CN113278786B

CN113278786B - Heating quenching method and heating quenching device for surface induction of annular workpiece

Info

Publication number: CN113278786B
Application number: CN202110473051.6A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 周祥成; 朱立权; 贺猛; 纪南昌; 张云峰
Original assignee: Shiyan Hengjin Induction Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shiyan Hengjin Induction Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-29
Filing date: 2021-04-29
Publication date: 2022-11-29
Anticipated expiration: 2041-04-29
Also published as: CN113278786A

Abstract

The invention provides a heating quenching method and a heating quenching device for surface induction of an annular workpiece, which can adapt to bearing parts with different diameters by adopting a control method of bidirectional swinging of the workpiece, opposite folding of a heating inductor or opposite folding of the heating inductor in a bidirectional swinging mode, so that the annular workpiece can realize stable heating and cooling, a hardening layer is continuous without a soft belt, the consistency of quenching quality of the annular workpiece is ensured, the heating efficiency is high, the flexibility degree is high, and the diameter range of the workpiece is wide; in addition, heating process parameters and running motion tracks are strictly controlled by an induction heating power supply and a matched numerical control system of the manipulator, a plurality of groups of heating units are combined for induction heating spray quenching, a bidirectional electric tracking system tracks and compensates a gap value between a heating induction coil and a heated workpiece in real time, a gap measuring system automatically measures a gap value between a heating coil and a heating surface of the heated workpiece, and a constant-current constant-voltage system for quenching spray ensures consistency of quenching cooling parameters after heating.

Description

Heating quenching method and heating quenching device for surface induction of annular workpiece

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of induction heating, in particular to a heating and quenching method and a heating and quenching device for surface induction of an annular workpiece.

Background

The bearing is an important part in the modern mechanical equipment. Its main function is to support the mechanical rotator, reduce the friction coefficient in its motion process and ensure its rotation precision. The bearing needs to bear great radial load and axial load in the operation process, rolling friction and sliding friction happen among a bearing ring, a rolling body and a maintaining frame, and therefore soft-belt-free induction quenching needs to be carried out on the rolling body and the friction surface of the bearing, so that the mechanical performance of the bearing is enhanced, and the service life of the bearing is prolonged.

At present, the bearing industrial manufacturing process and the induction quenching equipment in China are slow in technical development, the quenching of the large-diameter slewing bearing still adopts the traditional quenching process mode with a soft belt, great influences are generated on the service life and the noise of the bearing, and the soft belt parts are weak parts, noise generating parts and poor fatigue resistance parts of the bearing. Due to the limitation of early technical barriers, a plurality of technical problems in China have failed to make a breakthrough. Therefore, the bearing has a soft belt, and the precision and quality of the assembly of the product are unstable, so that the precision, the performance, the service life and the reliability of the bearing are influenced.

Disclosure of Invention

Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a heating and quenching method and a heating and quenching device for surface induction of an annular workpiece, wherein the heating and quenching method can avoid the formation of a soft belt in the heating and quenching process of the annular workpiece, and has the advantages of high heating efficiency, high reliability, high flexibility, energy conservation and environmental protection.

In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for induction heating quenching of a surface of an annular workpiece, where the method for heating quenching includes the following steps: s1, preheating, namely heating the surface of a preheating area of an annular workpiece while reciprocating and rotating the heated annular workpiece; s2, heating, namely heating the surface of the annular workpiece clockwise and anticlockwise at the same time after preheating treatment is finished, and synchronously performing spraying treatment after heating; s3, heating the surface of the heating end region of the annular workpiece in a reciprocating and opposite folding heating inductor or a heating inductor two-way swinging folding mode; and S4, after the inner surface or the outer surface of the annular workpiece is subjected to heating treatment, rapidly rotating the annular workpiece for an angle or performing reciprocating rotation to cool the annular workpiece.

In a possible implementation manner of the first aspect, in the step S1, the preheating area is 2 to 8 times the width of a single heating inductor.

In a possible embodiment of the first aspect, step S3 is initiated when the annular workpiece in step S2 is heated to a position adjacent to an end region of its inner or outer surface.

In one possible embodiment according to the first aspect, the heat quenching method further includes a gap measurement method for measuring a gap between the heating unit and the annular workpiece, the gap measurement method including: a voltage signal is introduced to a heating coil in the heating unit, when the heating coil connected with the heating unit is controlled by a matched manipulator to slowly approach to a heated annular workpiece, when the heating coil contacts with the heating surface of the heated annular workpiece, the heating coil immediately feeds back the signal to a manipulator control system, the matched manipulator immediately stops moving, current axis coordinate information is calculated, and then the gap value between the heating coil and the heated workpiece is automatically controlled.

In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a quenching apparatus for surface induction of an annular workpiece, where the quenching apparatus includes: a first heating unit disposed outside or inside a surface of the annular workpiece, the first heating unit being circumferentially movable along an outer surface or an inner surface of the annular workpiece; the first heating unit and the second heating unit are adjacently arranged at the starting position of the annular workpiece, wherein the starting position of the annular workpiece is a static position when the annular workpiece starts to rotate; a third heating unit arranged at a terminal position of an outer surface of the annular workpiece, the terminal position of the outer surface of the annular workpiece being a position at which heating of the annular workpiece is ended; the third heating unit can perform reciprocating circumferential movement along the end point position of the outer surface of the annular workpiece; and a pair of sprayers respectively installed in the first heating unit and the second heating unit.

