CN113261501A - Breeding method of special glutinous rice variety for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor - Google Patents
Breeding method of special glutinous rice variety for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor Download PDFInfo
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- CN113261501A CN113261501A CN202110494295.2A CN202110494295A CN113261501A CN 113261501 A CN113261501 A CN 113261501A CN 202110494295 A CN202110494295 A CN 202110494295A CN 113261501 A CN113261501 A CN 113261501A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 80
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 51
- 239000000796 flavoring agent Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 79
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims abstract description 44
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000012216 screening Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 11
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009396 hybridization Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 235000014101 wine Nutrition 0.000 claims description 47
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000015096 spirit Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000000306 recurrent effect Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000019991 rice wine Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 description 3
- 208000015181 infectious disease Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 238000003908 quality control method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010187 selection method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229920000856 Amylose Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 240000006394 Sorghum bicolor Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000011684 Sorghum saccharatum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- 240000008042 Zea mays Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000005824 Zea mays ssp. parviglumis Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002017 Zea mays subsp mays Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000012271 agricultural production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009411 base construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000005822 corn Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 201000010099 disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 208000037265 diseases, disorders, signs and symptoms Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009472 formulation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000575 pesticide Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000018553 tannin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920001864 tannin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000001648 tannin Substances 0.000 description 1
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/02—Methods or apparatus for hybridisation; Artificial pollination ; Fertility
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H1/00—Processes for modifying genotypes ; Plants characterised by associated natural traits
- A01H1/04—Processes of selection involving genotypic or phenotypic markers; Methods of using phenotypic markers for selection
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01H—NEW PLANTS OR NON-TRANSGENIC PROCESSES FOR OBTAINING THEM; PLANT REPRODUCTION BY TISSUE CULTURE TECHNIQUES
- A01H6/00—Angiosperms, i.e. flowering plants, characterised by their botanic taxonomy
- A01H6/46—Gramineae or Poaceae, e.g. ryegrass, rice, wheat or maize
- A01H6/4636—Oryza sp. [rice]
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- Botany (AREA)
- Developmental Biology & Embryology (AREA)
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- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Natural Medicines & Medicinal Plants (AREA)
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- Breeding Of Plants And Reproduction By Means Of Culturing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of special rice breeding, and discloses a breeding method of a special glutinous rice variety for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor, which comprises the following steps: screening and brewing rice resources of the Luzhou-flavor liquor: collecting glutinous rice resources of different types, and screening the rice resources with moderate plant height, good yield, strong disease resistance, and the same or similar appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties as local big rice wine; taking local big grains as a female parent and elected parent materials, and constructing a breeding group with target characters through hybridization and backcross; screening and identifying; the test and approval popularization of white spirit brewing. The breeding method of the special glutinous rice variety for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor, provided by the invention, is scientific and efficient, is easy to operate, can be used for accurately and quickly breeding the special glutinous rice variety for brewing the liquor, which has the advantages of high yield, strong resistance, high liquor yield, good liquor quality and low cost, and provides a scientific method and basis for breeding and utilizing the special glutinous rice variety for brewing the high-quality Luzhou-flavor liquor.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of special rice breeding, and particularly relates to a breeding method of a special glutinous rice variety for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor.
Background
The rice is one of the main raw grains for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits, taking the representative brand of the strong aromatic Chinese spirits as an example, the five-grain liquor group uses 50 more than ten thousand tons of grains for brewing wine every year, and consists of 5 grains according to the proportion: 36% of sorghum, 22% of long-shaped rice, 18% of glutinous rice, 16% of wheat and 8% of corn.
The special rice for brewing wine is rice which is developed and researched in order to meet the standardized requirement standard of the brewing industry or the customized requirement standard of brewing enterprises, is produced according to the standard production technical regulation in a suitable, specific or exclusive production base, implements a strict quality control standard system and is specially used for brewing wine by the brewing enterprises. The high-quality rice special for brewing wine can increase the content of starch or sugar, optimize the content of protein, fat and tannin, improve the yield of high-quality white spirit, improve the quality of the white spirit, shorten the cooking and pasting time, reduce the brewing cost and boost the quality improvement and the efficiency improvement of the white spirit industry.
