CN113298390B - Method and device for constructing multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flow - Google Patents

Method and device for constructing multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flow Download PDF

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CN113298390B
CN113298390B CN202110595389.9A CN202110595389A CN113298390B CN 113298390 B CN113298390 B CN 113298390B CN 202110595389 A CN202110595389 A CN 202110595389A CN 113298390 B CN113298390 B CN 113298390B
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passenger flow
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马书红
刘恩泽
岳敏
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Changan University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method and a device for constructing a multi-type collaborative evacuation scheme set for burst heterogeneous passenger flows, which are used for acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information; and inputting passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and outputting a multi-objective balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to passenger flow personnel and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation by the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model to obtain a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set of sudden heterogeneous passenger flow. The invention utilizes complete traffic infrastructure and emergency evacuation resources after the occurrence of the event to schedule vehicles in various traffic modes, constructs an efficient and economic evacuation chain and distributes passengers to a multi-mode collaborative chained route.

Description

Method and device for constructing multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flow
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of emergency evacuation, and particularly relates to a method and a device for constructing a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flows.
Background
In order to promote the balanced development of the social economy area, relieve the living pressure of commercial metropolitan areas and reduce the obstruction of urban commute of residents, the multi-mode integrated traffic becomes the core problem of urban group construction. The increase of the size of the passengers between cities brings new challenges to the existing infrastructure and transportation service, and provides higher requirements for the fault tolerance and toughness of the comprehensive transportation system between cities. Whether the temporary interruption of traffic supply or the surge in passenger demand, a large amount of passenger retention is caused, resulting in abnormal passenger flow demand. The destination of the passenger flow is scattered and distributed in urban areas and villages in the urban group, the demand difference is obvious, and the passenger flow demand of the spatial distribution heterogeneity is completely dependent on the transportation of public traffic service. Because the passengers cannot master the resource information of the supply side of the traffic system, the self-changing travel mode is a group dynamic game process, the change is complex and difficult to predict, and the congestion propagation of the multi-mode traffic network can be formed.
The management department needs a method for constructing an emergency plan by actively utilizing multi-mode passenger traffic coordination, which is required to reduce passenger travel delay and evacuation expense of the manager, and provides an alternative scheme library for balancing two targets for the manager to flexibly decide, but no related method is available for the management department at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems existing in the prior art, the invention provides a method and a device for constructing a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flows, which aim to distribute passengers to multi-mode collaborative chained routes by utilizing complete traffic infrastructures and emergency evacuation resources after an event occurs and constructing efficient and economic evacuation chains according to the destination of reserved passenger flow personnel (passengers) and the passenger flow personnel quantity requirements corresponding to the destination when an inter-city traffic infrastructure fails or the inter-city passenger flow requirements are suddenly increased.
Aiming at the uncertainty of budget funds under emergency, a trade-off comparison scheme set for reducing passenger delay and evacuation cost, and a corresponding scheduling scheme and evacuation scheme are provided for a management department.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a method for constructing a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for burst heterogeneous passenger flows comprises the following steps:
acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information; the passenger flow personnel demand information comprises the journey terminal points of the passenger flow personnel and the passenger flow personnel quantity corresponding to each journey terminal point; the traffic emergency resource information comprises a normal running multimode communication corridor and a traffic junction leading to each travel end point, the number of multimode vehicles used for emergency evacuation, running cost and depreciation cost corresponding to the multimode vehicles, running time corresponding to the multimode vehicles and a transfer walking distance of a traffic junction station;
inputting the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and outputting a multi-objective balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to the passenger flow personnel and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation by the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model to obtain a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flow.
Further, the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the model is a road section driving time model; />Is a transfer time model; />A carrier operation cost model; c is the total evacuation cost of the multimode carrier; />The model is a road section driving time model; d is total delay of passenger flow personnel; m, m 1 And m 2 For different traffic modes, m and m 1 And m 2 E, M is a traffic pattern set of multimode vehicles for emergency evacuation, m= { bus, train, high-speed rail, motor car, aircraft }; i and j are transportation hub sites, i and j epsilon N, N are transportation hub site sets connected by multi-mode communication corridor; n (N) t Is a traffic hub collection; />A vector formed by stations included in the p-th route of the traffic pattern m;for the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; />For traffic pattern m in route->The depreciation cost corresponding to each carrier is used for going out once; />The number of passenger flow personnel taking the traffic mode m from the traffic hub site i to the traffic hub site j;traffic pattern m for a passenger at junction station i 1 Change to traffic pattern m 2 Passenger number of people; />The total amount of standby carriers in the traffic mode m; cp (cp) m The capacity of the unit carrier is the traffic mode m; q od The passenger flow requirement is that the travel starting point is o and the travel ending point is d; />The number of transport personnel with the travel starting point of o; />The number of passenger flow personnel with the end of the journey being d; />The number of vehicles traveling on route p from junction site i to junction site j for traffic pattern m;for the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; s is a node set of an emergency evacuation base map, S= { S 1 ,s 2 ,…}，Sum s 2 = (c 2, j, m, up/down) is the node of the emergency evacuation base map, c1 and c2 are city numbers, up/down is the upload/download vehicle; />As the conversion parameters of the emergency evacuation foundation base map and the multimode dependent topology network, when the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j are connected s 1 s 2 Taking 1 when in loading, otherwise taking 0; />For the switching parameters of the route and the section of the vehicle, the route of the traffic pattern m is +.>And 1 is taken when passing through the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j, otherwise, 0 is taken.
