Moving desorptive equipment for activated coke
One, technical field:
The present invention is a kind of device that the activated coke of adsorbing sulfur dioxide is regenerated and restored, and belongs to the technical field of chemical industry equipment, the manufacturing of atmospheric cleaning environmental protection equipment.
Two, background technology:
In adopting the dry desulfurization denitration purifying device of activated coke as desulfurizing agent, denitrating catalyst, activated coke is adsorbed sulfur in smoke, and be stored in the sulfuric acid form in the micropore of activated coke, activated coke is progressively lost the adsorption capacity of sulfur dioxide was lost efficacy, for this reason, must come into operation again to after its recovery of regenerating.
The regeneration condition of activated coke and regeneration require: react the regular hour under the condition of about 400 ℃ of temperature and oxygen-free seal.As industrial equipment, its process must be the dynamic moving bed that carries out continuously, and its regeneration gas also should be discharged continuously.
At present, the reclaim equiment of activated coke, often adopt two the joint vertical tubular type transducer structure, be divided into bringing-up section, reative cell, cooling section, at bringing-up section and cooling section, activated coke moves in pipeline, and heated air stream is in the pipeline outside, by duct wall, carry out thermal energy exchange, activated coke is heated; Between the vertical tubular type transducer of two joints, arrange reative cell, at this, the sulfur dioxide that activated coke discharged is extracted.Import and export in activated coke adopts axially material valve.This kind device, not only complex structure overhauls extremely inconvenient; And activated coke is heated inhomogeneous in pipeline, and moving resistance is big, has mobile dead angle, expects that axially valve seal is bad.Activated coke 150 ℃ and more than, just begin desorb, at bringing-up section, cooling section, the desorption process that sulfur dioxide is just arranged, the gas of its desorb, under this structure, the resistance ratios of leading to reative cell is bigger, the part sulfur dioxide gas will outwards discharge by the axial material valve of import and export, pollutes working environment.In addition, the heating source of present activated coke desorption apparatus, most employing combustion of natural gas, gas-fired, electrical heating etc., and the energy that cooling is discharged to activated coke are not recycled, and energy consumption is big, the operating cost height.
Three, summary of the invention:
(1) goal of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of obvious energy conservation, simple and reasonable, reaction evenly fully, space utilization is reasonable, moving resistance is little, do not have mobile dead angle, heating energy source is convenient, flexible, operating cost is low moving desorptive equipment for activated coke.
(2) technical scheme
Activated coke desorption apparatus of the present invention, by by reactor body, heater, exhaust apparatus and volume control device are formed, this device is from top to bottom by the import warehouse, imported valve, the import transitional storehouse, heating cabinet, reaction warehouse, the cooling storehouse, the outlet transitional storehouse, outlet valve links to each other in proper order and forms, between the outer wall of the above each several part of outlet transitional storehouse, being equipped with heat-barrier material will go up, the outer wall of following each several part is isolated from each other, in heating cabinet, be provided with the heat exchanger of heating, in the cooling storehouse, be provided with cooling heat exchanger, heat and be communicated with by circulating pump between the bottom of top and cooling heat exchanger of heat exchanger, heat and be communicated with by heater between the top of heat exchanger bottom and cooling heat exchanger, in reaction warehouse, reach the top of heating cabinet, be equipped with blast pipe, this blast pipe is communicated with aspiration pump, heat heat exchanger and cooling heat exchanger is end to end by a plurality of thermal transducers, is in series; A plurality of thermal transducers structurally also can be made the member of an integral body; Air distribution plate is arranged in the pipe joint of heat exchanger and cooling heat exchanger and heater and circulating pump of heating all adopts, the deformable joints of ring flange arranged outward; Imported valve and outlet valve are sealing gland valve or machinery material valve, and can adopt the structure of a plurality of imported valves, outlet valve as required; Heating is communicated with by circulating pump between the bottom of top and cooling heat exchanger of heat exchanger, is in closed loop work, and the direct emptying in top of the heat exchanger of perhaps will heating, the bottom of cooling heat exchanger are communicated with blower fan and are in operate in open loop state.
