CN113277197A - 一种用于液体空投的包装箱 - Google Patents

一种用于液体空投的包装箱 Download PDF

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CN113277197A
CN113277197A CN202011400779.8A CN202011400779A CN113277197A CN 113277197 A CN113277197 A CN 113277197A CN 202011400779 A CN202011400779 A CN 202011400779A CN 113277197 A CN113277197 A CN 113277197A
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parts
air
drop
layer
polypropylene
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石小鹏
马善波
张伟
颜录科
骆春佳
晁敏
赵诣林
云庆辉
尹文
李龙
乔逸
陈杨
王亚彬
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Air Force Medical University of PLA
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Abstract

本发明提供了一种用于液体空投的包装箱，所述包装箱包括空投罐，所述空投罐的罐体结构为椭球体，自带自锁式阀门出水口及注水口，围绕罐体的外周面螺旋布置有呈45°倾斜加强筋，在增强罐体强度的同时具有减阻降速效果，并可保证空中姿态与落地方式不变。其中针对油料空投罐，材料为三层三明治结构，通过气体辅助注射成型完成内外两层PP的中空罐体结构一体成型，保证罐体受强冲击后不易变形和破损。而针对饮用水空投罐，在油料空投罐基础上，在内层pp的内部滚塑一层食品级PE，以保障饮用水安全。本发明提供的包装箱，具有极强的耐冲击性能，实现罐体结构在高空落下后不破碎，不变形，液体不外溢的性能。

