CN113309526B - Construction method for excavation and supporting of buckling arch of subway station - Google Patents
Construction method for excavation and supporting of buckling arch of subway station Download PDFInfo
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- CN113309526B CN113309526B CN202110650026.0A CN202110650026A CN113309526B CN 113309526 B CN113309526 B CN 113309526B CN 202110650026 A CN202110650026 A CN 202110650026A CN 113309526 B CN113309526 B CN 113309526B
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 85
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 50
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 41
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D9/00—Tunnels or galleries, with or without linings; Methods or apparatus for making thereof; Layout of tunnels or galleries
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/04—Lining with building materials
- E21D11/10—Lining with building materials with concrete cast in situ; Shuttering also lost shutterings, e.g. made of blocks, of metal plates or other equipment adapted therefor
- E21D11/105—Transport or application of concrete specially adapted for the lining of tunnels or galleries ; Backfilling the space between main building element and the surrounding rock, e.g. with concrete
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/14—Lining predominantly with metal
- E21D11/18—Arch members ; Network made of arch members ; Ring elements; Polygon elements; Polygon elements inside arches
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21D—SHAFTS; TUNNELS; GALLERIES; LARGE UNDERGROUND CHAMBERS
- E21D11/00—Lining tunnels, galleries or other underground cavities, e.g. large underground chambers; Linings therefor; Making such linings in situ, e.g. by assembling
- E21D11/38—Waterproofing; Heat insulating; Soundproofing; Electric insulating
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- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Architecture (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
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- Geochemistry & Mineralogy (AREA)
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- Civil Engineering (AREA)
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- Excavating Of Shafts Or Tunnels (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention discloses a construction method for excavation and support of a buckling arch of a subway station, which comprises the following steps: advanced geological forecast; constructing a large pipe shed at the arch position of the horsehead door buckle; constructing a pilot tunnel; constructing middle piles and side piles; grouting the advanced small guide pipe of the arch part of the horsehead door; breaking the arch of the button door; buckling arch excavation and supporting; and (5) constructing a plug wall. In the method, a prediction procedure of advanced geological prediction is adopted, so that the occurrence of dangerous accidents is greatly reduced; according to the method, after the two side pilot tunnels and the middle pilot tunnel are communicated, side pile construction is carried out in the two side pilot tunnels, and middle column construction is carried out in the middle pilot tunnel, so that a foundation is laid for stable arch buckling construction; in the method, the processes of buckling arch excavation and supporting are improved, the buckling arch firmness of the subway station is greatly improved, and the dangers of underground excavation collapse, mud burst and water burst, underground pipeline damage, settlement and cracking of surrounding buildings, and road settlement or collapse are avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of subway engineering, in particular to a construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of a subway station.
Background
According to the buckling arch construction characteristics, the geological and hydrological conditions and the surrounding environment analysis, the following danger sources exist in the buckling arch excavation process: subsurface collapse, mud burst and water burst, underground pipeline damage, settlement and cracking of surrounding buildings, settlement or collapse of roads and the like. In the excavation process, if the advance support measures are not strong, the excavation mode is not proper, the primary support is not timely, the construction method is not properly selected, the stratum settlement deformation and the soil body disturbance can be unstable and collapsed due to the water loss consolidation of the tunnel roof; the underground tunnel is subjected to mud burst and water burst due to geological mutation, primary support compression deformation and other reasons; the disasters of underground pipeline damage are caused by the fact that a soil body sinks due to construction reasons and pipelines sink unevenly due to water loss; the ground subsidence of the surrounding building (structure) caused by the station construction may cause the structure of the surrounding building (structure) to crack and subside.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of a subway station, which aims to solve one or more technical problems in the prior art and at least provides a beneficial selection or creation condition.
In order to solve the technical problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of a subway station comprises the following steps:
s100, advanced geological prediction: before construction, advance prediction analysis is carried out on geology for knowing the condition of a stratum to be excavated in advance so as to adjust the excavation method and the support type;
s200, constructing a large pipe shed at the arch position of the horsehead door buckle: after the ingate is excavated and the profile is positioned, buckling an arch to lay a large advanced support pipe shed along the arch part range, and performing advanced grouting to reinforce the stratum after the pipe shed is laid;
s300, pilot tunnel construction: firstly, grouting construction is carried out on the arch part leading small guide pipes of the side pilot tunnels and the middle pilot tunnel, then, excavating is carried out on two side pilot tunnels and a middle pilot tunnel by a step method, firstly, excavating the pilot tunnels on two sides, and then excavating the middle pilot tunnel; excavating two side pilot tunnels by a step method, wherein the front and back of the tunnel faces of the pilot tunnels are excavated in a staggered manner, and the staggered distance is not less than 5 m;
s400, constructing a middle pile and a side pile: after the two side pilot tunnels are communicated with the middle pilot tunnel, side pile construction is carried out in the two side pilot tunnels, and middle column construction is carried out in the middle pilot tunnel;
s500, grouting for the advanced small guide pipe of the arch part of the ingate: arranging a small advanced guide pipe along the arch part, grouting to reinforce the stratum, and selecting cement paste or cement-water glass double-liquid slurry for grouting reinforcement according to the stratum condition and requirements, wherein the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa;
