CN113266503B - Knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment - Google Patents

Knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment Download PDF

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CN113266503B
CN113266503B CN202110629049.3A CN202110629049A CN113266503B CN 113266503 B CN113266503 B CN 113266503B CN 202110629049 A CN202110629049 A CN 202110629049A CN 113266503 B CN113266503 B CN 113266503B
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control unit
electronic control
parameter
parameters
knock
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CN113266503A (en
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高莹
寇亚林
弓栋梁
尤岳林
王玉让
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Jilin University
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02P—IGNITION, OTHER THAN COMPRESSION IGNITION, FOR INTERNAL-COMBUSTION ENGINES; TESTING OF IGNITION TIMING IN COMPRESSION-IGNITION ENGINES
    • F02P5/00—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor
    • F02P5/04—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions
    • F02P5/145—Advancing or retarding ignition; Control therefor automatically, as a function of the working conditions of the engine or vehicle or of the atmospheric conditions using electrical means
    • F02P5/15—Digital data processing
    • F02P5/152—Digital data processing dependent on pinking
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D13/00—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing
    • F02D13/02—Controlling the engine output power by varying inlet or exhaust valve operating characteristics, e.g. timing during engine operation
    • F02D13/0223—Variable control of the intake valves only
    • F02D13/0234—Variable control of the intake valves only changing the valve timing only
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D35/00—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D35/02—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions
    • F02D35/027—Controlling engines, dependent on conditions exterior or interior to engines, not otherwise provided for on interior conditions using knock sensors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D37/00—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for
    • F02D37/02—Non-electrical conjoint control of two or more functions of engines, not otherwise provided for one of the functions being ignition
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/005—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] according to engine operating conditions
    • F02D41/0055—Special engine operating conditions, e.g. for regeneration of exhaust gas treatment apparatus
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0025—Controlling engines characterised by use of non-liquid fuels, pluralities of fuels, or non-fuel substances added to the combustible mixtures
    • F02D41/0047—Controlling exhaust gas recirculation [EGR]
    • F02D41/0077—Control of the EGR valve or actuator, e.g. duty cycle, closed loop control of position
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02M—SUPPLYING COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL WITH COMBUSTIBLE MIXTURES OR CONSTITUENTS THEREOF
    • F02M26/00—Engine-pertinent apparatus for adding exhaust gases to combustion-air, main fuel or fuel-air mixture, e.g. by exhaust gas recirculation [EGR] systems
    • F02M26/13—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories
    • F02M26/22—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage
    • F02M26/33—Arrangement or layout of EGR passages, e.g. in relation to specific engine parts or for incorporation of accessories with coolers in the recirculation passage controlling the temperature of the recirculated gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
    • F02D41/00—Electrical control of supply of combustible mixture or its constituents
    • F02D41/0002—Controlling intake air
    • F02D2041/001—Controlling intake air for engines with variable valve actuation
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/40—Engine management systems

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Electrical Control Of Ignition Timing (AREA)
  • Combined Controls Of Internal Combustion Engines (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment, which aims to solve the problem of excessive or insufficient adjustment of a single parameter in the existing knock suppression technology and comprises the following steps: 1) the electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks: (1) the electronic control unit adjusts each parameter to a calibration working condition; (2) the electronic control unit determines the influence degree and specific gravity sequencing of multiple parameters on the knocking under the current working condition; 2) the electronic control unit judges the number and the sequence of the adjusting parameters under the current engine working condition: (1) the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter; (2) the electronic control unit judges the number and the sequence of the adjustment parameters for the second time; 3) the electronic control unit determines the step size of the adjustment parameter: the adjustment step size of each parameter is determined by information stored in the electronic control unit as:
Figure DDA0003098281590000011
4) and the electronic control unit sends the parameter command of the coordinated regulation to the corresponding actuator for execution.

Description

Knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment
Technical Field
The invention relates to a knock control method in the technical field of internal combustion engines, in particular to a high-compression-ratio internal combustion engine knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment.
