CN113255028B - Method for measuring effectiveness of street-crossing blind sidewalk - Google Patents

Method for measuring effectiveness of street-crossing blind sidewalk Download PDF

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CN113255028B
CN113255028B CN202110404725.7A CN202110404725A CN113255028B CN 113255028 B CN113255028 B CN 113255028B CN 202110404725 A CN202110404725 A CN 202110404725A CN 113255028 B CN113255028 B CN 113255028B
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马永锋
胡淑钦
莫少婕
陈淑燕
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Southeast University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a method for measuring effectiveness of a street-crossing blind road, and belongs to the field of evaluation and analysis of barrier-free facilities and traffic infrastructures. Firstly, basic data of a street crossing blind road is obtained; secondly, constructing a structural equation model, determining a hierarchical structure among each type of basic data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in various types of data; thirdly, judging whether the model meets the adaptation requirement according to the overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model; and finally, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk. The validity measure method can quantitatively describe the influence degree of different factors on the validity of the street-crossing blind road, and provides theoretical basis for quantitative analysis of the validity of the street-crossing blind road and establishment of policies for improving validity of barrier-free facilities.

Description

Method for measuring effectiveness of street-crossing blind sidewalk
Technical Field
The invention relates to a technology of a method for measuring effectiveness of a street-crossing blind road, belonging to the technical field of evaluation and analysis of barrier-free facilities and traffic infrastructures.
Background
According to statistics, 1400 people with vision disorder in China are counted, and 45 people with vision disorder are newly added every year, so that the people with vision disorder become a non-negligible group. Visually impaired people face a great challenge in terms of independent travel, especially in complex traffic environments where they have limited opportunities to enter public spaces. These problems in turn exclude vision impaired persons from social and economic activities, which also means loss of equal, participation and sharing rights. Quality of life is their. On the other hand, with the rapid development of society, people pay more attention to the care of the human beings, giving more consideration to the life of the visually impaired people. In order to equalize social resources and services, construction of barrier-free facilities is accelerating the progress of the travel environment for handicapped persons. Therefore, optimizing the travel environment of visually impaired people is urgent to make contribution to realizing social equality and harmony.
Among the difficulties in travel for many visually impaired people, one of the most prominent problems is road crossing. When only audible information is used, visually impaired people require more time to achieve crossover. In addition, their safety issues are also difficult to guarantee. At the same time, complex traffic and road environments also exacerbate this problem. In China, the street-crossing blind sidewalk is not systematically researched, and the quantitative analysis of the street-crossing blind sidewalk effectiveness is not researched, and a scientific and complete street-crossing blind sidewalk effectiveness measurement system is not constructed.
Disclosure of Invention
Technical problems:
The invention discloses a method for measuring effectiveness of a street-crossing blind road, and belongs to the field of evaluation and analysis of barrier-free facilities and traffic infrastructures. Firstly, basic data of a street crossing blind road is obtained; secondly, calculating various parameters of the street-crossing blind road guidance passing module, the street-crossing blind road space density module and the street-crossing blind road paving completion degree module; and finally, obtaining an effectiveness measure system of the street-crossing blind road by constructing a measure method. The effectiveness measurement system constructed by the invention can quantitatively describe the influence degree of different factors on the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk and making policies for improving the effectiveness of barrier-free facilities.
The technical scheme is as follows:
The invention adopts the following technical scheme for solving the technical problems:
A method for measuring effectiveness of a street-crossing blind road comprises the following steps:
step one, acquiring relevant basic data of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, wherein the basic data comprise three types: the street-crossing blind sidewalk refers to traffic data, street-crossing blind sidewalk space density data and street-crossing blind sidewalk paving completion degree data;
Step two, a structural equation model is constructed, a hierarchical structure among three types of data is determined, and the influence weight of each data in the three types of data is obtained;
Step three, calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model, judging whether the model fitting requirement is met according to a calculation result, if yes, entering a step four, otherwise, returning to the step one;
and step four, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and realizing quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk.
Further, in the first step:
The street-crossing blind road guidance traffic data comprise street-crossing blind road width, street-crossing blind road length, local vision-impaired people blind road training rate, local vision-impaired people average walking speed and total probability of the local vision-impaired people completing independent walking; the street-crossing blind road space density data comprise street-crossing blind road laying rate, street-crossing people flow density and vehicle flow density; the data of the paving completion of the street-crossing blind sidewalk comprises the regular maintenance rate and the standard standardization of the street-crossing blind sidewalk bricks.
