CN113306537B - Motor-driven air pressure regulating valve and regulating and controlling method thereof - Google Patents
Motor-driven air pressure regulating valve and regulating and controlling method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113306537B CN113306537B CN202110777041.1A CN202110777041A CN113306537B CN 113306537 B CN113306537 B CN 113306537B CN 202110777041 A CN202110777041 A CN 202110777041A CN 113306537 B CN113306537 B CN 113306537B
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- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 54
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 title abstract description 6
- 239000010985 leather Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 73
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000011946 reduction process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006837 decompression Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 3
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
- B60T13/683—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves in pneumatic systems or parts thereof
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/74—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with electrical assistance or drive
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T8/00—Arrangements for adjusting wheel-braking force to meet varying vehicular or ground-surface conditions, e.g. limiting or varying distribution of braking force
- B60T8/17—Using electrical or electronic regulation means to control braking
- B60T8/176—Brake regulation specially adapted to prevent excessive wheel slip during vehicle deceleration, e.g. ABS
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- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanically-Actuated Valves (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve and a regulating and controlling method thereof. The air pressure regulating valve comprises a motor, a valve cover, a valve body, a ball screw nut, a sleeve, a positioning ring, a leather tile, a regulating spring, a push rod, a third clamping ring, a piston and a return spring; the valve cover is arranged on the top of the valve body in an airtight manner; the motor is arranged at the top end of the valve cover, and a power output shaft of the motor is vertically inserted into the valve cover and is fixedly connected with a ball screw arranged in the valve cover along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover; the lower end surface of the ball screw nut and the upper end surface of the sleeve are provided with cam structures which are matched with each other; the ball screw nut is sleeved on the ball screw through a threaded ball; the leather tile, the adjusting spring and the ejector rod are sequentially arranged below the sleeve from top to bottom; the piston is arranged on the exhaust port through a return spring and is in airtight fit with the lower end face of the third snap ring under the elastic action of the return spring; the cylinder part of the ejector rod passes through the third snap ring and is in airtight fit with the piston under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of vehicle brake air pressure regulating valves, and particularly relates to a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve and a regulating and controlling method thereof.
Background
The electric control type air pressure regulating valve is a key part in a wire control brake system of a commercial vehicle, and can change the pressure of a brake chamber by inputting different electric signals so as to achieve the aim of regulating the brake strength; further, the anti-lock brake function can be realized by adjusting the quick inflation and deflation of the brake. The function is important for the handling performance and the driving safety of the vehicle under the emergency braking working condition, and the function is to automatically control the braking force when the vehicle is braked emergently so as to enable the wheels to be in a rolling and sliding state and ensure that the adhesive force between the wheels and the ground is at the maximum. In the prior vehicles such as large buses, trucks and the like adopting air braking, an air pressure regulating valve is usually controlled by a high-speed switch electromagnetic valve, namely, an electric signal generated by an ECU (electronic control unit) controls the opening and closing of the electromagnetic valve, when a ventilation electromagnetic valve is opened, air enters a relay cavity to push a relay piston to enable a brake air chamber to be communicated with a high-pressure air storage tank, and high-pressure air enters the brake air chamber to realize braking; when the exhaust electromagnetic valve is opened, gas is exhausted into the atmosphere from the relay cavity, the relay piston returns to the original position under the action of spring force, the brake air chamber is disconnected from the high-pressure gas storage tank and communicated with the atmosphere, and high-pressure gas is exhausted from the brake air chamber to release braking; meanwhile, the ECU calculates the slip rate of the wheels through input signals of the wheel speed sensors and the like and judges whether the wheels are in a locking state, when a certain wheel has a locking trend, the ECU adjusts the braking force of the corresponding wheel in real time according to the input signals of the wheel speed sensors and the like, the slip rate is controlled within a certain range, the wheels are prevented from being locked, and the vehicle braking performance is improved. The application of the high-speed switch valve has the defect that the switch can generate certain pressure impact at the moment of switching, so that certain influence is caused on the braking stability.
At present, researches on high-performance motors and control methods thereof are increasing day by day, and high-precision and quick-response motors are applied to commercial vehicle line control systems more and more. The motor drive is used in the wire control air pressure braking system, so that the development trend of the vehicle industry is met, the pressure fluctuation caused when the brake pressure is controlled by changing the switch state compared with a high-speed switch electromagnetic valve is compared, and the pressure continuously changes when the motor drive type air pressure regulating valve is used for controlling, so that the braking is more stable, and the braking performance is favorably improved.