Further, the road section driving time model is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for node s 1 To node s 2 Schedule time of riding traffic pattern m; />The schedule travel time for the p-th route of traffic pattern m is employed for traffic pivot station i to traffic hub station j.
Further, the transfer time model is:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the timing starting from the journey start o, the passenger is along the route +.>Actual run time to traffic hub site i, +.>For the carrier along the route->The actual operating time from the trip start o to the traffic hub station i, i.e. the sum of the actual operating time and the stopping time,/->For the stop time of the junction station i, +.>Actual time for passenger getting on/off for transportation hub station i +.> For transfer walkingTime (F)>For transfer walking distance of traffic hub site i, < ->Representing that only passenger personnel arriving first are allowed to transfer to the carrier arriving later, and passenger personnel arriving after waiting by the carrier arriving first are not allowed; Γ is infinity.
Further, the vehicle operation cost model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the running cost of the carrier is a unit time unit.
Further, after the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information are input into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, a revealing algorithm is utilized to solve and output a evacuation chain set corresponding to the passenger flow personnel with multi-objective balance and a scheduling scheme set of the multi-mode carrier for emergency evacuation.
Further, the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information are obtained from an inter-city ticket purchasing database, a multi-mode carrier database for emergency evacuation and a geographic information database.
A multi-modal collaborative evacuation scheme set construction apparatus for bursty heterogeneous passenger flow, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information; the passenger flow personnel demand information comprises the journey terminal points of the passenger flow personnel and the passenger flow personnel quantity corresponding to each journey terminal point; the traffic emergency resource information comprises a normal running multimode communication corridor and a traffic junction leading to each travel end point, the number of multimode vehicles used for emergency evacuation, running cost and depreciation cost corresponding to the multimode vehicles, running time corresponding to the multimode vehicles and transfer walking distance of traffic junction stations;
the multi-mode cooperative evacuation scheme set output module is used for inputting the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model outputs a multi-target balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to the passenger flow personnel and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation, so that a multi-mode cooperative evacuation scheme set of sudden heterogeneous passenger flow is obtained. Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
1. the method for constructing the multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set of the sudden heterogeneous passenger flow can cope with the uncertainty of multiple angles of actual conditions under the sudden event, and has practicability and feasibility, wherein the uncertainty comprises the terminal position of passenger scattering distribution, the number of sudden increase, the number of vehicles for emergency evacuation, traffic infrastructure capable of normal operation, budget of management departments and target balance of the management departments.
2. The method for constructing the multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flows can fully play the function domain advantages of different traffic modes, provide the functions of short-distance flexible bridging, midway efficient transportation and long-distance collaborative transportation, avoid the influence of accidents on the accessibility of a single traffic mode on one hand, and avoid the inefficiency of completing long-distance evacuation of the single traffic mode on the other hand.
3. The multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set construction method for the sudden heterogeneous passenger flow can provide a specific scheduling scheme and an evacuation scheme for meeting the passenger flow demand, provides a plurality of alternative routes for one-ticket linkage for the detained passengers, takes the detained station as an initiating station, avoids urban congestion caused by the self transfer of the passengers, and eliminates the transportation pressure for other inter-city traffic.
4. The multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set construction method for burst heterogeneous passenger flows can obtain a evacuation chain set corresponding to passenger flow personnel with multi-objective balance and a multi-mode vehicle scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation, namely, evacuation schemes with minimum delay under each cost can be provided, various alternative schemes are provided, a manager can balance budget capacity and allow delay to select the most acceptable scheme, and meanwhile, the manager can select a main traffic mode according to the reliability of various traffic modes and exert the advantages of other traffic modes as auxiliary collaboration.
The invention relates to an inter-city ticket purchasing system, a multi-mode carrier system for emergency evacuation and a geographic information system, which saves the time for investigating abnormal passenger flows and spare capacity, saves network topology time, reduces residence time and avoids passenger diffusion.
