CN113261359B

CN113261359B - Management of pre-allocated resources

Info

Publication number: CN113261359B
Application number: CN201980082539.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗恩·科恩; 罗伊·罗恩; 班尼·阿苏利纳; 奥利维尔·马可
Original assignee: JRD Communication Shenzhen Ltd
Current assignee: JRD Communication Shenzhen Ltd
Priority date: 2018-12-13
Filing date: 2019-12-09
Publication date: 2023-05-23
Anticipated expiration: 2039-12-09
Also published as: GB201820352D0; GB2579792A; CN113261359A; WO2020119628A1; GB2579792B

Abstract

Methods and systems for managing pre-allocated uplink resources. Uplink resources are allocated by the cellular network for use by the UE. The UE may send an indication indicating that the UE intends or does not intend to transmit using the allocated resources. In an example, the UE sends a highly detectable signal to indicate that resources are not to be utilized.

Description

Management of pre-allocated resources

[ field of technology ]

The following disclosure relates to uplink transmission resources in a cellular communication system, and in particular to management of pre-allocated resources.

[ background Art ]

Wireless communication systems, such as third generation (3G) mobile telephone standards and technologies, are well known. Such 3G standards and technologies have been developed by the third generation partnership project (3 GPP). Third generation wireless communications have generally been developed to support macrocell mobile telephone communications. Communication systems and networks have evolved towards broadband and mobile systems.

In a cellular wireless communication system, user Equipment (UE) is connected to a Radio Access Network (RAN) through a wireless link. The RAN comprises: a set of base stations providing radio links to UEs located in a cell covered by the base stations; and an interface to a Core Network (CN) that provides overall network control. It is understood that the RAN and CN each perform their respective functions with respect to the entire network. For convenience, the term cellular network will be used to refer to the combined RAN & CN, and it will be understood that the term is used to refer to the various systems that perform the disclosed functions.

The third generation partnership project has developed the so-called Long Term Evolution (LTE) system, an evolving universal mobile telecommunication system regional radio access network (E-UTRAN) for mobile access networks. One or more macro cells in the mobile access network are supported by base stations called enodebs or enbs (evolved nodebs). Recently, LTE has evolved further towards so-called 5G or NR (new radio) systems, in which one or more cells are supported by a base station called a gNB. NR proposes to utilize an Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) physical transmission format.

NB-loT (narrowband internet of things) and eMTC (enhanced machine type communication) are 3GPP technologies for supporting machine type communication. NB-loT is particularly focused on devices providing low data throughput with low complexity and low power consumption. Machine type communications are typically characterized by small, infrequent data transmissions, but require support for a longer range than traditional cellular communications. To support longer ranges, a Coverage Enhancement (CE) mode is provided that can repeat transmissions to improve link quality. NB-loT provides enhanced and extreme coverage modes, while eMTC provides CE modes a and B.

For example, in NB-loT, a maximum of 128 repetitions are available for low SNR channels, as shown in fig. 1.

To reduce control overhead and increase delay, a Preconfigured Uplink Resource (PUR) system may be utilized. In such systems, the network allocates uplink resources with a certain periodicity (in time and frequency) that the UE can utilize for its uplink transmissions. This avoids the need to transmit a license request and subsequent control communications. When UEs are in enhanced coverage, additional resources in each period may be required for repeated transmissions, but other UEs may have nothing to transmit and therefore do not need their allocated resources. If the allocated resources are not utilized, they are wasted because they are preconfigured for a particular UE (or group of UEs).

The minimum time/frequency allocation for UL transmissions in NB-loT is referred to as a Resource Unit (RU), as defined in TS 36.211. The size of an RU depends on a narrowband physical uplink shared channel (NB-PUSCH) format and a subcarrier format. Fig. 2 shows a usable format. A maximum of 16 time slots are used. The slot timing information depends on the subcarrier spacing. For af=3.75 kHz, 2ms is required per slot, and for af=15 kHz, 0.5ms is required per slot. NPUSCH format 1 is used for UL data transmission, and format 2 is used for HARQ ACK/NACK messages.