The existing motor-driven air pressure regulating valve directly uses a motor to replace a pilot air path to push a relay piston to move so as to achieve the purpose of on-off, when anti-lock braking is carried out, the motor is required to repeatedly overcome self inertia for multiple times of positive and negative rotation in a short time, the extreme requirement is provided for the quick response performance of the motor, more heat is accumulated in the process, the service life of the motor is shortened, and the reliability of a braking system is reduced. Therefore, it is necessary to provide a novel motor-driven air pressure regulating valve to achieve the purpose that the motor rotates in one direction to generate an anti-lock braking effect and improve the reliability of a braking system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the technical problems, the invention aims to provide a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve and a regulating and controlling method thereof, which realize the purposes of regulating the braking pressure and generating the anti-lock braking effect by the unidirectional rotation of a motor in the anti-lock braking process through the matching of a cam structure, and overcome the defects that the existing motor-driven air pressure regulating valve needs to repeat positive and negative rotation in the anti-lock braking process, the service life of the motor is shortened, and the reliability of a braking system is reduced; in the conventional braking process, compared with the high-speed switch electromagnetic valve, the pressure fluctuation can be caused when the braking pressure is regulated and controlled by changing the switch state, the pressure change of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve is more stable in control, and the braking performance is more favorably improved.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme:
a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve comprises a motor 1, a valve cover 2, a valve body 3, a ball screw 7, a ball screw nut 8, a sleeve 9, a positioning ring 10, a leather tile 13, a regulating spring 14, an ejector rod 15, a third clamping ring 18, a piston 19 and a return spring 20.
The valve cover 2 is hermetically arranged at the top of the valve body 3; the motor 1 is installed at the top end of the valve cover 2, and a power output shaft of the motor 1 is vertically inserted into the valve cover 2 and fixedly connected with a ball screw 7 arranged in the valve cover 2 along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover 2.
The lower end surface of the ball screw nut 8 and the upper end surface of the sleeve 9 are provided with cam structures which are matched with each other; the ball screw nut 8 is sleeved on the ball screw 7 through a threaded ball.
The middle part of the positioning ring 10 is provided with a unthreaded hole for accommodating the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9, the side wall of the unthreaded hole is provided with a sliding groove parallel to the longitudinal axis of the valve cover 2, and the outer surface of the sleeve 9 is provided with a sliding block capable of moving in the sliding groove, so that the sleeve 9 can only move up and down in the unthreaded hole of the positioning ring 10 along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover 2; the positioning ring 10 is fixed to the inner wall of the bonnet 2.
The leather tile 13, the adjusting spring 14 and the ejector rod 15 are sequentially arranged below the sleeve 9 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the leather tile 13 is contacted with the lower end surface of the sleeve 9, and the edge of the leather tile 13 is slidably contacted with the inner wall of the valve cover 2; the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting spring 14 are fixedly connected with the lower end face of the leather tile 13 and the upper end face of the ejector rod 15 respectively; the ejector pin 15 includes a disk portion and a cylinder portion, and the edge of the disk portion is in slidable airtight contact with the inner wall of the valve cover 2.
The side wall of the valve body 3 is respectively provided with an air inlet 4 and one or two air outlets 5, and the bottom of the valve body is provided with an air outlet 6; the air inlet 4 is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank; the air outlet 5 is connected with a brake air chamber, and the air outlet 6 is connected with the atmosphere.
A partition wall 21 is arranged in the cavity of the valve body 3, and the partition wall 21 is positioned between the air outlet 5 and the air inlet 4; the third snap ring 18 is fixedly connected to the partition wall 21 and positioned above the air inlet 4; the piston 19 is arranged on the exhaust port 6 through a return spring 20, and is in airtight fit with the lower end face of the third snap ring 18 under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 20, so that the air inlet 4 is closed; the cylinder part of the ejector rod 15 penetrates through the third snap ring 18 and is in airtight fit with the piston 19 under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring 14, so that the exhaust port 6 is closed, the air pressure adjusting valve is in the pressure maintaining braking process, and the air inlet 4, the air outlet 5 and the exhaust port 6 are not communicated.
And a valve body sealing ring 17 is arranged at the joint of the valve cover 2 and the valve body 3.
And an adjusting sealing ring 16 is arranged at the contact part of the edge of the disk part of the ejector rod 15 and the inner wall of the valve cover 2.
The positioning ring 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the bonnet 2 by a first snap ring 11 and a second snap ring 12.
When the valve body 3 is provided with an air outlet 5, the air outlet 5 is connected with a brake air chamber of a front wheel or a rear wheel through an air pipe; when the valve body 3 is provided with two air outlets 5, the two air outlets 5 are respectively connected with the brake chambers of two front wheels or the brake chambers of two rear wheels through air pipes.
