CN113293366A - Ni3Preparation method of Al coating - Google Patents

Ni3Preparation method of Al coating Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113293366A
CN113293366A CN202110591408.0A CN202110591408A CN113293366A CN 113293366 A CN113293366 A CN 113293366A CN 202110591408 A CN202110591408 A CN 202110591408A CN 113293366 A CN113293366 A CN 113293366A
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China
Prior art keywords
powder
coating
spraying
base material
preparation
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CN202110591408.0A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
刘志凯
揭晓华
沈耿哲
张留艳
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Guangdong University of Technology
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Priority to CN202110591408.0A priority Critical patent/CN113293366A/en
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
    • C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
    • C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
    • C23C24/082—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat without intermediate formation of a liquid in the layer
    • C23C24/085—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/02—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working in inert or controlled atmosphere or vacuum
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/10—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of nickel or cobalt or alloys based thereon
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
    • C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
    • C23F17/00—Multi-step processes for surface treatment of metallic material involving at least one process provided for in class C23 and at least one process covered by subclass C21D or C22F or class C25

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Coating By Spraying Or Casting (AREA)

Abstract

The invention provides Ni3Compared with a thermal spraying method, the preparation method of the Al coating has the advantages that the coating density of the coating prepared by the method is higher, the oxidation phenomenon is avoided, and the wear-resistant and oxidation-resistant requirements under the high-temperature service condition can be met. Compared with a physical vapor deposition method, the coating prepared by the method has the advantage of wide coating thickness range, and compared with a codeposition Ni-Al heating treatment method, the preparation method provided by the invention overcomes the defects of complex codeposition process and high porosity, and the coating Ni prepared by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages of high porosity3High Al content, good process reproducibility, wide range of base materials, and can be sprayed on most metal surfaces.

