CN113248879B - Lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN113248879B
CN113248879B CN202110496783.7A CN202110496783A CN113248879B CN 113248879 B CN113248879 B CN 113248879B CN 202110496783 A CN202110496783 A CN 202110496783A CN 113248879 B CN113248879 B CN 113248879B
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composite material
lotus leaf
adipic acid
poly
butylene terephthalate
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CN113248879A (en
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陈坤
魏天荣
张世慧
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Hubei Sanning Carbon Phosphorus Based New Material Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Hubei Sanning Chemical Co Ltd
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Hubei Sanning Carbon Phosphorus Based New Material Industry Technology Research Institute Co ltd
Hubei Sanning Chemical Co Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L67/00Compositions of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Compositions of derivatives of such polymers
    • C08L67/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J5/00Manufacture of articles or shaped materials containing macromolecular substances
    • C08J5/18Manufacture of films or sheets
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2367/00Characterised by the use of polyesters obtained by reactions forming a carboxylic ester link in the main chain; Derivatives of such polymers
    • C08J2367/02Polyesters derived from dicarboxylic acids and dihydroxy compounds
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2497/00Characterised by the use of lignin-containing materials
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08JWORKING-UP; GENERAL PROCESSES OF COMPOUNDING; AFTER-TREATMENT NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C08B, C08C, C08F, C08G or C08H
    • C08J2499/00Characterised by the use of natural macromolecular compounds or of derivatives thereof not provided for in groups C08J2401/00 - C08J2407/00 or C08J2489/00 - C08J2497/00
    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C08ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
    • C08LCOMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
    • C08L2201/00Properties
    • C08L2201/06Biodegradable
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W90/00Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02W90/10Bio-packaging, e.g. packing containers made from renewable resources or bio-plastics

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
  • Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Biological Depolymerization Polymers (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and a preparation method thereof, wherein the material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-80 parts of poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate, 10-30 parts of lotus leaf, 5-15 parts of lignin, 0.1-0.5 part of coupling agent and 0.1-0.5 part of heat stabilizer. The preparation method comprises the steps of drying poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate, lotus leaf and lignin to constant weight, and then crushing and sieving the dried lotus leaf; and finally, uniformly mixing all the raw materials in a mixer, and extruding and granulating at 110-140 ℃ to obtain the composite material. According to the invention, the natural highly hydrophobic biomass material lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate is used, and the natural adhesive lignin is added to prepare the composite material, so that the cost is reduced, the high added value utilization of lotus leaves is realized, and the material has excellent mechanical property, barrier property and biodegradability.

