CN113281803A - Optimization method and system for target area of depleted oil and gas reservoir based on seismic exploration - Google Patents
Optimization method and system for target area of depleted oil and gas reservoir based on seismic exploration Download PDFInfo
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- G01V1/00—Seismology; Seismic or acoustic prospecting or detecting
- G01V1/28—Processing seismic data, e.g. for interpretation or for event detection
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and a system for optimizing a target area of a depleted oil-gas reservoir based on seismic exploration, wherein the method comprises the following steps: acquiring three-dimensional seismic data; performing horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery to obtain an earthquake geological structure interpretation scheme; establishing a speed model; carrying out plugging analysis on the fault to obtain plugging data of the fault; performing the tightness analysis of the cover layer to obtain the tightness data of the cover layer; evaluating and analyzing a target area and a well track scheme of the phase storage well through coherent slicing to obtain an initial target area; and selecting the target area in the initial target area according to the optimal parameters to obtain the final target area. The method and the system can visually reflect the tightness of a target gas reservoir cover layer of the gas storage, the plugging performance of a fault, the quality and the connectivity of a reservoir layer, optimally select a target area, effectively solve the problems of the tightness of the fault and the tightness of the cover layer, simultaneously can predict a larger crack system, and provide powerful guarantee for the construction of the gas storage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of geophysical signal interpretation, belongs to the field of geophysical signal interpretation, and particularly relates to a method and a system for optimizing a target area of an exhausted oil-gas reservoir based on seismic exploration.
Background
The underground gas storage is an important and indispensable component in the natural gas industry chain, and the existing natural gas utilization experience and the steady gas supply in Beijing Ji area in recent years fully prove that the underground gas storage is the most effective and reliable peak regulation and storage means.
However, the construction of underground gas storage requires precise implementation of the scale and form of the gas storage, and the construction of the gas storage has several difficulties: 1. the structure is high and steep, and the stratum changes rapidly in the transverse direction; 2. the gas storage layer is thin; 3. complicated stress and fracture development.
The construction of underground gas storage of exhausted oil and gas reservoirs is a relatively new direction, the most basic requirement of the construction of the gas storage is 'injection, installation and acquisition', in the construction process, the selection of a target area is the most basic and the most critical step, the problems of fault closure and cover layer tightness exist, the stability and the gas storage capacity of the gas reservoir cannot be ensured, and meanwhile, in the injection and production drilling process, the situation that a large crack system is not drilled cannot be ensured, and the originally closed gas reservoir can be damaged.
In summary, based on the above mentioned problems of target area selection, a technical scheme for target area selection is urgently needed, which can effectively solve the problems of fault closure and cap layer closure, and can predict a large crack system and guarantee gas storage construction.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems, the invention provides a method and a system for optimizing a target area of a depleted oil and gas reservoir based on seismic exploration, which can visually reflect the sealing property of a target gas reservoir cover layer of the gas reservoir, the blocking property of a fault and the quality and connectivity of the reservoir, optimize the target area, effectively solve the problems of the sealing property of the fault and the sealing property of the cover layer, simultaneously predict a larger crack system and provide a powerful guarantee for the construction of the gas reservoir.
In one embodiment of the invention, a preferred method for a target zone of a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir based on seismic exploration is provided, the method comprising:
acquiring three-dimensional seismic data;
performing horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by using the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
establishing a velocity model through time-depth conversion according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
according to the speed model, carrying out plugging property analysis on the fault to obtain plugging property data of the fault;
performing the closure analysis of the cover layer according to the speed model to obtain the closure data of the cover layer;
according to the three-dimensional seismic data, evaluating and analyzing a target area and a well track scheme of the phase storage well through coherent slicing to obtain an initial target area;
setting optimal parameters according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the plugging data of the fault and the sealing data of the cover layer, and selecting a target area in the initial target area according to the optimal parameters to obtain a final target area.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a preferred system for a target zone of a depleted reservoir based on seismic exploration is also presented, the system comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring three-dimensional seismic data;
the geological structure interpretation module is used for carrying out horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by utilizing the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
the velocity model establishing module is used for establishing a velocity model through time-depth conversion according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
the plugging property analysis module is used for carrying out plugging property analysis on the fault according to the speed model to obtain plugging property data of the fault;
the tightness analysis module is used for carrying out tightness analysis on the cover layer according to the speed model to obtain tightness data of the cover layer;
the evaluation analysis module is used for evaluating and analyzing a target area and a well track scheme of the corresponding storage well through coherent slicing according to the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an initial target area;
and the target area optimizing module is used for setting optimizing parameters according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the plugging data of the fault and the sealing data of the cover layer, and selecting the target area in the initial target area according to the optimizing parameters to obtain the final target area.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is also presented, comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, the processor when executing the computer program implementing a preferred method for a target volume of a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir based on seismic exploration.