In a possible embodiment of the second aspect, the first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit are identical in structure, wherein each of the heating units includes an induction heating power supply, a heating inductor, an isolation transformer, a resonant capacitor, and a bus bar, the heating inductor is connected to the isolation transformer through the bus bar, and the heating inductor, the resonant capacitor, and the isolation transformer are electrically connected to the induction heating power supply.

In a possible embodiment of the second aspect, the heating and quenching device further includes an automatic tracking system, and the automatic tracking system includes three sets of displacement sensors, and the three sets of displacement sensors are respectively and correspondingly disposed in the first heating unit, the second heating unit, and the third heating unit.

In one possible embodiment according to the second aspect, the thermal quenching apparatus further comprises a gap measurement system.

In one possible embodiment according to the second aspect, the sprayer employs a fully automatic constant current and constant voltage control system.

In a possible embodiment of the second aspect, the first heating unit, the second heating unit and the third heating unit are mounted in a suspended manner by means of a robot control system, wherein the robot control system controls the movement speed and the operating coordinates of the first heating unit, the second heating unit and the third heating unit.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: the method has the advantages that the method for controlling the heating to start to be closed in a bidirectional swinging mode, the opposite closing of the heating inductor or the bidirectional swinging mode of the heating inductor is adopted, the method can adapt to bearing parts with different diameters, the circular workpiece can be stably heated and cooled, a hardening layer is continuous without a soft belt, the consistency of the quenching quality of the circular workpiece is ensured, the heating efficiency is high, the flexibility degree is high, and the range of the diameter of the adaptive workpiece is wide; in addition, heating process parameters and running motion tracks are strictly controlled by an induction heating power supply and a matched numerical control system of the rack manipulator, multiple groups of heating units are combined to perform induction heating spraying quenching, a full-automatic bidirectional electric tracking system tracks and compensates the gap value between a heating induction coil and a heated workpiece in real time, a full-automatic gap measuring system automatically measures the gap value between a heating coil and a heated workpiece heating surface, and a constant-current constant-voltage system for quenching spraying ensures the consistency of quenching cooling parameters after heating.

Drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating and quenching apparatus applied to surface induction of an annular workpiece in a first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the operation principle of the heating quenching device for heating the surface of the annular part in the first embodiment of the application.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating the operation principle of the third heating unit starting to heat the annular workpiece in a reciprocating manner according to the first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of an operation principle of the third heating unit when heating is stopped in the first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural state diagram of the annular workpiece after being heated and then being rapidly rotated by an angle for spray cooling in the first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a method for induction heating and quenching of a surface of an annular workpiece according to a first embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a quenching apparatus applied to induction on the surface of an annular workpiece according to the second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 8 is a schematic view of the operation principle of the quenching apparatus for heating the surface of the annular part according to the second embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating the operation principle of the second heating unit in the second embodiment of the present application for starting reciprocating heating of the annular workpiece.

Fig. 10 is a schematic structural state diagram of the second embodiment of the present application, in which the annular workpiece is rapidly rotated by an angle after heating and then is subjected to spray cooling.

Fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a quenching apparatus applied to surface induction of an annular workpiece according to a third embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 12 is a schematic view of the operation principle of the quenching apparatus for heating the surface of the annular part according to the third embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 13 is a schematic view of an operating state of the quenching apparatus according to the third embodiment of the present invention when the surface of the annular part is heated to a certain position.

Fig. 14 is a schematic view of the heating and quenching apparatus in the third embodiment of the present application in an operating state of heating the end region of the annular part in a reciprocating manner.

Fig. 15 is a schematic view illustrating the operation principle of the first heating unit in the third embodiment of the present application for starting reciprocating heating of the annular workpiece.

Fig. 16 is a schematic view of an operating state of the first heating unit away from the heating region after the heating is completed in the third embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 17 is a schematic view of an operating state of the second heating unit away from the heating region after the heating is completed in the third embodiment of the present application.

Fig. 18 is a schematic structural state diagram of the annular workpiece after being rapidly rotated by an angle after being heated and then being subjected to spray cooling in the third embodiment of the present application.

In the figure:

1-an annular workpiece, 2-a first heating unit, 3-a second heating unit, 4-a third heating unit, 5-a reciprocating movement area, 6-a sprayer and 7-a sprayer.

Detailed Description

The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the drawings and the detailed description.

In order to facilitate better understanding of the embodiments of the present application, an application scenario of the embodiments related to the present application is first described. In the embodiment of the application, the heating quenching device is applied to the surface induction of the annular workpieces, in the daily production, some annular workpieces (such as bearings) bear radial loads and axial loads simultaneously during the working process, and rolling friction and sliding friction exist on the surfaces of the parts. In order to prolong the service life and strengthen the mechanical property of the part, the surface of the part needs to be subjected to corresponding quenching process treatment; however, the surface of the existing annular workpiece adopts the traditional quenching process with a soft belt, so that the surface of the annular workpiece has a soft belt part, and the service life and the performance of parts are influenced.

Example one

Referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 is a schematic structural principle diagram of a heating quenching device applied to surface induction of an annular workpiece in a first embodiment of the present application. The heating and quenching apparatus in the embodiment of the present application includes three sets of heating units and a pair of

showers

6, 7. The three groups of heating units are identical in structure, and each heating unit comprises an induction heating power supply, a heating inductor, an isolation transformer, a resonant capacitor and a bus bar.

