CN113246741A - High-temperature superconducting bulk and strip stacking mixed magnetic levitation system with high guiding performance - Google Patents
High-temperature superconducting bulk and strip stacking mixed magnetic levitation system with high guiding performance Download PDFInfo
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- CN113246741A CN113246741A CN202110659712.4A CN202110659712A CN113246741A CN 113246741 A CN113246741 A CN 113246741A CN 202110659712 A CN202110659712 A CN 202110659712A CN 113246741 A CN113246741 A CN 113246741A
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- 238000005339 levitation Methods 0.000 title claims description 18
- 239000002887 superconductor Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 20
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 17
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 230000005405 multipole Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000725 suspension Substances 0.000 abstract description 17
- 239000013590 bulk material Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000005415 magnetization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229920006395 saturated elastomer Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L13/00—Electric propulsion for monorail vehicles, suspension vehicles or rack railways; Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
- B60L13/04—Magnetic suspension or levitation for vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02N—ELECTRIC MACHINES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H02N15/00—Holding or levitation devices using magnetic attraction or repulsion, not otherwise provided for
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2200/00—Type of vehicles
- B60L2200/26—Rail vehicles
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-guiding-performance high-temperature superconducting bulk and strip stacking mixed magnetic suspension system, which comprises a cold source, a superconductor array and a permanent magnet track, wherein the cold source is arranged on the superconductor array; the superconductor array consists of a plurality of horizontal superconductor blocks and a vertical stacked body of superconducting tapes, and the permanent magnet track consists of a vertical magnetized magnet and a horizontal magnetized magnet; the cold source and the superconductor are sequentially arranged above the permanent magnet track from top to bottom, the cold source cools the superconductor arrangement, and the permanent magnet track provides an application external magnetic field; the vertical stacking body of the superconducting tape is arranged right above the vertical magnetized magnet, and the horizontal superconducting block is arranged right above the horizontal magnetized magnet, so that the seed crystal point of the superconducting block faces the permanent magnet track. The invention integrates the advantages of the high-temperature superconducting bulk material and the high-temperature superconducting strip magnetic suspension system, overcomes the defects of difficult processing, low efficiency, induced eddy current of the horizontal stacked body of the superconducting strip and the like due to the vertical arrangement of the superconducting bulk material, and ensures that the system has higher guiding performance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of application of a high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation technology, in particular to a high-temperature superconducting bulk and strip stacking mixed magnetic levitation system with high guiding performance.
Background
The high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system has self-stabilizing suspension and guiding capability, and the theoretical maximum running speed of the translation system can reach 3000 km/h, so the high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system has wide application prospect in a ground ultra-high speed transportation system. However, the guidance performance of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system is relatively weak, and the key for the realization of the high-temperature superconducting magnetic levitation system is to improve the guidance performance. The prior art mainly comprises:
(1) as shown in fig. 1, the related patent makes the horizontal superconducting block C-axis 22 and the vertical superconducting block C-axis 29 perpendicular to the magnetization direction of the opposite magnets, and the system can obtain higher guiding performance. However, in practical applications, the superconducting block is generally horizontally arranged, and the seed crystal point 23 of the superconducting block faces the permanent magnet track 3, and when the thickness of the superconducting block exceeds about 10 mm, the guiding performance of the superconducting block tends to be saturated; when the superconducting blocks are vertically arranged for use, on one hand, the superconducting blocks need to be machined, and the superconducting blocks are ceramic materials at normal temperature, so that the machining is easy to damage, and the performance is reduced or damaged, on the other hand, when the vertical magnetization magnet area is wider (more than 10 mm), the use efficiency of the superconducting blocks can be reduced, and when a plurality of superconductors are vertically arranged, besides the mechanical machining, the use amount of the superconducting materials is increased, so that higher cost is brought;
(2) as shown in fig. 2, it is reported in the literature (IEEE trans. appl. supercond, 2018, 28(4): 3601605) that when the C-axis 27 of the horizontal stack of superconducting tapes and the C-axis 25 of the vertical stack of superconducting tapes are arranged perpendicularly to the magnetization direction of the opposing magnets, the system can obtain higher guidance performance, but such an arrangement causes the system to lose the levitation property. In addition, as shown in fig. 3 and 4, due to the magnetic field attenuation at the joint of the permanent magnet tracks along the longitudinal direction, when the horizontal stacked body of the superconducting tapes runs above the permanent magnet tracks at high speed, an alternating magnetic field is equivalently applied, so that induced eddy current is generated on the surface of the tapesiBringing about a temperature rise, further reducing the system performance.