NB-loT and eMTC services are intended for low cost devices where frequency/time synchronization degradation may occur for long transmissions. It has therefore been proposed to provide a gap of 40ms after 256ms transmission to allow for receiver frequency/time resynchronization. Fig. 3 shows NB-loT for RU-level and UL transmission and resynchronization timelines for transmission/synchronization blocks.

For eMTC, uplink transmissions are defined in the same way as conventional LTE, and repetition is increased. Figure 4 shows the maximum number of repetitions. In eMTC, the transmission of Physical Resource Blocks (PRBs) requires 0.5ms and each transmission allocates a minimum of 2 consecutive PRBs in the time domain, so the total transmission time may be up to 2048 ms for 2048 repetitions. For HD-FDD eMTC devices, the transmission may take 2368 milliseconds for the longest because of the resynchronization time.

In order for a UE to reserve its PUR allocation, it must utilize the resources at least once after several skips, otherwise they may be terminated. However, if there is no data currently to be transmitted, such a transmission must be a virtual transmission. This increases energy consumption and wastes transmission resources, especially in enhanced coverage, where the allocated resources include all of the repeated capacity. In addition, in case the UE skips transmission, the network does not know the skips, and thus cannot utilize these resources.

Thus, there is a need for more efficient utilization of resources in systems using PURs.

[ invention ]

This summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the detailed description. This summary is not intended to identify key features or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used as an aid in determining the scope of the claimed subject matter.

There is provided a method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method comprising the steps of: allocating uplink transmission resources for transmission from the UE to the base station, wherein the uplink transmission resources are repeated with a predefined period; transmitting an indication of the allocated resources to the UE; and if there is no need to send an occurrence of the allocated resource from the UE to the base station, then no indication of the occurrence of the resource is needed when the allocated resource is occurring.

The uplink transmission resources may include resources for N repeated uplink transmissions.

The indication may occupy one of a maximum of N repeated resources.

A preamble with a high detection rate may be selected.

The indication may be a Zadoff-Chu sequence, DMRS or low data rate subframe, or any other highly detectable transmission that may or may not be compromised as a mixture of the above.

The indication may be an indication to suspend the resources allocated for the UE.

The indication may be an indication to terminate the allocated resources for the UE.

There is also provided a method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method being performed by a UE and comprising the steps of: receiving an indication of allocated uplink transmission resources for transmission from the UE to the base station, wherein the uplink transmission resources are repeated with a predefined period; if the presence of an allocated resource sent from the UE to the base station is not required, then an indication of the presence of the resource is not required when the allocated resource is present.

The indication may occupy one of a maximum of N repeated resources.

The indication may be a Zadoff-Chu sequence, DMRS or a low data rate subframe, or any other highly detectable transmission that may or may not be compromised as a mixture of the above.

There is also provided a method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method comprising the steps of: allocating uplink transmission resources for transmission from the UE to the base station, wherein the uplink transmission resources are repeated with a predefined period; transmitting an indication of the allocated resources to the UE; and transmitting a preamble from the UE to the base station when the start of the transmission is intended by the UE, wherein the preamble indicates that there is a transmission from the UE in the resource.

A preamble with a high detection rate may be selected.

The preamble may be a Zadoff-Chu sequence, DMRS, or a low data rate subframe, or any other highly detectable transmission that may or may not be compromised as a mixture of the above.

There is also provided a method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method being performed by a UE and comprising the steps of: receiving an indication of allocated uplink transmission resources for transmission from the UE to the base station, wherein the uplink transmission resources are repeated with a predefined period; and if an occurrence of the allocated resource is required, transmitting a preamble from the UE to the base station at the beginning of the occurrence, wherein the preamble indicates that there will be a transmission from the UE in the resource.

A preamble with a high detection rate may be selected.

A UE configured to perform the methods described herein is also provided.

The non-transitory computer readable medium may include at least one of: hard disks, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, EPROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, and flash memory.

[ description of the drawings ]

Further details, aspects and embodiments of the invention are described by way of example only with reference to the accompanying drawings. For simplicity and clarity, elements have been illustrated in the figures and have not necessarily been drawn to scale. Like reference numerals have been included in the various figures for ease of understanding.

FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of possible repetitions in NB-loT;

fig. 2 shows a schematic diagram of NPUSCH format;

fig. 3 shows a schematic diagram of an uplink transmission and resynchronization timeline for NB-loT;

FIG. 4 shows a schematic diagram of a maximum number of repetitions;

fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of elements of a cellular communication network;

fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a communication protocol related to uplink resource management;

fig. 7 shows a schematic diagram of a processing scheme for an uplink physical channel;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing simulation results of detection probabilities for different sequences;

fig. 9 shows a schematic diagram of the relative detection probabilities of different sequences.

[ detailed description ] of the invention

Those skilled in the art will recognize and appreciate that the specifics of the examples described are merely illustrative of some embodiments and that the teachings set forth herein may be applied in a variety of alternative settings.

Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of three base stations (e.g., enbs or gnbs depending on the particular cellular standard and terminology) forming a cellular network. Typically, each base station will be deployed by one cellular network operator to provide geographic coverage for UEs in that area. The base stations form a Radio Area Network (RAN). Each base station provides wireless coverage for UEs in its area or cell. The base stations are interconnected via an X2 interface and connected to the core network via an S1 interface. As will be appreciated, only basic details are shown for the purpose of key features of the exemplary cellular network.

Each base station includes hardware and software to implement RAN functions, including communication with the core network and other base stations, transfer of control and data signals between the core network and UEs, and maintaining wireless communication with UEs associated with each base station. The core network includes hardware and software to implement network functions such as overall network management and control, and routing of calls and data. A UE (not shown) for connecting to a cellular network includes hardware and software to provide the functionality described herein and to provide normal operating capabilities associated with the UE.

Fig. 6 shows a transmission diagram between a cellular network and a UE connected to a base station of the network. In step 600, the UE sends a request to the network for uplink resources to be preconfigured for use by the UE. In step 601, the network allocates appropriate resources and sends an indication of the allocated resources to the UE (from the associated base station). The detailed information may include time and frequency allocation, periodicity (P), the number of repetitions of each transmission in each period (Nreps), and start transmission time (Tstart). Each of these may signal explicitly or implicitly, or may not be needed in some cases.

The UE then has resources available for transmission and, in

steps

602 and 603, the UE utilizes the allocated resources to send data to the cellular network. However, at the next available occurrence 604 of resources, the UE does not have data to send, and therefore does not need resources. In the above discussed prior art system, although there is no data to be transmitted, the UE has a possibility of not transmitting any message, losing resources or doing virtual transmission and thus consuming energy.

According to the method of fig. 6, instead of a regular transmission (or no transmission), the UE sends an indication, which may be referred to as a preamble, in the next repeated first resource at 604. The preamble is an indication that is received by the network and decoded as an indication that the UE has no data to send but does not wish to terminate the resource allocation. Thus, the cellular network knows that no further transmission will be expected when such resources are present, but that no de-allocation will occur. The cellular network can reallocate resources that would not be used for other UEs.

The effect of transmitting the preamble when no resources are needed is to reduce the energy consumption of the UE compared to transmitting the dummy data. If there is no disclosed technique to use virtual data to reserve resources, the UE will have to send Nreps. Assuming that the transmission power of the preamble is the same as one data transmission, the saved energy (Pcoserved) is given by:

Pconserved＝(Nreps—1)*PTX

wherein PTX is the energy of one repetition. As the number of repetitions of the configuration increases, so does the energy savings. In the case of nreps=1, there is no energy saving since the preamble replaces the unique virtual transmission required. Therefore, the method can be applied only when Nreps >1, and if nreps=1, virtual transmission is enabled.

The preamble may be any signal that the cellular network can receive and identify as an indication that allocation of UE resources should be suspended. Thus, the signal must convey (implicitly or explicitly) the identity of the UE, but no other data may be required. However, it is also possible to use the preamble to transmit control data or user data, if desired. The preamble may be selected to have a high detection rate.

In an example, the preamble may be a Zadoff-Chu sequence (ZC sequence). Such sequences have high detection rates due to good PAPR characteristics and are capable of transmitting signals at high power. A fixed root, defined length, 12nRB sequence may be used. nRB is defined as the bandwidth in the resource block for a predefined UL transmission. The sequence is repeated over all 14 OFDM symbols in the transmission subframe. A potential drawback of such sequences is that such sequences are not typically used in uplink transmissions and thus may result in additional complexity for the UE and cellular network.

