the push ring and the impeller, and the friction ring is sleeved on the brake shaft and is in clearance fit with the brake shaft; a shape memory alloy spring is arranged in the spring groove, the shape memory alloy spring is sleeved on the brake shaft, one end of the shape memory alloy spring is connected with the groove bottom of the spring groove, the other end of the shape memory alloy spring is connected with the push ring, and in an initial state, under the action of the shape memory alloy spring, gaps are formed among the impeller, the friction ring and the push ring;
a cooling box is arranged on the outer side of the brake shell, the cooling box comprises a left end plate, an outer cylinder and a right end plate, the left end plate and the right end plate are both annular and are correspondingly and fixedly connected with a left end cover and a right end cover, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the inner cylinder and has a distance with the inner cylinder, and the two ends of the outer cylinder are respectively and fixedly connected with the left end plate and the right end plate; a cooling pipeline is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the cooling pipeline is wound on the inner cylinder, and the left end of the cooling pipeline is communicated with the space between the left end cover and the valve plate; a backflow groove is formed in the inner side of the right end cover, a gap between the brake cylinder and the inner cylinder is communicated with the backflow groove, and the right end of the cooling pipeline is also communicated with the backflow groove; a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are also arranged on the right end plate;
a coil groove is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the inner cylinder and surrounds the inner cylinder for a circle, and an excitation coil is arranged in the coil groove in a winding manner; magnetorheological fluid is filled in a gap between the brake cylinder and the inner cylinder, and base fluid is filled among the cooling pipeline, the left end cover and the valve plate, the diversion trench and the backflow trench.
Furthermore, a right filter ring is arranged in the reflux groove, the right filter ring seals a gap between the brake column and the inner cylinder, and the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid can be separated from the magnetic particles through the right filter ring.
Furthermore, the positions corresponding to the outer cylinder and the brake column are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, wherein the threaded through hole on the brake column is communicated with the gap between the brake column and the inner cylinder; the thread through hole is internally and cooperatively connected with a thread liquid injection conduit, the inner end of the thread liquid injection conduit extends to be in threaded connection with the thread through hole on the brake column, and the outer end of the thread liquid injection conduit is in threaded connection with the thread through hole on the outer cylinder; the outer end of the thread liquid injection conduit is connected with a liquid injection plug screw in a thread way.
Further, the impeller comprises a left cover body, a right cover body and a rib plate between the left cover body and the right cover body, wherein the inner diameter of the left cover body is smaller than that of the right cover body, so that an impeller center hole is formed, and a liquid inlet hole is formed between the left cover body and the right cover body; a boss is arranged on the right side of the right cover body, the valve plate is sleeved on the boss, and a sealing ring is arranged between the valve plate and the boss; the outer diameter of the friction ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the right cover body, and after the push ring pushes the friction ring to move, the friction ring can be in contact with the left cover body of the impeller and generate friction.
Furthermore, a convex edge is arranged on the left side of the left cover body close to the inner side edge, a shaft shoulder is arranged on the brake shaft at a position corresponding to the convex edge, and after the impeller moves leftwards, the impeller can be in contact with the shaft shoulder to form extrusion; when the convex edge is contacted with the shaft shoulder, a gap is formed between the left cover body and the left end cover, and a sealing ring is arranged between the left cover body and the left end cover.
Furthermore, a coil snap ring is arranged on the outer side of the excitation coil, the excitation coil is sealed in the coil groove through the coil snap ring, and the coil snap ring is a magnetic conduction ring.
Furthermore, a transparent cover is arranged on the left side of the left end cover, the transparent cover is sleeved on the brake shaft and is fixedly connected with the left end cover, and a felt ring is arranged between the transparent cover and the brake shaft.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. compared with the common cylindrical working gap, the multi-arc type magnetorheological fluid working gap formed by the inward-concave multi-arc surface on the outer side of the brake cylinder and the outward-convex multi-arc surface on the inner side of the brake shell can obviously increase the effective working area of the magnetorheological fluid gap at the same axial length, so that the braking torque of the magnetorheological brake can be effectively improved at the multi-arc type magnetorheological fluid working gap.