Description

一种用于液体空投的包装箱
技术领域
本发明涉及一种用于液体空投的包装箱。
背景技术
传统空投托盘与空投箱等用于物料递送的材料包括木材、橡胶、钢材与热固 性树脂等，这些都是不可再生资源，且多采用降落伞辅助降速；而且用于作战时 这些包装材料的投递往往无法及时将急需品(如食品、油料、救护器材与药品、 物资与设备等)及时送达。更为严重的是，在空投落地瞬间下降速度达到最大值， 即使是高韧性材料也会转变为脆性材料，受到强烈撞击从而失效，进而导致所投 运材料的形状、功能和性质等直接破坏或泄露，从而很大程度上延误战场后勤供 应与抢救时机。急需新型无伞空投包装材料的开发。
本项目以通用塑料为基材，通过原材料优选、配方设计，开发内部具有大量 微孔的夹芯层材料，进而探索开发新型无伞空投包装材料；针对无伞空投物资种 类和着陆环境进行产品结构设计，减少用料和自重，降低生产和运输成本，结合 成型模具结构设计优化确定空投包装的成型方法与工艺，开展产品试制和组装工 艺研究，同时进行摩擦磨损、冲击与碰撞测试试验，对材料的抗冲击性能、耐损 耗性能进行***性评价，确定材料用于食品、油料、救护器材与药品、物资与设 备等多种空投物资包装的安全性、可靠性和质量可控性，采用直升机空投物资在 一般土地、草地、沙漠、厚雪、水域等不同着陆环境的精确高效、全天候、全地 域无伞投递；材料本身具有绿色环保可回收性，对材料进行二次回收制作，研究 二次回收材料所制作产品的综合性能，验证了该材料的具有可回收利用性，减少 生产成本和环境污染。
发明内容
本发明提供了一种用于液体空投的包装箱，所述包装箱包括空投罐，所述空 投罐的罐体结构为椭球体，自带自锁式阀门出水口及注水口，围绕罐体的外周面 螺旋布置有呈45°倾斜加强筋，在增强罐体强度的同时具有减阻降速效果，并 可保证空中姿态与落地方式不变。其中针对油料空投罐，材料为三层三明治结构， 通过气体辅助注射成型完成内外两层PP的中空罐体结构一体成型，保证罐体受 强冲击后不易变形和破损，而后在内外两层夹持的空间内注发泡PP，形成中间 缓冲层。而针对饮用水空投罐，在油料空投罐基础上，在内层pp的内部滚塑一 层食品级PE，以保障饮用水安全。本发明提供的包装箱，具有极强的耐冲击性 能，实现罐体结构在高空落下后不破碎，不变形，液体不外溢的性能。具体的方案如下：
一种用于液体空投的包装箱，所述包装箱包括空投罐，所述空投罐的罐体结 构为椭球体，自带自锁式阀门出水口及注水口，围绕罐体的外周面螺旋布置有呈 45°倾斜加强筋，在增强罐体强度的同时具有减阻降速效果，能保证空中姿态与 落地方式不变；其中罐体材料为三层三明治结构，通过气体辅助注射成型完成内 外两层聚丙烯PP材料的中空罐体结构一体成型，而后在内外两层夹持的空间内 注发泡聚丙烯PP材料，形成中间缓冲层，保证罐体受强冲击后不易变形和破损。
进一步的，其中所述内外两层聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯 110-120质量份、氯丁橡胶20-25份，聚乙烯20-24质量份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二 烯共聚物12-15质量份，含羟基的丙烯酸酯6-8质量份，环氧树脂6-8质量份， 氧化锌3-5质量份、二氧化钛3-5质量份、以及第一助剂14-16质量份。
进一步的，所述第一助剂由以下成分组成：聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯12质量 份，异氰酸酯8质量份，癸基三甲氧基硅烷3质量份、马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的 共聚物4质量份，N-羟基正辛酰胺1质量份。
进一步的，其中所述发泡聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯树脂90-100 质量份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体20-22质量份，聚丙烯发泡剂22-24份，聚对苯二 甲酸丁二醇酯14-16质量份，碳酸氢钠8-10质量份，以及第二助剂10-12质量份。
进一步的，所述第二助剂由以下成分组成：季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯8质量 份，聚乙二醇4质量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯6质量份，羧甲基纤维素5质量份， 对苯二胺2质量份。
进一步的，其中内层pp的内表面滚塑有一层食品级聚乙烯PE。
本发明具有如下有益效果：
1)、内外层的pp材料通过改进配方工艺，具有较好的加工性能，并且加入 第一助剂，具有高韧性，高弹性、耐摩擦，抗磨损性能、抗冲击与碰撞性能，以 及耐老性能的特点，能够作为外层抗老化抗冲击和碰撞，并且作为内层能够保护 盛装物的性能。
2)、发泡聚丙烯PP材料通过改进配方工艺，并且加入第二助剂，能够吸收 撞击产生的冲击力，同时缓解外层和内层之间的机械应力，提高复合壳体的耐冲 击性能，能够经受住高空坠落撞击而保持结构不变，并且极大的降低的包装箱的 质量。
3)、发明人发现，第一助剂和第二助剂之间存在配合作用，当内层和外层加 入第一助剂，中间层中加入第二助剂，能够提高三层之间的连接强度，能够防止 壳体在撞击时发生层间脱离，防止壳体变形或破碎。
附图说明
图1为本发明包装箱罐体的立体图
图2为本发明包装箱罐体的剖面图
具体实施方式
本发明下面将通过具体的实施例进行更详细的描述，但本发明的保护范围并 不受限于这些实施例。包装箱包括空投罐，所述空投罐的罐体结构为椭球体，自 带自锁式阀门出水口及注水口，围绕罐体的外周面螺旋布置有呈45°倾斜加强 筋，在增强罐体强度的同时具有减阻降速效果，能保证空中姿态与落地方式不变； 其中罐体材料为三层三明治结构，通过气体辅助注射成型完成内外两层聚丙烯 PP材料的中空罐体结构一体成型，而后在内外两层夹持的空间内注发泡聚丙烯 PP材料，形成中间缓冲层；当包装箱盛装饮用水时，内层pp的内表面滚塑有一 层食品级聚乙烯PE。
实施例1
内外两层聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯110质量份、氯丁橡胶20 份，聚乙烯20质量份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物12质量份，含羟基的丙烯 酸酯6质量份，环氧树脂6质量份，氧化锌3质量份、二氧化钛3质量份。
发泡聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯树脂90质量份，聚乙烯辛烯共 弹性体20质量份，聚丙烯发泡剂22份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯14质量份，碳 酸氢钠8质量份。
实施例2
内外两层聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯110质量份、氯丁橡胶20 份，聚乙烯20质量份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物12质量份，含羟基的丙烯 酸酯6质量份，环氧树脂6质量份，氧化锌3质量份、二氧化钛3质量份、以及 第一助剂14质量份。
第一助剂由以下成分组成：聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯12质量份，异氰酸酯8 质量份，癸基三甲氧基硅烷3质量份、马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物4质量份， N-羟基正辛酰胺1质量份。
发泡聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯树脂90质量份，聚乙烯辛烯共 弹性体20质量份，聚丙烯发泡剂22份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯14质量份，碳 酸氢钠8质量份，以及第二助剂10质量份。
第二助剂由以下成分组成：季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯8质量份，聚乙二醇4 质量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯6质量份，羧甲基纤维素5质量份，对苯二胺2 质量份。
实施例3
内外两层聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯120质量份、氯丁橡胶25 份，聚乙烯24质量份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物15质量份，含羟基的丙烯 酸酯8质量份，环氧树脂8质量份，氧化锌5质量份、二氧化钛5质量份。
发泡聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯树脂100质量份，聚乙烯辛烯 共弹性体22质量份，聚丙烯发泡剂24份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯16质量份， 碳酸氢钠10质量份。
实施例4
内外两层聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯120质量份、氯丁橡胶25 份，聚乙烯24质量份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物15质量份，含羟基的丙烯 酸酯8质量份，环氧树脂8质量份，氧化锌5质量份、二氧化钛5质量份、以及 第一助剂16质量份。
第一助剂由以下成分组成：聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯12质量份，异氰酸酯8 质量份，癸基三甲氧基硅烷3质量份、马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物4质量份，N-羟基正辛酰胺1质量份。
发泡聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯树脂100质量份，聚乙烯辛烯 共弹性体22质量份，聚丙烯发泡剂24份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯16质量份， 碳酸氢钠10质量份，以及第二助剂12质量份。
第二助剂由以下成分组成：季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯8质量份，聚乙二醇4 质量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯6质量份，羧甲基纤维素5质量份，对苯二胺2 质量份。
测试及结果
按照实施例1-4的组分比例制作内外层，再填充中间层，制成平面板材测试， 其中平面板材的尺寸为80mm*10mm*4mm，其中外层厚度为1mm，内层厚度为 1mm，中间层厚度为2mm。
拉伸性能测试：按ISO527-2标准进行测试，拉伸速度为5mm/min。
弯曲性能测试：按ISO178标准进行测试,弯曲速度为2mm/min。
抗翘曲变形能力按纵横收缩率比值，测试样板尺寸为150mm×100mm× 4mm。
抗冲击性能测试：按ISO179标准进行测试,弯曲速度为2mm/min
层间分离形变指数：测量层间分离时板的两端所在延长线的夹角度数，弯曲 速度为2mm/min
表1
项目 实施例1 实施例2 实施例3 实施例4
拉伸强度(MPa) 154 176 152 178
弯曲强度(MPa) 172 185 170 184
弯曲模量(MPa) 6120 6340 6150 6320
抗冲击强度(KJ/m<sup>2</sup>) 14.5 17.1 14.4 17.2
层间分离形变指数(度) 28 42 27 45
本发明得到的板材，各项参数均优于现有的板材性能，并且实施例2/4由于 加入了第一助剂和第二助剂，各项参数明显优于实施例1/3的板材性能，尤其是 层间分离形变指数，表示实施例2/4的板材的层间结合力明显提高。
尽管本发明的内容已经通过上述优选实施例作了详细介绍，但是应当认识到 上述的描述不应被认为是对本发明的限制。