(3) Other techniques also include: the working temperature of the system is reduced by a nitrogen fixation cooling or refrigerating machine, and the critical current density and the capacity of capturing magnetic flux of the system are improved by adopting methods such as a high-performance superconducting material, increasing the using amount of the superconducting material and the like; the application external magnetic field strength of the permanent magnet track is improved by increasing the using amount and the residual magnetism of the permanent magnet material, optimizing the configuration of the permanent magnet track and the like. The method mainly enables the system to obtain higher guidance performance by improving material performance, increasing material consumption and optimizing the system, and meanwhile, higher self weight and high cost are brought.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects that a superconducting bulk material is vertically arranged, is difficult to process and has low efficiency and a superconducting tape horizontal stacked body induces eddy current in the prior art, the invention provides a high-temperature superconducting bulk material and tape stacked hybrid magnetic suspension system with high guiding performance, and aims to realize higher guiding performance of the system under the conditions of not increasing the self weight and the cost of the system.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the utility model provides a high temperature superconductor block of high guidance quality and band material pile up mixed magnetic levitation system which characterized in that: it includes cold source, superconductor arrangement and permanent magnet track; the superconductor array consists of a plurality of horizontal superconductor blocks and a vertical stacked body of superconducting tapes, and the permanent magnet track consists of a vertical magnetized magnet and a horizontal magnetized magnet; the cold source and the superconductor are sequentially arranged above the permanent magnet track from top to bottom, the cold source cools the superconductor arrangement, and the permanent magnet track provides an application external magnetic field; the vertical stacking body of the superconducting tape is arranged right above the vertical magnetized magnet, and the horizontal superconducting block is arranged right above the horizontal magnetized magnet, so that the seed crystal point of the superconducting block faces the permanent magnet track.
The horizontal superconducting blocks are adopted to replace the superconducting strip horizontal stacked body and are arranged over against the magnet in the horizontal magnetization direction, so that the temperature rise caused by the surface eddy current under the high-speed running of the superconducting strip stacked magnetic suspension system can be greatly weakened, and the system is more stable, reliable and practical;
compared with a superconducting block material, the superconducting tape has excellent self-field critical current density and mechanical strength, good low-temperature high-field performance, uniform stacking performance of the superconducting tape, and flexible and simple stacking thickness setting.
Further, the horizontal superconducting block is a single structure of ReBaCuO (Re is rare earth element) block or other superconducting material blocks or a combined structure of any two or more than two.
Further, the vertical stacking body of the superconducting tapes is formed by stacking ReBaCuO (Re is a rare earth element) tapes or other superconducting material tapes along the direction vertical to the horizontal plane, and different stacking thicknesses can be flexibly set by controlling the number of stacking layers.