s600, breaking the arch of the button door with the horsehead: and (3) mechanically breaking the concrete on the side wall at the ingate of the upper step along the contour line of the arch part, and cutting off the steel frame and the connecting ribs of the side wall of the transverse channel within the breaking range. Before the buckling arch steel frames are connected, measuring and positioning the accurate position of the pre-buried steel plate of the pilot tunnel, controlling the steel frames to be connected in the same section, installing the section steel frame at the buckling arch ingate, and connecting the buckling arch steel arch with the side wall steel frame by using a connecting plate in a reinforced way;
s700, buckling arch excavation and supporting, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) advance support: buckling arches among pilot tunnels and excavating earth and stone along with the arch crown of the station in time; in order to prevent collapse during arch buckling, the stratum of the front arch part is subjected to advanced reinforcement before the arch buckling, advanced support and reinforcement are carried out by adopting an advanced large pipe shed and an advanced small pipe, grouting materials select grouting slurry according to stratum changes, and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa; 2) excavating earth and stone: the excavation of earth and rock is mainly carried out by blasting construction, dregs are transported to a transverse channel portal through an agricultural vehicle, poured into a dreg bucket at the bottom of a vertical shaft, lifted to the ground by a bridge crane, poured into a dreg site and transported outside at night, and when tight and hard surrounding rocks such as slightly weathered conglomerates, gravels-containing coarse sandstones and the like are encountered, the excavation is carried out by matching small-sized machines such as a blasting mode and an air pick and the like so as to accelerate the construction progress; 3) installation of the profile steel arch frame: the buckling arch support adopts a section steel arch frame, a longitudinal connecting rib, a steel bar mesh and a C25P6 sprayed concrete support system; 4) spraying concrete: in order to ensure the construction safety, the section steel arch centering is inspected to be qualified and then is sprayed with concrete in time, a wet spraying or dry spraying technology is adopted, the concrete is sprayed with C25P6, the spraying thickness is 350mm, layered spraying is adopted during spraying, when the arch crown collapses in the excavation process, a layer of concrete is sprayed firstly, and then the section steel arch centering is installed. When the concrete is sprayed, the spraying leakage and the virtual spraying cannot occur, the sprayed concrete is compact and has a flat surface, and a cavity is prevented from occurring at the back of the arch crown; 5) backfilling and grouting: a triangular area formed by the arch crown between the buckling arch and the pilot tunnel is a key concern area, after the primary support construction is finished, the triangular area is reinforced to backfill, inject and reinforce, and the injecting pressure is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 MPa; 6) and (3) constructing a secondary lining buckle arch: after the middle arch and the side arch are initially penetrated, cutting off the side walls of the side guide holes and the middle guide hole in a segmented mode, paving a waterproof layer, binding reinforcing steel bars of two lining buckling arches, retreating and pouring the two lining middle arches and the two lining side arches, reserving a backfill grouting pipe, and then performing backfill grouting after the two lining buckling arches are backed up;
s800, construction of a plug wall: the buckling construction end wall adopts a plugging measure of a profile steel arch frame, a horizontal profile steel support, a vertical connecting rib, a self-feeding hollow anchor rod and sprayed concrete, and the horizontal profile steel support of the end wall is connected with a guide hole grid steel frame through a connecting steel plate.
Further, the step S100 specifically includes the following contents: s101, geological sketch: recording the stratum lithology, the weathering degree, the surrounding rock integrity, the surrounding rock structure, the structure and the underground water condition revealed by the working face, wherein the detection range is the working face; s102, ground geological radar: exploring cavities and incompact conditions in the stratum of the shallow earth surface, wherein the exploration range is within 5m below the earth surface; s103, geological radar in the tunnel: forecasting the geological condition in front of the face in a short distance, including the integrity of surrounding rocks and the underground water condition, wherein the detection range is 20-30 m in front of the face; s104, deepening a blast hole detection method: and detecting the grade strength, the integrity degree and the water-rich degree of surrounding rocks in front of the face, wherein the detection range is more than 5m in front of the face and is overlapped by 3 m.
Further, in the step S200, the pipe shed main material is a159mm hot-rolled seamless steel pipe, the wall thickness t =12mm, and the circumferential distance is 400 mm; the height of the pipe shed is 300mm from the initial support of the buckling arch, the angle of the pipe shed is 0-2 degrees, and the lapping length of the pipe shed is 3 m.
Further, in step S200, the specific operation flow of the large pipe shed at the arch buckling position is as follows: s201, arranging three transverse passages in total, namely a transverse passage 1 part, a transverse passage 2 part and a transverse passage 3 part, after the construction of the three transverse passages is finished, constructing an arch buckling large pipe shed before pilot tunnel excavation or arch buckling excavation, releasing the position of the arch buckling large pipe shed on site by a measurer, rechecking without limit invasion, and marking by using red paint; s202, manufacturing a steel perforated pipe, welding a wedge plate at the top end of the steel pipe, drilling slurry overflow holes with the diameter of 10-16 mm on the pipe wall, wherein the tail part of the steel pipe is 2m long and is used as a slurry stop section without slurry injection, and the steel perforated pipe is arranged in a quincunx shape with the distance of 15 cm; s203, positioning a drilling machine, correcting the position of the drilling machine according to the measurement sampling point, and fixing the drilling machine; s204, drilling is started, and the position of a large arm of a correction drilling machine is continuously checked in the drilling process so as to ensure that the construction error of the pipe shed is within a designed allowable range; s205, finishing drilling after reaching the designed depth, and repeatedly cleaning holes of the pipe shed steel pipe from inside to outside by using a drill rod matched with the high-pressure air pipe until the drilling slag in the pipe shed steel pipe is completely removed; s206, installing a pipe shed steel pipe, jacking the pipe shed steel pipe by a drilling machine, and tightly blocking a gap between the steel pipe and a hole wall by using quick setting cement or other materials after jacking the pipe shed steel pipe in place so as to prevent slurry from overflowing; and S207, grouting in the hole after the holed steel perforated pipe is installed.