In order to make the above objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of an embodiment multimode passenger traffic evacuation method;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of hybridization patterns in an example evolutionary algorithm;
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of an embodiment of an inter-city multi-mode passenger transportation emergency evacuation system;
FIG. 4 is a block diagram of an embodiment multi-mode passenger traffic emergency evacuation system;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a multi-mode traffic network in an embodiment network topology module;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of an emergency evacuation base map in an embodiment network topology module;
FIG. 7 is a basic information of each traffic pattern carrier according to an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a topology of an embodiment multi-mode passenger transportation network;
FIG. 9 is a pareto solution set of the library of solutions obtained in the examples;
FIG. 10 is a set of carrier scheduling schemes of the scheme library obtained in the embodiment;
FIG. 11 is a customer flow distribution plan set of the plan library of the embodiment;
fig. 12 and 13 are pseudo code diagrams of embodiments.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
The invention aims to schedule evacuation standby carriers of various traffic modes under the condition of urban traffic emergency, construct an efficient and economical multimode passenger traffic evacuation chain, and provide a passenger flow personnel (passenger) allocation strategy to cope with a fixed number of abnormal passenger flows. The method is applied to the known capacity of the supply side, the traffic network and the abnormal passenger flow of the demand side, and the most economical vehicle scheduling scheme is sought to reduce passenger delay. The invention fully utilizes traffic resources to cope with sudden passenger flow, can cope with unexpected sudden passenger flow which can be held by the palm exactly in total demand, has insufficient transportation capacity in a single traffic mode and dispersed destinations, and provides a flexible and scientific emergency plan.
As a specific implementation mode of the invention, the method for constructing the multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for burst heterogeneous passenger flow comprises the following steps:
s1: and acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information.
Specifically, the passenger flow personnel demand information includes the journey terminal of the passenger flow personnel and the passenger flow personnel number corresponding to each journey terminal.
In popular terms, statistics of passenger demand information is directed to traffic modes in which emergency situations occur, and the statistics include: passenger flow personnel (passenger) detention site location, total passenger flow demand, demand for passenger flow to various destinations, and predicted departure time; the statistical method is as follows: the network ticket purchasing data is derived, and the number of passengers counted by the network ticket purchasing and queuing information is included, and the demand information includes traffic mode, start station, end station, passenger flow and date. And counting only one terminal point of each passenger, comparing the identity card information, and deleting the repeated data.
The traffic emergency resource information comprises a multi-mode communication corridor and a traffic junction which can normally run to each journey terminal, the number of multi-mode vehicles used for emergency evacuation, the running cost and depreciation cost corresponding to the multi-mode vehicles, the running time corresponding to the multi-mode vehicles and the transfer walking distance of traffic junction sites.
In popular terms, the statistics of the number of the multi-mode carriers is aimed at idle carriers of various traffic modes in the urban mass, and the statistics includes: station, number of carriers, unit carrier capacity, total carrier capacity; the statistical method is as follows: and reporting each traffic site in the city group so as to facilitate uniform scheduling. The inter-city traffic mode in the invention comprises passenger buses, common railways, high-speed railways, motor cars and aviation. After the emergency situation occurs in the traffic mode, the idle vehicles of all traffic modes in the urban mass are considered as spare vehicles for evacuation, and the traffic infrastructure with perfect functions in the urban mass is considered for evacuation transportation.
The running direction of the carrier is from the starting point to the end point. The invention aims at the situation that the total capacity of the standby carrier meets the total capacity of the passenger flow requirement, and the passenger flow requirement in a period of time can be evacuated once. The passenger flow demand accumulated in the next period uses the method of the invention, and the idle carrier is utilized to plan the route of the next evacuation.
The multimode communication corridor and the transportation hub comprise an urban road network, a highway network, a railway network, a high-speed railway network and an airport connection. The multimode networks are independent of each other and form intersections only at junction sites. The carriers of various modes run unidirectionally in the communication network to which the passengers are allowed to transfer at the junction station.
The corresponding running cost of the multimode carrier comprises: various traffic vehicles run a cost per unit time or per unit distance for fuel. Fuel cost is a variable, and is related to the traffic mode, travel time and full load rate, and represents the cost for fuel per unit time of travel in a certain traffic mode.
The depreciation cost corresponding to the multimode carrier comprises: various traffic vehicles can be expected to be depreciated in a single trip. The depreciation cost is a fixed value, is related to the traffic mode and represents the maintenance cost estimated at one time when a certain traffic mode goes out.
The transfer walking distance of the transportation junction station comprises: transfer distance between stations of different traffic modes at each traffic hub station.
The sudden heterogeneous passenger flow in the invention comprises the conditions that the urban demand is increased rapidly in a short time and exceeds the urban transport capacity in the preset urban traffic, so that passengers are detained at urban traffic stations in and around the city, and the conditions comprise spring transportation and rural reworking, national large-scale activity ending or legal holiday urban group internal delivery; another aspect includes the occurrence of abnormal situations where normal passenger flow demands cannot be met due to one or more of inter-urban traffic service interruption caused by traffic infrastructure damage or vehicle failure, including disruption of traffic network structures such as natural disasters or vehicle failure, etc.
The sudden heterogeneous passenger flow demand of the invention adopts the standby evacuation carriers to carry out collective evacuation without considering the evacuation mode, station and time selected by passengers.