In another example, UL-DMRS (demodulation reference signal) may be used as a preamble. Such signals also have good detection probability and PAPR characteristics and have the advantage that they are already used for uplink transmission, so that the extra complexity should be minimized. The same DMRS may be used for each transmission in all 14 OFDM symbols in a subframe, or alternatively, a different DMRS may be employed in each or some OFDM symbols. In other examples, a longer DMRS may be selected that can fill all or some of the OFDM symbols, thereby avoiding repetition of the sequence.

In another example, a known sequence may be used as a preamble that is transmitted in the same manner as a conventional transmission on NPUSCH. The sequence may be transmitted as a low data rate subframe. Fig. 7, fig. 5.3-1, which originates from TS 36-211, shows the uplink physical channel processing procedure. In one example, the sequence may be [01010101]. Such sequences may have lower detection probabilities and varying PAPRs than the previously described examples, although the latter may be reduced by selecting sequences with low PAPR. If a normal transmission chain is used, there is a risk that the decoded sequence is a real data string that results in erroneous decoding. The chance that such a data string will naturally arrive at the transmitter is a power of half the sequence length, assuming a uniform distribution of the data string.

An important factor in selecting a preamble is the probability of detection, as the signal affects the uplink transmission of many subsequent subframes. Fig. 8 shows simulation results of detection failure for SNR for different preambles. The SNR of-19 dB corresponds to an MCL of-164 dBm, which is an extremely high coverage. In the simulation, each transmission occupies 1 subframe and 1 or 2 RB bandwidths (as indicated by the key) in the time domain.

Fig. 8 shows the advantage of a Zadoff-Chu sequence followed by DMRS, while a lower bit rate sequence has the worst probability of detection. The preamble may be repeated several times to increase the detection probability, but the energy saving may be reduced.

Fig. 9 illustrates the effect of different types of preambles on various factors related to preamble selection.

In the previous description, a preamble has been sent to indicate that the allocated resources are not needed and can be suspended. In an alternative arrangement, the preamble may indicate that the resource may terminate.

In another alternative, the preamble is an indication that data is being transmitted in the allocated resources. That is, the preamble is transmitted before each UL transmission and is used by the cellular network as an indication of the desired data. If the UE does not have any content to send, the allocated resources can be skipped. Such a system increases the overhead per transmission but conserves the energy used by the UE when there is no data to send, as the device can stay in IDLE without having to make a virtual transmission. Since there is no positive indication that the UE is not transmitting, the network cannot know whether the lost reception is due to a lost connection or intentional non-transmission. Thus, longer reservations may be required for PUR.

The proposed preamble is chosen to be easy to detect, thereby increasing the chance of the receiving base station detecting the transmission, including under bad channel conditions. Thus, failure to detect the preamble at the beginning of the resource is an early indication that the UE does not intend to use the resource. Thus, the base station knows that the UE will not use these resources before the actual data transmission starts.

Thus, the cellular network can reallocate resources as soon as the preamble period ends without reception.

The selected preamble is utilized to transmit additional information from the UE. For example, multiple roots of ZC sequences or multiple sequences may form a set of possible preambles. The selected root or sequence can then be selected based on the information desired. For example, one sequence may indicate a request to suspend a resource, while another sequence indicates a request to terminate an allocation. The same principle can be applied to the use of DMRS, but may be more difficult due to the risk of interfacing with neighboring cells. In one example, the carried data can be an indication of how long the UE intends to suspend transmission. A predefined time period may be defined and each time period is indicated by a selected preamble. Such a system may provide further savings because the UE only needs to send one preamble per suspension, rather than only one preamble per resource occurrence.

However, such a system increases the complexity of the receive chain because blind decoding has to be performed over multiple sequences.

Although not shown in detail, any device or apparatus forming part of a network may comprise at least a processor, a storage unit and a communication interface, wherein the processor unit, the storage unit and the communication interface are configured to perform the methods of any aspect of the invention. Further options and choices are described below.

