CN113305253B - Design method for inlet curved surface of rotary forging hammer die - Google Patents
Design method for inlet curved surface of rotary forging hammer die Download PDFInfo
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- CN113305253B CN113305253B CN202110453366.4A CN202110453366A CN113305253B CN 113305253 B CN113305253 B CN 113305253B CN 202110453366 A CN202110453366 A CN 202110453366A CN 113305253 B CN113305253 B CN 113305253B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J9/00—Forging presses
- B21J9/10—Drives for forging presses
- B21J9/20—Control devices specially adapted to forging presses not restricted to one of the preceding subgroups
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21J—FORGING; HAMMERING; PRESSING METAL; RIVETING; FORGE FURNACES
- B21J5/00—Methods for forging, hammering, or pressing; Special equipment or accessories therefor
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Abstract
The invention provides a design method of an inlet curved surface of a rotary forging hammer head die, which comprises the following steps: s1, determining a required forging force in a rotary swaging process; s2, establishing a relation between the forging force of the rotary swaging hammer head die and the position of a neutral surface; s3, designing rotary swaging hammers with different types of inlet curved surfaces; s4, measuring the forging rate of each hammer head; s5, determining the relationship between the inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammer die, the position of a neutral surface and the distribution of residual stress; and S6, determining the curved surface of the inlet of the rotary swaging hammer die. According to the invention, different inlet curved surface hammerheads are designed, and the relations between the different inlet curved surface hammerheads and the forging rate, the neutral surface position and the axial residual stress distribution of a workpiece are researched, so that different types of inlet curved surface hammerheads are optimized, and further the optimized design of the hammerhead inlet curved surface is achieved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of forging dies, in particular to a design method for an inlet curved surface of a rotary forging hammer die.
Background
The rotary forging is called radial forging for short, is suitable for processing shaft parts, and is a progressive forming method which performs a large amount of short strokes and high-speed stamping operation on a blank while 2-4 rotary forging heads rotate around the axis of the blank at a high speed so as to reduce the size of the section of the blank shaft or change the shape of the blank shaft.
Theoretically, the rotary swaging machine has the characteristics of less machining allowance, small forging vibration, high dimensional accuracy and the like during rotary swaging machining, but in actual production, the defects of a core cavity, poor forging rate, poor metal fluidity, uneven forging texture, overlarge surface roughness and the like easily exist, and the quality and the performance of a rotary swaging shaft are influenced.
In the rotary swaging process, as the hammer head directly contacting with the forged pipe, the design of the rotary swaging hammer head die can greatly influence the process variables, and the structural form of the inlet curved surface of the hammer head has great influence on the metal flow, the forging rate, the forging force, the stress-strain distribution, the processing efficiency and the like in the forging process.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the above, the invention provides a method for designing an inlet curved surface of a rotary forging hammer head die, which optimizes the designed hammer heads with different inlet curved surfaces by exploring the forging characteristics of the hammer heads with different inlet curved surfaces, so as to improve the metal flowing condition of a workpiece during forging, and further improve the quality and performance of the rotary forging shaft during rotary forging.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the invention provides a design method of an inlet curved surface of a rotary forging hammer head die, which comprises the following steps:
s1, determining a required forging force in a rotary swaging process;
s2, establishing a relation between the forging force of the rotary swaging hammer head die and the position of a neutral surface;
s3, designing rotary swaging hammers with different types of inlet curved surfaces;
s4, measuring the forging rate of each hammer head;
s5, determining the relationship between the inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammer die, the position of a neutral surface and the distribution of residual stress;
and S6, determining the inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammer head die.
Preferably, in S1, the forging force required for the swaging process is determined by any one of an upper limit method, a strip method, a slip line method, a simulation method, and an experimental method.
The selection of the forging force can influence the deformation condition of a blank during forging and the quality of a finished hollow shaft, the deformation conditions of the three forging areas can be roughly analyzed by calculating the forging force of the three forging areas and combining with the rotary swaging machining characteristics, and meanwhile, the relation between the forging force and a neutral plane can be explored by calculating the total forging force.