Claims (6)

1.一种用于液体空投的包装箱，所述包装箱包括空投罐，所述空投罐的罐体结构为椭球体，罐体上设置有自锁式阀门出水口及自锁式阀门注水口，围绕罐体的外周面螺旋布置有呈45°倾斜的加强筋，所述加强筋在增强罐体强度的同时具有减阻降速效果，能保证包装箱在空中下落的姿态与落地方式不变；其中罐体材料为三层三明治结构，通过气体辅助注射成型完成内外两层聚丙烯PP材料的中空罐体结构一体成型，而后在内外两层夹持的空间内注发泡聚丙烯PP材料，形成中间缓冲层，保证罐体受强冲击后不易变形和破损。
2.如上述权利要求1所述的包装箱，其中所述内外两层聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯110-120质量份、氯丁橡胶20-25份，聚乙烯20-24质量份、丙烯腈-苯乙烯-丁二烯共聚物12-15质量份，含羟基的丙烯酸酯6-8质量份，环氧树脂6-8质量份，氧化锌3-5质量份、二氧化钛3-5质量份、以及第一助剂14-16质量份。
3.如上述权利要求1-2所述的包装箱，所述第一助剂由以下成分组成：聚对苯二甲酸丙二醇酯12质量份，异氰酸酯8质量份，癸基三甲氧基硅烷3质量份、马来酸酐与丙烯酸甲酯的共聚物4质量份，N-羟基正辛酰胺1质量份。
4.如上述权利要求1-3所述的包装箱，其中所述发泡聚丙烯PP材料由以下成分组成：聚丙烯树脂90-100质量份，聚乙烯辛烯共弹性体20-22质量份，聚丙烯发泡剂22-24份，聚对苯二甲酸丁二醇酯14-16质量份，碳酸氢钠8-10质量份，以及第二助剂10-12质量份。
5.如上述权利要求1-4所述的包装箱，所述第二助剂由以下成分组成：季戊四醇双二甲基硅酸酯8质量份，聚乙二醇4质量份，马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯6质量份，羧甲基纤维素5质量份，对苯二胺2质量份。
6.如上述权利要求1-4所述的包装箱，其中内层pp的内表面滚塑有一层食品级聚乙烯PE。
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