S2: and inputting passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and outputting a multi-objective balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to passenger flow personnel and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation by the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model to obtain a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flow.
The multi-modal collaborative evacuation protocol set includes: 1) The pareto solution set with minimum cost and minimum delay is a scheme set; 2) In each scheme, the driving routes of various traffic modes and the number of vehicles in each route; 3) In each scheme, passenger flow personnel (passenger) allocation schemes under the multi-mode collaborative path planning are adopted.
The evacuation route of the invention is composed of a multi-mode passenger transport evacuation chain connecting a starting city and a terminal city. The evacuation starting point is an urban inter-city traffic site where abnormal passenger flows occur, and the end point is an inter-city traffic site of a passenger flow end point city. The invention aims at planning the city group level, is used for planning evacuation lines among cities, and adopts a flexible and efficient transportation mode to connect all stations in the cities.
The invention provides the lowest delay scheme of each feasible cost, and simultaneously provides the scheme for achieving the lowest cost scheme of a certain delay.
In the invention, the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the model is a road section driving time model; />Is a transfer time model; />A carrier operation cost model; c is the total evacuation cost of the multimode carrier; />The model is a road section driving time model; d is total delay of passenger flow personnel; m, m 1 And m 2 For different traffic modes, m and m 1 And m 2 E, M is a traffic pattern set of multimode vehicles for emergency evacuation, m= { bus, train, high-speed rail, motor car, aircraft }; i and j are transportation hub sites, i and j epsilon N, N are transportation hub site sets connected by multi-mode communication corridor; n (N) t Is a traffic hub collection; />A vector formed by stations included in the p-th route of the traffic pattern m;for the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; />For traffic pattern m in route->The depreciation cost corresponding to each carrier is used for going out once; />The number of passenger flow personnel taking the traffic mode m from the traffic hub site i to the traffic hub site j;traffic pattern m for a passenger at junction station i 1 Change to traffic pattern m 2 Passenger number of people; />The total amount of standby carriers in the traffic mode m; cp (cp) m The capacity of the unit carrier is the traffic mode m; q od The passenger flow requirement is that the travel starting point is o and the travel ending point is d; />The number of transport personnel with the travel starting point of o; />The number of passenger flow personnel with the end of the journey being d; />The number of vehicles traveling on route p from junction site i to junction site j for traffic pattern m;for the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; s is a node set of an emergency evacuation base map, S= { S 1 ,s 2 ,…}，Sum s 2 = (c 2, j, m, up/down) is the node of the emergency evacuation base map, c1 and c2 are city numbers, up/down is the upload/download vehicle; />As the conversion parameters of the emergency evacuation foundation base map and the multimode dependent topology network, when the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j are connected s 1 s 2 Taking 1 when in loading, otherwise taking 0; />For the switching parameters of the route and the section of the vehicle, the route of the traffic pattern m is +.>And 1 is taken when passing through the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j, otherwise, 0 is taken.
In the invention, the road section driving time model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for node s 1 To node s 2 Schedule time of riding traffic pattern m; />The schedule travel time for the p-th route of traffic pattern m is employed for traffic pivot station i to traffic hub station j.
In the invention, the transfer time model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the timing starting from the journey start o, the passenger is along the route +.>Actual run time to traffic hub site i, +.>For the carrier along the route->The actual operating time from the trip start o to the traffic hub station i, i.e. the sum of the actual operating time and the stopping time,/->For the stop time of the junction station i, +.>Actual time for passenger getting on/off for transportation hub station i +.> To transfer walking time, L it For transfer walking distance of traffic hub site i, < ->Representing that only passenger personnel arriving first are allowed to transfer to the carrier arriving later, and passenger personnel arriving after waiting by the carrier arriving first are not allowed; Γ is infinity.
In the invention, the carrier operation cost model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the running cost of the carrier is a unit time unit.
As a preferred embodiment of the invention, after passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information are input into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, a multi-objective balanced passenger flow personnel corresponding evacuation chain set and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation are solved and output by utilizing a revealing algorithm.
In this embodiment, the calculation flow of the revealing Algorithm is a double-layer hybrid Algorithm, the pseudo code of the inner ant colony Algorithm is shown as Algorithm 1 in fig. 12, the pseudo code of the outer evolution Algorithm is shown as Algorithm 2 in fig. 13, and the model solving flow is shown as fig. 1.
Node migration probability of ant colony algorithmThe method comprises the following steps:
wherein, the liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal display device,to connect S 1 S 2 A pheromone of (1), an initial value of 1; />To connect S 1 S 2 Side rights of->The model of (2) is:
the hybridization principle of the evolutionary algorithm is shown in FIG. 2.
In the embodiment, according to the acquired passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information, topology modeling is carried out on traffic networks of various traffic modes between a passenger detention station and a destination city, and a multi-mode dependent topology network is utilized to re-plan an evacuation alternative route to be used as a post-disaster emergency evacuation base map.