2. Through the centrifugal impeller pump assembly, the magnetorheological fluid in the working gap of the multi-arc magnetorheological fluid can enter the cooling pipeline in the water tank to be cooled, so that the temperature rise of the magnetorheological fluid caused by slip in the braking process is reduced, and the stability of the magnetorheological fluid is effectively improved.
3. The temperature of the brake is higher than 70 ℃, the shape memory alloy spring pushes the push rod to generate friction torque to drive the impeller to rotate, and the base liquid flows circularly; meanwhile, the higher the temperature of the brake is, the larger the friction torque generated by the shape memory alloy spring is, the faster the rotating speed of the impeller is, the faster the base liquid circularly flows, and the magnetorheological fluid can be kept to work under the environment with basically stable performance.
4. The filtering ring arranged on the inner side of the valve plate and the filtering plug arranged at the outlet of the cooling pipeline can only make the basic liquid in the magnetorheological fluid circularly flow, thereby not only reducing the temperature of the magnetorheological fluid during working, but also saving expensive magnetorheological fluid materials and avoiding the accelerated abrasion of magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid to the impeller blades.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a side view of the structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of an impeller according to the present invention.
In the figure: 1-brake shaft, 2-brake column, 3-left end cover, 4-inner cylinder, 5-right end cover, 6-valve plate, 7-left filter ring, 8-impeller, 81-left cover, 82-right cover, 83-boss, 9-push ring, 10-friction ring, 11-shape memory alloy spring, 12-left end plate, 13-outer cylinder, 14-right end plate, 15-cooling pipeline, 16-excitation coil, 17-magnetorheological fluid, 18-right filter ring, 19-thread liquid injection conduit, 20-liquid injection plug screw, 21-coil snap ring, and 22-through cover.
Detailed Description
The invention will be further explained with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
Example (b): referring to fig. 1, 2 and 3, the heat-induced circulation cooling multi-arc magnetorheological brake comprises a brake shaft 1, a brake column 2 and a brake housing; the brake housing includes a left end cap 3, an inner cylinder 4, and a right end cap 5. A valve plate 6 is further arranged between the left end cover 3 and the inner cylinder 4, the left end cover 3, the valve plate 6, the inner cylinder 4 and the right end cover 5 are sequentially connected, and a space is reserved between the left end cover 3 and the valve plate 6. In specific implementation, the edge of the left end cover 3 is bent rightwards and extended, then bent inwards and extended to form a connecting ring, and the connecting ring is tightly attached to the port plate 6, so that a space is formed between the left end cover 3 and the port plate 6.
The brake column 2 is positioned in the brake shell, and the axis of the brake column is superposed with the axis of the inner cylinder 4; the right end of the brake column 2 is connected with a right end cover 5 through a bearing, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the brake column and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 4; when the brake is manufactured, the right end of the brake column 2 is provided with a cam, and the bearing is sleeved on the cam; and a bearing positioning groove is arranged on the inner side of the right end cover 5 corresponding to the bearing, and the bearing is embedded in the bearing positioning groove and is fixedly connected with the right end cover 5. Wherein, the side wall of the brake column 2 is provided with a plurality of arc grooves around the circumference along the axial direction, and the inner wall of the inner cylinder 4 is provided with arc bulges corresponding to the arc grooves, so that the gap between the brake column 2 and the inner cylinder 4 is in a wave shape. The valve plate 6 is of an annular structure, and the axis of the valve plate is superposed with the axis of the brake column 2; a diversion trench is arranged in the middle of the right side of the valve plate 6, the inner side of the diversion trench penetrates through the inner side of the valve plate 6, and the outer side of the diversion trench extends to the outer side of the gap between the brake column 2 and the inner cylinder 4, so that the gap between the brake column 2 and the inner cylinder 4 is communicated with the diversion trench. A left filter ring 7 is arranged in the diversion trench, the left filter ring 7 seals a gap between the brake column 2 