In another embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is also presented, having a computer program stored thereon, which when executed by a processor, implements a preferred method for seismic exploration based target volume for depleted reservoirs.
The optimization method and the optimization system of the target zone of the exhausted oil and gas reservoir based on seismic exploration can intuitively reflect the airtightness of the target gas reservoir cover layer of the gas reservoir, the blocking performance of faults and the quality and the connectivity of the reservoir, directly guide the optimization of the target zone, simultaneously ensure that a large crack system is not drilled in an injection and production well by analyzing the crack system, ensure the stability of the gas reservoir and provide technical support for the construction of the gas reservoir.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred method for seismic exploration based depletion reservoir target volume, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2A to 2C are schematic diagrams of a seismic-geological integrated interpretation scheme according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a velocity model diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of fault blocking analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a cap layer seal analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a fracture system analysis in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a preferred system architecture for a target zone of a depleted reservoir based on seismic exploration, in accordance with an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 8 is a schematic structural diagram of a computer device according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The principles and spirit of the present invention will be described with reference to a number of exemplary embodiments. It is understood that these embodiments are given solely for the purpose of enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and to practice the invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention in any way. Rather, these embodiments are provided so that this disclosure will be thorough and complete, and will fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art.
As will be appreciated by one skilled in the art, embodiments of the present invention may be embodied as a system, apparatus, device, method, or computer program product. Accordingly, the present disclosure may be embodied in the form of: entirely hardware, entirely software (including firmware, resident software, micro-code, etc.), or a combination of hardware and software.
According to the embodiment of the invention, a method and a system for optimizing a target area of a depleted hydrocarbon reservoir based on seismic exploration are provided.
The principles and spirit of the present invention are explained in detail below with reference to several representative embodiments of the invention.
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a preferred method for seismic exploration based depletion reservoir target volume, in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention. As shown in fig. 1, the method includes:
step S101, three-dimensional seismic data are obtained;
step S102, using the three-dimensional seismic data to carry out horizon calibration and well drilling geological recovery to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
step S103, establishing a velocity model through time-depth conversion according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
step S104, according to the speed model, carrying out plugging property analysis on the fault to obtain plugging property data of the fault;
step S105, performing the tightness analysis of the cover layer according to the speed model to obtain the tightness data of the cover layer;
step S106, evaluating and analyzing a target area and a well track scheme of the corresponding reservoir well through coherent slicing according to the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an initial target area;
and S107, setting optimal parameters according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the plugging data of the fault and the sealing data of the cover layer, and selecting a target area in the initial target area according to the optimal parameters to obtain a final target area.
For a more clear explanation of the preferred method for the target area of depleted hydrocarbon reservoirs based on seismic exploration, a detailed description is given below with reference to a specific embodiment.
Combining the step S101, wherein the acquired three-dimensional seismic data are high-precision three-dimensional seismic data; in addition, the acquired data also comprises drilling logging information which is used for seismic geological structure interpretation and the like in subsequent steps.
Combining the step S102, utilizing the high-precision three-dimensional seismic data and combining the drilling logging information to carry out accurate horizon calibration and well drilling geological recovery, and implementing a seismic geological comprehensive interpretation scheme; as shown in fig. 2A to 2C, the diagrams are schematic diagrams of exemplary comprehensive seismic-geological interpretation schemes, wherein fig. 2A is an interpretation scheme of a north section of a structure, fig. 2B is an interpretation scheme of a middle section of the structure, fig. 2C is an interpretation scheme of a south section of the structure, and in the diagrams, first, second, third, fourth and fifth are fault numbers respectively.
Combining with the step S103, establishing an accurate speed model for time-depth conversion; as shown in fig. 3, which is a schematic diagram of an exemplary velocity model, the true morphology of the underground reservoir may be restored by a fine-structured map.