Description

Lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and preparation method thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of materials, in particular to a lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The polybutylene adipate/terephthalate is a thermoplastic biodegradable polymer material formed by copolymerizing butylene terephthalate and butylene adipate. It has good toughness, biocompatibility, ductility and heat resistance, and the mechanical property of the poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate) is similar to that of low-density polyethylene, so that the poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate) can replace a non-degradable polyethylene film. But the application range is limited due to high production cost, low tensile yield strength, poor barrier property and the like. Agricultural and forestry waste is widely used in modification research of poly (butylene adipate)/terephthalate) as a rich renewable biomass resource. CN106543651A, CN106336531A, CN105968738A was modified with bagasse, corn stover and pistachio nut shell, respectively, to prepare a composite material. The biomass of bagasse, corn stalk and pistachio nut shells is added into the poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), so that the cost is reduced, the mechanical property is improved, but the barrier property of the poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate) is not improved. In addition, since these biomass wastes contain a large amount of hydroxyl groups, they are hydrophilic and have poor compatibility with poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate), and pretreatment is required before use.
The lotus leaf is used as a highly hydrophobic natural biomass material, and the unique high superhydrophobicity of the lotus leaf is endowed due to the combined action of the waxy component on the leaf surface and the micro/nano composite structure. The lotus leaves in China are rich in resources, the cultivation area is about 900-1000 mu, and the lotus leaves are widely distributed and mainly distributed in Hubei provinces, hunan provinces, jiangxi provinces, fujian provinces, jiangsu provinces, zhejiang provinces, shandong provinces, hebei provinces and the like, wherein the lotus flower cultivation area in Hubei provinces is about 150 mu, and the lotus flowers are the first of the whole country. However, only a very small amount of lotus leaves are used in the industries of medical treatment, food, health care and the like at present, about 90% of the lotus leaves are discarded in the Tian Tang river and lake, and resource waste is caused.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively improve the mechanical property and the barrier property.
The technical scheme of the invention is that the lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material comprises the following raw materials in parts by weight:
60 to 80 parts of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 10 to 30 parts of lotus leaf, 5 to 15 parts of lignin, 0.1 to 0.5 part of coupling agent and 0.1 to 0.5 part of heat stabilizer.
Further, the method also comprises 0.1 to 0.5 part of whisker.
Further, the whisker is one of calcium sulfate whisker, calcium carbonate whisker or magnesium sulfate whisker.
Further, the coupling agent is a titanate coupling agent.
Further, the heat stabilizer is one of epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized butyl stearate.
Further, the lotus leaf is dried and then crushed into powder.
The invention also relates to a method for preparing the material, which comprises the following specific steps:
s1, drying poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), lotus leaf and lignin to constant weight for later use;
s2, crushing and sieving the dried lotus leaves for standby;
s3, uniformly mixing all the raw materials in a mixer, and extruding and granulating at 110-140 ℃ to obtain the composite material.
Further, the drying in S1 is vacuum drying, and the temperature is 60-80 ℃.
Further, when sieving in S2, the screen was 200 mesh.
The invention also relates to a biodegradable film obtained by drying and blow molding the composite material prepared by the method.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the lotus leaf natural hydrophobic biomass material is used for preparing the composite material by modifying the poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate, so that the high added value of the lotus leaf is realized, waste is changed into valuable, the production cost is reduced, and the biodegradable composite material with excellent mechanical property and barrier property is obtained.
2. The lotus leaf is used as a highly hydrophobic natural biomass material, has good moisture resistance, and can avoid the prior modification pretreatment when being used for modifying hydrophobic poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate compared with other hydrophilic biomass wastes.
3. The lignin is used as a natural adhesive, has viscosity at more than 80 ℃, can strengthen the adhesion between lotus leaves and poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate), and the three-dimensional network structure can strengthen the mechanical property of the composite material.
Detailed Description
Embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to examples, but it will be understood by those skilled in the art that the following examples are only for illustrating the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material, which comprises the following components in mass percent: 60 to 80 parts of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 10 to 30 parts of lotus leaf, 5 to 15 parts of lignin, 0 to 0.5 part of whisker, 0.1 to 0.5 part of coupling agent and 0.1 to 0.5 part of heat stabilizer.
The whisker is one of calcium sulfate whisker, calcium carbonate whisker or magnesium sulfate whisker. The coupling agent is titanate coupling agent. The heat stabilizer is one of epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized butyl stearate.
A preparation method of lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material comprises the following specific steps:
(1) Drying poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), lotus leaf and lignin in a vacuum drying oven at 60-80 ℃ to constant weight for later use;
(2) Crushing the dried lotus leaves by a traditional Chinese medicine crusher, and sieving the crushed lotus leaves with a 200-mesh sieve for standby;
(3) Placing the materials obtained in the step (1) and the step (2) and other raw materials into a high-speed mixer, and uniformly mixing;
(4) Placing the uniformly mixed material in the step (3) into a double-screw extrusion granulator, and extruding and granulating at the temperature of 110-140 ℃ to obtain a composite material;
(5) And (3) drying and blowing the composite material obtained in the step (4) to form a film, thereby obtaining the biodegradable film.
Example 1
Respectively weighing 60% of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 30% of lotus leaf powder, 9% of lignin, 0.5% of calcium sulfate whisker, 0.1% of titanate coupling agent and 0.4% of epoxidized soybean oil according to mass ratio, placing into a high-speed mixer for uniform mixing, extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed materials at 110-140 ℃ to obtain a composite material, and drying, blow molding and film forming the composite material.
Example 2
Respectively weighing 80% of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 13% of lotus leaf powder, 0.3% of calcium sulfate whisker, 6% of lignin, 0.5% of titanate coupling agent and 0.2% of butyl epoxy stearate according to mass ratio, placing into a high-speed mixer for uniform mixing, extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed materials at 110-140 ℃ to obtain a composite material, and drying, blowing and forming the composite material into a film.
Example 3
Respectively weighing 75% of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 10% of lotus leaf powder, 14% of lignin, 0.2% of magnesium sulfate whisker, 0.3% of titanate coupling agent and 0.5% of epoxidized soybean oil according to mass ratio, placing into a high-speed mixer for uniform mixing, extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed materials at 110-140 ℃ to obtain a composite material, and drying, blow molding and film forming the composite material.
Example 4
Respectively weighing 70% of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 20% of lotus leaf powder, 9% of lignin, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate whisker, 0.4% of titanate coupling agent and 0.5% of butyl epoxy stearate according to mass ratio, placing into a high-speed mixer for uniform mixing, extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed materials at 110-140 ℃ to obtain a composite material, and drying, blowing and forming the composite material into a film.
Comparative example 1
Respectively weighing 90% of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 0.2% of calcium carbonate whisker, 9% of lignin, 0.5% of titanate coupling agent and 0.3% of epoxidized soybean oil according to mass ratio, placing into a high-speed mixer for uniform mixing, extruding and granulating the uniform mixed materials at 110-140 ℃, and drying and blow molding to form a film.
Comparative example 2
Respectively weighing 79% of poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, 20% of lotus leaf powder, 0.1% of magnesium sulfate whisker, 0.4% of titanate coupling agent and 0.5% of butyl epoxy stearate according to mass ratio, placing into a high-speed mixer for uniform mixing, extruding and granulating the uniformly mixed materials at 110-140 ℃ to obtain a composite material, and then drying and blow molding the composite material to form a film.
Comparative example 3
Weighing 100% pure poly adipic acid/butylene terephthalate, extruding and granulating at 110-140 ℃, drying and blow molding to form a film.
The films prepared in examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were tested for tensile strength, elongation at break and water vapor barrier properties using a universal electronic tester and a water vapor transmission tester. The biodegradability of the film was measured three months after composting degradation. The results were as follows:
as can be seen from the experimental data of comparative examples 1, 2 and 3, the addition of lotus leaf and lignin can improve the tensile strength and elongation at break of poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), and the lotus leaf can also obviously improve the water vapor barrier property of poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate). Experimental data for comparative example 4, comparative example 1 and comparative example 2 show that lotus leaf and lignin act synergistically in increasing the tensile strength, elongation at break of poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate). However, comparative examples 1 and 4 found that the addition of excess lotus leaf conversely decreased the tensile strength of the poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate). This is because lotus leaf itself is a hydrophobic material, and has low adhesion, and when lotus leaf is excessive, a small amount of coupling agent and lignin do not act much between lotus leaf dispersion and adhesion of lotus leaf and poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate), and agglomeration occurs. In addition, the experimental result shows that the composite material has good biodegradability.