and the inner cylinder 4, and the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid 17 can be separated from the magnetic particles through the left filter ring 7, namely only the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid 17 can pass through the left filter ring 7, and the magnetic particles cannot pass through the base liquid. The brake shaft 1 and the inner cylinder 4 are coaxially arranged, the right end of the brake shaft passes through the left end cover 3 and the valve plate 6 and then is connected with the brake column 2, and the brake shaft 1 is connected with the left end cover 3 through a bearing. Wherein, at the left end of braking post 2, the position that corresponds braking axle 1 has seted up a spring groove, the diameter of spring groove is greater than the diameter of braking axle 1, and the right-hand member of braking axle 1 stretches into in the spring groove to extend to and link to each other with braking post 2 behind the tank bottom, and can drive braking post 2 synchronous revolution. A transparent cover 22 is arranged on the left side of the left end cover 3, the transparent cover 22 is sleeved on the brake shaft 1 and is fixedly connected with the left end cover 3, and a felt ring is arranged between the transparent cover 22 and the brake shaft 1; thereby the closing effect of the whole brake is better. Preferably, a right filter ring 18 is arranged in the reflux tank, the right filter ring 18 closes a gap between the brake column 2 and the inner cylinder 4, and the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid 17 can be separated from the magnetic particles through the right filter ring 18; when the brake shaft 1 rotates reversely, the magnetic particles can be separated from the base liquid through the right filter ring 18, so that the magnetic particles are prevented from entering the cooling pipeline 15, and the magneto-rheological effect is ensured.
A centrifugal impeller 8 is arranged between the left end cover 3 and the valve plate 6, the impeller 8 is sleeved on the brake shaft 1 through a central hole and is in clearance fit with the brake shaft 1, and lubricating oil is filled in a clearance between the impeller 8 and the brake shaft 1, so that the impeller 8 moves more smoothly, and friction is reduced. The valve plate 6 is sleeved on the right cover body 82 of the impeller 8, so that a liquid inlet hole of the impeller 8 is communicated with the flow guide groove; the right side of the impeller 8 is provided with a push ring 9, and the push ring 9 is sleeved on the brake shaft 1 and is connected with the brake shaft 1 in a sliding fit manner through a key. A friction ring 10 is arranged between the push ring 9 and the impeller 8, and the friction ring 10 is sleeved on the brake shaft 1 and is in clearance fit with the brake shaft 1. In specific implementation, the impeller 8 includes a left cover 81, a right cover 82, and a rib plate between the left cover 81 and the right cover 82, wherein an inner diameter of the left cover 81 is smaller than an inner diameter of the right cover 82, so as to form a central hole of the impeller 8, and a liquid inlet hole is formed between the left cover 81 and the right cover 82. A boss 83 is arranged on the right side of the right cover 82, the port plate 6 is sleeved on the boss 83, and a sealing ring is arranged between the port plate 6 and the boss 83. The outer diameter of the friction ring 10 is smaller than the inner diameter of the right cover 82, and when the push ring 9 pushes the friction ring 10 to move, the friction ring can contact with the left cover 81 of the impeller 8 and generate friction. A convex edge is arranged at the left side of the left cover body 81 close to the inner side edge, a shaft shoulder is arranged on the brake shaft 1 corresponding to the convex edge, and when the impeller 8 moves leftwards, the shaft shoulder can be contacted with the impeller and forms extrusion; when the convex edge is contacted with the shaft shoulder, a gap is formed between the left cover body 81 and the left end cover 3, and a sealing ring is arranged between the left cover body 81 and the left end cover 3; therefore, friction between the impeller 8 and the left end cover 3 can be avoided, and the service life of the whole brake is prolonged.
The shape memory alloy spring 11 is arranged in the spring groove, the shape memory alloy spring 11 is sleeved on the brake shaft 1, one end of the shape memory alloy spring 11 is connected with the groove bottom of the spring groove, the other end of the shape memory alloy spring is connected with the push ring 9, and in an initial state, under the action of the shape memory alloy spring 11, a gap is formed among the impeller 8, the friction ring 10 and the push ring 9.