Combining with the step S104, carrying out fault plugging performance analysis;
specifically, according to the speed model, analyzing a gas reservoir main control fault, analyzing and researching the upper and lower tray lithology of each overflow point, determining whether the fault has a good closed condition, and obtaining plugging data of the fault;
as shown in fig. 4, which is an exemplary schematic diagram of fault plugging analysis, from the combined relationship of lithology of upper and lower disks of a fault: the lower tray of the No. III fault is the compact limestone or shale of the Feixian group, and has good sealing conditions. The step can effectively analyze the fault plugging property, and an area with better plugging property is divided by combining seismic data and well drilling and logging data.
Combining with the step S105, performing the tightness analysis of the cover layer;
specifically, according to the speed model, analyzing lithology and thickness of the direct cover layer and the indirect cover layer and distribution of the cover layer in the gas reservoir, determining the tightness of the cover layer, and obtaining tightness data of the cover layer;
as shown in fig. 5, which is a schematic diagram of a tightness analysis of an exemplary cap layer, it can be seen from the diagram that a rocky carbon gas reservoir is covered with a beam mountain group stratum, which has a good sealing effect on the rocky carbon gas reservoir. Meanwhile, the dense limestone of the beam mountain group and the crevasse group is distributed in the whole area, and the drilling thickness is more than 65 m. The sealing function of the couch grass group provides further guarantee for the preservation condition of the gas reservoir; therefore, the gas reservoir cap layer has good sealing property. In the step, when the tightness of the cover layer is analyzed, the lithology of the cover layer, the thickness of the cover layer and the distribution range are considered comprehensively.
And step S106 is combined, the target area of the facies reservoir and the well track scheme are evaluated and analyzed through the coherent slicing, so that the target area of the facies reservoir avoids a high-coherence region, and the initial target area with the drilling encountering rate smaller than a set threshold is obtained.
Specifically, a target area and a well track scheme of the facies reservoir are evaluated and analyzed through a coherent slice, so that the target area of the facies reservoir avoids a high-coherence region as much as possible, and a system which is not drilled and meets a large crack is ensured; FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary fracture system analysis.
With reference to step S107, on the basis of the above, by setting preferred parameters, according to the preferred parameters, selecting a region in the initial target region where the structural integrity is greater than the first preferred parameter, the cap layer impermeability is greater than the second preferred parameter, the fault blocking property is greater than the third preferred parameter, and the crack does not develop, so as to obtain a final target region; that is, a region having a complete structure, good cap layer sealing properties, good fault blocking properties, and no crack growth is selected as the target region.
The optimization method of the target area of the exhausted oil and gas reservoir based on seismic exploration can visually reflect the tightness of the target gas reservoir cover layer of the gas reservoir, the blocking performance of faults and the quality and connectivity of the reservoir, directly guide the optimization of the target area, meanwhile, the analysis of a fracture system can ensure that an injection and production well does not drill a large fracture system, guarantee the stability of the gas reservoir and provide technical support for the construction of the gas reservoir.
It should be noted that although the operations of the method of the present invention have been described in the above embodiments and the accompanying drawings in a particular order, this does not require or imply that these operations must be performed in this particular order, or that all of the operations shown must be performed, to achieve the desired results. Additionally or alternatively, certain steps may be omitted, multiple steps combined into one step execution, and/or one step broken down into multiple step executions.
Having described the method of an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a preferred system for depleting reservoir target areas based on seismic exploration according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention is next described with reference to FIG. 7.
The implementation of the preferred system for the target area of the depleted hydrocarbon reservoir based on seismic exploration can be referred to the implementation of the method, and repeated details are not repeated. The term "module" or "unit" used hereinafter may be a combination of software and/or hardware that implements a predetermined function. Although the means described in the embodiments below are preferably implemented in software, an implementation in hardware, or a combination of software and hardware is also possible and contemplated.
Based on the same inventive concept, the invention also provides a preferred system of the target area of the depleted oil-gas reservoir based on seismic exploration, as shown in fig. 7, the system comprises:
a data acquisition module 710 for acquiring three-dimensional seismic data;
the geological structure interpretation module 720 is used for performing horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by using the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
the velocity model establishing module 730 is used for establishing a velocity model through time-depth conversion according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
the plugging property analysis module 740 is used for analyzing the plugging property of the fault according to the speed model to obtain plugging property data of the fault;
the tightness analysis module 750 is used for performing tightness analysis on the cover layer according to the speed model to obtain tightness data of the cover layer;
the evaluation analysis module 760 is used for evaluating and analyzing a target area of the corresponding storage well and a well trajectory scheme through coherent slicing according to the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an initial target area;
and a target area optimizing module 770, configured to set an optimizing parameter according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the plugging data of the fault, and the sealing data of the cover layer, and select a target area in the initial target area according to the optimizing parameter to obtain a final target area.