Referring to fig. 1, for convenience of description, the three groups of heating units in the embodiment of the present application are respectively referred to as a first heating unit 2, a second heating unit 3, and a third heating unit 4. In the present embodiment, each of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 is constituted by two sets of heating coils, and the third heating unit 4 is constituted by using one set of heating coils. It is understood that, in other embodiments, the number of heating coils in each of the first heating unit 2, the second heating unit 3 and the third heating unit 4 can be flexibly adjusted to meet the heating effect, and is not limited. The first heating unit 2 is arranged inside the surface of the annular workpiece 1, and the second heating unit 3 is arranged outside the surface of the annular workpiece 1. The first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are adjacently arranged at the start position of the annular workpiece 1, i.e. opposite sides between the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are adjacently arranged. The starting position of the annular workpiece 1 refers to the rest position at which the annular workpiece 1 starts to rotate. For convenience of description, the starting position of the annular workpiece 1 is marked as a 0 ° position in the embodiment of the present application, and in fig. 1 of the embodiment of the present application, the starting position of the annular workpiece 1 is the highest position of the annular workpiece. The third heating unit 4 is disposed at the end position of the outer surface of the annular workpiece 1, and correspondingly, the end position of the annular workpiece 1 is marked as ± 180 ° in the embodiment of the present application, that is, the end position of the annular workpiece is the lowest position of the annular workpiece in fig. 1 of the embodiment of the present application, and the highest position and the lowest position are disposed oppositely. It is understood that in other embodiments, the start position and the end position of the annular workpiece 1 can be selectively arranged at other positions of the annular workpiece, and are not limited.

The annular workpiece in the embodiment of the application needs to rotate in a reciprocating manner, namely clockwise and anticlockwise in the quenching and heating process. In the embodiment of the application, the annular workpiece 1 is arranged on a rotary worktable, the rotary worktable is used for driving the annular workpiece to rotate back and forth, and the rotation times and speed of the annular workpiece can be controlled by the rotary worktable.

In the embodiment of the present application, the annular workpiece 1 first starts to be preheated:

the preheating process of the annular workpiece 1 is as follows:

referring to fig. 1, during preheating, the annular workpiece 1 starts to rotate reciprocally, at the same time, the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are kept still, and the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 start heating sequentially or simultaneously to heat the area of the annular workpiece 1 that rotates reciprocally. It should be understood that the heating powers of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 may be independently adjusted, i.e. the heating powers of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 may be the same and/or different. The reciprocating movement area of the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece 1 is circularly heated through the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece 1 can be preheated, and a foundation is provided for subsequent heating. In the present embodiment, the reciprocating area 5 of the ring-shaped workpiece 1 has a length in the range of 2 to 8 times the width of the single heating induction coil in the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3. The selection of the area range can better ensure the preheating effect of the annular workpiece 1.

At the completion of the preheating process of the annular workpiece 1, i.e. after the end of the last rotation position of the annular workpiece 1, the annular workpiece 1 stops at the initial position (i.e. the 0 ° position in the embodiment of the present application, the highest point position of the surface of the annular part in fig. 1). Simultaneously, a pair of

sprayers

6 and 7 start to respectively start spraying water to be sprayed to the preheated surface of the annular workpiece 1. In this application embodiment, annular workpiece 1 preheats through adopting two-way reciprocating motion, utilizes first heating element 2 and second heating element 3 to carry out the mode that heats to annular workpiece 1's interior external surface simultaneously, can be so that annular workpiece 1 thermally equivalent, has avoided the problem in the soft area of quenching that causes of the great difference of heating temperature.

Referring to fig. 1, in an embodiment of the present invention, one sprayer 6 is fixed on the first heating unit 2, and the other sprayer 7 is fixed on the second heating unit 3. The pair of

sprayers

6 and 7 are respectively and correspondingly arranged behind the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3, namely, the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 heat the surface of the annular workpiece 1 in the heating working process, and then the annular workpiece is cooled by the

sprayers

6 and 7.

Referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of a heating quenching apparatus for heating a surface of an annular part according to a first embodiment of the present application.

The heating process of the annular workpiece 1 is as follows:

referring to fig. 2, the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are each moved synchronously along the surface of the annular workpiece 1, i.e. each is moved along the starting position of the annular workpiece 1 towards the end position, while the annular workpiece 1 remains stationary. In the present embodiment, the first heating unit 2 is moved in the counterclockwise direction from the starting position to the ending position from the inner surface of the annular part; the second heating unit 3 is moved in a clockwise direction, also gradually from a starting position from the outer surface of the annular part to an end position. During the moving heating process of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3, the pair of

sprayers

6 and 7 are always kept in a spraying state.

Referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of the third heating unit 4 starting to heat the annular workpiece in a reciprocating manner according to the first embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 3, when the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are respectively moved to the position of the annular workpiece ≈ 175 ° (it can be understood that, when the first heating unit 2 or the second heating unit 3 is moved to a position of the annular workpiece, the third heating unit 4 starts to reciprocate, the position is selected based on the movement of the first heating unit 2 or the second heating unit 3 to the end position of the annular workpiece, 175 ° is selected in the present embodiment, and other moving positions may be selected in other embodiments without limitation), the third heating unit 4 starts to reciprocate, and the start position of the rotation is the end position of the annular workpiece. In the process of reciprocating rotation of the third heating unit 4, the end position of each reciprocating rotation of the third heating unit 4 is a dynamic coordinate, that is, at this time, the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are continuously in the moving process, and the real-time positions of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are dynamic coordinates, so that the end position of each reciprocating rotation of the third heating unit 4 is adjusted in real time according to the positions of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3, that is, after the third heating unit 4 reciprocates to the position of the first heating unit 2 or the second heating unit 3, the third heating unit stops continuous movement and moves reversely, and the position where the third heating unit 4 stops continuous movement is a forward rotation end position or a backward rotation end position of each reciprocating rotation.

Referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 is a schematic view of the operation principle of the third heating unit 4 when heating is stopped in the first embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 4, when the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are respectively moved to 178 ° positions of the annular workpiece, the third heating unit 4 stops the reciprocating rotation, and the third heating unit 4 stops the heating. Meanwhile, the third heating unit 4 starts to ascend/retreat and is far away from the heating area of the annular workpiece; and the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 continue to move to the end position of the annular workpiece until the end position is reached, and heating is finished. In the embodiment of the application, in the heating end region of the annular workpiece, the reciprocating movement of the third heating unit 4 is utilized to realize the reciprocating heating of the end (folding) region of the heated annular workpiece, and the controllability of the depth of the quenching hardening layer of the end region of the heated annular workpiece is ensured.

Referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 is a schematic view illustrating an operating state of the annular workpiece when heating is stopped according to the first embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 5, after the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 stop heating the surface of the annular workpiece, the annular workpiece rotates rapidly (counterclockwise or clockwise) at a fixed angle, and is subjected to spray cooling (at this time, the annular workpiece remains stationary or rotates back and forth at a constant speed) until the annular workpiece is cooled to a desired cooling temperature range.

Referring to fig. 1, in order to ensure that the gaps between the heating units (the first heating unit 2, the second heating unit 3, and the third heating unit 4) and the heating surface of the annular workpiece are consistent all the time during the movement process, the heating and quenching apparatus according to the embodiment of the present application further includes an automatic tracking system. Specifically, the automatic tracking system in the embodiment of the present application mainly includes three sets of displacement sensors, which are respectively and correspondingly disposed in the first heating unit 2, the second heating unit 3, and the third heating unit 4, that is, adjacent to the heating coil disposed in the heating units. In the embodiment of the present application, the robot control system is configured to suspend the first heating unit 2, the second heating unit 3, and the third heating unit 4, and control the moving speed and the operating coordinates of the first heating unit 2, the second heating unit 3, and the third heating unit 4. The displacement sensor is used for detecting the horizontal position and the vertical direction of the heating surface of the annular workpiece, the displacement sensor transmits the displacement values of the annular workpiece in the horizontal direction and the vertical direction to the manipulator control system in real time in the heating process, and the axis coordinate of the manipulator control system is adjusted in real time after the control system calculates, so that the consistency of the gap between the heating coil in the heating unit and the heating surface of the annular workpiece is ensured.

In order to enable the annular workpiece to have better heating uniformity, the gap between the heating unit and the surface of the annular workpiece is measured. In the embodiment of the application, the heating and quenching device is further provided with a gap measurement system, that is, the first heating unit 2, the second heating unit 3 and the third heating unit 4 are respectively provided with a gap measurement system, and the gap measurement system is used for digitally setting the gap value between the heating units and the surface of the annular workpiece. Specifically, a specific voltage signal is introduced to a heating coil of a heating unit (a first heating unit 2, a second heating unit 3 or a third heating unit 4), when a heating coil connected with the corresponding heating unit slowly approaches to a heating ring-shaped workpiece, and when the heating coil contacts with the heating surface of the heating ring-shaped workpiece, the heating coil immediately feeds back the signal to a manipulator control system, a manipulator corresponding to the heating coil immediately stops moving, and current axis coordinate information is calculated, so that a gap value between the heating coil and the heated ring-shaped workpiece is automatically controlled.

In order to improve the quenching quality of the annular workpiece and the product performance of the workpiece, please refer to fig. 1, in the embodiment of the present application, the

sprayers

6 and 7 adopt full-automatic constant-flow and constant-pressure control systems, and replace the spraying pressure or flow of the traditional quenching equipment, which are realized by manually adjusting valves. The serious defects of unstable quenching hardness, quenching surface cracks and the like caused by the direct influence on the cooling effect of the heated annular workpiece due to the deviation of the liquid spraying flow are avoided. According to the embodiment of the application, only an engineer with authority sets flow values and pressure values in the control system by adopting the full-automatic constant-current and constant-pressure control system, and the flow meter matched with the automatic operation of the equipment measures the flow values in the liquid spraying pipeline in real time and feeds back the flow values to the control system for calculating and then controlling the flow valve in real time to automatically and constantly spray liquid flow. In the embodiment of the application, the constant pressure in the spray liquid comprises a pressure sensor, a water pump and the like, the pressure sensor is used for measuring the pressure of the spray liquid system in real time and feeding the pressure back to the control system in real time, and the control system automatically adjusts the operation parameters of the water supply pump in real time, so that the constant pressure of the spray flow is ensured, and the consistency of the quenching spray parameters is effectively ensured.