A cooling box is arranged on the outer side of the brake shell, the cooling box comprises a left end plate 12, an outer cylinder 13 and a right end plate 14, and during machining, the outer cylinder 13 is connected with a fixed base. The left end plate 12 and the right end plate 14 are both annular and are correspondingly fixedly connected with the left end cover 3 and the right end cover 5, the outer cylinder 13 is sleeved on the inner cylinder 4 and has a distance with the inner cylinder 4, and two ends of the outer cylinder are respectively fixedly connected with the left end plate 12 and the right end plate 14. A cooling pipeline 15 is arranged between the outer cylinder 13 and the inner cylinder 4, the cooling pipeline 15 is wound on the inner cylinder 4, and the left end of the cooling pipeline 15 is communicated with the space between the left end cover 3 and the valve plate 6; a reflux groove is arranged on the inner side of the right end cover 5, the gap between the brake cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 4 is communicated with the reflux groove, and the right end of the cooling pipeline 15 is also communicated with the reflux groove. A cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are also arranged on the right end plate 14. The cooling tank is filled with a cooling liquid, and the cooling liquid is preferably water.
A coil groove which is wound for a circle is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the inner cylinder 4, and an excitation coil 16 is wound in the coil groove; a coil snap ring 21 is arranged on the outer side of the exciting coil 16, and the exciting coil 16 is sealed in the coil groove by the coil snap ring 21; wherein, the coil snap ring 21 is a magnetic conductive ring. Magnetorheological fluid 17 is filled in a gap between the brake column 2 and the inner cylinder 4, and base fluid is filled among the cooling pipeline 15, the left end cover 3 and the valve plate 6, the diversion trench and the backflow trench. In specific implementation, the corresponding positions of the outer cylinder 13 and the brake cylinder 2 are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, wherein the threaded through hole on the brake cylinder 2 is communicated with a gap between the brake cylinder 2 and the inner cylinder 4; a thread liquid injection conduit 19 is connected with the thread through hole in a matching way, the inner end of the thread liquid injection conduit 19 extends to be in threaded connection with the thread through hole on the brake column 2, and the outer end is in threaded connection with the thread through hole on the outer cylinder 13; the outer end of the thread liquid injection conduit 19 is connected with a liquid injection screw plug 20 in a threaded manner; this enables the magnetorheological fluid 17 to be efficiently injected into the gap. In implementation, the right end cap 5 is further provided with a base liquid injection hole, the base liquid injection hole is communicated with the reflux tank, and the base liquid injection hole is also provided with an injection plug screw 20 in threaded fit.
In the working process, 1, when the magnet exciting coil is not electrified, the brake shaft rotates, the brake torque cannot be generated on the brake shaft by the torque transmitted by the zero magnetic field viscous shear stress of the magnetorheological fluid, and the brake shaft idles.
2. When the excitation coil is electrified, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid are arranged in a chain structure along the magnetic flux direction, the shearing stress of the magnetorheological fluid is increased, the braking column can be braked by means of the braking torque generated by the shearing stress, so that the braking shaft is braked, the larger the current is, the stronger the magnetic field intensity is, the larger the generated braking torque is, and the more remarkable the braking effect is. For example, when the radius of the cylinder is 50mm, the length is 50mm, the current is 2A, the yield stress of the magnetorheological fluid is 46kPa, the rotating speed is 1200rpm, and the MR braking torque of the cylinder is =35.4 N.m; the cylinder radius is 50mm, the length is 50mm, the arc radius is 5mm, the number of arcs is 5, and the multi-arc MR braking torque =45.7N · m; the circular arc MR braking torque is improved by 29.4% compared with the cylinder MR braking torque.
3. When the temperature of the brake is lower than 70 ℃, the shape memory alloy spring does not reach the phase transition critical temperature, the shape memory alloy spring cannot push the push ring, and the brake shaft cannot drive the impeller to rotate; when the temperature of the brake exceeds 70 ℃, the shape memory alloy spring extends to push the push ring, the push ring pushes the friction ring, friction between the friction ring and the impeller generates friction torque, the impeller can be driven to rotate through the friction torque, the extrusion force generated by the shape memory alloy spring is larger along with the continuous rise of the temperature, the maximum extrusion force is generated when the temperature of the shape memory alloy spring reaches 100 ℃, and meanwhile, the impeller is driven to reach the maximum rotating speed.