Further, the blind road training rate x 4 of the visually impaired person is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein n study is the number of people who are locally trained in walking on the blind, and n total is the total number of people with local visual impairment;
The total probability x 5 that the local visually impaired person completes independent walking is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein n indepent is the total number of the visually impaired people who can walk independently locally, and n total is the total number of the visually impaired people locally.
Further, the paving rate y 3 of the street-crossing blind sidewalk is calculated according to the following formula:
Where s crossing is the total area of the local crosswalk, and s tactile-paving is the paving area of the local street-crossing blind road.
Further, the periodic maintenance rate z 1 is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein t i is the maintenance time of the ith street-crossing blind sidewalk, n is the maintenance times of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and t total is the total service time of the street-crossing blind sidewalk; the standard standardization z 2 of the street-crossing blind road bricks is calculated according to the following formula:
where s error is the total area of the wrong paving type in each street-crossing blind road, and s tactile-paving is the paving area of the local street-crossing blind road.
Further, the specific steps of the second step are as follows:
normalizing the three types of data obtained in the step one;
and establishing a structural equation model through path analysis construction, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of normalized data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of normalized data.
Further: in the fourth step, the effectiveness y of the street-crossing blind road is as follows:
y=(β1X+εX)+(β2Y+εY)
Wherein X, Y is the index of the guidance of the street-crossing blind, the index of the space density of the street-crossing blind, beta 1、β2 is the influence weight of X, Y, epsilon X、εY is the residual value ,X=(λX1X1X1)+(λX2X2X2)+(λX3X3X3)+(λX4X4X4)+(λX5X5X5),Y=(λY1Y1Y1)+(λY2Y2Y2)+(λY3Y3Y3),X1、X2、X3、X4、X5 of X, Y is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind, the length of the street-crossing blind, the training rate of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the average walking speed of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the total probability of the independent walking of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, epsilon X1、εX2、εX3、εX4、εX5 is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind, the length of the street-crossing blind, the training rate of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the average walking speed of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the residual value of the total probability of the independent walking of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, Y 1、Y2、Y3 is the normalized paving rate of the blind of the street-crossing, the current density of the street-crossing person, the current density of the traffic, epsilon Y1、εY2、εY3 is the normalized paving rate of the blind of the street-crossing, the current density of the difference of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, and the current density of the traffic, and the residual value of the current density of the street-crossing is obtained according to the structure model parameter calibration process.
Further: in the third step, the overall fitness evaluation index of the structural equation model comprises χ 2 statistic, approximate error root mean square RMSEA, fitness index GFI and comparative fitness index CFI.
The beneficial effects are that:
The invention establishes a relatively complete measurement method of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, can clearly present the influence degree of different factors on the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, provides a theoretical basis for evaluating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and also provides a basis for scientifically making an intervention policy to promote the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk.
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FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application is further illustrated below in conjunction with specific embodiments, it being understood that these embodiments are meant to be illustrative of the application only and not limiting the scope of the application, as modifications of various equivalent embodiments of the application will fall within the scope of the application as defined in the appended claims after reading the application.
The invention provides a method for measuring effectiveness of a street-crossing blind road, which mainly comprises the following steps:
1) Acquiring relevant basic data of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road:
The related basic data of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk mainly comprises three types: the street-crossing blind sidewalk refers to traffic data, street-crossing blind sidewalk space density data and street-crossing blind sidewalk paving completion degree data. The street-crossing blind road guidance traffic data comprises street-crossing blind road width x 1, street-crossing blind road length x 2, local vision-impaired person blind road training rate x 4, local vision-impaired person average walking speed x 3 and total probability of local vision-impaired person completing independent walking x 5, N study is the number of people who receive the walking training of the blind, n total is the total number of people with vision impairment in the area, and n indepent is the number of people who can walk independently; the space density data of the street blind sidewalk comprises the paving rate y 3 of the street blind sidewalk, the pedestrian flow density y 1 of the street and the traffic flow density y 2,/>S crossing is the area of the crosswalk, and s tasctile-paving is the paving area of the street-crossing blind sidewalk in the area; the data of the paving completion of the street-crossing blind sidewalk comprises a periodic maintenance rate z 1 and standard standardization degree z 2,/>, of street-crossing blind sidewalk bricksT i is the maintenance time of the ith street-crossing blind road, t total is the total service time length,/>S error is the total area of wrong paving types in each street-crossing blind road, and s tactile-paving is the paving area of the regional street-crossing blind road.