At present, the main glutinous rice variety for brewing the strong aromatic white spirit is local big wine grains, although wine enterprises such as five-grain liquid group and the like are implementing the strategy of 'one seed to one drop of beautiful wine' and practicing the concept of 'brewing wine and using good grains', the wine enterprises lack systematic research on the special rice for brewing wine, and the variety suitable for brewing wine is single, the nature is degraded, the diseases are easy to fall, the yield is low, the benefit is poor, so that the enthusiasm of farmers for planting the special rice for brewing wine is rapidly reduced, the supply of the special rice for brewing wine is insufficient, and the stable, healthy and rapid development of the wine is severely restricted. For example, the local big rice wine is a local old variety which has long planting time in Sichuan province and is very suitable for brewing strong aromatic white spirit, does not pass approval, shows the defects of low yield, high rice blast infection, high stem height, suitability for pouring and the like, and is far not suitable for being used as a special rice variety for brewing wine. More urgently, in order to solve the problem of raw grain supply of rice, wine enterprises have to widely purchase different types of rice from the market, and some varieties which are not suitable for wine brewing, such as rice serving as high-quality grain and feed grain are used for wine brewing, so that the cooking gelatinization time is long, the wine yield is low, the quality is reduced, the brewing cost is obviously increased, and a closed loop industrial chain of 'special seeds and special grains' is urgently required to be created starting from core links such as wine brewing special rice variety breeding, standard formulation, base construction, grain production, quality control and the like, so that the stable supply of customized and exclusive wine brewing special rice is ensured, and a continuous, stable, green and safe wine brewing special rice agricultural production supply system is perfected. Therefore, breeding of a new glutinous rice variety special for high-yield, high-quality and high-efficiency wine brewing is the basis, difficulty and precondition for implementing the strategy of 'one seed to one drop of beautiful wine' by wine enterprises.
Through the above analysis, the problems and defects of the prior art are as follows: the existing glutinous rice suitable for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits has single variety, low yield, high rice blast infection, high yield, high possibility of falling down, higher cost for planting farmers and wine enterprises, low benefit and very short supply of the glutinous rice raw grains.
The difficulty in solving the above problems and defects is: the method not only ensures that farmers have high yield, disease resistance, lodging resistance and high efficiency, but also ensures that the wine enterprises have short cooking and pasting time, high wine yield, good wine quality, low cost and the like.
The significance of solving the problems and the defects is as follows: the method has great significance for the countryside, and is the basis, difficulty and precondition for the strategy of 'one seed to one drop of beautiful wine' implemented by wine enterprises.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a breeding method of a special glutinous rice variety for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor.
The invention is realized in such a way that the breeding method of the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps of firstly, screening rice resources suitable for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor;
step two, constructing a breeding group with target characters through hybridization and backcross;
step three, screening and identifying;
and step four, testing, examining, approving and popularizing the white spirit brewing.
Further, in the step one, the screening of the rice resource suitable for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor comprises the following steps:
the method is characterized in that different types of glutinous rice resources are collected widely, local big wine grains of the glutinous rice variety special for the wuliangye are used as a reference, collected varieties are identified and evaluated, and proper rice resources are screened to be used as parent materials for breeding the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor. For example, the polished rice rate is more than 60%, the medium grain shape and the length-width ratio are about 1.8, the gum consistency is about 85 mm, and the amylose content is about 4.0%.
Further, the rice resources with moderate plant height, good high yield, strong disease resistance, and the same or similar appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties as local big grains are screened as parent materials for breeding the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits.
Further, in step two, the construction of a breeding population with a target trait by crossing and backcrossing comprises:
the local big grain is used as a female parent to be hybridized with the selected parent material to obtain a special intermediate material recurrent selection library which has the advantages of moderate plant height, good high yield, strong disease resistance, appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties similar to or identical to those of the local big grain, and lays a material foundation for breeding special glutinous rice varieties for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits.
Further, the large wine grains or parent material are used as recurrent parent to backcross with F1 according to the need of breeding target.
Further, in step three, the screening and identifying comprises:
and (3) alternately planting the filial generation or the backcross progeny in Hainan Sanzhu and Sichuan Yibin, continuously using local big wine grains as a control, and carrying out shuttle breeding and pressurized selection of different ecology.
Further, the third generation alternative planting is subjected to generation addition and purification, and the Yibin alternative planting is subjected to comprehensive character screening and quality character identification.
