CN113278968A - High-temperature oxidation resistant Al-Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-temperature oxidation resistant Al-Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113278968A CN113278968A CN202110532711.3A CN202110532711A CN113278968A CN 113278968 A CN113278968 A CN 113278968A CN 202110532711 A CN202110532711 A CN 202110532711A CN 113278968 A CN113278968 A CN 113278968A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23C—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL BY DIFFUSION INTO THE SURFACE, BY CHEMICAL CONVERSION OR SUBSTITUTION; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL
- C23C24/00—Coating starting from inorganic powder
- C23C24/08—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat
- C23C24/10—Coating starting from inorganic powder by application of heat or pressure and heat with intermediate formation of a liquid phase in the layer
- C23C24/103—Coating with metallic material, i.e. metals or metal alloys, optionally comprising hard particles, e.g. oxides, carbides or nitrides
- C23C24/106—Coating with metal alloys or metal elements only
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C19/00—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt
- C22C19/03—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel
- C22C19/05—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium
- C22C19/051—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W
- C22C19/056—Alloys based on nickel or cobalt based on nickel with chromium and Mo or W with the maximum Cr content being at least 10% but less than 20%
Abstract
The invention provides a high-temperature oxidation resistant Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating and a preparation method thereof, belonging to the technical field of nickel-based high-temperature alloy coatings. The coating comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 51.22% of Ni, 18.15% of Cr, 5.15% of Nb, 3.26% of Mo, 1.16% of Ti, 0.4-9% of Al, 0.6% of Co and 0-5% of Si, the balance being iron and some inevitable impurities, wherein the matrix is H13 hot-work die steel, and the preparation method is plasma cladding. The high-temperature alloy coating prepared by the invention has the characteristics of better high-temperature oxidation resistance, higher microhardness, multiple oxidation resistant layers at high temperature, simple preparation, lower cost and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of nickel-based high-temperature alloy coatings, and particularly relates to an Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating resistant to high-temperature oxidation and a preparation method thereof.
Background
With the development and progress of human society, higher and higher requirements are put forward on the high-temperature performance of materials, the Inconel 718 alloy mainly comprises elements such as nickel, iron, chromium and niobium, has good wear resistance, corrosion resistance and mechanical properties, can perfectly work at 650-1000 ℃, is a high-temperature alloy material which has the largest application amount and is most widely applied in the fields of aviation, aerospace and the like at present, and has poor oxidation resistance at the temperature of over 1000 ℃. In practical application, the number of critical parts scrapped due to oxidation reasons is large, and a good high-temperature oxidation resistant material is also important. However, the cost of the material with higher performance is often higher, so that how to reduce the material cost and repair the material is very meaningful, and preparing a coating meeting the performance requirement on the surface of the cheap material and effectively repairing the damaged material are important means for reducing the material cost.
Disclosure of Invention
The ion cladding technology is used as a common coating preparation means, a plasma transferred arc is used as a main heat source, powder is taken out through the injection of argon, the powder is melted by the high heat when passing through a plasma arc, and meanwhile, the surface of a workpiece is melted to form a molten pool due to the high temperature of the plasma arc. Under the drive of high-speed gas, molten alloy particles are cladded on the surface of a workpiece, and the molten metal is rapidly cooled and solidified to form a coating along with the separation of the plasma arc. The invention provides a high-temperature oxidation resistant Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating component and a preparation method thereof.
The first technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: in order to reduce the material components, how to prepare a coating meeting the performance requirements on the surface of a cheap material and effectively repair a damaged material and improve the high-temperature oxidation resistance of the Inconel 718 alloy, the high-temperature oxidation resistant Al-Si composite addition modified Inconel 718 nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating component is provided.
A high-temperature oxidation resistant Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating comprises the following elements: 51.22% wt.% Ni, 18.15% wt.% Cr, 5.15% wt.% Nb, 3.26% wt.% Mo, 1.16% wt.% Ti, 0.4-9% wt.% Al, 0.6% wt.% Co and 0-5% wt.% Si, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
Further, the coating element composition comprises: 51.22% Ni, 18.15% Cr, 5.15% Nb, 3.26% Mo, 1.16% Ti, 6% Al, 0.6% Co and 2% Si, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
The second technical problem to be solved by the invention is: in order to obtain a large-area and reliable coating, a preparation method of the Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating component resistant to high-temperature oxidation is provided.