Further, in step S200, the construction process of performing advanced grouting after the pipe roof is constructed is as follows: s, exposing a primary support surface of a buckled arch opening outside a steel tube for pipe shed construction by 50cm, fully welding and plugging the tail part by using a steel plate with the thickness of 5mm, and welding a grouting guide pipe in the middle of the steel plate; s, installing a grout stop valve at the end part of the grouting guide pipe so as to prevent grout from flowing back after grouting is finished; s3, preparing cement slurry: the cement is P.O.42.5 ordinary portland cement, and the cement-water cement ratio is W: C =0.5: 1-1: 1; performing a grouting test before grouting, determining grouting parameters according to the experimental result, and mixing cement slurry by a high-speed pulping machine; s, connecting the grouting pipe to the grouting guide pipe at the tail part of the steel perforated pipe, and starting grouting; injecting the cement paste into the steel perforated pipe by using an extrusion type grouting pump, wherein the initial pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa, the final pressure is 1.5-2.0 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is maintained for 15 min; and S, after grouting is finished, closing the grout stop valve to ensure the plugging quality.
Further, in step S400, a method for constructing a center pillar includes: after the middle pilot tunnel is communicated, a hole is formed in the middle column in the tunnel through manual hole digging, a foundation pile reinforcement cage is arranged, a steel pipe column is arranged, the steel pipe column foundation pile concrete is positioned and poured, the steel pipe column is temporarily stabilized by filling sand between the edge of the steel pipe column and the hole wall, and the steel pipe column concrete is poured.
In step S500, a small a42 × 4mm catheter is used as the leading small catheter, L =4.0m, the circumferential spacing is 400mm, the longitudinal spacing is 2.5m, and the horizontal inclination angle is 10 ° to 25 °.
Further, in the 1) advance support in step S700, a small advance guide tube is a42 × 4mm, L =4.0m, the circumferential distance is 0.4mm, a ring is arranged at the longitudinal distance of 2.5m, and the horizontal inclination angle is 10-25 °.
Further, in the step S700, the specific steps of 3) installing the section steel arch are as follows: A. accurately measuring the position of the profile steel frame, and accurately marking the positions of control points such as a vault and the like by using red paint; B. positioning the steel frame of the section steel: erecting a steel frame along the pre-marked point pair, and setting a cushion block if a larger gap exists between the steel frame and the primary spraying layer; C. installing longitudinal connecting ribs: the steel frames are longitudinally connected by the thread steel bars so as to enhance the overall stability of the steel frames; c22 longitudinal connecting ribs are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the arch center, the circumferential distance is 1000mm, the quincunx arrangement is adopted, the longitudinal lap joint length is not less than 10d, d is the diameter of a steel bar, and the thickness of a welding line is not less than 8mm, and the steel arch center is firmly welded with the quincunx arrangement; D. paving and hanging steel bar meshes: paving a steel bar mesh between the surrounding rock and the arch center, wherein the steel bar mesh is made of A8 wire rods, and the surface of the steel bar should not be provided with cracks, oil stains, granular or flaky rust; the space between the grids is 150 multiplied by 150mm, spot welding is adopted, the lapping length of the reinforcing mesh is not less than 200mm, and spot welding between the mesh and the section steel is firm.
Further, in step S800, the vertical connecting ribs are arranged at a distance of 1.0m, and are staggered inside and outside.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the subway station arch buckling construction method, a prediction process of advanced geological prediction is adopted, so that dangerous accidents are greatly reduced;
according to the subway station arch buckling construction method, after the two side guide holes and the middle guide hole are communicated, side pile construction is carried out in the two side guide holes, and middle column construction is carried out in the middle guide hole, so that a foundation is laid for stable arch buckling construction;
in the subway station arch buckling construction method, the working procedures of arch buckling excavation and supporting are improved, the firmness of the subway station arch buckling is greatly improved, and the dangers of underground excavation collapse, mud burst and water burst, underground pipeline damage, settlement and cracking of surrounding buildings (structures), and road settlement or collapse are avoided.
Drawings
The invention is further described with the aid of the accompanying drawings, in which the embodiments do not constitute any limitation, and for a person skilled in the art, without inventive effort, further drawings may be obtained from the following figures:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a pilot tunnel in the construction of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the present invention after the construction of the piles and side piles is completed;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the two-lined arch of the present invention after completion of construction.
In the figure: 1. an arch leading small duct; 2. side pilot tunnel; 3. a middle pilot hole; 4. side piling; 5. a center pillar; 6. a middle arch; 7. an edge arch; 8. two lining middle arches; 9. two lining side arches.
Detailed Description
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solution of the present invention, the following detailed description of the present invention is provided with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and it is to be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present application can be combined with each other without conflict.
In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "center", "longitudinal", "lateral", "length", "width", "thickness", "upper surface", "lower surface", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", "forward", "reverse", "axial", "radial", "circumferential", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are used merely for convenience of description and for simplicity of description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be considered as limiting the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1, a construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of a subway station comprises the following steps:
s100, advance geological forecast: before construction, advance prediction analysis is carried out on geology for knowing the condition of a stratum to be excavated in advance so as to adjust the excavation method and the support type;
the method specifically comprises the following prediction contents:
s101, geological sketch: and carrying out geological record on the whole section of the pilot tunnel, and forming a tunnel face sketch map and a tunnel body geological display map. Recording the stratum lithology, the weathering degree, the surrounding rock integrity, the surrounding rock structure, the structure and the underground water condition revealed by the working face, wherein the detection range is the working face;
s102, ground geological radar: exploring cavities and incompact conditions in the stratum of the shallow earth surface, wherein the exploration range is within 5m below the earth surface; when the monitoring data show that the surface subsidence reaches an alarm value, a ground radar method is adopted, a survey line is arranged on the center line of the rock tunnel, the exploration depth is 0-5 m below the surface, and the method is mainly used for exploring cavities and incompact situations in the stratum within the range of 0-5 m.