4. Under the high-temperature condition, the impeller rotates, negative pressure is formed at the liquid inlet of the impeller in the rotating process, the basic liquid in the working gap of the magnetorheological fluid is sucked through the filter ring, and meanwhile, the basic liquid is thrown into the cooling pipeline due to the centrifugal force generated at the tail end of the impeller; after heat exchange is carried out between the base liquid and the cooling liquid in the flowing process of the cooling pipeline to realize heat dissipation, the base liquid enters the backflow groove in the right shell and flows back to the working gap of the magnetorheological fluid after penetrating through the right filter ring, and therefore the circulating cooling process is completed.
Compared with the common cylindrical working gap, the multi-arc type magnetorheological fluid working gap formed by the inward-concave multi-arc surface on the outer side of the brake cylinder and the outward-convex multi-arc surface on the inner side of the brake shell can obviously increase the effective working area of the magnetorheological fluid gap at the same axial length, so that the braking torque of the magnetorheological brake can be effectively improved at the multi-arc type magnetorheological fluid working gap. Moreover, by the centrifugal impeller pump, the magnetorheological fluid in the multi-arc magnetorheological fluid working gap can enter the cooling pipeline in the water tank for cooling, so that the temperature rise of the magnetorheological fluid caused by slip in the braking process is reduced, and the stability of the magnetorheological fluid is effectively improved.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the technical solutions, and those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions, and all that should be covered by the claims of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. The utility model provides a many circular arc formula magneto rheological brake of thermotropic circulative cooling, includes brake axle, braking post and brake housing, brake housing includes left end lid, interior cylinder and right-hand member lid, its characterized in that: a valve plate is arranged between the left end cover and the inner cylinder, the left end cover, the valve plate, the inner cylinder and the right end cover are sequentially connected, and a space is reserved between the left end cover and the valve plate; the brake column is positioned in the brake shell, the right end of the brake column is connected with the right end cover through a bearing, and a gap is formed between the side wall of the brake column and the inner wall of the inner cylinder; wherein, a plurality of arc grooves are arranged on the side wall of the braking column along the axial direction and around the braking column, and arc bulges are arranged on the inner wall of the inner cylinder corresponding to the arc grooves, so that the gap between the braking column and the inner cylinder is in a wave shape; a flow guide groove is formed in the middle of the right side of the flow distribution plate, the inner side of the flow guide groove penetrates through the inner side of the flow distribution plate, and the outer side of the flow guide groove extends to the outer side of a gap between the braking column and the inner cylinder, so that the gap between the braking column and the inner cylinder is communicated with the flow guide groove; a left filter ring is arranged in the diversion trench, the left filter ring seals a gap between the brake column and the inner cylinder, and the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid can be separated from the magnetic particles through the left filter ring; the right end of the brake shaft penetrates through the left end cover and the valve plate and then is connected with the brake column, and the brake shaft is connected with the left end cover through a bearing; the left end of the brake column is provided with a spring groove corresponding to the position of the brake shaft, the diameter of the spring groove is larger than that of the brake shaft, the right end of the brake shaft extends into the spring groove, extends to the bottom of the spring groove and then is connected with the brake column, and the brake column can be driven to rotate synchronously;
a centrifugal impeller is arranged between the left end cover and the valve plate, the impeller is sleeved on the brake shaft through a central hole and is in clearance fit with the brake shaft, and the valve plate is sleeved on a right cover body of the impeller so as to enable a liquid inlet hole of the impeller to be communicated with the flow guide groove; a push ring is arranged on the right side of the impeller, is sleeved on the brake shaft and is connected with the brake shaft in a sliding fit manner through a key; a friction ring is arranged between the push ring and the impeller, and the friction ring is sleeved on the brake shaft and is in clearance fit with the brake shaft; a shape memory alloy spring is arranged in the spring groove, the shape memory alloy spring is sleeved on the brake shaft, one end of the shape memory alloy spring is connected with the groove bottom of the spring groove, the other end of the shape memory alloy spring is connected with the push ring, and in an initial state, under the action of the shape memory alloy spring, gaps are formed among the impeller, the friction ring and the push ring;