Preferably, in the above S2, the relation between the swaging force of the swage head die and the position of the neutral plane is determined by the geometrical relationship and the mechanical relationship between the forging zones:
f, forging force;
p I -the left radial pressure of the neutral plane;
p II -the radial pressure on the right side of the neutral plane;
Z n -the distance of the neutral plane from the workpiece entrance end face;
l-length of hammer head
And S-is the cross-sectional area of the workpiece at the neutral plane.
The position of the neutral surface is important for researching the metal flow condition in the forging process, and by researching the relation between the forging force and the neutral surface, the position of the neutral surface in actual forging can be preliminarily determined, and the position of the neutral surface in forging can be changed by selecting reasonable forging force, so that the metal flow condition is improved.
Preferably, in S3, a multi-step curved inlet surface hammer head design method is adopted to design a swaging hammer head with different types of curved inlet surfaces.
The curved surface of the hammerhead inlet has great influence on metal flow, forging rate, stress strain distribution and the like in the forging process, and the reasonable curved surface structure of the hammerhead inlet is found by combining the previous summary experience, so that the important significance on improving the rotary swaging processing effect is achieved.
Preferably, in S4, the forging penetration rate of the workpiece after the completion of the forging using the different curved-entry-surface hammer dies is measured by a finite element simulation method. The main reasons for adopting the forging penetration rate as the determination standard are as follows: first, the forging rate is better quantified in a plurality of decision relationships; secondly, the forging penetration rate is closely related to the metal flow condition in the forging process.
The forging rate is a parameter for describing the degree of radial plastic deformation of a workpiece, and the phenomenon of 'insufficient forging' is easy to occur during processing because the single-time forging deformation of the rotary forging processing hammer head is small. Through the research to different entry curved surface tup forge through rate, can be comparatively accurate the forging quality of grasping each tup.
Preferably, in S5, relationship lines between the positions of the swage heads and the neutral plane and between the residual stress distributions of different inlet curved surfaces are determined by a finite element simulation method, and the relationship lines are expressed by functional relations as follows:
the metal flow condition of the material is complex when the material is subjected to plastic deformation, and the metal flow condition of the workpiece during forging of the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces can be shown through researching the position of a neutral surface during forging of the different inlet curved surfaces; the distribution of the residual stress of the workpiece is an important index for judging the quality of the workpiece, and the forging characteristics of different inlet curved surfaces under the same forging force can be obtained by analyzing the distribution of the residual stress of the forged workpiece with different inlet curved surfaces. Through the relation between the positions of the hammerheads with the neutral surface and the residual stress distribution of the different inlet curved surfaces, the regular characteristics of the hammerheads with the different inlet curved surfaces during and after forging can be effectively detected.
Preferably, in S6, the optimal swage head inlet curved surface is designed according to the relationship between the positions of the hammer head dies with different inlet curved surfaces and the neutral surface and the distribution of the residual stress.