Background
As global oil consumption regulations and emission regulations become stricter, energy conservation and emission reduction become a necessary path for spark-ignition internal combustion engines, and the improvement of the compression ratio of the spark-ignition internal combustion engine is an effective way for improving the thermal efficiency of the internal combustion engine and reducing emission, but the knocking phenomenon is always a core problem for preventing the improvement of the compression ratio of the internal combustion engine, and however, parameters influencing the knocking of the high-compression ratio internal combustion engine are more, such as: ignition advance angle, EGR rate, EGR temperature, intake delay-close angle and other parameters. In the process of knocking the ignition type internal combustion engine, the change of each parameter has different specific gravity and different importance degree for inhibiting the knocking, the traditional knocking control method of the ignition type internal combustion engine is realized by adjusting the ignition advance angle, if only the ignition advance angle is adjusted, the aims of inhibiting the knocking of the internal combustion engine and ensuring the economy and emission performance of the internal combustion engine cannot be fulfilled at the same time, and in order to effectively inhibit the knocking phenomenon of the ignition type internal combustion engine and ensure the economy and emission performance of the internal combustion engine, therefore, in the process of knocking the ignition type internal combustion engine, the multiple parameters are reasonably and selectively adjusted according to the influence degree and the occupied specific gravity of each parameter on the knocking so as to inhibit the knocking of the ignition type internal combustion engine, so that the method is very important.
Although the existing research on knock control methods of ignition internal combustion engines is more, a knock suppression method for selectively carrying out multi-parameter coordination adjustment according to the influence degree sequence and the influence ratio of multi-parameter to the knock of the ignition internal combustion engine with high compression ratio has not been proposed at present.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of excessive or insufficient adjustment of a single parameter in the existing knock suppression technology, and provides a method for suppressing the knock of an internal combustion engine based on multi-parameter selective adjustment.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
the knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment comprises the following steps:
1) the internal combustion engine electronic control unit judges the knocking state of the internal combustion engine;
2) if the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine judges that the internal combustion engine knocks, the electronic control unit determines the quantity and the sequence of four adjusting parameters under the current working condition of the internal combustion engine for the first time according to whether the difference value of the proportions of the four adjusting parameters of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the air inlet delay closing angle to the knocking influence exceeds a set threshold value;
3) the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step length of the four adjusting parameters based on the proportion of the four adjusting parameters to the influence of the knocking;
4) and the electronic control unit sends the step length adjusting command of the adjusting parameter to the corresponding actuator for execution.
The technical scheme is that the electronic control unit judges the knocking state of the internal combustion engine is as follows:
1) the electronic control unit adjusts each parameter to the calibration condition initially set by the electronic control unit
If the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine does not knock through the knock sensor, the electronic control unit gradually adjusts the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the air inlet delay-close angle to the parameter values under the calibration working condition according to the fixed step length calibrated by the electronic control unit so as to enable the internal combustion engine to reach the calibration working condition and normally run;
2) the electronic control unit determines the influence degree and specific gravity sequence of multiple parameters on the knocking under the current working condition
If the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine knocks through the knock sensor, the electronic control unit determines the proportion and the importance degree sequence of the influence of the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake delay-close angle on the knock through off-line calibration of information stored in the electronic control unit or real-time information of the electronic control unit under the current operating condition of the internal combustion engine.
The electronic control unit in the technical scheme determines the number and the sequence of the four adjusting parameters under the current working condition of the internal combustion engine for the first time according to whether the difference value between the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the proportion of the intake late-close angle to the impact on the explosion exceeds the set threshold value:
the electronic control unit determines the proportion and the degree of importance sequence of the influence of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake late-closure angle on the knocking through off-line calibrated storage information or real-time information of the internal combustion engine, and judges whether the numerical difference value of the first parameter proportion and the second parameter proportion which influence the degree of importance sequence of the knocking under the current working condition is larger than a set threshold value:
1) the electronic control unit only adjusting the first parameter
If the difference value of the specific gravity numerical values of the first parameter and the second parameter which influence the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter, the other three parameters are kept unchanged, the electronic control unit outputs a parameter adjusting step length command to a corresponding actuator to execute the parameter adjusting step length command, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to the step that the electronic control unit determines the adjusting step lengths of the four adjusting parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters on the knock influence;
2) the electronic control unit determines the quantity and the sequence of the four adjusting parameters for the second time according to whether the difference value of the four parameters on the specific gravity of the knocking influence exceeds the set threshold value
If the numerical difference between the specific gravities of the first parameter and the second parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequencing is smaller than the set threshold, the electronic control unit also needs to judge whether the numerical difference between the specific gravities of the second parameter and the third parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequencing under the current working condition is larger than the set threshold:
(1) the electronic control unit only adjusts the first two parameters
If the difference value between the specific gravity values of the second parameter and the third parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter and the second parameter, the other two parameters are unchanged, a regulating parameter regulating step length command is output to a corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to the step that the electronic control unit determines the regulating step lengths of the four regulating parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters on the knock influence;
(2) the electronic control unit determines the quantity and the sequence of the four adjusting parameters for the third time according to whether the difference value of the four parameters on the specific gravity of the influence of the knocking exceeds the set threshold value
The electronic control unit also needs to judge whether the numerical difference value of the third parameter proportion and the fourth parameter proportion which are sequenced on the significance degree of the impact on the knock under the current working condition is larger than a set threshold value:
a. the electronic control unit only adjusts the first three parameters
If the specific gravity numerical value difference value of a third parameter and a fourth parameter which influence the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to a set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter, the last parameter is kept unchanged, a regulating parameter regulating step size command is output to a corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to a step that the electronic control unit determines regulating step sizes of the four regulating parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters on the knock influence;
b. the electronic control unit needs to adjust four parameters simultaneously
If the difference value of the specific gravity values of the third parameter and the fourth parameter which influence the knock importance degree sequence is smaller than the set threshold value, the degrees of the four parameters influencing the knock are close to each other, the electronic control unit simultaneously adjusts the four parameters, and outputs a regulating parameter regulating step length command to the corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit goes to the step that the electronic control unit determines the regulating step lengths of the four regulating parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters influencing the knock.