Furthermore, the cold source is provided by a normal pressure or low pressure liquid nitrogen low temperature container and a refrigerator, and the superconductor arrangement is directly or indirectly cooled by liquid nitrogen, fixed nitrogen and a cold head;
furthermore, the permanent magnet track is a single magnet combined structure or a combined structure of any two or more than two of permanent magnets, electromagnets and superconducting wire (tape) coil magnets, and is a single-pole or multi-pole track;
further, when the permanent magnet track is assembled by permanent magnets, the transverse structure of the permanent magnet track is arranged in a mode that magnetic poles are arranged in a horizontal opposite mode or a Halbach array.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the defects that the vertical arrangement of the superconducting bulk material is difficult to use and process, the efficiency is low, the horizontal stacked body of the superconducting strip material induces eddy current and the like are overcome. Compared with a single type high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, the system has certain suspension capacity and higher guiding performance under the conditions of not increasing the self weight and the cost of the system.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and the detailed description;
FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a superconducting bulk material having a C-axis perpendicular to a magnetization direction;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a C-axis of a stack of superconducting tapes disposed perpendicular to a magnetization direction;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the longitudinal distribution of the external field of the permanent magnet track;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram showing an induced current distribution on the surface of a stack of superconducting tapes;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a three-pole high temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of a dual-pole high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system; names of reference numbers in the drawings:
1-cold source, 2-superconductor arrangement, 21-horizontal superconducting block, 22-horizontal superconducting block C axis, 23-superconducting block seed point, 24-superconducting tape vertical stack, 25-superconducting tape vertical stack C axis, 26-superconducting tape horizontal stack, 27-superconducting tape horizontal stack C axis, 28-vertical superconducting block, 29-vertical superconducting block C axis, 3-permanent magnet track, 31-horizontal magnetized magnet, 32-vertical magnetized magnet, 33-magnetic pole axis,B ⊥-a vertical field.
Detailed Description
Example 1:
fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a three-pole high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system, which is composed of a cold source 1, a superconductor arrangement 2, and a permanent magnet track 3. The superconductor arrangement 2 is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks 21 and a vertical stack 24 of superconducting tapes, and the permanent magnet track 3 is composed of vertical magnetized magnets 32 and horizontal magnetized magnets 31. A cold source 1 and a superconductor arrangement 2 are sequentially arranged above a permanent magnet track 3 from top to bottom, the cold source 1 cools the superconductor arrangement 2, and the permanent magnet track 3 provides an application external magnetic field. The horizontal superconducting block 21 is disposed directly above the horizontal magnetized magnet 31 so that the superconducting block seed point 23 faces the permanent magnet track 3, and the superconducting tape vertical stack 24 is disposed directly above the vertical magnetized magnet 32.
Wherein, the horizontal superconducting block 21 is a single structure of ReBaCuO (Re is rare earth element) bulk or other superconducting material bulk or a combined structure of any two or more.
The vertical stacking body 24 of the superconducting tapes is formed by stacking ReBaCuO (Re is a rare earth element) tapes or tapes of other superconducting materials along a direction vertical to a horizontal plane, and different stacking thicknesses can be flexibly set by controlling the number of stacking layers.
The cold source 1 is provided by a normal-pressure or low-pressure liquid nitrogen low-temperature container and a refrigerator, and the superconductor is directly or indirectly cooled by liquid nitrogen, fixed nitrogen and a cold head;
the permanent magnet track 3 is a single magnet combined structure or a combined structure of any two or more than two of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet and a superconducting wire (belt) coil magnet, and forms a single-pole or multi-pole track; when the permanent magnet track 3 is assembled by adopting permanent magnets, the transverse structure is arranged in a mode that the magnetic poles are horizontally arranged in opposite tops or a Halbach array is arranged.
The invention integrates the advantages of the high-temperature superconducting bulk material and the high-temperature superconducting strip magnetic suspension system, overcomes the defects of difficult processing, low efficiency, induced eddy current of the horizontal stacked body of the superconducting strip and the like due to the vertical arrangement of the superconducting bulk material, and ensures that the system has higher guiding performance. In other high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension systems based on single-pole and odd-numbered multi-pole tracks, the arrangement mode of superconductor arrangement is consistent with the arrangement method of the three-pole high-temperature superconducting bulk and strip stacking hybrid magnetic suspension system.