The motor 1 rotates anticlockwise, the ball screw 7 rotates along with the motor 1 to drive the ball screw nut 8 to move, the ball screw nut 8 is matched with the sleeve 9 through a cam, and the sleeve 9 pushes the leather tile 13 to move downwards; when the leather tile 13 is acted by the sleeve 9, the leather tile 13, the adjusting spring 14 and the ejector rod 15 synchronously slide on the inner wall of the valve cover 2; the ejector rod 15 pushes the piston 19 to move downwards, in the process, the ejector rod 15 and the piston 19 are still in airtight fit, and the exhaust port 6 is kept in a closed state; the piston 19 is separated from the third snap ring 18 so that a passage is formed between the air inlet 4 and the air outlet 5, and the air pressure regulating valve is in the boosting braking process.
The motor 1 rotates clockwise, the ball screw 7 rotates along with the motor 1, the ball screw nut 8 moves upwards, and the leather tile 13 loses the acting force of the sleeve 9; the ejector rod 15 moves upwards under the action of gas pressure, the piston 19 is in airtight fit with the third clamping ring 18 under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 20, and the gas inlet 4 is closed; the ram 15 continues to move upward and is separated from the piston 19, so that a passage is formed between the exhaust port 6 and the air outlet 5, and the air pressure regulating valve is in the process of reducing pressure.
A control method of a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve comprises a pressurization braking process, a pressure maintaining braking process, a pressure reducing process and an anti-lock braking process;
s1, boosting braking process
When a driver steps on a brake pedal, booster braking is carried out, in the booster braking process, a vehicle controller controls a motor 1 to rotate anticlockwise to drive a ball screw 7 to rotate, the rotation is converted into downward linear motion of the ball screw nut 8 through the matching of the ball screw 7 and a threaded ball of the ball screw nut 8, a sleeve 9 is pushed to move downwards, the sleeve 9 pushes a leather tile 13 to move downwards, an adjusting spring 14 is compressed, a push rod 15 pushes a piston 19 under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring 14, an exhaust port 6 is closed, an air inlet 4 is opened, and a brake air passage is formed by the air inlet 4 and an air outlet 5, so that the booster braking of the vehicle is realized;
s2 pressure maintaining braking process
When a driver steps on a brake pedal and keeps the brake pedal at a certain position, pressure maintaining braking is carried out, after the vehicle is subjected to vehicle pressure boosting braking in the pressure boosting braking process, in the pressure maintaining braking process, a vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, the ball screw 7 rotates along with the motor 1, the ball screw nut 8 moves linearly upwards, under the action of the return spring 20, the piston 19 moves upwards, the ejector rod 15, the adjusting spring 14, the leather shoe 13 and the sleeve 9 move upwards under the action of the piston 19 until the motor 1 stops rotating when the air inlet 4 is closed, at the moment, the exhaust port 6 is also in a closed state, at the moment, the brake air chamber is not connected with the outside, the pressure is stable, and the vehicle is stably braked;
s3, decompression process
After the vehicle is braked through a pressurization braking process or a pressure maintaining braking process, a driver looses a brake pedal, reduces brake pressure in a pressure reducing process and relieves braking, in the pressure reducing process, a vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, the ball screw nut 8 moves upwards, the ejector rod 15 moves upwards under the action of gas pressure, the exhaust port 6 is opened, the ejector rod 15 pushes the adjusting spring 14, the leather shoe 13 and the sleeve 9 to move upwards to restore to an initial position, the gas outlet 5 and the exhaust port 6 form a pressure relief passage, and brake gas is exhausted to the atmosphere from a brake chamber to realize pressure reduction;
s4 anti-lock braking process
When the wheel speed is larger than a set range and the brake pedal is stepped down, the vehicle controller firstly controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, the ball screw 7 drives the ball screw nut 8 to move upwards, until the ball screw 7 and the ball screw nut 8 are matched to reach the tail end of a thread, relative movement cannot occur; then the vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to continue to rotate clockwise, the ball screw nut 8 rotates along with the ball screw 7, the cam structure on the lower end face of the ball screw nut 8 pushes the cam structure on the lower end face of the sleeve 9, so that the sleeve 9 has a tendency of rotating, but the sleeve 9 can only move downwards due to the limitation of the horizontal sliding groove of the positioning ring 10, the axial distance between the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9 is gradually increased, and the motor 1 stops rotating until the axial distance between the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9 is about to reach the maximum value; in the process, the sleeve 9 pushes the leather tile 13 to compress the adjusting spring 14 downwards, the ejector rod 15 pushes the piston 19 under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring 14, the exhaust port 6 is closed, the air inlet 4 is opened, the air inlet 4 and the air outlet 5 form a braking passage, high-pressure braking gas enters the braking air chamber, the braking pressure is increased, and the wheel speed is reduced; when