In the technical scheme, the step length of the electronic control unit for determining the adjustment steps of the four adjustment parameters based on the proportion of the four parameters to the influence of the knocking is as follows:
after the number and the sequence of the adjustment parameters are determined, the electronic control unit adjusts the step length of each parameter according to the specific gravity of each parameter, and the adjustment step length of each parameter determined in the electronic control unit is as follows:
Figure GDA0003665699640000031
wherein:
Figure GDA0003665699640000032
the step length which needs to be adjusted on the basis of the basic adjustment step length;
Figure GDA0003665699640000033
is the basic adjustment step in the electronic control unit;
R i is the ratio of the impact of the ith parameter on the knocking;
m represents the number of parameters to be adjusted;
the value of i is from 1 to m.
The technical scheme is that the step length adjusting command of the adjusting parameter is sent to the corresponding actuator by the electronic control unit to be executed is as follows:
the electronic control unit sends an adjusting step command of the adjusting parameters in the step that the electronic control unit determines adjusting steps of the four adjusting parameters based on the proportion of the four parameters to the influence of the knocking to a corresponding actuator for execution, and judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks:
1) the electronic control unit also needs to adjust parameters to inhibit the knocking again
The electronic control unit judges the internal combustion engine knocks again according to the cylinder pressure data of the internal combustion engine transmitted by the knock sensor, and then the electronic control unit needs to control a program to perform the step of determining the influence degree and the specific gravity sequencing of the multiple parameters on the knocking again by the electronic control unit under the current working condition so as to regulate the parameters again to inhibit the knocking of the internal combustion engine;
2) knocking of internal combustion engine is successfully suppressed
And the electronic control unit judges that the knocking of the internal combustion engine is successfully inhibited again according to the cylinder pressure data of the internal combustion engine transmitted by the knocking sensor, and gradually adjusts the four parameters to the parameter values under the calibration working condition, and then commands the corresponding actuator to execute the parameters.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. according to the internal combustion engine knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment, after an internal combustion engine control system determines that knocking occurs, the multi-parameter is coordinated and adjusted to suppress the occurrence of the knocking according to the influence importance degree sequence and the occupied proportion of the parameters on the knocking; the combination of cooling EGR (EGR rate and EGR temperature) and intake late closing angle can effectively reduce the temperature of the mixture at the tail end of the internal combustion engine, thereby achieving the aim of inhibiting knocking; in the process of inhibiting the detonation, the adjustment of the cooling EGR and the air inlet delay closing angle can also ensure the fuel economy index of the internal combustion engine, particularly under the high-load working condition that the detonation phenomenon easily occurs, the proper cooling EGR is introduced behind a throttle valve, so that the air inlet impulse can be diluted, the gas isentropic index of the internal combustion engine charge is reduced to improve the combustion heat efficiency, the pressure difference between the front and the rear of the throttle valve can be compensated to reduce the pumping loss, and the fuel economy index of the internal combustion engine is ensured; when the intake late-closing angle is increased, a part of cylinder charge is pushed into an intake pipe when a piston ascends due to late closing of an intake valve, so that the intake charge is reduced, in order to enable the load of the internal combustion engine to reach the required load, the opening of a throttle valve of the internal combustion engine needs to be increased to meet the intake air amount requirement, the throttling function of the throttle valve is reduced, the intake pressure is increased, the pumping loss of the internal combustion engine is reduced, and the economy of the internal combustion engine can be guaranteed;
2. the internal combustion engine knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment carries out multi-parameter cooperative adjustment according to the important degree and the occupied proportion of the influence of multi-parameters on knocking, covers the prior method for suppressing knocking by adjusting the ignition advance angle, determines the sequence and the quantity of parameter adjustment through a threshold value, and can find the optimal parameter adjustment or parameter adjustment combination for suppressing knocking under the current internal combustion engine working condition, thereby effectively preventing the occurrence of the phenomenon that the integral performance of the internal combustion engine is reduced and the knocking cannot be suppressed due to insufficient single parameter adjustment caused by excessive single parameter adjustment;
3. the internal combustion engine knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment is not only suitable for knock control of an internal combustion engine with a low compression ratio, but also can effectively suppress the knock of the internal combustion engine with a high compression ratio, and can be completely realized by an electronic control unit of an original internal combustion engine without any additional device or additional control cost;