Meanwhile, referring to fig. 6, fig. 6 is a schematic flow chart of a heating and quenching method for surface induction of an annular workpiece according to a first embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the application provides a heating quenching method which can be applied to the heating quenching device for surface induction of the annular workpiece, and the heating quenching method comprises the following steps:

s1, preheating, namely heating the inner surface and the outer surface of a preheating area of an annular workpiece by reciprocating rotation of the heated annular workpiece;

the annular workpiece is controlled by the rotary table to make reciprocating rotation, the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are respectively arranged on the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece in the preheating process, and the positions of the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are kept still. In the process of the periodic reciprocating rotation of the annular workpiece, the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 respectively heat the inner surface and the outer surface of the preheating area of the annular workpiece, so that the preheating function is realized. As can be understood, the preheating area of the annular workpiece is the area range of the surface of the annular workpiece rotating back and forth in the preheating mode. In the embodiment of the present application, the preheating region of the ring-shaped workpiece is 2 to 8 times the width of the single heating coil in the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3.

S2, heating, wherein after the preheating treatment is finished, the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece are simultaneously heated clockwise and anticlockwise, and the heated spraying treatment is synchronously carried out;

after the preheating operation treatment of the annular workpiece is completed, the annular workpiece stops rotating. The first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 heat the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece synchronously from the initial positions of the annular workpiece, respectively. At the same time when the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 start to heat, the

sprayers

6 and 7 correspondingly cool the inner surface and the outer surface of the heated annular part.

S3, performing reciprocating heating on the outer surface of the heating terminal area of the annular workpiece;

in the process of heating the inner and outer surfaces of the ring-shaped workpiece by the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3, when the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are moved to a certain position (in the embodiment of the present application, when the first heating unit 2 is moved to the 175 ° position, or when the second heating unit 3 is moved to the 175 ° position), the third heating unit 4 starts to operate, and the third heating unit 4 is disposed on the outer surface of the ring-shaped workpiece, which is disposed at the end position of the ring-shaped workpiece, that is, at the 180 ° position of the ring-shaped workpiece. The third heating unit 4 starts to rotate reciprocally, and the coordinates of the reciprocating rotation end points of the third heating unit 4 are dynamic coordinates, namely, a forward rotation end point coordinate (clockwise rotation) and a backward rotation end point coordinate (counterclockwise rotation), it can be understood that after the third heating unit 4 moves reciprocally to the position of the first heating unit 2 or the second heating unit 3 each time, the third heating unit stops moving continuously and moves reversely, and the position where the third heating unit 4 stops moving continuously is the forward rotation end point position or the backward rotation end point position of the reciprocating rotation.

S4, after the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece are subjected to heating treatment, the annular workpiece rotates rapidly or rotates in a reciprocating manner to be cooled;

when the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 are respectively moved to the 178 ° position of the annular workpiece, the reciprocating rotation of the third heating unit 4 is stopped, and the heating of the third heating unit 4 is stopped. Meanwhile, the third heating unit 4 starts to ascend/retreat and is far away from a heating area of the annular workpiece; and the first heating unit 2 and the second heating unit 3 continue to move to the end position of the annular workpiece until the end position is reached, and the heating is finished.

After heating is finished, the annular workpiece rotates rapidly (anticlockwise or clockwise) for a fixed angle, and spray cooling is carried out (at the moment, the annular workpiece keeps stationary or rotates back and forth at a constant speed) until the annular workpiece is cooled to the required cooling temperature range.

In the embodiment of the application, in the process of preheating and heating the annular workpiece, in order to ensure the consistency of the gap between the heating unit and the annular workpiece, the gap between the heating unit and the annular workpiece is tracked and fed back in real time in the whole heating process of the annular workpiece, so as to ensure the consistency of the gap between the heating unit and the heating surface of the annular workpiece.

In order to be able to measure the gap between the heating unit and the heating surface of the annular workpiece, in particular in the early stages of the installation. The embodiment of the application also provides a method for measuring the gap between the heating unit and the heating surface of the annular workpiece, which comprises the following steps: a specific voltage signal is introduced to a heating coil in a heating unit, when a heating coil connected with a matched manipulator control heating unit is close to a heated annular workpiece at a low speed, when the heating coil is contacted with the heating surface of the heated annular workpiece, the heating coil immediately feeds back the signal to a manipulator control system, the matched manipulator immediately stops moving, and current axis coordinate information is calculated, so that the gap value between the heating coil and the heated workpiece is automatically controlled, and due to the adoption of a gap automatic measurement and positioning system, the problems that the gap positioning of the traditional equipment needs to be judged by manual according to experience, the influence of human factors is large and the like are thoroughly solved.

Example two

Referring to fig. 7, fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating and quenching apparatus applied to induction on the surface of an annular workpiece according to the second embodiment of the present application. The heating and quenching apparatus in the embodiment of the present application includes two sets of

heating units

202, 203 and a pair of

showers

204, 205. The two sets of heating units are identical in structure, and each

heating unit pack

202, 203 includes an induction heating power supply, a heating inductor, an isolation transformer, a resonant capacitor, and a bus bar.

In the embodiment of the present application, also for convenience of description, the two groups of heating units in the embodiment of the present application are simply referred to as a first heating unit 202 and a second heating unit 203, respectively, and the first heating unit 202 and the second heating unit 203 are two heating units that operate independently, respectively. In the present embodiment, the first heating unit 202 is constituted by two sets of heating coils, and the second heating unit 203 is constituted by using one set of heating coils.