S103, geological radar in the tunnel: forecasting the geological condition in front of the face in a short distance, including the integrity of surrounding rocks and the underground water condition, wherein the detection range is 20-30 m in front of the face; s104, deepening a blast hole detection method: and detecting the grade strength, the integrity degree and the water-rich degree of surrounding rocks in front of the face, wherein the detection range is more than 5m in front of the face and is overlapped by 3 m. And (3) carrying out short-distance accurate detection on the whole section of the tunnel by adopting a geological radar, wherein the forecast length is not more than 30m each time, and the two times of lap joint are about 5 m. The measuring lines are arranged in a straight line shape on the palm surface, two measuring lines are arranged on the palm surface with a larger cross section, the length of the measuring lines is determined according to the length of the antenna, and the measuring lines are as long as possible on the limited palm surface. When geological radar detection is carried out in a tunnel, the tunnel face is as flat as possible and free of water, and no metal interference objects exist around a detection area. The method is mainly used for forecasting the integrity condition of surrounding rock in front of the tunnel face, the watering condition, whether a weak interlayer exists or not and the like.
By adopting the procedure of advanced geological prediction, the occurrence of dangerous accidents is greatly reduced and reduced.
S200, constructing a large pipe shed at the arch position of the horsehead door buckle: after the ingate is excavated and the profile is positioned, the arch buckling advanced support large pipe shed is laid along the arch part range, and advanced grouting is carried out to reinforce the stratum after the pipe shed is laid.
The specific operation flow of the large pipe shed at the buckling arch position is as follows: s201, arranging three transverse passages including a transverse passage 1 part, a transverse passage 2 part and a transverse passage 3 part in total in a construction area, after the construction of the three transverse passages is finished, constructing an arch buckling large pipe shed before pilot tunnel excavation or arch buckling excavation, releasing the position of the arch buckling large pipe shed on site by a measuring person, rechecking without limit invasion, and marking by using red paint; s202, manufacturing a steel perforated pipe, welding a wedge plate at the top end of the steel pipe, drilling slurry overflow holes with the diameter of 10-16 mm on the pipe wall, wherein the tail part of the steel pipe is 2m long and is used as a slurry stop section without slurry injection, and the steel perforated pipe is arranged in a quincunx shape with the distance of 15 cm; s203, positioning the drilling machine, correcting the position of the drilling machine according to the measurement sampling point, and fixing the drilling machine; s204, drilling is started, and the position of a large arm of a correction drilling machine is continuously checked in the drilling process so as to ensure that the construction error of the pipe shed is within a designed allowable range; s205, finishing drilling after reaching the designed depth, and repeatedly cleaning holes of the pipe shed steel pipe from inside to outside by using a drill rod matched with the high-pressure air pipe until the drilling slag in the pipe shed steel pipe is completely removed; s206, installing a pipe shed steel pipe, jacking the pipe shed steel pipe by a drilling machine, and tightly blocking a gap between the steel pipe and a hole wall by using quick setting cement or other materials after jacking the pipe shed steel pipe in place so as to prevent slurry from overflowing; and S207, grouting in the hole after the perforated steel perforated pipe is installed. The pipe shed main material is A159mm hot-rolled seamless steel pipe, the wall thickness t =12mm, and the circumferential distance is 400 mm; the height of the pipe shed is 300mm from the initial support of the buckling arch, the angle of the pipe shed is 0-2 degrees, and the lapping length of the pipe shed is 3 m.
In the pipe shed drilling track control, once the pipe shed steel pipe drilling hole is inclined or exceeds the design tolerance, the drilling of the adjacent steel pipe is hindered, and the results of uneven hole body shape, poor supporting effect and the like are caused; if the steel pipe sinks to a certain degree, the steel pipe still needs to be cut off during excavation, so that the interval is increased, and collapse is easy to occur. Therefore, medium-pressure feeding and medium-speed drilling can be adopted during drilling; the error of the drilling plane is controlled within 20cm in the radial direction, and the angle error is less than 1 degree, so that the pipe shed steel pipe is prevented from deflecting and bending downwards due to overlarge aperture. In actual construction, horizontal drilling bending is generally difficult to avoid, so besides improving the positioning precision of the pipe shed, a proper uplifting amount (determined according to field geological conditions) can be given to compensate the sag of partial drilling.
Construction attention items: firstly, the drilling machine is parallel to the measured hole site direction, the position of the drilling machine must be accurately determined, the pipe shed cannot invade into the arch buckling excavation line, and adjacent steel pipes cannot collide and cross. Secondly, the rock quality is better, and the tube shed can be formed by one-time hole formation. When drilling, the drill jamming phenomenon occurs, and the drilling is carried out after the grouting is supplemented. And thirdly, drilling from a high hole position to a low hole position by the drilling machine. Fourthly, when the drilling machine drills, the drilling speed and the wind pressure can be gradually adjusted according to the geological condition after the hole is formed for 10m at a low speed and under a low pressure. And fifthly, the position of the drilling machine is measured frequently in the drilling process, the hole forming quality is judged according to the drilling state of the drilling machine, and accidents occurring in the drilling process are processed in time. And sixthly, repeatedly cleaning drilling slag from the bottom of the hole to the orifice by using high-pressure air to prevent the hole from being blocked. Seventhly, connecting the steel pipes of the pipe shed to meet the stress requirement, connecting the sections of the steel pipes through screw threads, turning an inner screw at one end, turning an outer screw at the other end, wherein the thickness of the screw thread is 3mm, and the length of the screw head is 15 cm. During jacking, pipe joints with the lengths of 1.5m and 3m are alternately used to ensure that the number of joints in the same longitudinal section of the buckling arch is not more than 50 percent, and the joints of adjacent steel pipes are staggered by at least 1 m. After the top of the steel pipe shed is in place, the gap between the steel pipe openings is tightly blocked by materials such as quick-setting cement and the like to prevent slurry from flowing out during grouting.