4. the internal combustion engine knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment has two implementation modes for judging the order of the importance degree of the multi-parameter on the influence of the knock, one implementation mode can be selected according to the technical level, and the implementation mode can be realized by a real-time online judgment mode of an electronic control unit, or by a mode of firstly calibrating the order of the importance degree of the multi-parameter on the influence of the knock under each working condition point in an offline mode and then guiding the order into the electronic control unit for offline judgment; the selection can be made according to the currently available technology level.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
FIG. 1 is a block flow diagram of a method for knock suppression in an internal combustion engine based on multi-parameter selective tuning in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the influence of EGR rate, ignition timing, EGR temperature and intake late-closure angle on knock when knock occurs under the operating condition of 3600rpm and 90% load according to the knock suppression method for an internal combustion engine based on multi-parameter selective adjustment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a simulation diagram of the internal combustion engine at the time of occurrence of knocking under a high-load condition;
FIG. 4 is a simulation diagram of knock of the internal combustion engine after the ignition advance angle is adjusted individually when the internal combustion engine knocks;
FIG. 5 is a simulation diagram of engine knock when the engine knocks and the engine knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment adjusts the multi-parameter in a coordinated manner according to the present invention.
According to the comparison of the numerical values of the knocking reaction rates in the fig. 3 and the fig. 4, the traditional knocking control method for adjusting the ignition advance angle can only inhibit the knocking reaction rate from original 80.529 to 71.5, and the knocking of the internal combustion engine cannot be effectively inhibited because 71.5 is greater than 60;
according to the comparison of the numerical values of the knock reaction rate in fig. 3 and fig. 5, the knock reaction rate of the internal combustion engine based on the multi-parameter selective adjustment is suppressed from original 80.529 to 54.344, and because 54.344 is less than 60, the internal combustion engine knock is considered to be effectively suppressed; the comparison shows that: compared with a method for restraining the knock by singly adjusting the ignition time, the method for restraining the knock based on the multi-parameter selective adjustment is better and more effective.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the attached drawing figures:
referring to fig. 1, the present invention provides a knock suppression method for a high compression ratio internal combustion engine based on multi-parameter selective adjustment, which comprises 4 major steps and a plurality of related minor steps; the method comprises the following steps: 1. the electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks; 2. the electronic control unit judges the number and the sequence of the adjusting parameters under the current working condition of the internal combustion engine for the first time; 3. the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step length of the adjustment parameter; 4. the electronic control unit sends the parameter adjustment step length command of the coordination adjustment to the corresponding actuator for execution; at each major step there will be a corresponding number of minor steps as will be described in detail below:
1. internal combustion engine electronic control unit judges whether internal combustion engine knocks
The electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks in the operation process under the current operation working condition through a cylinder pressure curve acquired by a knock sensor, and one of the following two conditions can occur;
1) the electronic control unit adjusts each parameter to the calibration condition set by the electronic control unit
If the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine does not knock through the knock sensor, the electronic control unit gradually adjusts the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the air inlet delay closing angle to the parameter values under the calibration working condition according to the fixed step length initially set by the original machine of the electronic control unit when leaving the factory so as to enable the internal combustion engine to reach the calibration working condition and normally run;
the electronic control unit transmits the adjustment step length of the ignition time to an ignition device of the internal combustion engine through an internal combustion engine bus to adjust the ignition time, the electronic control unit transmits the EGR rate adjustment step length to an EGR valve through the internal combustion engine bus to adjust the opening degree of the EGR valve so as to control the EGR rate, the electronic control unit transmits the EGR temperature adjustment step length to an EGR cooling system through the internal combustion engine bus to adjust the EGR temperature, and the electronic control unit transmits the intake late-closure angle adjustment step length to a VVT (variable valve timing) device through the internal combustion engine bus to adjust the intake late-closure angle;
2) the electronic control unit determines the influence degree and specific gravity sequence of multiple parameters on the knocking under the current working condition
If the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine knocks through the knock sensor, the electronic control unit determines the proportion and the degree of importance of the influence of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake delay-closure angle on the knock through off-line calibration of information stored in the electronic control unit or real-time information of the electronic control unit under the current operating condition of the internal combustion engine;