A preparation method of a high-temperature oxidation resistant Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating is a plasma cladding technology.
Further, the plasma cladding technology has the following process parameters: the flow rate of ion gas is 1.5-2L/min, the flow rate of protective gas is 15L/min, the cladding current is 100-120A, the cladding traveling speed is 3-5cm/min, the flow rate of powder feeding gas is 2L/min, the progressive distance is 3-5mm, and the powder feeding speed is 8-10 r/s.
Further, the plasma cladding technology uses equipment of a plasma arc powder surfacing machine with the model of DML-03 AD.
Further, the plasma cladding technology comprises the following processes: argon gas is opened → cooling water is opened → a main machine is opened → a powder feeder → parameters are set → workpiece surface cleaning → a loading program → a welding gun and workpiece coordinates are set → program reset → a main inspection machine → arc starting → cladding → finishing.
As a preferable scheme of the invention, the gamma 'has good strength and deformability, and is mainly in the form of Ni3Al in the nickel-based alloy, so that the increase of the Al content can generate more gamma' phase, thereby improving the high-temperature strength of the nickel-based alloy. In addition, in the high-temperature alloy, Al element can quickly generate a compact aluminum oxide protective film in the high-temperature oxidation process to prevent the further oxidation of the alloy, so that the proper increase of the content of the Al element is beneficial to the high-temperature strength of the nickel-based alloy so as to resist the high-temperature oxidation energy. The content of Al element in the Inconel 718 alloy is 0.2-0.8 wt%, in the nickel-based multi-element alloy system, the content of Al can be improved to achieve the high-temperature creep strength of the nickel-based alloy, under the environment of multi-element alloying, the more the alloying element is, the closer the content of Al is to 6 wt%, and the longer the winding time is. Due to the limitation of the Ni content in Inconel 718, the Al content cannot exceed 9 wt.% if all Ni forms a γ' phase with Al. Reasonable introduction of Si is beneficial to the high temperature oxidation resistance of the nickel-based alloy, and the beneficial effect of Si is to promote Cr2O3In the presence of metal and Cr2O3A layer of SiO is formed between2The interlayer absorbs vacancies and prevents the interface from generating cavities. In addition, Si can inhibit beta phase and promote the growth of gamma 'phase, and the hot corrosion resistance of the gamma' phase rich in Si is greatly improved along with the increase of Si content. However, considering that the alloying of Si increases the brittleness of most alloys, the content of Si should not be too high, a combination of considerationsAmount, Si content is determined as 0-5 wt.%.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, through a plasma cladding technology, multiple cladding and optimized process parameters are adopted, the small planes are formed by overlapping, a large-area nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating is obtained, the modified Inconel 718 coating is added through compounding of Al and Si elements, the precipitation of a gamma 'phase and a hard phase is greatly promoted, the microstructure of the coating is improved, short and thick dendrites are converted into long and thin dendrites, a large amount of beneficial gamma' phases and hard phases are precipitated, and the hardness of the coating can be effectively improved. The Inconel 718+ Al and Si coating has complete high-temperature oxidation resistance at 1100 ℃ and below, compared with the Inconel 718 which only has complete high-temperature oxidation resistance at 1000 ℃, the Inconel 718+ Al and Si coating has greatly improved performance, and the oxidation films generated at all temperatures are Al2O3. The oxidation kinetics curve of isothermal oxidation at 1000 ℃ shows that the oxidation process is divided into two stages, namely rapid oxidation and stable oxidation. The oxidation weight gain is mostly accomplished in the rapid oxidation stage, and the oxidation rate of both stages of the Inconel 718+ Si + Al coating is an order of magnitude lower than that of the Inconel 718 coating. Therefore, the high-temperature oxidation resistant Al-Si composite addition modified Inconel 718 nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating component and the preparation method thereof have the advantages of better high-temperature oxidation resistance, easy preparation, reliable process parameters and higher hardness.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a SEM image of the bonding part of the composite modified Ni-based superalloy coating with 6% Al and 2% Si added and the substrate prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a cross-sectional microhardness curve of the composite modified nickel-based superalloy coating with 6% Al and 2% Si and the Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy coating prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
Figure 3 is an Inconel 718 nickel-base superalloy coating showing isothermal oxidation weight gain at 1000 ℃ and square oxidation weight gain versus time.