The construction process of performing advanced grouting after the completion of the pipe shed construction is as follows: s, exposing a primary support surface of a buckled arch opening outside a steel tube for pipe shed construction by 50cm, fully welding and plugging the tail part by using a steel plate with the thickness of 5mm, and welding a grouting guide pipe in the middle of the steel plate; s, installing a grout stop valve at the end part of the grouting guide pipe so as to prevent grout from flowing back after grouting is finished; s3, preparing cement slurry: the cement is P.O.42.5 ordinary portland cement, and the cement-water cement ratio is W: C =0.5: 1-1: 1; performing a grouting test before grouting, determining grouting parameters according to the experimental result, and mixing cement slurry by a high-speed pulping machine; s, connecting the grouting pipe to the grouting guide pipe at the tail part of the steel perforated pipe, and starting grouting; injecting the cement paste into the steel perforated pipe by using an extrusion type grouting pump, wherein the initial pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa, the final pressure is 1.5-2.0 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is maintained for 15 min; and S, after grouting is finished, closing the grout stop valve to ensure the plugging quality.
Grouting construction operation requirements and cautions: firstly, various machines and tools are checked and test running is carried out. Secondly, grouting pressure is controlled according to geological conditions and the like in the grouting process, the grouting pressure is generally 0.5-1.0 MPa, the final grouting pressure is 2-3 times of the grouting pressure, the grouting pressure is gradually increased to reach the final pressure, grouting is continued for more than 15min, and the grouting amount is 20-30L/min. And recording is made by a special person in the grouting process, and arch buckling excavation can be performed after the grout reaches the required strength. And thirdly, the grouting pressure is strictly controlled in the grouting process, so that the ground is prevented from rising, and the structure of a ground surface building or a vertical shaft is prevented from being damaged. And grouting from arch springing to arch part one by one in the grouting sequence. And fourthly, firstly pouring the single-hole and then pouring the double-hole during grouting. Observing in the grouting process, if the phenomenon of slurry channeling along the outer wall of the steel pipe is found, stopping grouting temporarily, plugging the space between the outer wall of the steel pipe and the hole wall by using quick-setting cement again, and grouting again after the strength is reached; if the phenomenon of slurry flowing outwards along other steel pipes which are not subjected to slurry injection is found, the slurry injection of the pipe is stopped temporarily, the steel pipes subjected to slurry injection are injected, a slurry injection passage is blocked, the steel pipes which are not subjected to slurry injection are prevented from being blocked by slurry, the slurry injection quality is prevented from being affected, and then the original pipe is continuously injected with slurry to meet the design requirement. Sixthly, in the construction process, in order to prevent the occurrence of slurry crossing during grouting, once a hole is drilled, the steel pipe in the hole is installed immediately and grouting is carried out, and then the construction of the next hole is carried out.
S300, pilot tunnel construction: grouting construction is carried out on arch parts of the side pilot tunnel and the middle pilot tunnel by using the advanced small guide pipe 1, then, step excavation is carried out on two side pilot tunnels 2 and a middle pilot tunnel 3, the pilot tunnels 2 at two sides are excavated firstly, and then the middle pilot tunnel 3 is excavated; excavating two side pilot tunnels 2 by a step method, wherein the pilot tunnel faces of the side pilot tunnels 2 are excavated in a staggered manner in front of and behind, and the staggered distance is not less than 5m, as shown in fig. 2;
s400, constructing a middle pile and a side pile: after the two side pilot tunnels 2 and the middle pilot tunnel 3 are communicated, constructing side piles 4 in the two side pilot tunnels 2 and constructing a middle column 5 in the middle pilot tunnel 3; the construction method of the center pillar 5 is as follows: after the middle pilot tunnel is opened, the hole is manually dug to form a hole in the middle column in the tunnel, the foundation pile reinforcement cage is arranged, the steel pipe column is arranged, the foundation pile concrete of the steel pipe column is positioned and poured, the steel pipe column is temporarily stabilized by filling sand between the edge of the steel pipe column and the wall of the hole, and the steel pipe column concrete is poured, as shown in fig. 3.
S500, grouting for the advanced small guide pipe of the arch part of the ingate: setting a small advanced guide pipe along the arch part, grouting to reinforce the stratum, selecting cement paste or cement-water glass double-liquid slurry for grouting reinforcement according to the stratum condition and requirements, controlling the grouting pressure to be 0.5-1.0 MPa, wherein the small advanced guide pipe adopts an A42 multiplied by 4mm small guide pipe, L =4.0m, the annular spacing is 400mm, the longitudinal spacing is 2.5m, and the horizontal inclination angle is 10-25 degrees;
s600, breaking the arch of the button door with the horsehead: and (3) mechanically breaking the concrete on the side wall at the ingate of the upper step along the contour line of the arch part, and cutting off the steel frame and the connecting ribs on the side wall of the transverse channel within the breaking range. Before buckling the arch steelframe and connecting, measure the accurate position of locating the pre-buried steel sheet of pilot tunnel, control the steelframe and connect in same section well, the installation is buckled bow horse head door department shaped steel steelframe, and buckles arch shaped steel bow and for the connecting plate enhancement connection with the lateral wall steelframe.