Description

Ni3Preparation method of Al coating
Technical Field
The invention relates to Ni3A preparation method of the Al coating.
Background
Ni3Al is a typical intermetallic compound, and the metal bond and the covalent bond coexist in the crystal structure of the Al and the covalent bond simultaneously have gold under the high-temperature conditionThe ceramic material belongs to toughness and high-temperature performance of ceramic, so the ceramic material has great development potential and application prospect, and is widely concerned by the industry, but the defect is that the ceramic material is difficult to form and process due to high room temperature brittleness, and the biggest obstacle restricting the engineering application is achieved at present. Therefore, one would prepare Ni by3Al intermetallic coating to overcome Ni3Brittleness of Al bulk material. At present, it is used for preparing Ni3The Al coating method comprises the following steps:
1) adopts a magnetron sputtering method,
Yuquan Ding et Al at Windsor university of Canada prepared Ni-Al intermetallic compound coating by physical vapor deposition, and chapter et Al at Huaiyin institute of Industrial science prepared Ni by radio frequency magnetron sputtering3Al coating, preparation of Ni by physical vapor deposition3The principle of the Al coating is that pure aluminum and pure nickel are condensed on the surface of a material after being vaporized, and pure aluminum and pure nickel molecules generate a physical and chemical reaction to generate Ni in the process of condensing the gas state into the solid state on the surface of a workpiece3The preparation process of the Al coating needs a high vacuum environment, so that the preparation equipment is expensive, and the coating is thin (generally not more than 5 microns) and is not suitable for service occasions needing thicker coatings.
2) Thermal spraying method
Ni is prepared by plasma spraying technology in the China academy of sciences Process engineering institute, civilization and the like3The Al composite coating, and the organization structure, the bonding strength, the thermal shock performance and the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the coating are studied in detail. The results show that because the Ni powder and the Al powder are fully contacted, Ni is generated by complete reaction in the spraying process3Al intermediate phase and release a lot of heat. The plasma spraying method is that high temperature plasma flame flow produced by argon ionization is utilized to heat Ni and Al powder to a molten state, the molten state is sprayed to the surface of a material at a high speed, and the two kinds of metal powder react at a high temperature to generate Ni3Al intermetallic compound, heat generated in reaction process to Ni3The generation of Al has certain auxiliary effect. The method has the disadvantages that the heating time of Ni and Al powder in plasma flame flow is short, the condensation process of the coating is short, the phenomenon of insufficient reaction exists, in addition, the oxidation and the relatively high porosity exist in the coating。
3) Electrodeposition-heat treatment process
In China, Ni and Al particles (with the average particle size of 1um) are co-electrodeposited, and then vacuum annealing is carried out for 2 hours at 600 ℃, so that common coarse-crystal Ni is subjected to vacuum annealing3Ni with the average grain size of 450nm and the porosity of 6% is prepared on the Al alloy3The Al coating is pretreated by adopting a codeposition method, the codeposition has the characteristic of more complex process control, and in addition, the porosity of the coating is higher and is not suitable for the requirement of the service environment with the porosity requirement of less than 6 percent.
Disclosure of Invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a Ni3A preparation method of the Al coating.
In order to realize the purpose, the technical scheme is as follows: ni3A preparation method of the Al coating comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing Ni powder, Al powder and Al2O3Mixing the powder to obtain mixed powder;
(2) spraying the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) on the surface of a base material by adopting a low-pressure cold spraying method to form Ni-Al on the surface of the base material2O3Mixing the coating;
(3) the Ni-Al obtained in the step (2)2O3The mixed coating is subjected to heat treatment in the inert gas protective atmosphere to obtain Ni3And (4) coating Al.
Preferably, the atomic ratio of the Ni powder to the Al powder in the step (1) is 3: 1.
preferably, Al in said step (1)2O3The amount is 1% of the total weight of Ni powder and Al powder.
Preferably, in the step (1), the particle size of the Ni powder is 30-60 μm, the particle size of the Al powder is 40-50 μm, and the Al powder is2O3The particle size of the powder was 25 μm.
Preferably, the process parameters of the low-pressure cold spraying method in the step (2) are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the base material is 10mm, the moving speed of the nozzle is 300mm/min, the temperature of spraying gas is 500-600 ℃, the powder supply rate is 0.5g/s, the spraying angle is 90 degrees, the working air pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the air temperature is 600 ℃.
Preferably, the base material in the step (2) is metal.
Preferably, the matrix material in the step (2) is carbon steel. More preferably, the base material in the step (2) is 45 steel.
Preferably, the temperature of the heat treatment in the step (3) is 490-510 ℃, and the time of the heat treatment is 8-12 hours.
Preferably, the inert gas atmosphere in the step (3) is an argon atmosphere.
The invention provides Ni3Al coating of said Ni3The Al coating is prepared by the preparation method.
Has the advantages that:
compared with a thermal spraying method, the coating prepared by the method has higher density, does not have oxidation phenomenon, and can meet the requirements of wear resistance and oxidation resistance under high-temperature service conditions. Compared with a physical vapor deposition method, the coating prepared by the method has the advantage of wide coating thickness range. Compared with a codeposition Ni-Al heating treatment method, the preparation method provided by the invention overcomes the defects of complex codeposition process and high porosity. Coating Ni prepared by the method of the invention3High Al content, good process reproducibility, wide range of base materials, and can be sprayed on most metal surfaces.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a photograph of a cross-section of a coating prepared according to the present invention.
Figure 2 is an XRD pattern of the coating prepared by the present invention.
Detailed Description
To better illustrate the objects, aspects and advantages of the present invention, the present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
The cold spraying equipment is a DYME supersonic speed low-pressure cold air power spraying machine with model number 423, and the base material used for spraying is 45 steel. Ni3Al coating preparation processThe method comprises the following steps:
first, 45 steel needs to be pretreated before cold spraying. Firstly, cutting a 45 steel plate into square samples with the size of 20mm multiplied by 4mm, polishing the square samples by 800-mesh abrasive paper, putting the square samples into acetone for ultrasonic cleaning for 15min, washing the square samples by alcohol, drying the square samples by cold air, and removing impurities such as oil stains, oxides and the like on the surface.
② Ni powder, Al powder and Al powder for cold spraying2O3Drying the powder in a drying oven at 70 deg.C for 1 hr to remove water. And then crushing the agglomerated powder to avoid poor flowability caused by agglomeration of the powder in the cold spraying process. And fixing the 45 steel substrate on a vice table of a spraying chamber.
Thirdly, setting spraying process parameters on a control panel of the DYME supersonic speed low-pressure cold air power sprayer: the spray gun moves in a bow-shaped manner. The distance between the nozzle and the surface of the base material is 10mm, the moving speed of the nozzle is 300mm/min, the temperature of spraying gas is 600 ℃, the powder supply rate is 0.5g/s, the spraying angle is 90 degrees, the working air pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the air temperature is 600 ℃. Ni powder, Al powder and Al powder are sprayed by a DYME supersonic speed low-pressure cold gas power sprayer2O3Spraying the mixed powder onto the surface of a 45 steel matrix, wherein the atomic ratio of Ni powder to Al powder is 3: 1, Al2O3The amount is 1% of the total weight of Ni powder and Al powder. .
Fourthly, thermal treatment after spraying, putting the sample into a tubular electric furnace, carrying out thermal treatment for 12 hours at 500 ℃ in the protective atmosphere of high-purity argon to fully react, cooling to room temperature along with the furnace, taking out the sample to obtain the Ni3And (4) coating Al.
The thickness of the coating prepared by the steps is 170-180 mu m (micrometer): the average hardness of the coating is 255HV0.2The wear amount under sliding wear conditions is one sixth of that of 45 steel, which is a base material.
Adding a small amount of Al2O3The purpose of (1) is to increase the fluidity of the powder in cold spraying, and Al2O3The powder has high hardness, and has certain compaction effect on relatively soft Ni powder and Al powder in the coating forming process, so that the coating is more compact. The sprayed samplePutting the (or workpiece) into a tube furnace with argon protection for heating and heat preservation at 500 +/-10 ℃ for 8-12 hours to obtain the Ni-based alloy3The Al is an intermetallic compound coating with a main phase, the structure of the coating is shown in figure 1, and the X-ray diffraction analysis of the coating shows that the main phase Ni of the coating3Al, as shown in FIG. 2, wherein Ni3The formation mechanism of the Al phase is chemical transformation of 3Ni + Al → Ni under the combined action of heat diffusion of heat preservation at 500 +/-10 ℃ and deformation energy generated by metal powder during cold spraying3Al。
Example 2
The steps of the first step and the second step are the same as the steps of the first step and the second step of the embodiment 1,
step III, setting the air temperature to 500 ℃, and the other operations are the same as the step III of the embodiment
Procedure (iv) same as procedure (iv) of example 1.
The coating prepared by the above steps has a thickness of 165-170 μm (micrometer) and an average hardness of 253HV0.2The reason for the reduction in thickness compared to example 1 is that the spray temperature was reduced from 600 c to 500 c, which affects the deposition rate of the coating.
Example 3
(iii) Steps (i) to (iii) were the same as those of example 1
(iv) setting the temperature of the heat treatment to 490 ℃, the other operations were performed in the same manner as in the step (iv) of example 1
The average hardness of the coating with the thickness of 170-180 mu m (micrometer) prepared by the steps is 238HV0.2The reason for the reduced hardness compared to example 1 is that the holding temperature was reduced from 500 ℃ to 490 ℃ and the Ni in the coating was affected3Amount of Al produced.
Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the protection scope of the present invention, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions can be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. Ni3The preparation method of the Al coating is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing Ni powder, Al powder and Al2O3Mixing the powder to obtain mixed powder;
(2) spraying the mixed powder obtained in the step (1) on the surface of a base material by adopting a low-pressure cold spraying method to form Ni-Al on the surface of the base material2O3Mixing the coating;
(3) the Ni-Al obtained in the step (2)2O3And carrying out heat treatment on the mixed coating in an inert gas protective atmosphere to obtain the Ni3Al coating.
2. The production method according to claim 1, wherein the atomic ratio of the Ni powder to the Al powder in the step (1) is 3: 1.
3. the method according to claim 1, wherein Al in the step (1)2O3The amount of the Ni powder and the Al powder is 1% of the total weight.
4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the Ni powder in the step (1) has a particle size of 30 to 60 μm, the Al powder has a particle size of 40 to 50 μm, and Al is added2O3The particle size of the powder was 25 μm.
5. The preparation method according to claim 1, wherein the process parameters of the low-pressure cold spraying method in the step (2) are as follows: the distance between the nozzle and the surface of the base material is 10mm, the moving speed of the nozzle is 300mm/min, the temperature of spraying gas is 500-600 ℃, the powder supply rate is 0.5g/s, the spraying angle is 90 degrees, the working air pressure is 0.6-0.8 MPa, and the air temperature is 600 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base material in the step (2) is a metal.
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein the base material in the step (2) is carbon steel.
8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the temperature of the heat treatment in the step (3) is 490 to 510 ℃ and the time of the heat treatment is 8 to 12 hours.
9. The method according to claim 1, wherein the inert gas atmosphere in the step (3) is an argon atmosphere.
10. Ni3Al coating, characterized in that said Ni3The Al coating is produced by the production method as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9.
CN202110591408.0A 2021-05-28 2021-05-28 Ni3Preparation method of Al coating Pending CN113293366A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115094410A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-23 无锡市东杨新材料股份有限公司 Method for improving oxidation resistance of nickel plate strip processing
CN116043208A (en) * 2022-12-21 2023-05-02 广东工业大学 Graphene reinforced Ni-Al-based high-temperature antifriction coating, preparation method and application