The course of work of activated coke regeneration desorb is as follows: need the activated coke of regeneration, send into import storehouse 1 by feed mechanism after, under the effect of deadweight, move from top to bottom, through imported valve 2, import transitional storehouse 3, enter into heating cabinet 4.In the heating cabinet, in the metal tube heat-exchanging component, be connected with the high air-flow of the burnt temperature of specific activity, activated coke is carried out thermal energy exchange with it, obtain heat energy.Slowly move down with activated coke, the temperature of activated coke can progressively raise, and by about 110 ℃ of when inlet, when leaving heating cabinet 4, will arrive about 400 ℃.After entering reaction warehouse 5, activated coke keeps temperature at this, and the sulfur dioxide adsorbed by activated coke is desorbed, and is extracted by the extraction pipe layers 51 in the reaction warehouse 5, delivers to the regeneration gas cleaning equipment and purifies.After the purification, send into byproduct and transform production equipment.Activated coke then continues to move down, and enters the cooling storehouse.In the cooling storehouse 6, in the metal tube heat-exchanging component, be connected with the low air-flow of the burnt temperature of specific activity, activated coke is carried out thermal energy exchange with it, lose heat energy.Slowly move down with activated coke, the temperature of activated coke can progressively reduce, and when entering about 400 ℃ when leaving cooling storehouse 6, will be reduced to about 120 ℃ and enter outlet transitional storehouse 7.Outlet transitional storehouse 7 does not wrap up heat preserving and insulating material, the temperature of activated coke can further progressively reduce, send into screening installation through outlet valve 8, the activated coke powder of removing dust adsorbed on the activated coke and producing because of mechanical wear, become the activated coke of the demobilization of regenerating, be used for adsorbing once more use.Because activated coke more than 150 ℃, just begins desorb, regeneration gas is diffusion upwards, therefore on the top of heating cabinet 4, has also arranged regeneration gas to extract pipe layers 52.Regeneration gas to desorbing from cooling storehouse, reaction warehouse is at first extracted by the extraction tube layer in the reaction warehouse, regeneration gas that moves upward and the regeneration gas that desorbs at heating cabinet, and then the extraction pipe layers 52 by the top of heating cabinet 4 extracts.
(3) technique effect
That the present invention has is simple in structure, evenly fully and not there is the dead angle in reaction, moving resistance is little, make full use of used heat and energy savings, heating energy source is convenient, flexible, operating cost is low advantage, the present invention can also use at needs certain material is reacted or cracking at a certain temperature in addition, to obtain the occasion of a kind of solid matter and a kind of gaseous substance.Its advantage is in particular in: ● the activated coke homogeneous heating is even with cooling, and evenly fully, the activated coke moving resistance is little in reaction.Heating, cool metal pipe transduction assembly are provided with multilayer.Every layer has many pipelines, the pipeline of levels on the space is provided with not on same vertical plane, what pass through in the pipeline is gas, its pipe diameter can be smaller, and pipeline distance each other, as long as can guarantee the activated coke particle can conveniently pass through, this distance is more much smaller than the diameter of currently used transducer pipeline (inner by the activated coke particle), guaranteed that activated coke particle and water back touch opportunity increase, thermal energy exchange is apart from shortening, add activated coke stirring in moving process, make the activated coke heating more much better than the transducer that adopts at present with the even performance of cooling.Do not exist the interior activated coke of the vertical tubular type transducer of two joints in crossing pipe, to move because of the existing activated coke of edge effect moves, the uneven shortcoming of thermal energy exchange yet.● make full use of used heat and energy savings, heating energy source are convenient, flexible, operating cost is low.A plurality of heating, cool metal pipe transduction assembly are set, on gas circuit, contact by rule.The heat energy that activated coke cooling is discharged is used to heating to activated coke and is recycled, and the heat energy that heat energy is supplied with only is used for the entrained heat energy of walking of compensation regeneration gas, keeps desorber heat energy that environment discharges towards periphery.In design, to the outlet transitional storehouse with top, all around bulkhead interconnect between the place heat insulation with heat-barrier material, outer wall parcel heat preserving and insulating material, heat-energy losses minimum.Not only save heat energy greatly, also overcome simultaneously completely heating, cooling that present duct type transducer exists, make activated coke because sharply cold and hot and increase damaged shortcoming.Heat energy selects one of following mode to obtain: the flue gas that flue gas directly uses and coal burns of natural gas, coal gas, oils burning, the high hot steam of power plant obtain by heat exchanger; Can also by or electric heater heating, electric heater add that hybrid mode a kind of in the aforementioned manner obtains.The flue gas that adopts coal furnace is as thermal source, and its fuel source is easy and cheap, and the activated coke dust and the molecule of screened separation, can be with the coal use that acts as a fuel.Operating cost reduces.● good seal performance, regeneration gas extracts fully in time.The activated coke desorb need be carried out under sealing and oxygen free condition, the present invention is provided with imported valve and outlet valve, adds and be in micro-vacuum state, the reaction warehouse in flexible heat-insulating heat-barrier material pad, the reaction body and the top of heating cabinet is provided with multi-layer recycled gas extraction pipe layers at the wall position that combines in the outer wall in segmentation place of desorber and each storehouse and metal tube transduction assembly and storehouse, guaranteed the device good seal performance, regeneration gas extracts fully in time.● simple in structure firm, processing is repaired convenient.Heat exchanger in whole heating cabinet or the cooling storehouse is the integral body of every metal tube layer series connection in parallel in twos, and a plurality of support floors that help heat exchange are set, and the globality of assembly, mechanical strength and rigidity are strengthened the strong point greatly to be increased.Assembly can mount and dismount easily by guide rail in the storehouse, and assembly can carry out processing as standard module construction on Special Equipment, help the maintenance of equipment greatly.