The signal processing functions of embodiments of the present invention, particularly the gNB and the UE, may be implemented using computing systems or architectures known to those skilled in the relevant art. Computing systems such as desktop, laptop or notebook computers, hand-held computing devices (PDAs, cell phones, palmtops, etc.), mainframes, servers, clients or any other type of special or general purpose computing device may be used as desired or appropriate for a given application or environment (as may be the case). The computing system may include one or more processors, which may be implemented using a general purpose or special purpose processing engine such as a microprocessor, microcontroller, or other control module.

The computing system may also include a main memory, such as Random Access Memory (RAM) or other dynamic memory, for storing information and instructions to be executed by the processor. Such main memory may also be used for storing temporary variables or other intermediate information during execution of instructions to be executed by the processor. The computing system may also include a Read Only Memory (ROM) or other static storage device for storing static information and instructions for the processor.

The computing system may also include an information storage system, which may include, for example, a media drive and a removable storage interface. The media drive may include a drive or other mechanism to support fixed or removable storage media, such as a hard disk drive, floppy disk drive, magnetic tape drive, optical disk drive, compact Disk (CD) or Digital Video Drive (DVD), read-write drive (R or RW), or other removable or fixed media drive. Storage media may include, for example, hard disk drives, floppy disks, magnetic tape, optical disks, CDs or DVDs, or other fixed or removable media read by and written to by a media drive. The storage medium may include a computer-readable storage medium having stored therein specific computer software or data.

In alternative embodiments, the information storage system may include other similar components for allowing computer programs or other instructions or data to be loaded into the computing system. Such components may include, for example, removable storage units and interfaces (e.g., program cartridge and cartridge interfaces), removable memory (e.g., flash memory or other removable memory modules) and storage slots and other removable storage units, and interfaces that allow software and data to be transferred from the removable storage units to the computing system.

The computing system may also include a communication interface. Such a communication interface may be used to allow software and data to be transferred between the computing system and external devices. Examples of communication interfaces may include modems, network interfaces (e.g., ethernet or other NIC cards), communication ports (e.g., universal Serial Bus (USB) ports), PCMCIA slots and cards, etc. Software and data transferred via the communications interface are in the form of signals which may be electronic, electromagnetic, optical or other signals capable of being received by the communications interface medium.

In this document, the terms "computer program product," "computer-readable medium," and the like may be used to generally refer to tangible media, such as memory, storage devices, or storage units. These and other forms of computer-readable media may store one or more instructions for use by a processor, including a computer system, to cause the processor to perform specified operations. Such instructions, commonly referred to as "computer program code" (which may be grouped in the form of computer programs or other groupings), when executed, enable a computing system to perform functions of embodiments of the present invention. Note that the code may directly cause the processor to perform specified operations, be compiled to do so, and/or be combined with other software, hardware, and/or firmware elements (e.g., libraries for performing standard functions) to do so.

The non-transitory computer readable medium may include at least one of: hard disks, CD-ROMs, optical storage devices, magnetic storage devices, read-only memory, programmable read-only memory, erasable programmable read-only memory, EPROM, electrically erasable programmable read-only memory, and flash memory. In embodiments where the elements are implemented using software, the software may be stored in a computer readable medium and loaded into a computing system using, for example, a removable storage drive. The control module (in this example, software instructions or executable computer program code) when executed by a processor in a computer system causes the processor to perform the functions of the invention described herein.

Furthermore, the inventive concept is applicable to any circuit for performing signal processing functions within a network element. It is further contemplated that the inventive concept may be employed in the design of a microcontroller, such as a Digital Signal Processor (DSP), or an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), for example, and/or a stand-alone device of any other subsystem element.

It should be appreciated that for clarity, the above description has described embodiments of the invention with reference to a single processing logic. However, the inventive concept may equally be implemented by means of a plurality of different functional units and processors to provide signal processing functionality. Thus, references to specific functional units are only to be seen as references to suitable means for providing the described functionality rather than indicative of a strict logical or physical structure or organization.

Aspects of the invention may be implemented in any suitable form including hardware, software, firmware or any combination of these. The invention may alternatively be implemented at least in part as computer software running on one or more data processors and/or digital signal processors or configurable module components such as FPGA devices.