Further, in step three, the screening and identifying further comprises:
and separating individual plants with moderate plant height, good yield and strong disease resistance in the generation, analyzing and identifying the appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties of the selected individual plants, eliminating individual plant materials with the quality and properties which are different from those of the wine grains, and continuously planting and screening the other selected materials to obtain high-generation plants with stable properties.
Further, in the fourth step, the test and approval popularization of white spirit brewing includes:
screening a plurality of excellent single plants from high-generation strains with stable characters, planting in yibin in the next season to form a plurality of excellent strains, screening a plurality of excellent single plants from each strain as alternative materials, mixing each strain for carrying out a liquor brewing test, selecting strains with better liquor brewing yield, liquor quality, cost and the like than those of local big liquor grains, and eliminating other strains.
Further, in the fourth step, the test and approval popularization of white spirit brewing still include:
when the selected reserve single plants of the plant line are planted in the third generation, the screened plant lines with good plant type, high yield and strong disease resistance are subjected to the regional trial and production test in Sichuan province until approval and popularization.
By combining all the technical schemes, the invention has the advantages and positive effects that: the breeding method of the special glutinous rice variety for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits, which is provided by the invention, is scientific and efficient, is easy to operate, and can accurately and quickly breed the special high-yield and high-quality brewing glutinous rice variety, namely, the yield is improved by more than 20% compared with that of local big grains; the disease resistance is strong, the lodging resistance is high, the pesticide and fertilizer application amount is low, and the planting benefit of farmers is high; high wine yield, good wine quality, low gelatinization temperature, short time, low cost and good wine enterprise benefit. Provides a scientific method and basis for the breeding and utilization of high-quality glutinous rice varieties.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a breeding method of a glutinous rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor provided by the embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the present invention is further described in detail with reference to the following embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a breeding method of a special glutinous rice variety for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor, and the invention is described in detail with reference to the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1, the breeding method of the glutinous rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor provided by the embodiment of the invention comprises the following steps:
s101, the method is suitable for screening rice resources for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor;
s102, constructing a breeding group with target traits through hybridization and backcross;
s103, screening and identifying;
and S104, testing and approving popularization of white spirit brewing.
The selection and breeding method for the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor provided by the invention can be implemented by other steps by ordinary technicians in the field, and the selection and breeding method for the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor provided by the invention shown in figure 1 is only a specific example.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described with reference to the following examples.
The breeding method of the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor, provided by the embodiment of the invention, comprises the following steps:
1. is suitable for screening rice resources for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor
The method is characterized in that glutinous rice resources of different types are collected widely, local big wine grains of the glutinous rice variety special for the wuliangye are used as a reference, the collected variety is identified and evaluated, and the rice resources with moderate plant height, good yield, strong disease resistance, and the same or similar appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties as the local big wine grains are selected as parent materials for breeding the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits.
2. Through hybridization and backcrossing, a breeding group with target characters is constructed
The local big grain is used as a female parent to be hybridized with a selected parent material (according to the requirement of a breeding target, the big grain or the parent material can be used as a recurrent parent to be backcrossed with F1), so that a special-character intermediate material recurrent selection library which has the advantages of moderate plant height, good yield, strong disease resistance, similar or identical appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties with the local big grain is obtained, and a material foundation is laid for breeding and brewing the special glutinous rice variety for the strong-flavor liquor.
3. Screening and identification
The filial generation of the cross or backcross is alternately planted in Hainan III and Sichuan Yibin, local wine grains are continuously used as a reference, III is mainly generation adding and purification, Yibin is mainly screening of comprehensive characters and identification of quality characters, and the breeding effect is improved through shuttle breeding and pressurized selection of different ecology. And separating individual plants with moderate plant height, good yield and strong disease resistance from the generation, analyzing and identifying the appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties of the selected individual plants, eliminating individual plant materials with the same quality and properties as the wine and grains and having larger difference, and continuously planting and screening the other selected materials according to the method to obtain high-generation plant lines with more stable properties.