By the rules and the relations obtained in the research process, the characteristics of the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces during processing can be obtained, the rules are summarized, and the optimal inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammerhead is obtained.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention relates to a design method of an inlet curved surface of a rotary forging hammer head die, which comprises the following steps: determining the required forging force in the shaft rotary forging process, establishing the relation between the forging force of a rotary forging hammer die and the position of a neutral surface, measuring the forging penetration rate of rotary forging hammers with different inlet curved surfaces, and establishing the relation between the inlet curved surface of the rotary forging hammer die, the position of the neutral surface and the distribution of residual stress, thereby determining the inlet curved surface of the rotary forging hammer die. According to the invention, by combining the technical characteristics of the rotary swaging shaft product and the rotary swaging, the forging forces borne by different forging areas are firstly analyzed, and then the relationship between the forging force and the neutral surface is established, so that the purpose of improving the position of the neutral surface according to the optimized forging force is achieved. Different inlet curved surface hammerheads are designed, and different types of inlet curved surface hammerheads are optimized by researching the relation among the different inlet curved surface hammerheads, the forging rate, the neutral surface position and the axial residual stress distribution of a workpiece, so that the optimal design of the inlet curved surface of the hammerhead is achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow diagram of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a drawing of a hollow mandrel blank prior to swaging in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a sectional view of the rotary forging deformation process according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a force analysis of each forging stage according to the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a graph showing the relationship between forging force and neutral plane position according to the present invention
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a different type of inlet curved hammerhead of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a line graph of the relationship between different inlet curved hammerheads and the forging rate of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a line graph of the relationship between the positions of different inlet curved hammerheads and a neutral plane in accordance with the present invention;
fig. 9 is a diagram of the relationship between different inlet curved surface hammers and the axial residual stress distribution of a workpiece according to the invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be obtained by a person skilled in the art without making any creative effort based on the embodiments of the present invention, belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the application discloses a design method for rotationally forging an inlet curved surface of a hammer head die, which specifically comprises the following operation steps with reference to the attached figure 1:
s1, determining a required forging force in a rotary swaging process;
in this embodiment, taking a certain pass of a rotary-forged hollow shaft of a certain car as an example, a blank used for processing a new energy automobile motor shaft by adopting a rotary forging process is a seamless steel tube, as shown in fig. 2, the material is alloy steel 25CrMo4, and the performance requirements of the blank are as follows: the yield strength is 690MPa, the maximum tensile strength is 630MPa, and the surface hardness is 85-10 OHRB. The blank has dimensions of 33mm outer diameter, 8mm wall thickness and 80mm length.
According to the rotary forging processing characteristics of the motor shaft of the new energy automobile, as the axial material flow of rotary forging is large, the radial deformation is small, and the influence on the result is not large by neglecting the radial change, the forging force is determined by adopting an upper limit method.
According to the rotary swaging processing characteristics, the rotary swaging deformation process of the workpiece blank can be divided into three deformation zones, namely a sinking zone I, a forging zone II and a finishing zone III, as shown in FIG. 3. The inner and outer surfaces of the workpiece blank in the sinking zone are reduced, the thickness is slightly increased, and the thickness change of the tube wall can be ignored; under the high-frequency impact of the die, the outer diameter of the blank is reduced, and the metal flow is mainly axial flow; the outer diameter of the blank of the forged part has reached the final product requirements in the finishing zone, where significant friction dissipation occurs to overcome the material's plastic deformation spring back.
The deformation of the blank is divided into three deformation zones, and the forging force of each section is solved by adopting an upper limit method according to different characteristics of the three deformation zones. Of course, alternative methods include, but are not limited to, methods such as: lath method, sliding line method, simulation method and experimental method. The forging force of each forging subarea is obtained according to the upper limit method and the figure 4:
sinking zone forging force:
forging force of a forging area:
forging force of the finishing area:
F 1 、F 2 、F 3 -sink zone forging force, forging zone forging force, finishing zone forging force;
L 1 、L 2 、L 3 -the length of the sink zone, the sum of the lengths of the sink zone and the forging zone, and the sum of the lengths of the three deformation zones;
σ s 、σ 1 、σ z the unidirectional tensile yield strength of the material, the micro-element stress of a sinking section, and the micro-element stress of a forging area and a finishing area;
t 0 -blank thickness;
alpha-sinking zone hammerhead pressing angle;
R、R 1 and the external diameter of the deformed micro element and the external diameter of the workpiece.
And S2, establishing a relation between the forging force of the rotary swaging hammer head die and the position of a neutral surface.
Obtaining a relation between the forging force of the rotary swaging hammer head die and the position of a neutral surface through the geometrical relation and the mechanical relation among the forging deformation zones:
f, forging force;
p I -the left radial pressure of the neutral plane;
p II -the radial pressure on the right side of the neutral plane;
Z n -the distance of the neutral plane from the workpiece entrance end face;
l-length of hammer head
And S & lt- & gt is the cross-sectional area of the workpiece at the neutral plane.
The position of the neutral surface is important for researching the metal flow condition in the forging process, and by researching the relation between the forging force and the neutral surface, the position of the neutral surface in actual forging can be preliminarily determined, and the position of the neutral surface in forging can be changed by selecting reasonable forging force, so that the metal flow condition is improved. The forging force on the blanks on the two sides of the neutral surface is the same, and the metal flow direction is opposite.