Thus, the elements and components of an embodiment of the invention may be physically, functionally and logically implemented in any suitable way. Indeed the functionality may be implemented in a single unit, in a plurality of units or as part of other functional units. Although the present invention has been described in connection with some embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the specific form set forth herein. Rather, the scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims. In addition, while a feature may appear to be described in connection with particular embodiments, one skilled in the art would recognize that various features of the described embodiments may be combined in accordance with the invention. In the claims, the term "comprising" does not exclude the presence of other elements or steps.

Furthermore, although individually listed, a plurality of means, elements or method steps may be implemented by e.g. a single unit or processor. Furthermore, although individual features may be included in different claims, these may possibly be advantageously combined, and the inclusion in different claims does not imply that a combination of features is not feasible and/or advantageous. Also, the inclusion of a feature in one claim category does not imply a limitation to this category but rather indicates that the feature is appropriate for other claim categories.

Furthermore, the order of features in the claims does not imply any specific order in which the features must be performed and in particular the order of individual steps in a method claim does not imply that the steps must be performed in that order. Rather, the steps may be performed in any suitable order. In addition, singular references do not exclude a plurality. Thus, references to "a", "an", "first", "second", etc. do not preclude a plurality.

Although the present invention has been described in connection with some embodiments, it is not intended to be limited to the specific form set forth herein. Rather, the scope of the invention is limited only by the appended claims. In addition, while a feature may appear to be described in connection with particular embodiments, one skilled in the art would recognize that various features of the described embodiments may be combined in accordance with the invention. In the claims, the term "comprising" or "comprises" does not exclude the presence of other elements.

Claims

1. A method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method comprising the steps of:

allocating uplink transmission resources for transmission from the UE to the base station, wherein the uplink transmission resources are repeated with a predefined period;

transmitting an indication of the allocated resources to the UE; and

if the occurrence of the allocated resources sent from the UE to the base station is not required, receiving a preamble from the UE to the base station when the allocated resources occur, wherein the preamble indicates that there is no transmission from the UE in the resources;

wherein the preamble has a high detection rate, the preamble is a Zadoff-Chu sequence, and the preamble is repeated at least once.

2. The method of claim 1, wherein the uplink transmission resources comprise resources for N repeated uplink transmissions.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the indication occupies at most one of the N repeated resources.

4. The method of claim 1, wherein the preamble is an indication to suspend allocation of resources for the UE.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the preamble is an indication of termination of resources allocated for the UE.

6. A method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method being performed by a UE and comprising the steps of:

receiving an indication of allocated uplink transmission resources for a UE to a base station, wherein the uplink transmission resources are repeated with a predefined period; and

if the occurrence of the allocated resource transmitted from the UE to the base station is not required, transmitting a preamble from the UE to the base station when the allocated resource occurs, wherein the preamble indicates that there is no transmission from the UE in the resource;

7. The method of claim 6, wherein the uplink transmission resources comprise resources for N repeated uplink transmissions.

8. The method of claim 6, wherein the indication occupies at most one of the N repeated resources.

9. The method of claim 6, wherein the preamble is an indication to suspend allocation of resources for the UE.

10. The method of claim 6, wherein the preamble is an indication of termination of resources allocated for the UE.

11. A UE comprising a processor, a memory unit and a communication interface configured to perform the method of any of claims 6-10.

12. A method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method comprising the steps of:

transmitting an indication of the allocated resources to the UE; and

when the UE intends to start transmission, receiving a preamble from the UE to the base station, wherein the preamble indicates that there is a transmission from the UE in the resource;

13. The method of claim 12, wherein the uplink transmission resources comprise resources for N repeated uplink transmissions.

14. A method of uplink resource allocation in a cellular communication system, the method being performed by a UE and comprising the steps of:

if the occurrence of the allocated resources which are required to be transmitted from the UE to the base station is required, transmitting a preamble from the UE to the base station at the beginning of the occurrence, wherein the preamble indicates that the resources have the transmission from the UE;

15. The method of claim 14, wherein the uplink transmission resources comprise resources for N repeated uplink transmissions.

16. A UE comprising a processor, a memory unit and a communication interface configured to perform the method of any of claims 14-15.