One heating coil 2021 in the first heating unit 202 is disposed outside the surface of the annular workpiece 201, and the other heating coil 2022 is disposed inside the surface of the annular workpiece 201. The above-described group of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 is adjacently arranged at the start position of the annular workpiece 201. The starting position of the annular workpiece 201 refers to the rest position when the annular workpiece starts to rotate. For convenience of description, the starting position of the annular workpiece 201 is labeled as a 0 ° position in the embodiment of the present application, and in fig. 7 of the embodiment of the present application, the starting position of the annular workpiece 201 is the highest position of the annular workpiece. The second heating unit 203 is arranged at the end position of the outer surface of the annular workpiece 201, and correspondingly, the end position of the annular workpiece 201 is marked as a position of ± 180 ° in the present embodiment, that is, the end position of the annular workpiece 201 is the lowest position of the annular workpiece, and the highest position and the lowest position are oppositely arranged in the drawings of the present embodiment. It is understood that in other embodiments, the start position and the end position of the annular workpiece 201 can be selectively arranged at other positions of the annular workpiece, and are not limited.

Referring to fig. 8, fig. 8 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of a quenching apparatus for heating a surface of an annular part according to a second embodiment of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the annular workpiece is first preheated:

the preheating process of the annular workpiece comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 7, in the preheating, the circular workpiece 201 starts to rotate reciprocally, and at the same time, the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 is kept stationary, and the pair of

coils

2021, 2022 are sequentially or simultaneously activated to heat the region where the circular workpiece 201 is rotated reciprocally. It is to be understood that the heating powers of the heating coils 2021 and 2022 of the first heating unit 202 may be independently adjusted, i.e., the heating powers of the heating coils 2021 and 2022 may be the same and/or different. The reciprocating movement regions of the inner and outer surfaces of the annular workpiece 201 are circularly heated by the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202, so that the inner and outer surfaces of the annular workpiece 201 can be preheated, and a basis is provided for subsequent heating. In the present embodiment, the reciprocating region of the ring-shaped workpiece 201 has a length in the range of 1 to 4 times the entire width of a pair of heating coils in the first heating unit. The selection of the area range can better ensure the preheating effect of the annular workpiece.

At the completion of the preheating process of the annular workpiece, i.e. after the end of the last rotation position of the annular workpiece, the annular workpiece 201 stops at the initial position (i.e. the 0 ° position in the embodiment of the present application, the highest point position of the annular part surface in fig. 7). At the same time, a pair of

showers

204, 205 starts to respectively turn on shower water to spray onto the preheated surface of the annular workpiece 201. In the embodiment of the present application, the preheating of the annular workpiece 201 is performed by using a bidirectional reciprocating movement, and simultaneously, the inner and outer surfaces of the annular workpiece 201 are heated by using the pair of

heating coils

2021 and 2022 in the first heating unit 202, so that the annular workpiece is uniformly heated, and the problem of soft quenching belt caused by a large difference of heating temperature is avoided.

The heating process of the annular workpiece comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 8, the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 are moved synchronously along the outer surface and the inner surface of the ring-shaped workpiece 201, respectively, i.e., are moved along the starting position to the ending position of the ring-shaped workpiece 201, respectively, while the ring-shaped workpiece 201 is kept stationary. During the moving heating of the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202, the pair of

showers

204, 205 are always kept in a showering state.

Referring to fig. 9, fig. 9 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of the second heating unit starting to heat the annular workpiece in a reciprocating manner according to the second embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 9, when the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 are respectively moved to the position of approximately 175 ° with respect to the annular workpiece (it is understood that, when the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 are moved to a position of the annular workpiece 201, which is selected based on the proximity of the first heating unit 202 to the end position of the annular workpiece 201, 175 ° position is selected in the present embodiment, and other moving positions may be selected in other embodiments without limitation), the second heating unit 203 starts reciprocating rotation, and the start position of the rotation is the end position of the annular workpiece 201. In the process of the reciprocating rotation of the second heating unit 203, the end position of each reciprocating rotation of the second heating unit 203 is a dynamic coordinate, that is, at this time, because the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 continues to be in the moving process, and the real-time position of the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 is a dynamic coordinate, the end position of each reciprocating rotation of the second heating unit 203 is adjusted in real time according to the position of the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202, that is, after the second heating unit 203 reciprocates to the position of one

heating coil

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202, it stops the continuous movement and performs the reverse movement, and the position where the second heating unit 203 stops the continuous movement is the forward rotation end position or the reverse rotation end position of the reciprocating rotation.

Referring to fig. 10, fig. 4 is a schematic view showing an operating state when the heating of the annular workpiece is stopped in the second embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 10, when the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 are respectively moved to the position ≈ 179 ° of the annular workpiece, the reciprocating rotation of the second heating unit 203 is stopped, and the heating of the second heating unit 203 is stopped. Meanwhile, the second heating unit 203 starts to ascend/retreat away from the heating region of the annular workpiece 201; and the pair of

heating coils

2021, 2022 in the first heating unit 202 continues to move toward the end position of the ring-shaped workpiece 201 until the end position is reached, and heating is terminated. In the embodiment of the application, in the heating end region of the annular workpiece 201, the end (folding) region of the heated annular workpiece 201 is heated in a reciprocating manner by using the reciprocating movement of the second heating unit 203, so that the controllability of the depth of the quenching hardening layer in the end region of the heated annular workpiece is ensured.