The forging force is related to metal flowing and the final effect in the forging process of the workpiece, the relation between the neutral surface and the forging force is explored, the position of the neutral surface is favorably improved by adjusting the forging force, the required forging force can be preliminarily determined by selecting the proper position of the neutral surface, and the forging result can be roughly guessed through the relation between the neutral surface and the forging force.
In the present example, the relationship between the forging force applied during the swaging and the neutral plane position was determined by a simulation method, and the relationship between the forging force and the neutral plane position was found as shown in table 1 by selecting the forging forces of 50KN, 100KN, 150KN, 200KN, and 300KN, respectively:
TABLE 1 neutral plane position under different forging forces
Using the data in Table 1, a line 1 of the relation between the forging force and the neutral plane position shown in FIG. 5 was obtained
By using the relationship line 1 between the forging force and the neutral plane position in FIG. 4, the functional relationship between the forging force and the neutral plane position can be fit as shown in equation (1)
y 1 ＝3E-0.8x 3 -0.0003x 2 +0.2352x+34.672 (1)
Where y1 is the distance between the neutral plane and the head inlet end and x is the amount of forging force applied by the swage head in KN.
From the relationship line 1 of the forging force and the neutral plane position and the relationship equation (1) shown in fig. 5, it can be seen that the neutral plane position is located in the forging stage as the neutral plane position moves away from the inlet end with the increase of the forging force. The neutral plane can theoretically be located in any forging zone, but since most of the plastic deformation of the material during forging occurs in the forging zone, the metal flow is better when the neutral plane is located in the forging zone as is generally the case in actual production.
S3, designing rotary swaging hammers with different types of inlet curved surfaces;
the rotary forging hammer head is mainly used for forging and processing round and square forged pieces, different hammer head structures are suitable for different forged pieces, and the common rotary forging hammer head mainly comprises a solid hammer head, a universal hammer head, a cogging hammer head and the like.
In the embodiment, the solid hammer head is adopted for forging, and the solid hammer head and the cogging hammer head are used for forging the round blank, wherein the blank can be uniformly and stably deformed under high-frequency forging due to the existence of the pre-forming surface of the solid hammer head, the surface quality is good, and the deformation and the forging penetration rate are small. The universal hammer head can be used for forging square and round forged pieces, friction dissipation is large during forging, deformation is good compared with other types of hammer heads in large forging penetration rate, however, a forged workpiece is prone to wrinkling, and residual stress distribution is large.
The curved surface design of the inlet of the rotary swaging hammer head can greatly influence the process variable and the metal flow condition. The inlet camber design is primarily concerned with forging zone i, forging zone ii, of the forging segments, where almost all plastic deformation occurs during forging. Therefore, the taper angle of the inlet curved surface is required to be large enough, but when the taper angle is too large, a large axial force is generated, the clamping device is affected, and even the blank is thrown out during forging to generate a buckle to damage the end quality; and the fact that the taper angle is always kept too large can lead to small deformation of the blank in the forging area and reduction of forging force, so that the forging force cannot penetrate into the workpiece. The small inlet cone angle can lead to the increase of the force borne by the hammer head, although the forging rate can be improved, the requirements on the rotary forging machine are higher, and the axial flow of materials can be influenced by the small cone angle during forging.
By the above design conditions, the multi-step die inlet curved surface design method is adopted in this example to design the first-stage step curved surface hammerhead, the second-stage step curved surface hammerhead, the third-stage and fourth-stage step curved surface hammerhead, such as four different types of inlet curved surface hammerheads shown in fig. 6.
S4, measuring the forging rate of each hammer head;
the rotary forging belongs to near-net forming, the hammer head performs high-frequency forging on a workpiece, but the deformation of the workpiece is small in single hammer head forging, and the phenomena of 'insufficient forging' such as holes, looseness and the like of the finished workpiece can be caused.