The topology modeling method comprises the following steps: the city site is used as a node, the inter-city connected traffic infrastructure is used as a connecting edge, a single-layer network is formed by each traffic mode, a virtual connecting edge is added to the traffic hub site, and the nodes of multiple traffic modes which can be transferred are communicated to form a multi-mode dependent topology network.
The evacuation alternative route construction method comprises the following steps:
(1) the nodes of the multimode dependent topology network are numbered. The nodes of the multimode dependent topology network represent traffic stations, and the numbers of the traffic hub stations in different single-layer networks are the same.
(2) And establishing nodes of the emergency evacuation foundation base map. (c, i, m, 1/0) represents a node, and the node contains information of city number c, station number i, traffic pattern m, on/off (1/0). Start and end point number (c, 0). The traffic mode m is a traffic mode which can be used for evacuation, such as passenger buses (B), ordinary railways (R), motor vehicles (D), high-speed railways (H) and airplanes (A).
First class nodes (c, i, m, 1): indicating a transition from the waiting state to the get-on state for: 1) The origin city selects traffic tools to leave, for example, the origin city is marked with the number O, the railway station number of the city is 1, the passenger station number is 2, the node from which the train leaves is selected as (O, 1, R, 1), and the node from which the passenger bus leaves is selected as (O, 2, B, 1); 2) Transportation junction transfer, for example, the city number of transportation junction is T, the transportation junction number is 3, the junction has passenger buses and high-speed rails passing through, the nodes of the passenger buses are (T, 3, B, 1), and the nodes of the high-speed rails are (T, 3, H, 1).
Second class nodes (c, i, m, 0): indicating a transition from the carry state to the get-off state for: 1) To the destination, for example, the destination city number is D, the city train number is 4, the passenger station number is 5, the high-speed rail station number is 6, the nodes reached by the train are (D, 4, r, 0), the nodes reached by the bus are (D, 5, b, 0), and the nodes reached by the high-speed rail are (D, 6, h, 0); 2) The transportation terminal is ready for transfer when getting off, for example, the city number of the transportation terminal is T, the number of the transportation terminal is 3, the transportation terminal has passenger buses and high-speed rails passing through, the nodes reached by the passenger buses are (T, 3, B, 0), and the nodes reached by the passenger buses are (T, 3, H, 0).
(3) And establishing connection of the emergency evacuation foundation base map, wherein the connection is directed connection.
The first type of connection represents a physical road segment where two cities are connected by a traffic infrastructure. The connection starting point is a first class node, the connection ending point is a second class node, and the traffic mode m of the ending point is consistent with the starting point.
The second type of connection represents a virtual connection for passengers to go/arrive inside a city or to walk around inside a transportation hub. The connection starting point is a second type node, the connection ending point is a first type node, and the traffic modes m of the starting point and the ending point of the transfer connection are different.
(4) The emergency evacuation base pattern is renumbered (S1, S2 … … Sn).
The road section running time model is constructed for the first type of connection, the initial value is the accumulation of running time in a road section running schedule between the starting point and the ending point, and the actual running time is related to the full load rate.
The transfer time model is constructed for the second type of connection, and the transfer time comprises transfer walking time and waiting time. The transfer walking time is related to the transfer walking distance of the traffic junction station.
The carrier operating cost model is built for the first type of connection.
In this embodiment, passenger demand information and traffic emergency resource information are acquired from an inter-city ticket purchasing database, a multi-mode vehicle database for emergency evacuation, and a geographic information database.
The invention discloses a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set construction device for burst heterogeneous passenger flows, which comprises the following steps:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information; the passenger flow personnel demand information comprises the journey terminal points of the passenger flow personnel and the passenger flow personnel quantity corresponding to each journey terminal point; the traffic emergency resource information comprises a normal running multimode communication corridor and a traffic junction leading to each travel end point, the number of multimode carriers for emergency evacuation, the running cost and depreciation cost corresponding to the multimode carriers, the running time corresponding to the multimode carriers and the transfer walking distance of the traffic junction station;
the multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set output module is used for inputting passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information into the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model outputs a multi-target balanced passenger flow personnel corresponding evacuation chain set and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation, so that the multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set of sudden heterogeneous passenger flows is obtained.
In this embodiment, the data acquisition module includes a route map module, and the route map module is built based on a geographic information system, and has the functions of summarizing the damaged condition of the urban mass transit network structure and the complete infrastructure of various traffic modes.