S700, buckling arch excavation and supporting, and the method specifically comprises the following steps:
1) advance support: and buckling arches between pilot tunnels and excavating along with earth and stone at the arch crown of the station in time. In order to prevent collapse during arch buckling, the stratum of the front arch part is subjected to advanced reinforcement before the arch buckling, advanced support and reinforcement are carried out by adopting an advanced large pipe shed and an advanced small guide pipe, the advanced small guide pipe is A42 multiplied by 4mm, L =4.0m, the annular spacing is 0.4mm, the longitudinal spacing is 2.5m, a ring is arranged, the horizontal inclination angle is 10-25 degrees, grouting slurry is selected by grouting materials according to stratum changes, and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa;
2) excavating earth and stone: the earth and rock excavation is mainly carried out by blasting construction, the muck is transported to the portal of a transverse channel by an agricultural vehicle, poured into a muck bucket at the bottom of a vertical shaft, lifted to the ground by a bridge crane, poured into a muck field and transported outside at night, and when the muck is exposed to tight and hard surrounding rocks such as slightly weathered conglomerates, gravels containing gravels and the like, small machines such as a blasting mode, an air pick and the like are adopted to cooperate with excavation so as to accelerate the construction progress;
3) installation of the profile steel arch frame: the buckling arch support adopts a section steel arch frame, a longitudinal connecting rib, a reinforcing mesh and a C25P6 sprayed concrete support system. The installation of the profile steel arch comprises the following specific steps: A. accurately measuring the position of the profile steel frame, and accurately marking the positions of control points such as a vault and the like by using red paint; B. positioning the steel frame of the section steel: erecting a steel frame along the pre-marked point pair, and setting a cushion block if a larger gap exists between the steel frame and the primary spraying layer; C. installing longitudinal connecting ribs: the steel frames are longitudinally connected by the thread steel bars so as to enhance the overall stability of the steel frames; c22 longitudinal connecting ribs are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the arch center, the circumferential distance is 1000mm, the quincunx arrangement is adopted, the longitudinal lap joint length is not less than 10d, d is the diameter of a steel bar, and the thickness of a welding line is not less than 8mm, and the steel arch center is firmly welded with the quincunx arrangement; D. paving and hanging steel bar meshes: paving a steel bar mesh between the surrounding rock and the arch center, wherein the steel bar mesh is made of A8 wire rods, and the surface of the steel bar should not be provided with cracks, oil stains, granular or flaky rust; the space between the grids is 150 multiplied by 150mm, spot welding is adopted, the lapping length of the reinforcing mesh is not less than 200mm, and spot welding between the net sheets and the section steel is firm;
4) spraying concrete: in order to ensure the construction safety, the section steel arch centering is inspected to be qualified and then is sprayed with concrete in time, a wet spraying or dry spraying technology is adopted, the concrete is sprayed with C25P6, the spraying thickness is 350mm, layered spraying is adopted during spraying, when the arch crown collapses in the excavation process, a layer of concrete is sprayed firstly, and then the section steel arch centering is installed. When the concrete is sprayed, the spraying leakage and the virtual spraying cannot occur, the sprayed concrete is compact and has a flat surface, and a cavity is prevented from occurring at the back of the arch crown;
5) backfilling and grouting: a triangular area formed by the arch crown between the buckling arch and the pilot tunnel is a key concern area, after primary support construction is completed, backfill grouting reinforcement of the triangular area is strengthened, and grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 MPa.
6) And (3) constructing a secondary lining buckle arch: after the middle arch 6 and the side arch 7 are initially penetrated, the side walls of the side pilot tunnel 2 and the middle pilot tunnel 3 are cut off in sections, the length of each section is 4-6 m, a waterproof layer is laid, two lining buckle arch steel bars are bound, a second lining middle arch 8 and a second lining side arch 9 are poured in a retreating mode, a backfill grouting pipe is reserved, and backfill grouting is carried out after the second lining buckle arch backs are subsequently carried out. As shown in fig. 4.
S800, construction of a plug wall: the buckling construction end wall adopts a plugging measure of a profile steel arch frame, a horizontal profile steel support, a vertical connecting rib, a self-feeding hollow anchor rod and sprayed concrete, and the horizontal profile steel support of the end wall is connected with a guide hole grid steel frame through a connecting steel plate. The vertical connecting ribs are arranged at intervals of 1.0m and are arranged in a staggered mode on the inner side and the outer side.
The application of the invention is as follows: the invention is applied to Guangzhou subway line No. 11. One subway station is positioned under the BRT of the Huajing New City on the Zhongshan Dadao, is laid along the Zhongshan Dao and has the east-west trend, and the central mileage of the effective platform is YCK7+ 636.0. The station is a full-underground-excavation island type station, the construction is carried out by adopting a hole-pile method, the total length of the station is 283m, and the width of a standard section is 22.6 m. The station sets up 5 interim construction vertical shafts, 2 pavilions, 4 access & exit and 1 passageway of crossing the street. The main structure of the underground excavation is two-span buckling arch, the width is 6.7m, the height is 5.75m, the primary support adopts an advanced support system of A159 large pipe shed and advanced small pipe, and the combined support of section steel arch frame, reinforcing mesh and sprayed concrete is adopted.
Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method for excavation and support of a subway station buckling arch is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s100, advanced geological prediction: before construction, carrying out advanced prediction analysis on surrounding geologies;
s200, constructing a large pipe shed at the arch position of the horsehead door buckle: after the excavation profile of the ingate is positioned, buckling an arch and arranging a large advanced supporting pipe shed along the arch part range, and performing advanced grouting to reinforce the stratum after the pipe shed is arranged;
s300, pilot tunnel construction: firstly, grouting construction is carried out on the arch part leading small guide pipes of the side pilot tunnels and the middle pilot tunnel, then, excavating is carried out on two side pilot tunnels and a middle pilot tunnel by a step method, firstly, excavating the pilot tunnels on two sides, and then excavating the middle pilot tunnel; excavating two side pilot tunnels by a step method, wherein the front and back of the tunnel faces of the pilot tunnels are excavated in a staggered manner, and the staggered distance is not less than 5 m;
s400, constructing a middle pile and a side pile: after the two side pilot tunnels are communicated with the middle pilot tunnel, side pile construction is carried out in the two side pilot tunnels, and middle column construction is carried out in the middle pilot tunnel;
s500, grouting for the advanced small guide pipe of the arch part of the ingate: arranging a small advanced guide pipe along the arch part, grouting to reinforce the stratum, and selecting cement paste or cement-water glass double-liquid slurry for grouting reinforcement according to the stratum condition and requirements, wherein the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa;
s600, breaking the arch of the button door with the horsehead: mechanically breaking the side wall concrete at the ingate of the upper step along the contour line of the arch part, and cutting a side wall steel frame and a connecting rib of the transverse channel within the breaking range; before the buckling arch steel frames are connected, the accurate positions of the guide hole embedded steel plates are measured and positioned, the steel frames are controlled to be connected in the same section, the section steel frame at the buckling arch ingate is installed, and the buckling arch steel arch is connected with the side wall steel frame in a reinforced mode through the connecting plate;
s700, buckling arch excavation and supporting, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) advance support: buckling arches among pilot tunnels and excavating earth and stone along with the arch crown of the station in time; in order to prevent collapse during arch buckling, the stratum of the front arch part is subjected to advanced reinforcement before arch buckling, advanced support and reinforcement are carried out by adopting an advanced large pipe shed and an advanced small pipe, grouting materials select grouting slurry according to stratum changes, and the grouting pressure is controlled to be 0.5-1.0 MPa; 2) excavating earth and stone: the earth and rock excavation is mainly carried out by blasting construction, the muck is transported to the portal of a transverse channel by an agricultural vehicle, poured into a muck bucket at the bottom of a vertical shaft, lifted to the ground by a bridge crane, poured into a muck field and transported outside at night, and when slightly weathered conglomerates and gravelly-contained coarse sandstones are encountered, the excavation is carried out by matching small pneumatic pick machines in a blasting mode; 3) installation of the profile steel arch frame: the buckling arch support adopts a section steel arch frame, a longitudinal connecting rib, a steel bar net and a C25P6 sprayed concrete support system; 4) spraying concrete: the steel arch centering of the shape should spray the concrete in time after passing the test, adopt the wet spray or dry spray technology, the concrete adopts C25P6 to spray the concrete, spray the thickness to be 350mm, spray and adopt the layering to spray while spraying, when the excavation process, the dome has the sign of collapsing, should spray a layer of concrete first, then mount the steel arch centering of the shape; when the concrete is sprayed, the spraying leakage and the virtual spraying cannot occur, the sprayed concrete is compact and has a flat surface, and a cavity is prevented from occurring at the back of the arch crown; 5) backfilling and grouting: a triangular area formed by the arch crown between the buckling arch and the pilot tunnel is a key concern area, after the primary support construction is finished, the triangular area is reinforced to backfill, inject and reinforce, and the injecting pressure is controlled to be 0.3-0.5 MPa; 6) and (3) two-lining arch construction: after the middle arch and the side arch are primarily supported and communicated, sectioning the side walls of the side guide holes and the middle guide hole, wherein the length of the subsection is 4-6 m, paving a waterproof layer, binding reinforcing steel bars of the two lining arch buckles, pouring the two lining middle arches and the two lining side arches backwards, reserving a backfill grouting pipe, and performing backfill grouting after the two lining arch backs are sequentially supported and penetrated;
s800, construction of a plug wall: the buckling construction end wall adopts a plugging measure combining a profile steel arch frame, a horizontal profile steel support, a vertical connecting rib, a self-feeding hollow anchor rod and sprayed concrete, and the horizontal profile steel support of the end wall is connected with a guide tunnel grid steel frame through a connecting steel plate.
2. The subway station arch buckling, excavating and supporting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step S100, the following contents are specifically included: s101, geological sketch: recording the stratum lithology, the weathering degree, the surrounding rock integrity, the surrounding rock structure, the structure and the underground water condition revealed by the working face, wherein the detection range is the working face; s102, ground geological radar: exploring cavities and incompact conditions in the stratum of the shallow earth surface, wherein the exploration range is within 5m below the earth surface; s103, geological radar in the tunnel: forecasting the geological condition in front of the face in a short distance, including the integrity of surrounding rocks and the underground water condition, wherein the detection range is 20-30 m in front of the face; s104, deepening a blast hole detection method: and detecting the grade strength of surrounding rocks in front of the tunnel face, the integrity degree of rock bodies and the water-rich degree, wherein the detection range is more than 5m in front of the tunnel face and is overlapped by 3 m.
3. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S200, the pipe shed main material is A159mm hot-rolled seamless steel pipe, the wall thickness t =12mm, and the circumferential distance is 400 mm; the height of the pipe shed is 300mm from the initial support of the buckling arch, the angle of the pipe shed is 0-2 degrees, and the lapping length of the pipe shed is 3 m.
4. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 3, wherein: in the step S200, the specific operation flow of the large pipe shed at the arch buckling position is as follows: s201, arranging three transverse passages in total, namely a transverse passage 1 part, a transverse passage 2 part and a transverse passage 3 part, after the construction of the three transverse passages is finished, constructing an arch buckling large pipe shed before pilot tunnel excavation or arch buckling excavation, releasing the position of the arch buckling large pipe shed on site by a measurer, rechecking without limit invasion, and marking by using red paint; s202, manufacturing a steel perforated pipe, welding a wedge plate at the top end of the steel pipe, drilling slurry overflow holes with the diameter of 10-16 mm on the pipe wall, wherein the tail part of the steel pipe is 2m long and is used as a slurry stop section without slurry injection, and the steel perforated pipe is arranged in a quincunx shape with the distance of 15 cm; s203, positioning the drilling machine, correcting the position of the drilling machine according to the measurement sampling point, and fixing the drilling machine; s204, drilling is started, and the position of a large arm of a correction drilling machine is continuously checked in the drilling process so as to ensure that the construction error of the pipe shed is within a designed allowable range; s205, finishing drilling after reaching the designed depth, and repeatedly cleaning the holes of the pipe shed steel pipe from inside to outside by using a drill rod matched with a high-pressure air pipe until the drilling slag in the pipe shed steel pipe is completely removed; s206, installing a pipe shed steel pipe, jacking the pipe shed steel pipe by a drilling machine, and tightly blocking a gap between the steel pipe and a hole wall by using quick setting cement or other materials after jacking the pipe shed steel pipe in place so as to prevent slurry from overflowing; and S207, grouting in the hole after the perforated steel perforated pipe is installed.
5. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 4, wherein: in the step S200, the construction process of performing advanced grouting after the pipe roof is constructed is as follows: s, exposing a primary support surface of a buckled arch opening outside a steel tube for pipe shed construction by 50cm, fully welding and plugging the tail part by using a steel plate with the thickness of 5mm, and welding a grouting guide pipe in the middle of the steel plate; s, installing a grout stop valve at the end part of the grouting guide pipe so as to prevent grout from flowing back after grouting is finished; s3, preparing cement slurry: the cement is P.O.42.5 ordinary portland cement, and the cement-water cement ratio is W: C =0.5: 1-1: 1; performing a grouting test before grouting, determining grouting parameters according to the experimental result, and mixing cement slurry by a high-speed pulping machine; s, connecting the grouting pipe to the grouting guide pipe at the tail part of the steel perforated pipe, and starting grouting; injecting the cement paste into the steel perforated pipe by using an extrusion type grouting pump, wherein the initial pressure is 0.5-1.0 MPa, the final pressure is 1.5-2.0 MPa, and the grouting is stopped after the pressure is maintained for 15 min; and S, after grouting is finished, closing the grout stop valve to ensure the plugging quality.
6. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 1, wherein: in step S400, the method for constructing the center pillar includes: after the middle pilot tunnel is communicated, manual hole digging and pore forming are carried out on the middle column in the tunnel, a foundation pile reinforcement cage is arranged, the steel pipe column is arranged, the foundation pile concrete of the steel pipe column is positioned and poured, sand is filled between the edge of the steel pipe column and the wall of the hole to temporarily stabilize the steel pipe column, and the steel pipe column concrete is poured.
7. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S500, the advanced small catheter adopts an a42 × 4mm small catheter, L =4.0m, the circumferential distance is 400mm, the longitudinal distance is 2.5m, and the horizontal inclination angle is 10 ° to 25 °.
8. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 1, wherein: in the 1) advance support in the step S700, the advanced small guide tube is a42 × 4mm, L =4.0m, the circumferential distance is 0.4mm, a ring is arranged at the longitudinal distance of 2.5m, and the horizontal inclination angle is 10-25 °.
9. The construction method for buckling arch excavation and supporting of the subway station according to claim 8, wherein: in step S700, 3) the installation of the section steel arch specifically includes the following steps: A. accurately measuring the position of the profile steel frame, and accurately marking the position of a control point of the vault by using red paint; B. positioning a section steel frame: erecting a steel frame along the pre-marked point pair, and setting a cushion block if a larger gap exists between the steel frame and the primary spraying layer; C. installing longitudinal connecting ribs: the steel frames are longitudinally connected by the thread steel bars so as to enhance the overall stability of the steel frames; c22 longitudinal connecting ribs are arranged on the inner side and the outer side of the arch center, the circumferential distance is 1000mm, the quincunx arrangement is adopted, the longitudinal lap joint length is not less than 10d, d is the diameter of a steel bar, and the thickness of a welding line is not less than 8mm, and the steel arch center is firmly welded with the quincunx arrangement; D. paving and hanging steel bar meshes: paving a steel bar mesh between the surrounding rock and the arch center, wherein the steel bar mesh is made of A8 wire rods, and the surface of the steel bar should not be cracked, greasy dirt, granular or flaky rust; the space between the grids is 150mm multiplied by 150mm, spot welding is adopted, the lapping length of the reinforcing mesh is not less than 200mm, and spot welding between the mesh sheets and the section steel is firm.
10. The subway station arch buckling, excavating and supporting construction method according to claim 1, characterized in that: in step S800, the vertical connecting ribs are arranged at a distance of 1.0m and are staggered inside and outside.
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| CN108005664A (en) * | 2018-02-02 | 2018-05-08 | 北京市政建设集团有限责任公司 | A kind of hole pile construction method of platform structure |
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