The forging rate refers to the depth of radial plastic deformation of a blank during forging, and currently, the main methods for researching the forging rate include: empirical right-angle triangle method, analytic method, microstructure method, finite element method. The empirical right triangle method takes the contact part of a forging area and a blank as a base to form an isosceles right triangle when the hammer is forged, and takes the vertex position of the triangle as a criterion; analytical methods the forging rate was studied by some mathematical methods; the microstructure method is used for researching the forging rate by detecting the microstructure condition of the workpiece; the finite element method is used for researching the forging penetration rate of the workpiece according to the metal flowing condition during forging and the stress and strain condition of the workpiece after forging.
The inlet curved surface is a factor which has obvious influence on the forging penetration rate, and in order to research whether the inlet curved surface meets the forging penetration requirement, the forging penetration rates of hammers with different inlet curved surfaces need to be researched.
The formula of forge through:
wherein E is the forge penetration; h-single side indentation (mm); alpha-included angle between the inclined surface of the hammer head and the blank, and t-thickness (mm) of the finished product.
According to the metal deformation condition during forging, the parameters in the formula can be obtained, so that the forging penetration rate of the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces during forging can be measured and calculated.
The relationship between the different inlet curved surface hammerheads and the forging penetration rate according to the finite element simulation result can be seen in the table 2 and the table 2
| |
1 | 2 | 3 | 4 |
| Penetration rate of forging | 0.367 | 0.435 | 0.516 | 0.528 |
From the data obtained in table 2, which can be illustrated in fig. 7, it can be seen that the forging rate is gradually increased as the step angle of the inlet curved surface is increased, because the anisotropy of the forged piece is reduced and the metal flow condition during forging is improved. However, the upper limit of the forging rate is low (about 0.6) due to the limitation of the swaging process itself. In addition, in this embodiment, only the influence of the curved surface of the hammer head inlet is discussed, and in addition, the forging rate can be improved by improving the process parameters, which is not described herein.
S5, determining the relationship between the inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammer die and the position of a neutral surface and the distribution of residual stress;
in order to judge the forging condition of the hammerhead inlet curved surface, the relationship between the rotary swaging hammerhead die inlet curved surface and the position of the neutral surface and the distribution of residual stress is also required to be established;
the relationship between the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces and the neutral surface during forging is explored, so that the metal flowing condition of a workpiece in the forging process can be further known, and the characteristics of the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces during forging can be obtained.
TABLE 3 relationship between positions of hammerheads and neutral surfaces of different inlet curved surfaces
According to the data in table 3, a relation line graph shown in fig. 8 is made, and along with the increase of the number of the hammer head step angles and the change of the step angles, the axial force applied to the workpiece during forging is changed, so that the metal flowing condition is changed, and the position of a neutral plane is changed. The angle setting of the multi-step die is more consistent with the deformation rule of each forging subarea, but the influence of the three-step die and the four-step die on the position of the neutral plane is not large, which indicates that the position of the neutral plane cannot be obviously influenced by continuously increasing the number of steps in the forging area.
The relationship between the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces and the residual stress distribution after forging is explored, which is beneficial to further understanding the metal flow condition of the workpiece in the forging process, thereby obtaining the characteristics of different inlet curved surfaces during forging.
TABLE 4 relationship between different inlet curved surface hammerheads and axial residual stress distribution of workpieces
A relational line graph as shown in fig. 9 was made from the data of table 4. From the data in the table, it can be known that the axial residual distributed stress of the workpiece is gradually improved along with the increase of the number of steps of the hammer head, the outer surface of the workpiece is mainly tensile residual stress, and from the linear trend of fig. 6, the increase rate of the axial stress at the front section of the workpiece is larger, the increase tends to be stable at the rear section of the workpiece, and the axial residual distributed stress reaches the maximum value at the rear end of the workpiece.
And S6, determining the inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammer head die.