the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine predicts the knock intensity by inputting a real-time signal of a sensor to a knock prediction model in the electronic control unit by using a crankshaft position sensor signal, an EGR valve position sensor signal, an EGR temperature sensor signal and a VVT (variable valve timing) sensor signal, so as to determine the proportion and the degree of importance of the influence of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake late closing angle on the knock in real time;
2. the electronic control unit judges the quantity and the sequence of the adjusting parameters under the current working condition of the internal combustion engine for the first time
The electronic control unit determines the influence proportion and importance degree sequence of the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake delay-close angle on the knocking through offline calibrated stored information or real-time calculation through an internal combustion engine by utilizing a crankshaft position sensor signal, an EGR valve position sensor signal, an EGR temperature sensor signal and a VVT (variable valve timing) sensor signal, and judges whether the numerical difference value of the first parameter proportion and the second parameter proportion which influence the importance degree sequence on the knocking under the current working condition is larger than a set threshold value or not, and one of the following two conditions can occur;
1) the electronic control unit only adjusting the first parameter
If the difference value of the specific gravity values of the first parameter and the second parameter which influence the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter, and the other three parameters are kept unchanged. The electronic control unit outputs a regulating parameter regulating step length command to a corresponding actuator to execute, and then the control program of the electronic control unit transfers to the step 3 of determining the regulating step length of the regulating parameter by the electronic control unit;
2) the electronic control unit judges the quantity and the sequence of the adjusting parameters for the second time
If the numerical difference between the specific gravities of the first parameter and the second parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequencing is smaller than the set threshold, the electronic control unit also needs to judge whether the numerical difference between the specific gravities of the second parameter and the third parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequencing under the current working condition is larger than the set threshold, and one of the following two situations can occur:
(1) the electronic control unit only adjusts the first two parameters
If the difference value of the specific gravity numerical values of the second parameter and the third parameter which influence the knocking importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter and the second parameter, the other two parameters are unchanged, a regulating parameter regulating step length command is output to a corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to a step 3 of determining the regulating step length of the regulating parameter by the electronic control unit;
(2) the electronic control unit judges the number and the sequence of the adjusting parameters for the third time
The electronic control unit also needs to judge whether the numerical difference value between the third parameter proportion and the fourth parameter proportion which have the importance degree ranking on the influence of the knock under the current working condition is larger than a set threshold value, and one of the following two conditions can occur:
a. the electronic control unit only adjusts the first three parameters
If the difference value of the specific gravity numerical values of the third parameter and the fourth parameter which influence the knocking importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter, the last parameter is kept unchanged, a parameter adjusting step length adjusting command is output to a corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to a step 3 of determining the adjusting step length of the adjusting parameter by the electronic control unit;
b. the electronic control unit needs to adjust four parameters simultaneously
If the specific gravity numerical value difference between the third parameter and the fourth parameter influencing the knock importance degree sequence is smaller than the set threshold, the influence degrees of the four parameters on the knock are close, the electronic control unit simultaneously adjusts the four parameters, outputs a regulating parameter regulating step length command to a corresponding actuator to execute, and then the control program of the electronic control unit goes to a step 3 of determining the regulating step length of the regulating parameter by the electronic control unit;
3. the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step of the adjustment parameter
After the electronic control unit determines the number and the sequence of the adjustment parameters, the step length of each parameter is adjusted according to the specific gravity of each parameter, in the technical scheme, the adjustment step length of each parameter determined by the electronic control unit is as follows:
Figure GDA0003665699640000071
wherein:
Figure GDA0003665699640000072
is the step size that needs to be adjusted on the basis of the basic step size;
Figure GDA0003665699640000073
is the basic step size in the electronic control unit;
R i is the specific gravity value of the influence of the first parameter on the knocking;
m represents the number of parameters to be adjusted;
the value of i is from 1 to m.