In an embodiment, the data obtaining module 710 is further configured to further obtain well logging information.
In an embodiment, the geological structure interpretation module 720 is further configured to perform horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by using the three-dimensional seismic data and combining the drilling logging data, so as to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme.
In one embodiment, the velocity model building module 730 builds an accurate velocity model by time-depth transformation, such that the refined formation map can restore the true form of the underground reservoir.
In an embodiment, the blocking performance analysis module 740 is further configured to analyze and research the upper and lower dike lithologies of each fault overflow point of the gas reservoir main control fault according to the velocity model, determine whether the fault has a good blocking condition, and obtain blocking performance data of the fault.
In an embodiment, the tightness analysis module 750 is further configured to analyze lithology and thickness of the direct cap rock and the indirect cap rock and distribution of the cap rock in the gas reservoir according to the velocity model, determine tightness of the cap rock, and obtain tightness data of the cap rock.
In an embodiment, the evaluation analysis module 760 is configured to evaluate and analyze the target area of the facies reservoir and the well trajectory scheme through coherent slicing, so that the target area of the facies reservoir avoids a high-coherence region, and an initial target area with a drilling probability smaller than a set threshold is obtained.
In an embodiment, the target area optimizing module 770 is configured to select, according to the optimizing parameters, an area in the initial target area where the structural integrity is greater than the first optimizing parameter, the capping layer impermeability is greater than the second optimizing parameter, the fault blocking performance is greater than the third optimizing parameter, and the crack does not develop, so as to obtain the final target area.
It should be noted that although several modules of the preferred system for depleting reservoir target zones based on seismic exploration are mentioned in the above detailed description, such partitioning is merely exemplary and not mandatory. Indeed, the features and functionality of two or more of the modules described above may be embodied in one module according to embodiments of the invention. Conversely, the features and functions of one module described above may be further divided into embodiments by a plurality of modules.
Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, as shown in fig. 8, the present invention further proposes a computer device 800 comprising a memory 810, a processor 820 and a computer program 830 stored on the memory 810 and executable on the processor 820, wherein the processor 820 executes the computer program 830 to implement the aforementioned preferred method for depleted reservoir target volume based on seismic exploration.
Based on the aforementioned inventive concept, the present invention also proposes a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the aforementioned preferred method for seismic exploration based depleted reservoir target volume.
The optimization method and the optimization system of the target zone of the exhausted oil and gas reservoir based on seismic exploration can intuitively reflect the airtightness of the target gas reservoir cover layer of the gas reservoir, the blocking performance of faults and the quality and the connectivity of the reservoir, directly guide the optimization of the target zone, simultaneously ensure that a large crack system is not drilled in an injection and production well by analyzing the crack system, ensure the stability of the gas reservoir and provide technical support for the construction of the gas reservoir.
While the spirit and principles of the invention have been described with reference to several particular embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, nor is the division of aspects, which is for convenience only as the features in such aspects may not be combined to benefit. The invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.
Claims (15)
1. A method for optimizing a target zone of an exhaustible hydrocarbon reservoir based on seismic exploration, the method comprising:
acquiring three-dimensional seismic data;
performing horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by using the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
establishing a velocity model through time-depth conversion according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
according to the speed model, carrying out plugging property analysis on the fault to obtain plugging property data of the fault;
performing the closure analysis of the cover layer according to the speed model to obtain the closure data of the cover layer;
according to the three-dimensional seismic data, evaluating and analyzing a target area and a well track scheme of the phase storage well through coherent slicing to obtain an initial target area;
setting optimal parameters according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the plugging data of the fault and the sealing data of the cover layer, and selecting a target area in the initial target area according to the optimal parameters to obtain a final target area.
2. The preferred method of depleting reservoir target volume according to claim 1, further comprising:
acquiring drilling and logging information;
and performing horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by using the three-dimensional seismic data and combining the drilling logging data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme.