By combining the relations between different inlet curved surfaces and the forging penetration rate, the neutral surface position and the residual stress distribution, the advantages and the disadvantages of the different inlet curved surface hammers are determined through the exploration of the metal flow condition during forging of the different inlet curved surface hammers and the condition of the forged workpiece, namely through the relations between the different inlet curved surface hammers and the forging penetration rate, the neutral surface position and the axial residual stress distribution of the workpiece. From the above data, it can be seen in this example that: firstly, the forging force in each forging subarea is obtained, the relation between the forging force and the neutral surface is further established, and the position of the neutral surface during forging can be improved by selecting proper forging force. The forging characteristics of the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces during forging are researched after the forging force is determined, namely, the relation between the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces and the forging penetration rate, the neutral surface position and the axial residual stress distribution of a workpiece is researched, so that the influence of the hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces on the workpiece during and after forging can be further optimized, and the designed hammerheads with different inlet curved surfaces can be further optimized. Along with the increase of hammer head step angles, the corresponding angles in the range of each forging subarea more accord with the deformation condition of a workpiece in the area, the metal flowing condition is greatly improved, and the concrete expression in the example is as follows: the forging rate is gradually increased, the position of a neutral surface is more reasonable during forging, and the axial stress of a forged workpiece is reduced. According to data, the hammer head machining performance is gradually enhanced along with the increase of the hammer head stepped angles, but the machining performance is not increased much in terms of three-level steps and four-level step hammer heads, the cost for machining and manufacturing the four-level step hammer heads is higher than that of the three-level step hammer heads, the three-level step hammer heads are suitable to be adopted for rotary swaging machining in the aspect of economy, and a user can properly change the stepped angles and the inlet curved surface length of the three-level step hammer heads according to specific implementation working conditions so as to achieve a better forging effect.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.
Claims (6)
1. A design method for an inlet curved surface of a rotary forging hammer head die is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, determining a required forging force in a rotary swaging process;
s2, establishing a relation between the forging force of the rotary swaging hammer head die and the position of a neutral surface;
s3, designing rotary swaging hammers with different types of inlet curved surfaces;
s4, measuring the forging rate of each hammer head;
s5, determining the relationship between the inlet curved surface of the rotary swaging hammer die, the position of a neutral surface and the distribution of residual stress;
s6, determining a curved surface of an inlet of the rotary swaging hammer head die;
in the step S2, the relation between the forging force of the swage head die and the position of the neutral plane is determined according to the geometrical relationship and the mechanical relationship between the forging zones:
f, forging force;
p I -the left radial pressure of the neutral plane;
p II -the radial pressure on the right side of the neutral plane;
Z n -the distance of the neutral plane from the workpiece entrance end face;
l-length of hammer head
S-is the cross-sectional area of the workpiece at the neutral plane;
through the relation line of the forging force and the position of the neutral plane, a functional relation between the forging force and the position of the neutral plane can be fitted:
y 1 ＝3E-0.8x 3 -0.0003x 2 +0.2352x+34.672
wherein y1 is the distance between the neutral plane and the inlet end of the hammer head, and x is the forging force applied by the rotary swaging hammer head in KN units.
2. The method for designing the curved surface of the inlet of the rotary forging hammer head die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in S1, the forging force required for the swaging process is determined by any one of an upper limit method, a strip method, a slip line method, a simulation method, and an experimental method.
3. The method for designing the curved surface of the inlet of the rotary forging hammer head die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S3, the rotary swaging hammer head having different types of inlet curved surfaces is designed by using the multi-step inlet curved surface hammer head design method.
4. The method for designing the curved surface of the inlet of the rotary forging hammer head die as claimed in claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, the penetration rate of the workpiece after the hammerhead die with different inlet curved surfaces is forged is measured by a finite element simulation method.
5. The method for designing the curved surface of the inlet of the rotary forging hammer head die as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the step S5, the relationship lines between the positions of the swage heads and the neutral surface and the residual stress distribution of the different inlet curved surfaces are determined by a finite element simulation method.
6. The method for designing the curved surface of the inlet of the rotary forging hammer head die as claimed in claim 4, wherein: in the above S6, the optimal swage head inlet curved surface is designed according to the relationship between the positions of the hammer head dies with different inlet curved surfaces and the neutral surface and the distribution of the residual stress.
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