FIG. 4 shows the isothermal oxidation weight gain at 1000 ℃ and the square of the oxidation weight gain with time of the composite modified Ni-based superalloy coating with 6% Al and 2% Si added, which is prepared in example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is XRD of the oxidized surface of the composite modified Ni-based superalloy coating with 6% Al and 2% Si added, which is prepared in example 1 of the present invention, after isothermal oxidation at 1000 ℃ for various periods of time.
FIG. 6 is an oxidation cross-sectional profile of the composite modified Ni-based superalloy coating with 6% Al and 2% Si added, which is prepared in example 1 of the present invention, after isothermal oxidation at 1000 ℃ for each time period, wherein (a)5 h; (b)10 h; (c)15 h; (d)20 h; (e)25 h; (f) and (5) 100 h.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples. The process is conventional unless otherwise specified, and the starting materials are commercially available from the open literature.
Example 1
The Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating resistant to high temperature oxidation has the composition shown in the following table 1 (weight percentage).
Table 1: alloy powder composition (wt.%)
And (3) putting the uniformly mixed powder into a drying oven to be dried at the speed of 90-110 ℃/1h for later use. In the plasma cladding process, the powder feeding mode is synchronous powder feeding. The cladding setting is as follows: the swing width is 15mm, the swing speed is 300mm/min, the ion gas flow is 1.5L/min, the protective gas flow is 15L/min, the cladding current is 100A, the cladding traveling speed is 3cm/min, the progressive distance is 3mm, the powder feeding gas flow is 2L/min, and the equipment used in the experiment is a plasma arc powder surfacing machine with the model of DML-03 AD.
The preparation process comprises the following steps: opening Ar gas → opening cooling water → opening a host → feeding powder device → setting parameters (including parameters of cladding process, robot walking, swing and the like) → cleaning of the surface of the workpiece → loading procedure → setting of the welding gun and the coordinates (starting point) of the workpiece → procedure resetting → checking the host → arc starting → cladding → ending. Through the above preparation flow, 6% Al and 2% Si modified Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy coatings and comparative Inconel 718 nickel-based superalloy coatings were prepared.
In the coating area, a sample with a matrix is taken out by using wire cutting, metallographic phase is prepared, and XRD, SEM and EDS detection are analyzed. FIG. 1 is a SEM image of the cross-section of the bonding area of the coating and the substrate, and it can be seen that the coating and the substrate are tightly bonded without voids and gaps, which illustrates that the coating preparation process and parameters are feasible. And simultaneously, testing the hardness of a sample, wherein the load of a microhardness meter is 100g, the holding load is 15s, the microhardness of the coating is measured on the section of the coating, and the hardness of each position is taken for three times to avoid errors. The average hardness of the Al and Si modified Inconel 718 coating is 395.2HV, which is increased by 136 percent compared with the Inconel 718 coating.
The coating was peeled off the substrate by wire cutting, and a high temperature oxidation test was carried out on a sample cut into a size of 10mm × 10mm × 3 mm. The substrate-free pure coating samples were sanded to 2000 mesh on 6 surfaces, cleaned with alcohol in an ultrasonic machine for 1min, blow-dried with a blower, the crucible was treated as standard before use, and the size, mass and coating-band crucible mass were recorded for each coating sample using a vernier caliper and an analytical balance. After the treatment according to the operation, the coating and the crucible are respectively placed in a high-temperature furnace to be subjected to high-temperature cyclic oxidation experiments at 800 ℃, 900 ℃, 1000 ℃ and 1100 ℃, the coating and the crucible are taken out every 10 hours and weighed, then the coating and the crucible are placed in the high-temperature furnace to be subjected to next oxidation, and the oxidation weight gain result is treated according to the standard. According to the results of cyclic oxidation experiments, the cyclic oxidation weight gain and the average oxidation rate of the prepared Si-modified Inconel 718 coating after 100 hours at 800-1100 ℃ are shown in Table 2.