The traffic network damage condition is based on a complete multi-mode traffic network diagram, stations where passengers stay are fault stations, and all inter-city traffic stations in the city are evacuation starting points; the road segment where the route service disruption occurs is a faulty road segment, and the connection is removed from the complete multi-mode traffic network and considered as disconnected. The route map module builds a multi-mode traffic network structure affected by faults and is compatible with a general GIS data format. It consists of necessary route information, site information, and fault area information. Wherein the city where the stay site is located is defined as an evacuation origin, and the faulty road section is removed from the original multi-mode passenger transport network; road segment information available for evacuation may include, but is not limited to: the availability times of the railway sections and airport airlines, the smoothness of the road network, and the station information available for transfer may include, but is not limited to: the number of transfer persons is limited. And a traffic mode of transfer. The module is used for planning carrier lines, dispatching evacuation carriers and distributing passenger flows to the evacuation lines.
The complete infrastructure of various traffic modes comprises capacity limitation of traffic hubs of cities inside an urban group, allocation of inter-urban tracks, adjustment of airport routes and smoothness of a highway network after emergency.
After the emergency is counted, the affected sites and road sections are determined, the evacuation starting point and the infrastructure for the evacuation vehicles to run are determined, and the connectivity between the sites among cities is reflected so as to plan a route.
As an embodiment of the present invention, the system further includes a network topology module, wherein the network topology module converts the multimode traffic network map in an emergency into a multi-layer network map of different traffic modes, and converts the multi-layer network map into a basic map of emergency evacuation. The network topology module is used for determining the connection relation between stations based on geographic information of the inter-city multi-mode passenger traffic network, determining evacuation starting points and transfer stations and converting the geographic information into a connection relation. The multi-mode traffic network shown in fig. 5 mainly contains information of traffic sites of each city, traffic lines connecting cities, and traffic modes of traffic hubs for transfer. The emergency evacuation base map shown in fig. 6 shows a traffic route from a starting point to a destination point of passenger flow, and the traffic route comprises virtual connection of boarding, transfer and alighting and actual connection of transportation. Each route can comprise road sections with various traffic modes, passenger flows reach the final point from the starting point through transfer, and the various traffic modes are cooperatively transported to form an evacuation chain.
The multi-layer network diagram of different traffic modes is composed of a single-layer network, each traffic mode operates in an independent one-layer network, and connection is composed of changeable traffic hub nodes. The nodes of the single-layer network are traffic stations and are connected into road sections, tracks or airlines.
As an embodiment of the present invention, a multi-mode traffic scheduling scheme and a passenger evacuation chain allocation scheme are searched iteratively, and all possible schemes are stored, keeping a pareto solution set with minimum delay and minimum cost. The multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set output module outputs a double-target pareto solution set, and each group of solutions corresponds to a carrier scheduling scheme and a passenger flow distribution scheme. The double-target pareto solution set is represented by a table and a scatter diagram, the carrier scheduling scheme should display the evacuation carrier departure station and the number of carriers required by the station, and the passenger flow distribution scheme should recommend the passenger distribution scheme under the multi-mode collaborative path planning.
Inputting passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and outputting a multi-target balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to passenger flow personnel and a scheduling scheme set of a multi-mode carrier for emergency evacuation by the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, wherein the scheme comprises the following steps of: the passenger delay and evacuation expense, the running line of the carrier, the stop time of the station, the passenger evacuation chains and the passenger flow limit of each evacuation chain of the scheme. And according to passenger flow personnel requirement information and traffic emergency resource information serving as limiting conditions, ensuring that all the detained passengers reach corresponding terminals, and ensuring that the carriers do not exceed the total standby amount.
The embodiment of the invention adopts the estimated time, train schedule and airplane flight schedule of map software as the running time between stations, and adopts an industry investigation method to obtain fuel cost and depreciation cost. And counting the blocked passenger flow in the emergency, and counting the passenger flow to be started and the terminal point thereof in a unit time period by taking the departure time as a unit. The number of standby vehicles in emergency is reported and summarized by traffic hubs around the accident place, and the number of vehicles and sites are counted.
The invention provides decision maker with a solution set which can be weighted and selected with minimum delay and minimum cost under special passenger flow requirement and standby capacity conditions, and the decision maker can select a scheme according to budget conditions. After decision maker makes decision, it is provided with carrier scheduling and passenger flow evacuation scheme of this scheme for implementing emergency evacuation.
Examples
As shown in fig. 4, the system of the present invention includes, but is not limited to, two programs: statistical procedures and decision procedures. The statistical program is used for defining passenger flow requirements after emergency situations occur and carrying and infrastructure conditions for emergency evacuation; after the decision program is used for defining the abnormal passenger flow supply and demand conditions, the optimal scheme set is proposed by adopting the model and algorithm disclosed by the invention so as to assist the decision by the geographic information system. The system comprises: an application layer, a service layer, a kernel layer and a data layer. The business layer is mainly and definitely divided into work and tasks, the kernel layer is a built-in or related system and function of the system, and the data layer is a basic information database of the system for coping with emergency.
By taking the emergency situation of the multi-mode passenger transportation corridor of Beijing, which is the handy in the Beijing Ji city group, the process and the result of the invention for providing a dispatching and evacuating scheme for emergency evacuation are shown. Assuming that the high-speed railway line of Handan-Xing Taiduan fails, the passenger stays at the east station of the Handan.