the wheel speed of the wheel is reduced to be below a set range, the wheel is close to a pure sliding state, the vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, the ball screw 7 and the ball screw nut 8 are matched to reach the tail end of a thread and cannot move relatively, the ball screw nut 8 rotates along with the ball screw 7, under the matching of the cam structures of the ball screw nut and the ball screw nut, the ball screw nut 8 continues to push the sleeve 9 to move downwards for a short distance, then the ball screw nut 8 and the cam structure of the sleeve 9 cross the position with the maximum axial distance and have the trend of reducing the axial distance, the brake gas in the valve body cavity pushes the ejector rod 15, the adjusting spring 14 and the leather shoe 13 to enable the sleeve 9 to move upwards, the curved surface of the cam structure at the end surface of the sleeve 9 is completely overlapped with the curved surface of the cam structure at the end surface of the ball screw nut 8, and the piston 19 closes the air inlet 4 under the action of the return spring 20 in the process, meanwhile, the sleeve 9 opens the exhaust port 6, the brake air chamber and the atmosphere form a passage, the brake pressure is reduced, and the wheel speed is increased.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the invention realizes the purpose that the braking pressure can be adjusted by the unidirectional rotation of the motor in the anti-lock braking process and the anti-lock braking effect is generated by the cooperation of the cam structures, and overcomes the defects that the conventional motor-driven air pressure regulating valve needs to repeatedly rotate forwards and backwards in the anti-lock braking process, the service life of the motor is shortened, and the reliability of a braking system is reduced; in the conventional braking process, compared with the high-speed switch electromagnetic valve, the pressure fluctuation can be caused when the braking pressure is regulated and controlled by changing the switch state, the pressure change of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve is more stable in control, and the braking performance is more favorably improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the internal structure of a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the external configuration of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing the state of the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9 during the pressurization braking process of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view showing the state of the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9 during the anti-lock braking process of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing the state of parts during the pressure maintaining braking process of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the state of the components of the motor-driven air pressure regulator valve of the present invention during a booster braking event;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing the state of parts during the pressure reduction process of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve of the present invention;
fig. 8a and 8b are views illustrating states of parts during an anti-lock braking process of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to the present invention.
Wherein the reference numerals are:
1 motor 2 valve cover
3 valve body 4 air inlet
5 air outlet 6 air outlet
7 ball screw and 8 ball screw nut
9 sleeve 10 locating ring
11 first snap ring 12 second snap ring
13 leather tile 14 adjusting spring
15 ejector rod 16 adjusting sealing ring
17 valve body sealing ring 18 third snap ring
19 piston 20 return spring
21 partition wall
Detailed Description
The invention is further illustrated with reference to the following figures and examples.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve includes a motor 1, a valve cover 2, a valve body 3, a ball screw 7, a ball screw nut 8, a sleeve 9, a positioning ring 10, a first snap ring 11, a second snap ring 12, a leather tile 13, an adjusting spring 14, a push rod 15, an adjusting seal ring 16, a valve body seal ring 17, a third snap ring 18, a piston 19 and a return spring 20;
the valve cover 2 is installed at the top of the valve body 3 through bolts, and a valve body sealing ring 17 is arranged at the joint of the valve cover 2 and the valve body 3, so that the valve body 3 has air tightness.
The motor 1 is installed at the top end of the valve cover 2 through a bolt, and a power output shaft of the motor 1 is vertically inserted into the valve cover 2 and fixedly connected with a ball screw 7 arranged in the valve cover 2 along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover 2.
As shown in fig. 3 and 4, the lower end surface of the ball screw nut 8 and the upper end surface of the sleeve 9 are provided with cam structures which are matched with each other; the ball screw nut 8 is sleeved on the ball screw 7 through a threaded ball.
The middle part of the positioning ring 10 is provided with a unthreaded hole for accommodating the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9, the side wall of the unthreaded hole is provided with a sliding groove parallel to the longitudinal axis of the valve cover 2, and the outer surface of the sleeve 9 is provided with a sliding block capable of moving in the sliding groove, so that the sleeve 9 can only move up and down along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover 2 in the unthreaded hole of the positioning ring 10. The positioning ring 10 is fixed on the inner wall of the bonnet 2 by a first snap ring 11 and a second snap ring 12.