a cooling box is arranged on the outer side of the brake shell, the cooling box comprises a left end plate, an outer cylinder and a right end plate, the left end plate and the right end plate are both annular and are correspondingly and fixedly connected with a left end cover and a right end cover, the outer cylinder is sleeved on the inner cylinder and has a distance with the inner cylinder, and the two ends of the outer cylinder are respectively and fixedly connected with the left end plate and the right end plate; a cooling pipeline is arranged between the outer cylinder and the inner cylinder, the cooling pipeline is wound on the inner cylinder, and the left end of the cooling pipeline is communicated with the space between the left end cover and the valve plate; a backflow groove is formed in the inner side of the right end cover, a gap between the brake cylinder and the inner cylinder is communicated with the backflow groove, and the right end of the cooling pipeline is also communicated with the backflow groove; a cooling liquid inlet and a cooling liquid outlet are also arranged on the right end plate;
a coil groove is arranged in the middle of the outer wall of the inner cylinder and surrounds the inner cylinder for a circle, and an excitation coil is arranged in the coil groove in a winding manner; magnetorheological fluid is filled in a gap between the brake cylinder and the inner cylinder, and base fluid is filled among the cooling pipeline, the left end cover and the valve plate, the diversion trench and the backflow trench.
2. The thermally induced cycle cooled multiple arc magnetorheological brake of claim 1, wherein: and a right filter ring is arranged in the reflux groove, the right filter ring seals a gap between the brake column and the inner cylinder, and the base liquid in the magnetorheological fluid can be separated from the magnetic particles through the right filter ring.
3. The thermally induced cycle cooled multiple arc magnetorheological brake of claim 1, wherein: the positions corresponding to the outer cylinder and the brake column are respectively provided with a threaded through hole, wherein the threaded through hole on the brake column is communicated with the gap between the brake column and the inner cylinder; the thread through hole is internally and cooperatively connected with a thread liquid injection conduit, the inner end of the thread liquid injection conduit extends to be in threaded connection with the thread through hole on the brake column, and the outer end of the thread liquid injection conduit is in threaded connection with the thread through hole on the outer cylinder; the outer end of the thread liquid injection conduit is connected with a liquid injection plug screw in a thread way.
4. The thermally induced cycle cooled multiple arc magnetorheological brake of claim 1, wherein: the impeller comprises a left cover body, a right cover body and a rib plate between the left cover body and the right cover body, wherein the inner diameter of the left cover body is smaller than that of the right cover body, so that a central hole of the impeller is formed, and a liquid inlet hole is formed between the left cover body and the right cover body; a boss is arranged on the right side of the right cover body, the valve plate is sleeved on the boss, and a sealing ring is arranged between the valve plate and the boss; the outer diameter of the friction ring is smaller than the inner diameter of the right cover body, and after the push ring pushes the friction ring to move, the friction ring can be in contact with the left cover body of the impeller and generate friction.
5. The thermally-induced cycle cooling multiple arc magnetorheological brake of claim 4, wherein: a convex edge is arranged at the left side of the left cover body close to the inner side edge, a shaft shoulder is arranged on the brake shaft at a position corresponding to the convex edge, and after the impeller moves leftwards, the impeller can be in contact with the shaft shoulder and forms extrusion; when the convex edge is contacted with the shaft shoulder, a gap is formed between the left cover body and the left end cover, and a sealing ring is arranged between the left cover body and the left end cover.
6. The thermally induced cycle cooled multiple arc magnetorheological brake of claim 1, wherein: and a coil snap ring is arranged on the outer side of the excitation coil and seals the excitation coil in the coil groove, wherein the coil snap ring is a magnetic conduction ring.
7. The thermally induced cycle cooled multiple arc magnetorheological brake of claim 1, wherein: a transparent cover is arranged on the left side of the left end cover, the transparent cover is sleeved on the brake shaft and is fixedly connected with the left end cover, and a felt ring is arranged between the transparent cover and the brake shaft.
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