In addition, after the first heating unit 202 and the second heating unit 203 stop heating the surface of the annular workpiece 201, the annular workpiece 201 rotates rapidly (counterclockwise or clockwise) at a fixed angle, and performs spray cooling (at this time, the annular workpiece remains stationary or rotates back and forth at a constant speed) until the annular workpiece is cooled to a required cooling temperature range.

EXAMPLE III

Referring to fig. 11, fig. 11 is a schematic structural diagram of a heating quenching device applied to surface induction of an annular workpiece according to a third embodiment of the present application. The heating and quenching apparatus in the embodiment of the present application includes two sets of

heating units

302, 303 and a pair of

showers

304, 305. The two sets of

heating units

302, 303 are identical in structure, and each heating unit includes an induction heating power supply, a heating inductor, an isolation transformer, a resonant capacitor, and a bus bar.

In the present embodiment, also for convenience of description, the two groups of heating units in the present embodiment are simply referred to as a first heating unit 302 and a second heating unit 303, respectively, and the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are two heating units that operate independently, respectively. In the present embodiment, the

first heating units

302, 303 are each constituted by two sets of heating coils.

The pair of

heating coils

3021, 3022 in the first heating unit 302 are disposed outside the surface of the ring-shaped workpiece 301, and the pair of

heating coils

3031, 3032 in the second heating unit 303 are disposed inside the surface of the ring-shaped workpiece 301. The first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are adjacently disposed at the start position of the annular workpiece 301. The starting position of the annular workpiece 301 refers to the rest position when the annular workpiece starts to rotate. For convenience of description, the start position of the annular workpiece 301 is labeled as a 0 ° position in the embodiment of the present application, and in fig. 11 of the embodiment of the present application, the start position of the annular workpiece 301 is the highest position of the annular workpiece. Correspondingly, the end point position of the annular workpiece is marked as a position of +/-180 degrees in the embodiment of the application, namely the end point position of the annular workpiece is the lowest position of the annular workpiece in the drawings of the embodiment of the application, and the highest position and the lowest position are oppositely arranged. It is understood that in other embodiments, the start position and the end position of the annular workpiece can be selectively arranged at other positions of the annular workpiece, and are not limited.

Referring to fig. 12, fig. 12 is a schematic view illustrating an operation principle of the quenching apparatus for heating the surface of the annular part according to the third embodiment of the present application.

In the embodiment of the present application, the annular workpiece first starts to be preheated:

the preheating process of the annular workpiece comprises the following steps:

referring to fig. 11, during preheating, the annular workpiece 301 starts to rotate reciprocally, at the same time, the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are kept still, and the coils in the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are sequentially or simultaneously heated to heat the reciprocating area of the annular workpiece. It is to be understood that the heating powers of the heating coils in the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 may be independently adjusted, i.e., the heating powers of the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 may be the same and/or different. The reciprocating movement areas of the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece 301 are circularly heated through the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303, so that the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece can be preheated, and a foundation is provided for subsequent heating. In the present embodiment, the length of the reciprocating region of the annular workpiece 301 is in the range of 1 to 4 times the entire width of the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303. The selection of the area range can better ensure the preheating effect of the annular workpiece.

At the completion of the preheating process of the annular workpiece 301, i.e. after the end of the last rotation position of the annular workpiece 301, the annular workpiece 301 stops at the initial position (i.e. the 0 ° position in the embodiment of the present application, the highest point position of the annular part surface in fig. 11). At the same time, the pair of

showers

304, 305 starts to respectively turn on shower water to spray onto the preheated surface of the annular workpiece 301. In the embodiment of the present application, the preheating of the annular workpiece 301 is performed by adopting the bidirectional reciprocating movement, and the inner and outer surfaces of the annular workpiece 301 are heated by the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303, so that the annular workpiece 301 is uniformly heated, and the problem of the quenching soft belt caused by the large difference of the heating temperature is avoided.

The heating process of the annular workpiece comprises the following steps:

referring to FIG. 13, FIG. 13 is a schematic view showing an operation state of a quenching apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention when the surface of an annular part is heated to a certain position. The first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are moved synchronously along the outer surface and the inner surface of the annular workpiece 301, respectively, i.e. each is moved along the start position to the end position of the annular workpiece 301, while the annular workpiece 301 remains stationary. During the moving heating of the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303, the pair of

showers

304, 305 are always kept in a showering state.

Referring to fig. 14, fig. 14 is a schematic view of the heating and quenching apparatus in the third embodiment of the present application in an operating state of reciprocally heating the end region of the annular part. When the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are respectively moved to the position of the annular workpiece ≈ 175 ° (it is understood that, when the first heating unit 302 or the second heating unit 303 is moved to a position of the annular workpiece 301, the position is selected based on the position of the first heating unit 302 or the second heating unit 303 moved to the end position of the annular workpiece 301, 175 ° is selected in the embodiment of the present application, and other moving positions may be selected in other embodiments without limitation), in conjunction with fig. 15, fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the operation principle of the first heating unit 302 in the third embodiment of the present application for starting to and fro heat the annular workpiece. A

heating coil

3031, 3032 of the second heating unit 303 starts reciprocating rotation, and the starting point position of the oscillation thereof is the end point position of the ring-shaped workpiece. In the process of reciprocating rotation of the heating coil 3031 reciprocating in the second heating unit 303, the end position of each reciprocating rotation is a dynamic coordinate, that is, since the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are continuously in the moving process at this time, the real-time positions of the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 are dynamic coordinates, so that the end position of each reciprocating rotation of the heating coil 3031 reciprocating in the second heating unit 303 is adjusted in real time according to the positions of the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303.