The leather tile 13, the adjusting spring 14 and the ejector rod 15 are sequentially arranged below the sleeve 9 from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the leather tile 13 is contacted with the lower end surface of the sleeve 9, and the edge of the leather tile 13 is slidably contacted with the inner wall of the valve cover 2; the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting spring 14 are fixedly connected with the lower end face of the leather tile 13 and the upper end face of the ejector rod 15 respectively. The ejector rod 15 comprises a disc part and a cylinder part, the edge of the disc part is in slidable contact with the inner wall of the valve cover 2, and an adjusting sealing ring 16 is arranged at the contact position of the edge of the disc part and the inner wall of the valve cover 2 to ensure air tightness.
The side wall of the valve body 3 is respectively provided with an air inlet 4 and one or two air outlets 5, and the bottom of the valve body is provided with an air outlet 6; in practical application, the air inlet 4 is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank; the air outlet 5 is connected with a brake air chamber, and the air outlet 6 is connected with the atmosphere. When the valve body 3 is provided with an air outlet 5, the air outlet 5 is connected with a brake air chamber of a front wheel or a rear wheel through an air pipe; when the valve body 3 is provided with two air outlets 5, the two air outlets 5 are respectively connected with the brake chambers of two front wheels or the brake chambers of two rear wheels through air pipes.
A partition wall 21 is arranged in the cavity of the valve body 3, and the partition wall 21 is positioned between the air outlet 5 and the air inlet 4; the third snap ring 18 is fixedly connected to the partition wall 21 and positioned above the air inlet 4; the piston 19 is arranged on the exhaust port 6 through a return spring 20, and is in airtight fit with the lower end face of the third snap ring 18 under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 20, so that the air inlet 4 is closed; the cylinder part of the ejector rod 15 passes through the third snap ring 18 and is in airtight fit with the piston 19 under the elastic force of the adjusting spring 14, so that the exhaust port 6 is closed, the air pressure adjusting valve is in the pressure maintaining braking process shown in fig. 5, and the air inlet 4, the air outlet 5 and the exhaust port 6 are not communicated.
The motor 1 rotates anticlockwise, the ball screw 7 rotates along with the motor 1 to drive the ball screw nut 8 to move, the ball screw nut 8 is matched with the sleeve 9 through a cam, and the sleeve 9 pushes the leather tile 13 to move downwards; when the leather tile 13 is acted by the sleeve 9, the leather tile 13, the adjusting spring 14 and the ejector rod 15 synchronously slide on the inner wall of the valve cover 2; the ejector rod 15 pushes the piston 19 to move downwards, in the process, the ejector rod 15 and the piston 19 are still in airtight fit, and the exhaust port 6 is kept in a closed state; the piston 19 is separated from the third snap ring 18 so that a passage is formed between the air inlet port 4 and the air outlet port 5 when the air pressure regulating valve is in the booster braking process shown in fig. 6.
The motor 1 rotates clockwise, the ball screw 7 rotates along with the motor 1, the ball screw nut 8 moves upwards, and the leather tile 13 loses the acting force of the sleeve 9; the ejector rod 15 moves upwards under the action of gas pressure, the piston 19 is in airtight fit with the third clamping ring 18 under the action of the elastic force of the return spring 20, and the gas inlet 4 is closed; the ram 15 continues to move upward and is separated from the piston 19, so that a passage is formed between the exhaust port 6 and the air outlet 5, and the air pressure regulating valve is in the process of reducing the pressure as shown in fig. 7.
The invention provides a control method of a motor-driven air pressure regulating valve, which comprises a pressurization braking process, a pressure maintaining braking process, a pressure reducing process and an anti-lock braking process.
S1, boosting braking process
When a driver steps on a brake pedal, the booster brake is carried out, as shown in fig. 6, in the booster brake process, a vehicle controller controls a motor 1 to rotate anticlockwise to drive a ball screw 7 to rotate, the rotation is converted into downward linear motion of the ball screw nut 8 through the matching of the ball screw 7 and a threaded ball of the ball screw nut 8, a sleeve 9 is pushed to move downwards, the sleeve 9 pushes a leather tile 13 to move downwards to compress an adjusting spring 14, an ejector rod 15 pushes a piston 19 under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring 14 to close an exhaust port 6 and open an air inlet 4, and the air inlet 4 and an air outlet 5 form a brake gas passage, so that the booster brake of the vehicle is realized.