4. Test and approval popularization of white spirit brewing
Screening a plurality of excellent single plants from high-generation strains with stable characters, planting in yibin in the next season to form a plurality of excellent strains, screening a plurality of excellent single plants from each strain as alternative materials, mixing each strain for carrying out a liquor brewing test, selecting strains with better liquor brewing yield, liquor quality, cost and the like than those of local big liquor grains, and eliminating other strains. When the selected reserve single plants of the plant line are planted in the third generation, the screened plant lines with good plant type, high yield and strong disease resistance are subjected to the district test and production test in Sichuan province until approval and popularization.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the present invention and the appended claims are not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, which is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents and improvements that are within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
Claims (9)
1. A breeding method of a glutinous rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
screening and brewing rice resources of the strong aromatic Chinese spirits;
constructing a breeding group with target characters through hybridization and backcrossing;
alternately planting the filial generation or backcross generation in Hainan Sanzhu and Sichuan Yibin, continuously using local big wine grains as a control, and carrying out shuttle breeding and pressurized selection of different ecology;
and separating individual plants with moderate plant height, good yield and strong disease resistance in the generation, analyzing and identifying the appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties of the selected individual plants, eliminating individual plant materials with the same quality and properties and larger difference with wine grains, and continuously planting and screening the other selected materials to obtain high-generation materials with stable properties.
2. The breeding method of the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the screening of the rice resource suitable for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor comprises: collecting different types of glutinous rice resources, identifying and evaluating the collected varieties by taking local big wine grains of the glutinous rice variety special for the wuliangye as a reference, and screening the rice resources as parent materials for breeding the glutinous rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor.
3. The breeding method of the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 2, wherein rice resources with moderate plant height, good yield, strong disease resistance, and the same or similar appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties as local big grains are selected as parent materials for breeding the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor.
4. The method for breeding the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the constructing of the breeding group with the target traits by hybridization and backcross comprises: the local big grain is used as a female parent to be hybridized with the selected parent material to obtain a special intermediate material recurrent selection library which has the advantages of moderate plant height, good high yield, strong disease resistance, appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties the same as or similar to those of the local big grain, and lays a material foundation for breeding the special glutinous rice variety for brewing the strong aromatic Chinese spirits.
5. The method for breeding the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 4, wherein the large grain or parent material is used as recurrent parent to backcross with F1 according to the need of breeding target.
6. The method for breeding the waxy rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the third generation alternate planting is used for generation addition and purification, and the Yibin alternate planting is used for screening comprehensive characters and identifying quality characters.
7. The breeding method of the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 6, further comprising: and separating individual plants with moderate plant height, good yield and strong disease resistance in the generation, analyzing and identifying the appearance quality, processing quality and physical and chemical properties of the selected individual plants, eliminating individual plant materials with the quality and properties which are different from those of the wine grains, and continuously planting and screening the other selected materials to obtain high-generation plants with stable properties.
8. The breeding method of the waxy rice variety special for brewing Luzhou-flavor liquor as claimed in claim 1, wherein the liquor brewing test and approval promotion comprises: screening a plurality of excellent single plants from high-generation strains with stable characters, planting in yibin in the next season to form a plurality of excellent strains, screening a plurality of excellent single plants from each strain as alternative materials, mixing each strain for carrying out a liquor brewing test, selecting strains with better liquor brewing yield, liquor quality, cost and the like than those of local big wine grains, and eliminating other strains.
9. The method for breeding the waxy rice variety special for brewing the Luzhou-flavor liquor according to claim 1, wherein the liquor brewing test and approval popularization further comprises: when the selected reserve single plants of the plant line are planted in the third generation, the screened plant lines with good plant type, high yield and strong disease resistance are subjected to the regional trial and production test in Sichuan province until approval and popularization.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766350A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-22 | 绍兴市农业科学研究院 | Breeding method of japonica glutinous rice and application of bred glutinous rice material in yellow rice wine brewing |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285780A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏瑞华农业科技有限公司 | High-yield multi-resistant rice breeding method |
| CN108077061A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection made wine with the glutinous two-line sterile lines of Xian |
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- 2021-05-07 CN CN202110494295.2A patent/CN113261501A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104285780A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-01-21 | 江苏瑞华农业科技有限公司 | High-yield multi-resistant rice breeding method |
| CN108077061A (en) * | 2017-12-19 | 2018-05-29 | 福建农林大学 | A kind of selection made wine with the glutinous two-line sterile lines of Xian |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114766350A (en) * | 2022-05-31 | 2022-07-22 | 绍兴市农业科学研究院 | Breeding method of japonica glutinous rice and application of bred glutinous rice material in yellow rice wine brewing |
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Application publication date: 20210817 |