It is counted that there is a high-speed rail train blocked during this period, 2000 people need to be evacuated, the high-speed rail train stop station comprising: the passenger flow demands of the stations are 236, 467, 259 and 1038 respectively. The standby carrier conditions are: section 20 of rail cars of the station of Handrail, section 20 of bus of the station of Handrail, section 10 of high-speed rail cars of the station of Caschen taidong, section 10 of motor cars of the station of Hedyotion, section 1 of airports of Handover and 1 of airports of Zhengai. The basic information of carrier transportation is shown in fig. 7.
And if the high-speed rail line of Handrail-Xing Taiduan fails, removing connection of the Handrail-chen station in the high-speed rail network, and taking the handrail station as an evacuation starting point if a passenger stays at the handrail station. A multi-mode passenger traffic topology network is shown in fig. 8, in which the schedule time for each connection is marked in the figure.
According to the calculation of the model algorithm of the invention, the obtained target function pareto solution set is shown in fig. 9, the carrier scheduling scheme is shown in fig. 10, and the passenger flow distribution scheme is shown in fig. 11.
The manager may choose an acceptable passenger total delay and evacuation fare scheme based on the budget requirement according to the set of schemes illustrated in fig. 9. After a specific scheme is selected, a corresponding carrier scheduling scheme can be found from fig. 10, and passenger traffic lines can be planned. Finally, a ticket link route is quantitatively provided for the passengers according to the passenger allocation information of fig. 11.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only specific embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited thereto, and that the present invention is described in detail with reference to the foregoing examples: any person skilled in the art may modify or easily conceive of the technical solution described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent substitution of some of the technical features, while remaining within the technical scope of the present disclosure; such modifications, changes or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and are intended to be included in the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.

Claims (4)

1. The method for constructing the multi-type collaborative evacuation scheme set for burst heterogeneous passenger flows is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information; the passenger flow personnel demand information comprises the journey terminal points of the passenger flow personnel and the passenger flow personnel quantity corresponding to each journey terminal point; the traffic emergency resource information comprises a normal running multimode communication corridor and a traffic junction leading to each travel end point, the number of multimode vehicles used for emergency evacuation, running cost and depreciation cost corresponding to the multimode vehicles, running time corresponding to the multimode vehicles and transfer walking distance of traffic junction stations;
inputting the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and outputting a multi-objective balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to the passenger flow personnel and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation by the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model to obtain a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set of sudden heterogeneous passenger flow;
the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the model is a road section driving time model; />Is a transfer time model; />A carrier operation cost model; c is the total evacuation cost of the multimode carrier; d is total delay of passenger flow personnel; m, m 1 And m 2 For different traffic modes, m and m 1 And m 2 E, M is a traffic pattern set of multimode vehicles for emergency evacuation, m= { bus, train, high-speed rail, motor car, aircraft }; i and j are transportation hub sites, i and j epsilon N, N are transportation hub site sets connected by multi-mode communication corridor; n (N) t Is a traffic hub collection; />A vector formed by stations included in the p-th route of the traffic pattern m; />For the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; />For traffic pattern m in route->The depreciation cost corresponding to each carrier is used for going out once; />The number of passenger flow personnel taking the traffic mode M from the traffic hub site i to the traffic hub site j; />Traffic pattern m for a passenger at junction station i 1 Change to traffic pattern m 2 Passenger number of people; />The total amount of standby carriers in the traffic mode m; cp (cp) m The capacity of the unit carrier is the traffic mode m; q od The passenger flow requirement is that the travel starting point is o and the travel ending point is d; />The number of transport personnel with the travel starting point of o; />The number of passenger flow personnel with the end of the journey being d; />The number of vehicles traveling on route p from junction site i to junction site j for traffic pattern m; />For the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; s is a node set of an emergency evacuation base map, S= { S 1 ,s 2 ,…}，/>Sum s 2 = (c 2, j, m, up/down) is the node of the emergency evacuation base map, c1 and c2 are city numbers, up/down is the upload/download vehicle; />As the conversion parameters of the emergency evacuation foundation base map and the multimode dependent topology network, when the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j are connected s 1 s 2 Taking 1 when in loading, otherwise taking 0; />For the switching parameters of the route and the section of the vehicle, the route of the traffic pattern m is +.>Taking 1 when passing through the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j, otherwise taking 0;
the road section driving time model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for node s 1 To node s 2 Schedule time of riding traffic pattern m; />Adopting the time table driving time of the p-th route of the traffic mode m for the traffic hub site i to the traffic hub site j;
the transfer time model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the timing starting from the journey start o, the passenger is along the route +.>Actual run time to traffic hub site i, +.>For the carrier along the route->The actual travel time from the trip start o to the traffic hub station i, i.e. the sum of the actual travel time and the parking time, +.>For the stop time of the junction station i, +.>Actual time for passenger getting on/off for transportation hub station i +.> To transfer walking time, L it For transfer walking distance of traffic hub site i, < ->Representing that only passenger personnel arriving first are allowed to transfer to the carrier arriving later, and passenger personnel arriving after waiting by the carrier arriving first are not allowed; Γ is infinity;
the carrier operation cost model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the running cost of the carrier is a unit time unit.