S2 pressure maintaining braking process
After a driver steps on the brake pedal and keeps the brake pedal at a certain position, pressure maintaining braking is carried out, as shown in fig. 5, after the vehicle is subjected to pressure boosting braking in the pressure boosting braking process, in the pressure maintaining braking process, the vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, the ball screw 7 rotates along with the motor 1, the ball screw nut 8 moves upwards linearly, the piston 19 moves upwards under the action of the return spring 20, the ejector rod 15, the adjusting spring 14, the leather shoe 13 and the sleeve 9 move upwards under the action of the piston 19 until the motor 1 stops rotating when the air inlet 4 is closed, the air outlet 6 is also in a closed state at the moment, the brake air chamber is not connected with the outside at the moment, the pressure is stable, and the vehicle is braked stably.
S3, decompression process
After the vehicle is braked through a pressurization braking process or a pressure maintaining braking process, a driver loosens a brake pedal, reduces brake pressure in a pressure reduction process and releases braking, as shown in fig. 7, in the pressure reduction process, a vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, the ball screw nut 8 moves upwards, the ejector rod 15 moves upwards under the action of gas pressure, the exhaust port 6 is opened, the ejector rod 15 pushes the adjusting spring 14, the leather shoe 13 and the sleeve 9 to move upwards to restore to an initial position, the gas outlet 5 and the exhaust port 6 form a pressure relief passage, and brake gas is exhausted from the brake chamber to the atmosphere to achieve pressure reduction.
S4 anti-lock braking process
As shown in fig. 8a, when the wheel speed is greater than the set range and the brake pedal is pressed, the vehicle controller first controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, and the ball screw 7 drives the ball screw nut 8 to move upwards until the ball screw 7 and the ball screw nut 8 are matched to reach the end of the thread, and no relative movement occurs. Then the vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to continue to rotate clockwise, the ball screw nut 8 rotates along with the ball screw 7, the cam structure on the lower end face of the ball screw nut 8 pushes the cam structure on the lower end face of the sleeve 9, so that the sleeve 9 has a tendency of rotating, but the sleeve 9 can only move downwards due to the limitation of the horizontal sliding groove of the positioning ring 10, the axial distance between the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9 is gradually increased, and the motor 1 stops rotating until the axial distance between the ball screw nut 8 and the sleeve 9 is about to reach the maximum value as shown in fig. 4. In the process, the sleeve 9 pushes the leather tile 13 to compress the adjusting spring 14 downwards, the ejector rod 15 pushes the piston 19 under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring 14, the exhaust port 6 is closed, the air inlet 4 is opened, the air inlet 4 and the air outlet 5 form a braking passage, high-pressure braking gas enters the braking air chamber, the braking pressure is increased, and the wheel speed is reduced; as shown in fig. 8b, when the wheel speed is reduced below the set range through the above process, the wheel is close to a pure sliding state, the vehicle controller controls the motor 1 to rotate clockwise, because the ball screw 7 and the ball screw nut 8 are matched to reach the end of the thread, no relative motion can occur, the ball screw nut 8 rotates along with the ball screw 7, under the matching of the cam structures of the two, the ball screw nut 8 continues to push the sleeve 9 to move downwards for a short distance, then the ball screw nut 8 and the cam structure of the sleeve 9 cross the position with the largest axial distance, there is a tendency that the axial distance is reduced, the brake gas in the valve body cavity pushes the ejector rod 15, the adjusting spring 14 and the leather shoe 13, so that the sleeve 9 moves upwards, the curved surface of the cam structure of the end surface completely coincides with the curved surface of the cam structure at the end surface of the ball screw nut 8, as shown in fig. 3, in the process, the piston 19 closes the air inlet 4 under the action of the return spring 20, and the sleeve 9 opens the air outlet 6, so that the brake air chamber forms a passage with the atmosphere, the brake pressure is reduced, and the wheel speed is increased. The anti-lock braking process enables the wheel speed to be within a certain range, so that the anti-lock braking effect is achieved.