Table 2: cyclic oxidation weight gain and average oxidation rate after 100h at 800-1100 DEG C
Peeling off the coating from the substrate by wire cutting, cutting into 5mm × 5mm × 3mm samples, observing the oxidation process of the coating, and coating with each componentPreparing 10 small samples, polishing 6 surfaces of the samples to 2000 meshes by using sand paper, measuring the size of the samples by using a vernier caliper, cleaning the surfaces of the samples according to the operation, processing a crucible, weighing the samples and the coated crucible, starting an isothermal oxidation experiment after recording, taking out one sample at a time interval of 5 hours within 25 hours before the operation because most of oxidation weight increase is completed within 25 hours before the operation, weighing the sample without putting back the sample, taking out the sample once at a time interval of 10 hours within 25-55 hours, finally taking out the samples at a time interval of 75 hours and 100 hours, weighing and recording. FIG. 3 is an oxidation weight gain curve of Inconel 718+ Si + Al coating after oxidation in static air at 1000 ℃ for 100h, the oxidation weight gain after 100h being about 0.4785mg cm-2. It can be seen that the Inconel 718+ Si + Al coating also follows a parabolic law, and thus the Inconel 718+ Si + Al coating was also made (Δ W)2Graph with time t. It can be seen that the oxidation weight gain has been substantially completed within 20h, the oxidation weight gain is divided into two stages, the oxidation rate k of the rapid oxidation stagep1Is 5.4X 10-4mg2·cm-4·h-1Stabilization of the oxidation rate k of the oxidation stagep2Is 1.134X 10-6mg2·cm-4·h-1. Both oxidation stages are less than an order of magnitude compared to the Inconel 718 coating. Al (Al)2O3Relative to Cr2O3And SiO2More stable, the selective oxidation of Al generates compact Al2O3The protective film is hardly peeled off or not peeled off at 1000 ℃.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application and not to limit them; although the present application has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art will understand that: modifications to the embodiments of the present application or equivalent replacements of some technical features may still be made, which should all be covered by the scope of the technical solution claimed in the present application.
Claims (6)
1. The high-temperature oxidation resistant Al-Si composite addition modified nickel-based high-temperature alloy coating is characterized by comprising the following elements: 51.22% wt.% Ni, 18.15% wt.% Cr, 5.15% wt.% Nb, 3.26% wt.% Mo, 1.16% wt.% Ti, 0.4-9% wt.% Al, 0.6% wt.% Co and 0-5% wt.% Si, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
2. The Al-Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating resistant to high temperature oxidation according to claim 1, wherein the coating comprises the following elements: 51.22% Ni, 18.15% Cr, 5.15% Nb, 3.26% Mo, 1.16% Ti, 6% Al, 0.6% Co and 2% Si, the balance being iron and unavoidable impurities.
3. The Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating resistant to high-temperature oxidation as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is prepared by a plasma cladding technology.
4. The plasma cladding technology for preparing the high-temperature oxidation resistant Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating according to claim 3, wherein the plasma cladding technology comprises the following process parameters: the flow rate of the ion gas is 1.5-2L/min, the flow rate of the protective gas is 15L/min, the cladding current is 100-120A, the cladding traveling speed is 3-5cm/min, the flow rate of the powder feeding gas is 2L/min, and the progressive distance is 3-5 mm.
5. The method for preparing the Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating with high temperature oxidation resistance by the plasma cladding technology according to claim 4, wherein the equipment used by the plasma cladding technology is a plasma arc powder surfacing machine with the model of DML-03 AD.
6. The plasma cladding technology for preparing the Al and Si composite addition modified nickel-based superalloy coating resistant to high temperature oxidation according to claim 4, wherein the plasma cladding technology comprises the following processes: argon gas is opened → cooling water is opened → a main machine is opened → a powder feeder → parameters are set → workpiece surface cleaning → a loading program → a welding gun and workpiece coordinates are set → program reset → a main inspection machine → arc starting → cladding → finishing.
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| CN115287529A (en) * | 2022-08-16 | 2022-11-04 | 河北科技大学 | Nickel-iron-based alloy coating and preparation method and application thereof |
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