Claims (5)

1. The lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight:
70-80 parts of poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate, 10-20 parts of lotus leaf, 9-14 parts of lignin, 0.3-0.5 part of coupling agent, 0.2-0.5 part of heat stabilizer and 0.1-0.3 part of whisker; the whisker is one of calcium sulfate whisker, calcium carbonate whisker or magnesium sulfate whisker;
the preparation method of the composite material comprises the following steps:
s1, drying poly (butylene adipate/terephthalate), lotus leaf and lignin to constant weight for later use;
s2, crushing the dried lotus leaves, and sieving the crushed lotus leaves with a 200-mesh sieve for later use;
and S3, uniformly mixing all the raw materials in a mixer, and extruding and granulating at 110-140 ℃ to obtain the composite material.
2. The composite material of claim 1, wherein: the coupling agent is titanate coupling agent.
3. The composite material of claim 1, wherein: the heat stabilizer is one of epoxidized soybean oil or epoxidized butyl stearate.
4. The composite material of claim 1, wherein: and S1, drying in vacuum at the temperature of 60-80 ℃.
5. A biodegradable film obtained by drying, blow molding and film forming the composite material according to any one of claims 1 to 4.
CN202110496783.7A 2021-05-07 2021-05-07 Lotus leaf modified poly (adipic acid)/butylene terephthalate composite material and preparation method thereof Active CN113248879B (en)

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CN114013148A (en) * 2021-11-11 2022-02-08 山东农业大学 Polybutylene succinate/starch/lipid high-barrier composite membrane and preparation method thereof

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CN106832801A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-06-13 济宁明升新材料有限公司 A kind of lignin modification PBAT biodegradable plastics and preparation method thereof

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CN106832801A (en) * 2016-12-21 2017-06-13 济宁明升新材料有限公司 A kind of lignin modification PBAT biodegradable plastics and preparation method thereof

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