Claims (8)
1. A motor-driven air pressure regulating valve is characterized by comprising a motor (1), a valve cover (2), a valve body (3), a ball screw (7), a ball screw nut (8), a sleeve (9), a positioning ring (10), a leather tile (13), a regulating spring (14), a push rod (15), a third snap ring (18), a piston (19) and a return spring (20);
the valve cover (2) is hermetically arranged at the top of the valve body (3); the motor (1) is installed at the top end of the valve cover (2), and a power output shaft of the motor (1) is vertically inserted into the valve cover (2) and fixedly connected with a ball screw (7) arranged in the valve cover (2) along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover (2);
the lower end face of the ball screw nut (8) and the upper end face of the sleeve (9) are provided with cam structures which are matched with each other; the ball screw nut (8) is sleeved on the ball screw (7) through a threaded ball;
the middle part of the positioning ring (10) is provided with a unthreaded hole for accommodating a ball screw nut (8) and a sleeve (9), the side wall of the unthreaded hole is provided with a sliding groove parallel to the longitudinal axis of the valve cover (2), and the outer surface of the sleeve (9) is provided with a sliding block capable of moving in the sliding groove, so that the sleeve (9) can only move up and down along the longitudinal axis of the valve cover (2) in the unthreaded hole of the positioning ring (10); the positioning ring (10) is fixed on the inner wall of the valve cover (2);
the leather tile (13), the adjusting spring (14) and the ejector rod (15) are sequentially arranged below the sleeve (9) from top to bottom; the upper end surface of the leather tile (13) is in contact with the lower end surface of the sleeve (9), and the edge of the leather tile (13) is in slidable contact with the inner wall of the valve cover (2); the upper end and the lower end of the adjusting spring (14) are fixedly connected with the lower end surface of the leather tile (13) and the upper end surface of the ejector rod (15) respectively; the ejector rod (15) comprises a disc part and a cylinder part, and the edge of the disc part is in slidable airtight contact with the inner wall of the valve cover (2);
the side wall of the valve body (3) is respectively provided with an air inlet (4) and one or two air outlets (5), and the bottom of the valve body is provided with an air outlet (6); the air inlet (4) is connected with a high-pressure air storage tank; the air outlet (5) is connected with a brake air chamber, and the air outlet (6) is connected with the atmosphere;
a partition wall (21) is arranged in the cavity of the valve body (3), and the partition wall (21) is positioned between the air outlet (5) and the air inlet (4); the third clamping ring (18) is fixedly connected to the partition wall (21) and is positioned above the air inlet (4); the piston (19) is arranged on the exhaust port (6) through a return spring (20) and is in airtight fit with the lower end face of the third snap ring (18) under the action of the elastic force of the return spring (20), so that the air inlet (4) is closed; the cylinder part of the ejector rod (15) penetrates through the third snap ring (18) and is in airtight fit with the piston (19) under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring (14), so that the exhaust port (6) is closed, the air pressure adjusting valve is in the pressure maintaining braking process, and the air inlet (4), the air outlet (5) and the exhaust port (6) are not communicated at the moment.
2. A motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that the junction of the valve cover (2) and the valve body (3) is provided with a valve body sealing ring (17).
3. A motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, wherein a regulating seal ring (16) is provided at a contact portion of an edge of the disk portion of the stem (15) and an inner wall of the valve cover (2).
4. An electric motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, characterized in that said positioning ring (10) is fixed to the inner wall of the bonnet (2) by means of a first snap ring (11) and a second snap ring (12).
5. A motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, wherein when the valve body (3) is provided with an air outlet (5), the air outlet (5) is connected to a brake chamber of a front wheel or a rear wheel through an air pipe; when the valve body (3) is provided with two air outlets (5), the two air outlets (5) are respectively connected with the brake chambers of two front wheels or the brake chambers of two rear wheels through air pipes.
6. The motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, wherein the motor (1) rotates anticlockwise, the ball screw (7) rotates along with the motor (1) to drive the ball screw nut (8) to move, the ball screw nut (8) is matched with the sleeve (9) through a cam, and the sleeve (9) pushes the leather shoe (13) to move downwards; when the leather tile (13) is acted by the sleeve (9), the leather tile (13), the adjusting spring (14) and the ejector rod (15) synchronously slide on the inner wall of the valve cover (2); the ejector rod (15) pushes the piston (19) to move downwards, in the process, the ejector rod (15) and the piston (19) are still in airtight fit, and the exhaust port (6) is kept in a closed state; the piston (19) is separated from the third clamping ring (18), so that a passage is formed between the air inlet (4) and the air outlet (5), and the air pressure regulating valve is in the boosting braking process.
7. The motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to claim 1, wherein the motor (1) rotates clockwise, the ball screw (7) rotates with the motor (1), the ball screw nut (8) moves upward, and the leather shoe (13) loses the force of the sleeve (9); the ejector rod (15) moves upwards under the action of gas pressure, the piston (19) is in airtight fit with the third snap ring (18) under the action of the elastic force of the return spring (20), and the gas inlet (4) is closed; the ejector rod (15) continues to move upwards to be separated from the piston (19), so that a passage is formed between the exhaust port (6) and the air outlet (5), and the air pressure regulating valve is in the pressure reduction process.