After the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step length of the adjustment parameter, the electronic control unit control program goes to step 4, in which the electronic control unit sends a parameter adjustment step length command for coordinated adjustment to a corresponding actuator to execute;
4. the electronic control unit sends the parameter adjustment step length command of coordinated adjustment to the corresponding actuator to be executed
The electronic control unit sends a parameter adjustment step command coordinated and adjusted in the step 3 of determining the adjustment step of the adjustment parameter by the electronic control unit to a corresponding actuator to execute, judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks or not, and can cause one of the following two conditions;
1) the electronic control unit also needs to adjust parameters to inhibit the knocking again
The electronic control unit judges the internal combustion engine knocks again according to the cylinder pressure data of the internal combustion engine transmitted by the knock sensor, and then the electronic control unit needs to control a program to perform the step of determining the influence degree and the specific gravity sequencing of the multiple parameters on the knocking again by the electronic control unit under the current working condition so as to regulate the parameters again to inhibit the knocking of the internal combustion engine;
2) knocking of internal combustion engine is successfully suppressed
And the electronic control unit judges that the knocking of the internal combustion engine is successfully inhibited again according to the cylinder pressure data of the internal combustion engine transmitted by the knocking sensor, and gradually adjusts the four parameters to the parameter values under the calibration working condition and then commands the corresponding actuator to execute.
Example (b):
under the working condition that the rotating speed of the internal combustion engine is 3600rpm and the load is 90%, the using process of the knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment is as follows:
1. internal combustion engine electronic control unit judges whether internal combustion engine knocks
The electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks in a working cycle under a typical working condition (rotating speed of 3600rpm and throttle opening of 90%) that high load is easy to knock through an in-cylinder pressure signal transmitted by a knock sensor;
the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine knocks under the working condition
The internal combustion engine knock simulation diagram under the working condition is shown in FIG. 3, and the electronic control unit considers that knocking occurs because the maximum value of the knock reaction rate is greater than 60; the electronic control unit determines the proportion and importance degree sequence of the influence of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the air inlet delay closing angle on the knocking according to the information of the influence degree and the proportion of the four parameters on the knocking, which is stored in the electronic control unit in an off-line mode according to the current operating condition of the internal combustion engine, wherein the influence degree and the proportion of the four parameters on the knocking under the current operating condition are shown in a figure 2; as can be seen from fig. 2, the EGR rate, the ignition timing, the EGR temperature, and the intake late close angle account for the following effects on knocking: 30.82%, 36.38%, 18.46%, and 14.34%, therefore, the importance of the four parameters to knock is ranked as: ignition timing (36.38%, sequence 1), EGR rate (30.82%, sequence 2), EGR temperature (18.46%, sequence 3), and intake late-close angle (14.34%, sequence 4);
2. the electronic control unit determines for the first time the number and sequence of the adjustment parameters under the current operating conditions of the internal combustion engine
The electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks according to the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine, in the step 1, the electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks under the working condition, and the electronic control unit judges the proportion and the degree of importance of the influence of the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake delay-closure angle of the small step 2) on the knocking, and judges whether the numerical difference value of the proportion of the ignition time of a first parameter and the proportion of the EGR rate of a second parameter, which influence the degree of importance of the knocking under the current working condition, is greater than a set threshold value by 10 percent;
the electronic control unit determines the number and sequence of the adjustment parameters for the second time
According to the difference value between the data ignition time and the EGR rate in the small step 2) because the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks in the step 1 and the electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks in the working condition: 36.38% -30.82% < 5.56% < 10%, the electronic control unit judges that the difference value of the specific gravity of the first parameter at the ignition time and the specific gravity of the second parameter at the EGR rate is not more than the threshold value 10%, and the electronic control unit considers that the influence degrees of the ignition time and the EGR rate on the knocking are close under the current working condition, and the ignition time and the EGR rate are required to be adjusted to inhibit the knocking at the same time; but whether the third parameter EGR temperature needs to be adjusted or not is also needed, and the electronic control unit judges whether the numerical difference value of the second parameter EGR rate proportion and the third parameter EGR temperature proportion which are sequenced in the importance degree of the knock influence under the current working condition is larger than the set threshold value by 10 percent or not;
the electronic control unit only adjusts the first two parameters.