Example 2:
fig. 6 shows a schematic diagram of a dual-pole high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system, which is composed of a cold source 1, a superconductor array 2, and a permanent magnet track 3. The superconductor arrangement 2 is composed of a plurality of horizontal superconducting blocks 21 and a vertical stack 24 of superconducting tapes, and the permanent magnet track 3 is composed of vertical magnetized magnets 32 and horizontal magnetized magnets 31. A cold source 1 and a superconductor arrangement 2 are sequentially arranged above a permanent magnet track 3 from top to bottom, the cold source 1 cools the superconductor arrangement 2, and the permanent magnet track 3 provides an application external magnetic field. The horizontal superconducting block 21 is disposed directly above the horizontal magnetized magnet 31 so that the superconducting block seed point 23 faces the permanent magnet track 3, and the superconducting tape vertical stack 24 is disposed directly above the vertical magnetized magnet 32. In other high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension systems based on even number of multi-pole tracks, the arrangement mode of superconductor arrangement is consistent with the arrangement method of the double-pole high-temperature superconducting block and strip stacking mixed magnetic suspension system.
Compared with the system structure in fig. 6, the vertical stacking body 24 of the superconducting tapes is stacked in the direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane, and the thickness of the vertical stacking body 24 of the superconducting tapes can be reduced by reducing the number of stacking layers, so that the proportion between the horizontal superconducting block 21 and the vertical stacking body 24 of the superconducting tapes can be adjusted, and further, the regulation and control of the guiding performance and the suspension performance of the system can be realized.
It can be seen that, compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention include: the defects that the vertical arrangement of the superconducting bulk material is difficult to use and process, the efficiency is low, the horizontal stacked body of the superconducting strip material induces eddy current and the like are overcome. Compared with a single type high-temperature superconducting magnetic suspension system, the system can simultaneously realize certain suspension capacity and higher guiding performance under the conditions of not increasing the self weight and the cost of the system.
While the invention has been described in connection with the above embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, which are illustrative and not restrictive, and that those skilled in the art will understand that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some or all of the technical features may be equivalently replaced; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and they should be construed as being included in the following claims and description.
Claims (6)
1. The utility model provides a high temperature superconductor block of high guidance quality and band material pile up mixed magnetic levitation system which characterized in that: it includes cold source, superconductor arrangement and permanent magnet track; the superconductor array consists of a plurality of horizontal superconductor blocks and a vertical stacked body of superconducting tapes, and the permanent magnet track consists of a vertical magnetized magnet and a horizontal magnetized magnet; the cold source and the superconductor are sequentially arranged above the permanent magnet track from top to bottom, the cold source cools the superconductor arrangement, and the permanent magnet track provides an application external magnetic field; the vertical stacking body of the superconducting tape is arranged right above the vertical magnetized magnet, and the horizontal superconducting block is arranged right above the horizontal magnetized magnet, so that the seed crystal point of the superconducting block faces the permanent magnet track.
2. The high-guidance-performance high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the horizontal superconducting block is a ReBaCuO block or a block of other superconducting materials, wherein Re is a rare earth element.
3. The high-guidance-performance high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the vertical stack of superconducting tapes is stacked from tapes of ReBaCuO or other superconducting materials, where Re is a rare earth element, in a direction perpendicular to the horizontal plane.
4. The high-guidance-performance high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cold source is provided by a normal pressure or low pressure liquid nitrogen low temperature container and a refrigerator, and the superconductor is directly or indirectly cooled by liquid nitrogen, fixed nitrogen and a cold head.
5. The high-guidance-performance high-temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the permanent magnet track is a single magnet combined structure or a combined structure of any two or more than two of a permanent magnet, an electromagnet and a superconducting wire coil magnet, and forms a single-pole or multi-pole track.
6. The high guidance quality high temperature superconducting bulk and tape stacking hybrid magnetic levitation system as claimed in claim 5, wherein: when the permanent magnet track is assembled by adopting permanent magnets, the transverse structure of the permanent magnet track is horizontally arranged in a butting way according to magnetic poles or arranged in a Halbach array.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
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