2. The method for constructing the multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flows according to claim 1, wherein after the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information are input into a vehicle dispatching and passenger flow distribution model, a revealing algorithm is utilized to solve and output the evacuation chain set corresponding to the passenger flow personnel with multi-objective balance and the dispatching scheme set of the multi-mode vehicle for emergency evacuation.
3. The method for constructing a multi-mode collaborative evacuation scheme set for sudden heterogeneous passenger flows according to claim 1, wherein passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information are acquired from an inter-city ticket purchasing database, a multi-mode carrier database for emergency evacuation and a geographic information database.
4. The utility model provides a heterogeneous passenger flow's of burst multi-mode cooperation evacuation scheme collection construction device which characterized in that includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring passenger flow personnel demand information and traffic emergency resource information; the passenger flow personnel demand information comprises the journey terminal points of the passenger flow personnel and the passenger flow personnel quantity corresponding to each journey terminal point; the traffic emergency resource information comprises a normal running multimode communication corridor and a traffic junction leading to each travel end point, the number of multimode vehicles used for emergency evacuation, running cost and depreciation cost corresponding to the multimode vehicles, running time corresponding to the multimode vehicles and transfer walking distance of traffic junction stations;
the multi-mode cooperative evacuation scheme set output module is used for inputting the passenger flow personnel demand information and the traffic emergency resource information into a carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model, and the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model outputs a multi-target balanced evacuation chain set corresponding to the passenger flow personnel and a multi-mode carrier scheduling scheme set for emergency evacuation, so that a multi-mode cooperative evacuation scheme set of sudden heterogeneous passenger flows is obtained;
the carrier scheduling and passenger flow distribution model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the model is a road section driving time model; />Is a transfer time model; />A carrier operation cost model; c is the total evacuation cost of the multimode carrier; d is total delay of passenger flow personnel; m, m 1 And m 2 Is in different traffic modes, m,
m 1 And m 2 E, M is a traffic pattern set of multimode vehicles for emergency evacuation, m= { bus, train, high-speed rail, motor car, aircraft }; i and j are transportation hub sites, i and j epsilon N, N are transportation hub site sets connected by multi-mode communication corridor; n (N) t Is a traffic hub collection;a vector formed by stations included in the p-th route of the traffic pattern m; />For the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; />For traffic pattern m in route->The depreciation cost corresponding to each carrier is used for going out once; />Traffic for traffic from junction site i to junction site jThe number of people in the passenger flow in the through mode m; />Traffic pattern m for a passenger at junction station i 1 Change to traffic pattern m 2 Passenger number of people; />The total amount of standby carriers in the traffic mode m; cp (cp) m The capacity of the unit carrier is the traffic mode m; q od The passenger flow requirement is that the travel starting point is o and the travel ending point is d; />The number of transport personnel with the travel starting point of o; />The number of passenger flow personnel with the end of the journey being d; />The number of vehicles traveling on route p from junction site i to junction site j for traffic pattern m; />For the way->The number of carriers driving upwards; s is a node set of an emergency evacuation base map, S= { S 1 ,s 2 ,…}，/>Sum s 2 = (C2, j, m, up/down) is a node of the emergency evacuation base map, C1 and C2 are city numbers, up/down is an upload/download tool;as the conversion parameters of the emergency evacuation foundation base map and the multimode dependent topology network, when the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j are connected s 1 s 2 Taking 1 when in loading, otherwise taking 0; />For the switching parameters of the route and the section of the vehicle, the route of the traffic pattern m is +.>Taking 1 when passing through the traffic hub site i and the traffic hub site j, otherwise taking 0;
the road section driving time model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for node s 1 To node s 2 Schedule time of riding traffic pattern m; />Adopting the time table driving time of the p-th route of the traffic mode m for the traffic hub site i to the traffic hub site j;
the transfer time model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,for the timing starting from the journey start o, the passenger is along the route +.>Actual run time to traffic hub site i, +.>For the carrier along the route->The actual travel time from the trip start o to the traffic hub station i, i.e. the sum of the actual travel time and the parking time, +.>For the stop time of the junction station i, +.>Actual time for passenger getting on/off for transportation hub station i +.> For transfer of walking time, +.>For transfer walking distance of traffic hub site i, < ->Representing that only passenger personnel arriving first are allowed to transfer to the carrier arriving later, and passenger personnel arriving after waiting by the carrier arriving first are not allowed; Γ is infinity;
the carrier operation cost model is as follows:
in the method, in the process of the invention,the running cost of the carrier is a unit time unit.
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