According to the specific gravity difference value between the EGR rate and the EGR temperature in the small step 2) because the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks in the step 1 and the electronic control unit judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks under the working condition: 30.82% -18.46% > 12.36% > 10%, the electronic control unit judges that the numerical difference between the EGR rate specific gravity of the second parameter and the EGR temperature specific gravity of the third parameter, which are sequenced to influence the importance degree of the knock under the current working condition, is greater than the set threshold value of 10%, the electronic control unit considers that the influence of the ignition time and the EGR rate on the knock under the current working condition is far greater than the influence of the EGR temperature and the intake late-closure angle on the knock, so that only the ignition time of the first parameter and the EGR rate of the second parameter are adjusted, the other two parameters are not changed, and an adjustment parameter command is output to a corresponding actuator for execution, namely, the step 3 of determining the adjustment step of the adjustment parameter by the electronic control unit is switched to;
3. the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step of the adjustment parameter
The electronic control unit synergistically adjusts two parameters according to the ignition time and the fixed step length and the occupied proportion of the EGR rate so as to inhibit knocking; the electronic control unit readjusts the parameters according to the fixed step length and the occupied proportion:
retarding the ignition time theta Moment of ignition :θ Moment of ignition ×[36.38％/(23％+36.38％)]；
Increase EGR rate phi EGR rate ×[23％/(23％+36.38％)]Wherein theta Moment of ignition And phi EGR rate Respectively representing the ignition time of the internal combustion engine and the basic adjustment step length set by the original factory default of the EGR rate;
after the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step length of the adjustment parameter, the electronic control unit control program goes to step 4, in which the electronic control unit sends a parameter adjustment step length command for coordinated adjustment to a corresponding actuator to execute;
4. the electronic control unit sends the parameter adjustment step length command of the coordination adjustment to the corresponding actuator to execute
The electronic control unit sends a parameter adjustment step command coordinated and adjusted in the step 3 of determining the adjustment step of the adjustment parameter by the electronic control unit to the corresponding actuator to be executed, whether the internal combustion engine knocks is judged, and after the adjustment of the parameter is implemented, the reaction rate of the internal combustion engine running knocks is simulated as shown in fig. 5.
Knocking of internal combustion engine is successfully suppressed
According to fig. 5, the maximum knock response rate of the internal combustion engine is less than 60, at this time, the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine does not knock under the current working condition according to the knock sensor signal, and the electronic control unit gradually adjusts the four parameters to the parameter values under the calibration working condition, and then commands the corresponding actuator to execute the four parameters.

Claims (5)

1. A knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment is characterized by comprising the following steps:
1) the internal combustion engine electronic control unit judges the knocking state of the internal combustion engine;
2) if the electronic control unit of the internal combustion engine judges that the internal combustion engine knocks, the electronic control unit determines the quantity and the sequence of four adjusting parameters under the current working condition of the internal combustion engine for the first time according to whether the difference value of the proportions of the four adjusting parameters of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the air inlet delay closing angle to the knocking influence exceeds a set threshold value;
3) the electronic control unit determines the adjustment step length of the four adjusting parameters based on the proportion of the four adjusting parameters to the influence of the knocking;
4) and the electronic control unit sends the step length adjusting command of the adjusting parameter to the corresponding actuator for execution.
2. A knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective tuning according to claim 1, wherein said electronic control unit determining the engine knock status is:
1) the electronic control unit adjusts each parameter to the calibration condition initially set by the electronic control unit
If the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine does not knock through the knock sensor, the electronic control unit gradually adjusts the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the air inlet delay-close angle to the parameter values under the calibration working condition according to the fixed step length calibrated by the electronic control unit so as to enable the internal combustion engine to reach the calibration working condition and normally run;
2) the electronic control unit determines the influence degree and specific gravity sequence of multiple parameters on the knocking under the current working condition
If the electronic control unit judges that the internal combustion engine knocks through the knock sensor, the electronic control unit determines the proportion and the importance degree sequence of the influence of the ignition time, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake delay-close angle on the knock through off-line calibration of information stored in the electronic control unit or real-time information of the electronic control unit under the current operating condition of the internal combustion engine.