Referring to fig. 16, fig. 16 is a schematic view illustrating an operating state of the first heating unit after heating is completed and the first heating unit is away from the heating region in the third embodiment of the present application. When the heating coil 3021 in the first heating unit 302 finishes the swing heating and reaches the set coordinates, the heating coil 3021 in the first heating unit 302 stops operating, and the heating coil 3021 starts to retreat away from the heated region; while the other heating coil 3022 in the first heating unit 302 continues to run along the circular workpiece center until reaching the heating end position.

Referring to fig. 17, fig. 17 is a schematic view illustrating an operating state of the second heating unit away from the heating region after the heating is completed in the third embodiment of the present application. Likewise, when the heating coil 3031 in the second heating unit 303 finishes the oscillating heating and reaches the set coordinates, the heating coil 3031 in the second heating unit 303 stops operating, and the heating coil 3031 starts to retreat away from the heated region; and the other heating coil 3032 in the second heating unit 303 continues to run along the center of the circular workpiece 301 until reaching the heating end position.

Referring to fig. 18, fig. 18 is a schematic view of a structural state of the ring-shaped workpiece rapidly rotated by an angle after heating and then spray-cooled according to the third embodiment of the present application.

Referring to fig. 18, after the first heating unit 302 and the second heating unit 303 stop heating the surface of the annular workpiece 301, the annular workpiece 301 is rapidly rotated (counterclockwise or clockwise) by a fixed angle, and spray cooling is performed (at this time, the annular workpiece remains stationary or rotates back and forth at a constant speed) until the annular workpiece is cooled to the required cooling temperature range.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made in the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention and their equivalents, the present invention is intended to include such modifications and variations.

Claims

1. The heating quenching method for the surface induction of the annular workpiece is characterized by comprising the following steps of:

s1, preheating, namely heating the surface of a preheating area of an annular workpiece while the heated annular workpiece rotates in a reciprocating manner;

s2, heating, namely heating the surface of the annular workpiece clockwise and anticlockwise at the same time after preheating treatment is finished, and synchronously performing spraying treatment after heating;

s3, heating the surface of the heating end region of the annular workpiece in a mode of oppositely folding the heating inductor or bidirectionally swinging and folding the heating inductor;

s4, after the surface of the annular workpiece is heated, the annular workpiece rotates for an angle rapidly or rotates in a reciprocating manner to be cooled;

the heating and quenching device comprises:

a first heating unit disposed outside or inside a surface of the annular workpiece, the first heating unit being circumferentially movable along an outer surface or an inner surface of the annular workpiece;

the first heating unit and the second heating unit are adjacently arranged at the starting position of the annular workpiece, wherein the starting position of the annular workpiece is a static position when the annular workpiece starts to rotate;

a third heating unit arranged at a terminal position of an outer surface of the annular workpiece, the terminal position of the outer surface of the annular workpiece being a position at which heating of the annular workpiece is ended; the third heating unit can perform reciprocating circumferential movement along the end point position of the outer surface of the annular workpiece; and

a pair of sprayers respectively installed in the first heating unit and the second heating unit;

in the step S3, when the first heating unit and the second heating unit move to a certain position in the process of heating the inner surface and the outer surface of the annular workpiece, the third heating unit starts to act, and is arranged on the outer surface of the annular workpiece and arranged at the end position of the annular workpiece; the third heating unit starts to rotate in a reciprocating manner, the end point coordinates of the reciprocating rotation of the third heating unit are dynamic coordinates, namely a forward rotation end point coordinate and a backward rotation end point coordinate, and it can be understood that after the third heating unit moves to the position of the first heating unit or the second heating unit in a reciprocating manner each time, the third heating unit stops moving continuously and moves reversely, and the position of the third heating unit stopping moving continuously at this time is the forward rotation end point position or the backward rotation end point position of the reciprocating rotation at this time;

in the step S4, when the first heating unit and the second heating unit respectively move to the preset positions of the annular workpiece, the third heating unit stops reciprocating rotation, and the third heating unit stops heating; meanwhile, the third heating unit starts to ascend/retreat and is far away from the heating area of the annular workpiece; the first heating unit and the second heating unit continue to move to the end position of the annular workpiece until the end position is reached, and heating is finished;

the heating quenching method also comprises a gap measuring method for measuring the gap between the heating unit and the annular workpiece, and the gap measuring method comprises the following steps: a voltage signal is introduced to a heating coil in the heating unit, when the heating coil connected with the heating unit is controlled by a matched manipulator to slowly approach to a heated annular workpiece, when the heating coil contacts with the heating surface of the heated annular workpiece, the heating coil immediately feeds back the signal to a manipulator control system, the matched manipulator immediately stops moving, current axis coordinate information is calculated, and then the gap value between the heating coil and the heated workpiece is automatically controlled.

2. The heat-quenching method as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step S1, the preheating zone is 2 to 8 times the width of a single heating inductor in the zone of the ring-shaped workpiece.

3. The heat-quenching method as claimed in claim 1 or 2, wherein step S3 is started when the ring-shaped workpiece in step S2 is heated to the end region position adjacent to the inner surface or the outer surface thereof.