8. A control method of the motor-driven air pressure regulating valve according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the method comprises a booster braking process, a pressure maintaining braking process, a pressure reducing process, and an anti-lock braking process;
s1, boosting braking process
When a driver steps on a brake pedal, booster braking is carried out, in the booster braking process, a vehicle controller controls a motor (1) to rotate anticlockwise to drive a ball screw (7) to rotate, the rotation is converted into downward linear motion of the ball screw nut (8) through the matching of the ball screw (7) and a threaded ball of the ball screw nut (8), a sleeve (9) is pushed to move downwards, the sleeve (9) pushes a leather tile (13) to move downwards, an adjusting spring (14) is compressed, a push rod (15) pushes a piston (19) under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring (14), an exhaust port (6) is closed, an air inlet (4) is opened, and the air inlet (4) and an air outlet (5) form a brake gas passage to realize the booster braking of the vehicle;
s2 pressure maintaining braking process
When a driver steps on a brake pedal and keeps the brake pedal at a certain position, pressure maintaining braking is carried out, after the vehicle is subjected to vehicle pressure boosting braking through the pressure boosting braking process, in the pressure maintaining braking process, a vehicle controller controls a motor (1) to rotate clockwise, a ball screw (7) rotates along with the motor (1), a ball screw nut (8) moves upwards in a straight line, a piston (19) moves upwards under the action of a return spring (20), a push rod (15), an adjusting spring (14), a leather tile (13) and a sleeve (9) move upwards under the action of the piston (19) until the motor (1) stops rotating when an air inlet (4) is closed, at the moment, an exhaust port (6) is also in a closed state, at the moment, a brake air chamber is not connected with the outside, the pressure is stable, and the vehicle is stably braked;
s3, decompression process
After the vehicle is braked through a pressurization braking process or a pressure maintaining braking process, a driver looses a brake pedal, reduces brake pressure in a pressure reducing process and releases braking, in the pressure reducing process, a vehicle controller controls a motor (1) to rotate clockwise, a ball screw nut (8) moves upwards, an ejector rod (15) moves upwards under the action of gas pressure to open an exhaust port (6), the ejector rod (15) pushes an adjusting spring (14), a leather shoe (13) and a sleeve (9) to move upwards and recover to an initial position, a pressure relief passage is formed by a gas outlet (5) and the exhaust port (6), and brake gas is exhausted to the atmosphere from a brake chamber to realize pressure reduction;
s4 anti-lock braking process
When the wheel speed is larger than a set range and the brake pedal is stepped down, the vehicle controller firstly controls the motor (1) to rotate clockwise, the ball screw (7) drives the ball screw nut (8) to move upwards until the ball screw (7) and the ball screw nut (8) are matched to reach the tail end of a thread, and relative movement cannot occur; then the vehicle controller controls the motor (1) to rotate clockwise continuously, the ball screw nut (8) rotates along with the ball screw (7), the cam structure on the lower end face of the ball screw nut (8) pushes the cam structure on the lower end face of the sleeve (9), so that the sleeve (9) tends to rotate, but the sleeve (9) is limited by the horizontal sliding groove of the positioning ring (10) and can only move downwards, the axial distance between the ball screw nut (8) and the sleeve (9) is gradually increased, and the motor (1) stops rotating until the axial distance between the ball screw nut (8) and the sleeve (9) is about to reach the maximum value; in the process, the sleeve (9) pushes the leather shoe (13) to compress the adjusting spring (14) downwards, the ejector rod (15) pushes the piston (19) under the elastic force action of the adjusting spring (14), the exhaust port (6) is closed, the air inlet (4) is opened, the air inlet (4) and the air outlet (5) form a braking passage, high-pressure braking gas enters the braking air chamber, the braking pressure is increased, and the wheel speed is reduced; when the wheel speed of the wheel is reduced to be below a set range, the wheel is close to a pure sliding state, a vehicle controller controls a motor (1) to rotate clockwise, the ball screw (7) and a ball screw nut (8) are matched to reach the tail end of a thread and cannot move relatively, the ball screw nut (8) rotates along with the ball screw (7), under the matching of cam structures of the ball screw nut and the ball screw nut, the ball screw nut (8) continues to push a sleeve (9) to move downwards for a short distance, then the ball screw nut (8) and the cam structure of the sleeve (9) cross the position with the maximum axial distance and have the tendency of reducing the axial distance, brake gas in a valve cavity pushes a mandril (15), an adjusting spring (14) and a leather tile (13) to enable the sleeve (9) to move upwards, and the curved surface of the cam structure of the end surface of the ball screw nut is completely coincided with the curved surface of the cam structure of the end surface of the ball screw nut (8), in the process, the piston (19) closes the air inlet (4) under the action of the return spring (20), meanwhile, the sleeve (9) opens the air outlet (6), the brake air chamber and the atmosphere form a passage, the brake pressure is reduced, and the wheel speed is increased.
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