3. A knock suppressing method based on multi-parameter selective tuning as claimed in claim 1, wherein the electronic control unit determines for the first time the number and sequence of the four tuning parameters under the current operating conditions of the internal combustion engine according to whether the difference between the ignition timing, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the specific gravity of the intake late-closure angle to the effect of the knock exceeds a set threshold:
the electronic control unit determines the proportion and the degree of importance sequence of the influence of the ignition moment, the EGR rate, the EGR temperature and the intake late-closure angle on the knocking through off-line calibrated storage information or real-time information of the internal combustion engine, and judges whether the numerical difference value of the first parameter proportion and the second parameter proportion which influence the degree of importance sequence of the knocking under the current working condition is larger than a set threshold value:
1) the electronic control unit only adjusting the first parameter
If the difference value of the specific gravity numerical values of the first parameter and the second parameter which influence the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter, the other three parameters are kept unchanged, the electronic control unit outputs a parameter adjusting step length command to a corresponding actuator to execute the parameter adjusting step length command, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to the step that the electronic control unit determines the adjusting step lengths of the four adjusting parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters on the knock influence;
2) the electronic control unit determines the quantity and the sequence of the four adjusting parameters for the second time according to whether the difference value of the four parameters on the specific gravity of the knocking influence exceeds the set threshold value
If the numerical difference between the specific gravities of the first parameter and the second parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequencing is smaller than the set threshold, the electronic control unit also needs to judge whether the numerical difference between the specific gravities of the second parameter and the third parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequencing under the current working condition is larger than the set threshold:
(1) the electronic control unit only adjusts the first two parameters
If the difference value between the specific gravity values of the second parameter and the third parameter which affect the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter and the second parameter, the other two parameters are unchanged, a regulating parameter regulating step length command is output to a corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to the step that the electronic control unit determines the regulating step lengths of the four regulating parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters on the knock influence;
(2) the electronic control unit determines the quantity and the sequence of the four adjusting parameters for the third time according to whether the difference value of the four parameters on the specific gravity of the influence of the knocking exceeds the set threshold value
The electronic control unit also needs to judge whether the numerical difference value of the third parameter proportion and the fourth parameter proportion which are sequenced on the significance degree of the impact on the knock under the current working condition is larger than a set threshold value:
a. the electronic control unit only adjusts the first three parameters
If the difference value of the specific gravity values of the third parameter and the fourth parameter which influence the knock importance degree sequence is larger than or equal to the set threshold value, the electronic control unit only adjusts the first parameter, the second parameter and the third parameter, the last parameter is kept unchanged, a regulating parameter regulating step length command is output to a corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit is transferred to the step that the electronic control unit determines the regulating step lengths of the four regulating parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters on the knock influence;
b. the electronic control unit needs to adjust four parameters simultaneously
If the specific gravity numerical value difference between the third parameter and the fourth parameter influencing the knock importance degree sequence is smaller than the set threshold, the degrees of the four parameters influencing the knock are close, the electronic control unit simultaneously adjusts the four parameters, and outputs a regulating parameter regulating step length command to the corresponding actuator to be executed, and then the control program of the electronic control unit goes to the step that the electronic control unit determines the regulating step lengths of the four regulating parameters based on the specific gravity of the four parameters influencing the knock.
4. A knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment according to claim 1, wherein said electronic control unit determines the adjustment steps of said four adjustment parameters based on the contributions of said four parameters to knock:
after the number and the sequence of the adjusting parameters are determined, the electronic control unit adjusts the step length of each parameter according to the specific gravity of each parameter, and the step length of each parameter determined in the electronic control unit is as follows:
Figure FDA0003665699630000021
wherein:
Figure FDA0003665699630000031
the step length which needs to be adjusted on the basis of the basic adjustment step length;
Figure FDA0003665699630000032
is the basic adjustment step in the electronic control unit;
R i is the ratio of the impact of the ith parameter on the knocking;
m represents the number of parameters to be adjusted;
the value of i is from 1 to m.
5. A knock suppression method based on multi-parameter selective adjustment according to claim 1, wherein the step size command for adjusting the parameters is sent to the corresponding actuator by the electronic control unit to execute:
the electronic control unit sends an adjusting step command of the adjusting parameters in the step that the electronic control unit determines adjusting steps of the four adjusting parameters based on the proportion of the four parameters to the influence of the knocking to a corresponding actuator for execution, and judges whether the internal combustion engine knocks:
1) the electronic control unit also needs to adjust parameters to inhibit the knocking again
The electronic control unit judges the internal combustion engine knocks again according to the cylinder pressure data of the internal combustion engine transmitted by the knock sensor, and then the electronic control unit needs to control a program to perform the step of determining the influence degree and the specific gravity sequencing of the multiple parameters on the knocking again by the electronic control unit under the current working condition so as to regulate the parameters again to inhibit the knocking of the internal combustion engine;
2) knocking of internal combustion engine is successfully suppressed
And the electronic control unit judges that the knocking of the internal combustion engine is successfully inhibited again according to the cylinder pressure data of the internal combustion engine transmitted by the knocking sensor, and gradually adjusts the four parameters to the parameter values under the calibration working condition and then commands the corresponding actuator to execute.
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