Four, description of drawings;
Fig. 1 is a general structure schematic diagram of the present invention, import warehouse 1, imported valve 2, import transitional storehouse 3, heating cabinet 4, the heat exchanger 41 of heating, reaction warehouse 5, following blast pipe 51 is wherein arranged, go up blast pipe 52, exhaust pump 53, cooling storehouse 6, cooling heat exchanger 61, outlet transitional storehouse 7, outlet valve 8, circulating pump 9, heater 10, aspiration pump 53.
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of transducer among the present invention, wherein have energy converting pipe A1, preceding connect air chamber A2, after connect air chamber A3, help heat exchange to support floor A4.
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 4 is the another kind of structural representation of transducer among the present invention, energy converting pipe A1, preceding even air chamber A2 is wherein arranged, help heat exchange to support floor A4.
Fig. 5 is the vertical view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 6 connects the layout structure schematic diagram that air chamber A2 goes up energy converting pipe A1 before being.
Five, the specific embodiment
In the moving desorptive equipment for activated coke of the present invention, activated coke desorption apparatus body and inner thermal transducer both can all adopt corrosion resistant stainless steel to make, and also can only adopt stainless steel to the energy converting pipe that is in high temperature section and other parts adopt carbon steels to make.Device is from top to bottom by import warehouse 1, imported valve 2, import transitional storehouse 3, heating cabinet 4, reaction warehouse 5, cooling storehouse 6, outlet transitional storehouse 7, outlet valve 8 orders link to each other and form, between the outer wall of outlet transitional storehouse 7 above each several parts, being equipped with heat-barrier material will go up, the outer wall of following each several part is isolated from each other, in heating cabinet 4, be provided with the heat exchanger 41 of heating, in cooling storehouse 6, be provided with cooling heat exchanger 61, heat and be communicated with by circulating pump 9 between the bottom of top and cooling heat exchanger 61 of heat exchanger 41, heat and be communicated with by heater 10 between the top of bottom and cooling heat exchanger 61 of heat exchanger 41, in reaction warehouse 5, reach the top of heating cabinet 4, be respectively equipped with blast pipe 52 and blast pipe 51, blast pipe 52 links to each other with aspiration pump with following blast pipe 51 on this.The heat exchanger 41 of heating is end to end by a plurality of transducers with cooling heat exchanger 61, is in series, and a plurality of transducers structurally also can be made the member of an integral body.Heat a plurality of transducers in heat exchanger 41 and the cooling heat exchanger 61, by the hot energy converting pipe A1 of multilayer with two respectively with preceding connect air chamber A2, after connect air chamber A3 and connect to form, wherein on energy converting pipe A1, be provided with many row's heat exchange fin A4, energy converting pipe A1 spatially is not arranged on the same vertical plane, be the upper and lower setting of staggering, after air chamber A3 also can carry out bending with the energy converting pipe A1 of upper and lower connection and connect and replace.Air distribution plate is arranged in the pipe joint of heat exchanger 41 and cooling heat exchanger 61 and heater 10 and circulating pump 9 of heating all adopts, the deformable joints of ring flange arranged outward.Imported valve 2 is sealing gland valve or machinery material valve with outlet valve 8, and can adopt the structure of a plurality of imported valves 2, outlet valve 8 as required.Both can be communicated with by circulating pump 9 between the bottom with the top of the heat exchanger 41 of heating and cooling heat exchanger 61, be in closed loop work, the direct emptying in top of the heat exchanger (41) of perhaps will heating, the bottom of cooling heat exchanger (61) are communicated with blower fan 9 and are in operate in open loop state.