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110129379A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-06-02 Avio S.P.A. Method for manufacturing massive components made of intermetallic materials
CN108866536A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-23 新余学院 A kind of nanometer crystalline Ni Al/Ni of fabricated in situ3The preparation method of compound coat between Al bimetallic

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20110129379A1 (en) * 2009-11-24 2011-06-02 Avio S.P.A. Method for manufacturing massive components made of intermetallic materials
CN108866536A (en) * 2018-06-26 2018-11-23 新余学院 A kind of nanometer crystalline Ni Al/Ni of fabricated in situ3The preparation method of compound coat between Al bimetallic

Non-Patent Citations (4)

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Title
张艳梅等: "Ni_3Al金属间化合物激光熔覆层的组织与性能", 《金属热处理》 *
谢瑞广等: "冷喷涂制备ZrC改性NiAl粘结层的高温氧化行为", 《材料导报》 *
谢瑞广等: "基于冷喷涂制备ZrC掺杂NiAl热障涂层粘结层", 《表面技术》 *
陈枭等: "TiB_2增强Ni/Al冷喷涂层的组织结构", 《材料热处理学报》 *

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN115094410A (en) * 2022-06-29 2022-09-23 无锡市东杨新材料股份有限公司 Method for improving oxidation resistance of nickel plate strip processing
CN115094410B (en) * 2022-06-29 2023-11-28 无锡市东杨新材料股份有限公司 Method for improving oxidation resistance of nickel plate strip processing
CN116043208A (en) * 2022-12-21 2023-05-02 广东工业大学 Graphene reinforced Ni-Al-based high-temperature antifriction coating, preparation method and application

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