2) Constructing a structural equation model, determining a hierarchical structure among three types of data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of data:
Normalizing the three types of data;
And establishing a structural equation model through path analysis construction, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of normalized data, and obtaining the influence weight and each residual value of each data in the three types of normalized data.
3) And (3) calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model, judging whether the model fitting requirement is met according to a calculation result, if so, entering a step (IV), otherwise, returning to the step (1).
Calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index: the χ 2 statistic, the approximate error root mean square RMSEA, the fitness index GFI, and the comparative fitness index CFI are used to evaluate the overall fitness of the model. And if all indexes meet the requirements, calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk. The fitting results for this example are shown in table 1, with the index results reaching acceptable levels.
TABLE 1 model adaptation index table
4) Calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and realizing quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk:
The effectiveness y of the street-crossing blind sidewalk is as follows:
y=(β1X+εX)+(β2Y+εY)
Wherein X, Y is the index of the guidance of the street-crossing blind, the index of the space density of the street-crossing blind, beta 1、β2 is the influence weight of X, Y, epsilon X、εY is the residual value ,X=(λX1X1X1)+(λX2X2X2)+(λX3X3X3)+(λX4X4X4)+(λX5X5X5),Y=(λY1Y1Y1)+(λY2Y2Y2)+(λY3Y3Y3),X1、X2、X3、X4、X5 of X, Y is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind, the length of the street-crossing blind, the training rate of the blind of the visually impaired person, the average walking speed of the visually impaired person and the total probability of the visually impaired person to complete independent walking, epsilon X1、εX2、εX3、εX4、εX5 is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind, the length of the street-crossing blind, the training rate of the blind of the visually impaired person, the average walking speed of the visually impaired person and the residual value of the total probability of the visually impaired person to complete independent walking, Y 1、Y2、Y3 is the normalized paving rate of the blind of the street-crossing, the density of the pedestrian and the traffic density, and epsilon Y1、εY2、εY3 is the normalized difference of the paving rate of the blind of the street-crossing blind, the traffic density and the traffic density.
The invention provides a method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk for the first time, and the specific effect of the street-crossing blind sidewalk construction is effectively estimated from a quantitative angle. The street-crossing blind sidewalk is an emerging barrier-free facility in China, and can be widely applied to various large cities to help people with vision disabilities to quickly and safely cross the street along with the promotion of the construction of the barrier-free environment in China. However, no analysis and research on the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind road is established in China at present, and in the link of pushing barrier-free facility construction, a street-crossing blind road effectiveness measurement system which accords with the national conditions of China is constructed, so that the practical use effect of the street-crossing blind road is guaranteed, and unnecessary resource waste is reduced. The structural equation model has the advantages of objectivity and high accuracy, can effectively quantify the relation among factors affecting the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and provides an important technical means for quantitatively evaluating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk.
The invention can be applied to the links of construction and specific layout, use and evaluation of barrier-free facilities in China, reflects the rationality and effectiveness of the layout of the street-crossing blind roads, is beneficial to defining the layout mode of the barrier-free facilities, provides the thinking and reference of the optimization of the barrier-free facilities for the relevant departments of society, continuously perfects the existing barrier-free facilities, improves the travel experience of people with vision residues, and ensures the travel safety.
The invention also provides a computer device comprising a processor and a memory. The memory is a computer-readable storage medium that can be used to store a computer-executable program. The processor executes the instructions stored in the memory to perform various functional applications and data processing of the computer device, namely, to implement the above-described method for measuring effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk.
The present invention also provides a storage medium containing computer executable instructions which, when executed by a computer processor, are used to perform the above-described method of cross-street blind road effectiveness measurement.