The activated coke desorb need be carried out under sealing and oxygen free condition, and imported valve and outlet valve are set.The effect of valve is: can allow activated coke pass through smoothly when can seal the gas in the desorption apparatus.It can be the sealing gland valve, also can be the desorb valve.Adopt the sealing gland valve, promptly around imported valve, the air nozzle that angle makes progress slightly is set, eject high velocity air from it, discharge to activated coke import warehouse through diffusion, angle downward air nozzle slightly is set around the outlet valve, ejects high velocity air, discharge to sorting mechanism through diffusion from it.Its gas can adopt nitrogen, but the operating cost height.Relatively good way is to adopt carbon dioxide.Because there is about 30% carbon dioxide in the regeneration gas, after the regeneration gas purification, carbon dioxide separation is come out, be stored in the high pressure gas holder and use.The sealing gland valve have do not wear and tear, not shear active Jiao's characteristics, and insulation, heat-proof quality are relatively good, and do not increase the heat-energy losses of desorption apparatus.Adopt the material valve of machinery, should select for use to the material valve that activated coke is worn and torn, shear action is as far as possible little, as star, butterfly baiting valve.But, although this moment its good seal performance, a spot of air (including 20% oxygen) can enter reaction tower with the hole of activated coke.In addition, the outer wall in segmentation place of desorber, each storehouse, metal tube transduction assembly and storehouse combine the wall position, add flexible heat-insulating heat-barrier material pad, and allow it combine closely, company's air chamber of reliable weld metal pipe transduction assembly.Under aspiration pump and extraction tube effect, be in micro-vacuum state in the reaction body, the gas of regeneration can not overflow outside the desorber.Heating, cool metal pipe transduction assembly are provided with multilayer.In the metal tube transduction assembly, every layer has many pipelines, the pipeline of levels on the space is provided with not on same vertical plane, what pass through in the pipeline is gas, its pipe diameter can be smaller, and pipeline distance each other, as long as can guarantee the activated coke particle can conveniently pass through, this distance is more much smaller than the diameter of currently used transducer pipeline (inner by the activated coke particle), guaranteed that activated coke particle and water back touch opportunity increase, thermal energy exchange is apart from shortening, add activated coke stirring in moving process, make the activated coke heating more much better than the transducer that adopts at present with the even performance of cooling.
A plurality of heating, cool metal pipe transduction assembly are set, and they are contacted by rule on gas circuit.The gas that the transduction assembly of being gone up most by the cooling storehouse comes out, have than higher temperature (about 300~350 ℃), be admitted to heat energy further heat (about 450~500 ℃), send into the nethermost metal tube transduction assembly of heating cabinet then, heated air from bottom to top flows, and carries out thermal energy exchange with activated coke from top to down, and heated air from bottom to top temperature progressively reduces, activated coke from top to bottom moves, and temperature progressively raises; The uppermost metal tube transduction assembly of heating cabinet, the internal gas temperature progressively is reduced to about 110 ℃, delivers to the nethermost metal tube transduction assembly in cooling storehouse.In the cooling storehouse, gas flows by progressively going up down, carries out thermal energy exchange with activated coke from top to down, and gas temperature progressively raises, and to cooling off the uppermost metal tube transduction assembly in storehouse, gas temperature progressively increases to about 300~350 ℃; From top to bottom the activated coke temperature of Yi Donging progressively is reduced to 120 ℃.Like this, the heat energy that the activated coke cooling is discharged is used to be recycled to the activated coke heating.The heat energy that heat energy is supplied with only is used for the entrained heat energy of walking of compensation regeneration gas, keeps desorber heat energy that environment discharges towards periphery.The former, because throughput is few, the entrained heat energy of walking is few; The latter because in design, interconnects between the place heat insulationly with heat-barrier material with bulkhead around the top to the output transitional storehouse, the heat energy between each storehouse can not and be lost because of the heat conduction of metal silo wall; The output transitional storehouse makes the heat-energy losses minimum with the outer wall parcel heat preserving and insulating material on top.Therefore the heat energy of loss is a very little part.Like this, not only save heat energy greatly, and overcome the shortcoming that present duct type transducer exists: completely heat, cool off, make activated coke, increase damaged because sharply cold and hot.