3. The preferred method for the target zone of the depleted reservoir based on seismic exploration according to claim 1, wherein the analyzing the plugging property of the fault according to the velocity model to obtain the plugging property data of the fault comprises:
and analyzing and researching the upper and lower tray lithology of each fault overflow point of the gas reservoir main control fault according to the speed model, determining whether the fault has a good closed condition, and obtaining the blocking data of the fault.
4. The method of claim 1, wherein performing a cap seal analysis based on the velocity model to obtain cap seal data comprises:
and analyzing the lithology and the thickness of the direct cover layer and the indirect cover layer and the distribution of the cover layer in the gas reservoir according to the speed model, determining the tightness of the cover layer and obtaining the tightness data of the cover layer.
5. The preferred method of claim 1, wherein the evaluating and analyzing the target zone and the well trajectory plan of the facies reservoir by coherent slicing from the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an initial target zone comprises:
and evaluating and analyzing the target area and the well track scheme of the facies reservoir well through the coherent slice, so that the target area of the facies reservoir well avoids a high-coherence region, and an initial target area with the drilling encountering rate smaller than a set threshold value is obtained.
6. The method of claim 1, wherein the setting of the optimal parameters according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the blocking data of the fault and the sealing data of the cover layer, and the selection of the target area within the initial target area according to the optimal parameters to obtain the final target area comprise:
and according to the optimal parameters, selecting an area with structural integrity greater than a first optimal parameter, cover layer tightness greater than a second optimal parameter, fault plugging property greater than a third optimal parameter and non-developed cracks in the initial target area to obtain a final target area.
7. A system for optimizing a target volume of an exhale reservoir based on seismic exploration, the system comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring three-dimensional seismic data;
the geological structure interpretation module is used for carrying out horizon calibration and drilling geological recovery by utilizing the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
the velocity model establishing module is used for establishing a velocity model through time-depth conversion according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme;
the plugging property analysis module is used for carrying out plugging property analysis on the fault according to the speed model to obtain plugging property data of the fault;
the tightness analysis module is used for carrying out tightness analysis on the cover layer according to the speed model to obtain tightness data of the cover layer;
the evaluation analysis module is used for evaluating and analyzing a target area and a well track scheme of the corresponding storage well through coherent slicing according to the three-dimensional seismic data to obtain an initial target area;
and the target area optimizing module is used for setting optimizing parameters according to the seismic geological structure interpretation scheme, the plugging data of the fault and the sealing data of the cover layer, and selecting the target area in the initial target area according to the optimizing parameters to obtain the final target area.
8. The system of claim 7, wherein the data acquisition module is further configured to acquire well log data.
9. The seismic exploration based optimization system for the target zone of the depleted hydrocarbon reservoir according to claim 8, wherein the geological structure interpretation module is further configured to perform horizon calibration and well drilling geological recovery by using the three-dimensional seismic data in combination with the drilling and logging data to obtain a seismic geological structure interpretation scheme.
10. The seismic exploration based preferred system for the target area of the depleted hydrocarbon reservoir of claim 7, wherein the plugging property analysis module is further configured to analyze and research the upper and lower dike lithologies of each fault overflow point of the gas reservoir main control fault according to the velocity model, determine whether the fault has a good sealing condition, and obtain plugging property data of the fault.
11. The system of claim 7, wherein the seal analysis module is configured to analyze lithology and thickness of the direct and indirect overburden and distribution of the overburden in the gas reservoir according to the velocity model to determine the seal of the overburden and obtain seal data of the overburden.
12. The seismic exploration based depletion hydrocarbon reservoir target area optimization system according to claim 7, wherein the evaluation analysis module is used for evaluating and analyzing the target area and the well trajectory scheme of the facies reservoir well through a coherent slice, so that the target area of the facies reservoir well avoids a high-coherence region, and an initial target area with a drilling encounter rate smaller than a set threshold is obtained.
13. The seismic exploration based depletion hydrocarbon reservoir target zone optimization system of claim 7, wherein the target zone optimization module is used for selecting an area with structural integrity greater than a first optimization parameter, cap layer tightness greater than a second optimization parameter, fault plugging property greater than a third optimization parameter and no crack development in the initial target zone according to the optimization parameters to obtain a final target zone.
14. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor and a computer program stored on the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6 when executing the computer program.
15. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the method of any one of claims 1 to 6.
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