From the above description of embodiments, it will be clear to a person skilled in the art that the present invention may be implemented by means of software and necessary general purpose hardware, but of course also by means of hardware, although in many cases the former is a preferred embodiment. Based on such understanding, the technical solution of the present invention may be embodied essentially or in a part contributing to the prior art in the form of a software product, which may be stored in a computer readable storage medium, such as a floppy disk, a Read-Only Memory (ROM), a random access Memory (Random Access Memory, RAM), a FLASH Memory (FLASH), a hard disk, or an optical disk of a computer, etc., and include several instructions for causing a computer device (which may be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute the method according to the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. The method for measuring the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk is characterized by comprising the following steps of:
step one, acquiring relevant basic data of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, wherein the basic data comprise three types: the street-crossing blind sidewalk refers to traffic data, street-crossing blind sidewalk space density data and street-crossing blind sidewalk paving completion degree data;
Step two, a structural equation model is constructed, a hierarchical structure among three types of data is determined, and the influence weight of each data in the three types of data is obtained;
Step three, calculating an overall fitting degree evaluation index of the structural equation model, judging whether the model fitting requirement is met according to a calculation result, if yes, entering a step four, otherwise, returning to the step one;
calculating the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and realizing quantitative analysis of the effectiveness of the street-crossing blind sidewalk; in the first step:
The street-crossing blind road guidance traffic data comprise street-crossing blind road width, street-crossing blind road length, local vision-impaired people blind road training rate, local vision-impaired people average walking speed and total probability of the local vision-impaired people completing independent walking; the street-crossing blind road space density data comprise street-crossing blind road laying rate, street-crossing people flow density and vehicle flow density; the data of the paving completion of the street-crossing blind sidewalk comprises the regular maintenance rate and the standard standardization of street-crossing blind sidewalk bricks;
the blind road training rate x 4 of the local visually impaired people is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein n study is the number of people who are locally trained in walking on the blind, and n total is the total number of people with local visual impairment;
The total probability x 5 that the local visually impaired person completes independent walking is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein n indepent is the total number of the visually impaired people who can walk independently locally, and n total is the total number of the visually impaired people locally;
The paving rate y 3 of the street-crossing blind sidewalk is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein s crossing is the total area of the local crosswalk, and s tactile-paving is the paving area of the local street-crossing blind road; periodic maintenance rate z 1 is calculated according to the following formula:
wherein t i is the maintenance time of the ith street-crossing blind sidewalk, n is the maintenance times of the street-crossing blind sidewalk, and t total is the total service time of the street-crossing blind sidewalk;
The standard standardization z 2 of the street-crossing blind road bricks is calculated according to the following formula:
Wherein s error is the total area of wrong paving types in each street-crossing blind road, and s tactile-paving is the paving area of the local street-crossing blind road;
the specific steps of the second step are as follows:
normalizing the three types of data obtained in the step one;
Establishing a structural equation model through path analysis construction, determining a hierarchical structure among the three types of normalized data, and obtaining the influence weight of each data in the three types of normalized data;
in the fourth step, the effectiveness y of the street-crossing blind road is as follows:
y=(β1X+εX)+(β2Y+εY)
wherein X, Y is the index of the guidance of the street-crossing blind, the index of the space density of the street-crossing blind, beta 1、β2 is the influence weight of X, Y, epsilon X、εY is the residual value ,X=(λX1X1X1)+(λX2X2X2)+(λX3X3X3)+(λX4X4X4)+(λX5X5X5),Y=(λY1Y1Y1)+(λY2Y2Y2)+(λY3Y3Y3),X1、X2、X3、X4、X5 of X, Y is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind, the length of the street-crossing blind, the training rate of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the average walking speed of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the total probability of the independent walking of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, epsilon X1、εX2、εX3、εX4、εX5 is the normalized width of the street-crossing blind, the length of the street-crossing blind, the training rate of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the average walking speed of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, the residual value of the total probability of the independent walking of the blind of the local vision-impaired person, Y 1、Y2、Y3 is the normalized paving rate of the blind of the street-crossing, the current density of the street-crossing person, the current density of the traffic, epsilon Y1、εY2、εY3 is the normalized paving rate of the blind of the street-crossing, the current density of the residual value of the current density of the blind of the street-crossing person, and the model parameter calibration process.
2. The method according to claim 1, wherein in the third step, the overall fitness evaluation index of the structural equation model includes χ 2 statistic, approximate error root mean square RMSEA, fitness index GFI and comparative fitness index CFI.
3. A storage medium containing computer executable instructions which, when executed by a computer processor, are for performing the street-crossing blind road effectiveness measurement method of any one of claims 1-2.
4. A computer device comprising a processor and a memory for storing instructions that when executed cause the processor to perform the method of cross-street effectiveness measurement of any one of claims 1-2.
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