The metal tube transduction assembly.It by many metal tubes, after connect air chamber, precedingly connect air chamber and a plurality of support floor is formed.Metal tube arranges by multilayer, and bilevel metal tube not on same vertical plane, helps activated coke when mobile from top to down on the space is provided with, and can constantly stir and makes thermal energy exchange even.Therefore, the quantity of bilevel metal tube, it is that odd number, one deck are even number that one deck must be arranged, and should be every double layer of metal pipe, is in parallel for gas flow.By after connect air chamber, up and down metal tube layer in parallel in twos is together in series.Before connect air chamber, be divided into two-layerly up and down, separate mutually, but they respectively on, to being opening down, like this, can with upper and lower assembly before connect the air chamber connection of connecting, making whole heating cabinet or cooling storehouse, is the integral body of every metal tube layer series connection in parallel in twos.Assembly is provided with a plurality of gripper shoes, has strengthened heat and has changed area, and globality, mechanical strength and the rigidity of assembly are strengthened greatly, has increased the strong point on heating cabinet or cooling storehouse internal guide rail simultaneously.Assembly can mount and dismount easily, and assembly can carry out processing as standard module construction on Special Equipment by heating cabinet or cooling storehouse internal guide rail.When the cranky needs of a certain metal tube are changed, only assembly need be changed.Unlike the vertical tubular type transducer of two joints, when the cranky needs of a certain metal tube are changed, with the danger that exists whole device to scrap.Help the maintenance of equipment greatly.Certainly, assembly can be done to such an extent that scale is big: can be to be combined by above-mentioned plural basic module, become bigger assembly; Also can after connect air chamber, and directly metal tube is carried out bending and direct polyphone, also can contact with crooked joint and metal tube welding.
Among the present invention, the flow velocity that passes through the defeated adjusting of circulating pump pressure heat cycles gas that the adjusting of heated air temperature is passable; Perhaps carrying is the heat energy output of regulating heat energy, makes the input gas temperature of heating cabinet adjusted.Heat energy can obtain like this: directly adopt the flue gas of natural gas, coal gas, oils burning, perhaps adopt the flue gas of coal burning, the high hot steam of power plant to obtain by heat exchanger; Perhaps obtain with the electric heater heating; Or electric heater adds that the hybrid mode of a kind of heat energy in the aforementioned manner obtains.Hybrid mode can be utilized the low advantage of prices easy to adjust, other energy of electric energy, reaches the purpose of high running quality, low relatively operating cost.The flue gas that adopts coal furnace is one of characteristics of the present invention as thermal source, and its fuel source is easy and cheap, and this can make the user who adapts to the active coke dry-method desulfuration technology more, and operating cost is lower.Adopt another benefit of coal furnace to be: the activated coke dust and the molecule of screened separation, can be with coal to use that act as a fuel, the waste material that the activated coke desorb produces can obtain in time, simply processing.Flue gas through thermal energy exchange under the effect of air-introduced machine, is sent to the smoke inlet of active coke dry-method desulfuration adsorption reaction bed, and the flue gas that purifies with needs together purifies and emptying.
In reaction warehouse, multi-layer recycled gas extraction pipe layers is set, simultaneously on the top of heating cabinet, also arranged regeneration gas extraction tube layer.Since activated coke 150 ℃ and more than, just begin desorb, and regeneration gas has the upwards motion of diffusion; Therefore, to the regeneration gas that desorbs from cooling storehouse, reaction warehouse, at first extract pipe layers and extract,, then extract pipe layers and extract by the regeneration gas on the top of heating cabinet to the regeneration gas of upwards motion and the regeneration gas that desorbs at heating cabinet by the regeneration gas in the reaction warehouse.Desorption gas is entered extraction tube with shortest path, reach fast, fully, the purpose that is extracted equably.
Cutting agency for the device of gas production envelope valve can adopt scraper plate, activated coke is not being produced under the situation of shearing, constantly blow the part of the activated coke heap of piling up naturally in the exit off, regulate the frequency of scraper plate action, regulate output quantity, reach the speed that activated coke moves of regulating; For the device that adopts machinery valve, the running speed of directly regulating blanking device promptly can reach.Like this, make the desorption process of activated coke operate at continuous optimum state.
For handling activated coke device capacious, can adopt the structure of a plurality of imports, outlet, to reduce whole height of devices.This moment desorption apparatus, actual is a plurality of organic simple combination of the present utility model.Therefore, the utility model is a kind of basic module of modularized design.When a plurality of module combinations, adjacent of module can directly communicate, and does not need to separate with heat preserving and insulating material.