CN113243470A - 一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法 - Google Patents
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- A23L2/38—Other non-alcoholic beverages
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L2/00—Non-alcoholic beverages; Dry compositions or concentrates therefor; Their preparation
- A23L2/70—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter
- A23L2/72—Clarifying or fining of non-alcoholic beverages; Removing unwanted matter by filtration
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L21/00—Marmalades, jams, jellies or the like; Products from apiculture; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L21/20—Products from apiculture, e.g. royal jelly or pollen; Substitutes therefor
- A23L21/25—Honey; Honey substitutes
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/30—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation
- A23L5/32—Physical treatment, e.g. electrical or magnetic means, wave energy or irradiation using phonon wave energy, e.g. sound or ultrasonic waves
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
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- A23L5/00—Preparation or treatment of foods or foodstuffs, in general; Food or foodstuffs obtained thereby; Materials therefor
- A23L5/51—Concentration
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
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Abstract
本发明提供一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:蜂蜜原蜜处理、饮料盖头灌装、饮用水的制备、饮料瓶身灌装;本发明产品不添加任何甜味剂,蜂蜜原蜜经特定的处理,调整搅拌温度和浓缩条件,解决蜂蜜在贮藏过程中容易出现分层的问题,灌装至瓶盖中,保证产品在保质期中不加入防腐剂也不会发生分层等不稳定现象,同时实现了不添加任何物质也能改善蜂蜜脱水和结晶问题,利于后期将蜂蜜浆兑水饮料,而饮用水经净化处理工艺,灌装至瓶身,饮用时拧开瓶盖,将蜂蜜浆滴至饮用水中,即开即饮,最大程度保留了蜂蜜浆中的营养成分,还保证口感质量,省去复杂的工序流程,大量降低了设备的投入,能源消耗,人工使用。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及饮料加工领域,特别涉及一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法。
背景技术
蜂蜜是由蜜蜂采集植物的花蜜、分泌物或蜜露,与自身分泌物结合后,经充分酿造而成的天然甜物质。蜂蜜中含有180多种化学成分,最主要的成分是糖类,占蜂蜜总量的75%以上,其中葡萄糖和果糖约占蜂蜜总糖含量的85%~95%,此外,还含有蛋白质、氨基酸、维生素、矿物质、酶等。蜂蜜属葡萄糖过饱和溶液,绝大多数种类的蜂蜜放置一段时间后,会出现白色葡萄糖结晶体,这属于蜂蜜特有的结晶现象。但是不少商家对蜂蜜进行加工(破晶核工艺),通常用200目以上的滤网滤除大量的蜂蜜结晶核,通过77度以上的加热温度使之融化以去除,使之不结晶或少结晶。还有的不良厂家在蜂蜜中直接掺入麦芽糖浆使蜂蜜永久不结晶。发明专利“一种不结晶蜂蜜的生产方法”,申请号:200810021956.4,在蜂蜜中添加丙二醇,失去了蜂蜜的天然口感。而目前市面上的蜂蜜水饮料,专利“一种蜂蜜醋桑葚汁饮料的制备方法”,专利号:201210438258.0,蜂蜜经煮沸、一次发酵、二次发酵、一次杀菌、陈酿、调配、二次杀菌、过滤等工艺复杂,成本较高。
发明内容
鉴以此,本发明提出一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,来解决上述问题。
本发明的技术方案是这样实现的:一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、蜂蜜原蜜处理:将原料蜜于40~45℃下、搅拌速度1000~1500rpm的条件下加热1~2h;再将加热融化的蜂蜜在45~55℃经1000~1500目过滤;在真空度0.03~0.08MPa,温度48~52℃下对过滤的蜂蜜进行蒸发浓缩使含水量控制在17~18%;对浓缩蜜冷却至20±2℃,采用超声强度为1.0~1.2WHz/s,对浓缩蜜进行超声波处理10~15分钟;于40~60℃均质处理1~2次;得到蜂蜜浆;
S2、饮料盖头灌装:将S1的蜂蜜浆灭菌后灌装至饮料盖头,
S3、饮用水的制备:将纯净水引入净化滤池内,通过调节进水量控制滤池中过滤器的水过滤量,进水量为2~4m3/s,所述净化滤池包括活性炭池、树脂池、沸石池,呈阶梯式排列,将纯净水进入活性炭池时调节温度为30~50℃,过滤速率为1~3m3/s;沉淀后进入树脂池时通氮气10~15min,再以3~5m3/s的速率过树脂池,沉淀后进入沸石池时升温至90~100℃,保温10~30min,冷却得到饮用水。
S4、饮料瓶身灌装:将S3的饮用水灭菌后灌装至饮料瓶身,灯检、贴标、装箱,得到蜂蜜饮料。
进一步的,所述S3中的活性炭池里的活性炭量为3~5kg/m3,孔径为0.1~0.5mm。
进一步的,所述S3中的树脂为聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯树脂小球。
进一步的,所述S3中纯净水过活性炭池沉淀时间40~60min。
进一步的,所述S3中纯净水过树脂池沉淀时间50~70min。
与现有技术相比,本发明的有益效果是:
本发明产品不添加任何甜味剂,蜂蜜原蜜经特定的处理,调整搅拌温度和浓缩条件,在特定的加热的条件下加速了蜂蜜分子间的布朗运动,加速了晶核的聚集,采用超声处理,迅速破坏蜂蜜的晶核,解决蜂蜜在贮藏过程中容易出现分层的问题,灌装至瓶盖中,保证产品在保质期中不加入防腐剂也不会发生分层等不稳定现象,改善蜂蜜脱水和结晶问题,利于后期将蜂蜜浆兑水饮料,而饮用水经活性炭池、树脂池、沸石池的处理工艺,调节进入每个滤池的速率和进水量,得到的饮用水灌装至瓶身,饮用时拧开瓶盖,将蜂蜜浆滴至饮用水中,即开即饮,最大程度保留了蜂蜜浆中的营养成分,还保证口感质量,省去复杂的工序流程,大量降低了设备的投入,能源消耗,人工使用。
具体实施方式
为了更好理解本发明技术内容,下面提供具体实施例,对本发明做进一步的说明。
本发明实施例所用的实验方法如无特殊说明,均为常规方法。
本发明实施例所用的材料、试剂等,如无特殊说明,均可从商业途径得到。
实施例1
一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、蜂蜜原蜜处理:将原料蜜于40℃下、搅拌速度1000rpm的条件下加热1h;再将加热融化的蜂蜜在45℃经1000目过滤;在真空度0.03MPa,温度48℃下对过滤的蜂蜜进行蒸发浓缩使含水量控制在17%;对浓缩蜜冷却至18℃,采用超声强度为1.0WHz/s,对浓缩蜜进行超声波处理10min;于40℃均质处理1次;得到蜂蜜浆;
S2、饮料盖头灌装:将S1的蜂蜜浆灭菌后灌装至饮料盖头,
S3、饮用水的制备:将纯净水引入净化滤池内,通过调节进水量控制滤池中过滤器的水过滤量,进水量为2m3/s,所述净化滤池包括活性炭池、树脂池、沸石池,呈阶梯式排列,活性炭池里的活性炭量为3kg/m3,孔径为0.1mm,将纯净水进入活性炭池时调节温度为30℃,过滤速率为1m3/s;沉淀40min后进入树脂池时通氮气10min,再以3m3/s的速率过树脂池,树脂为聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯树脂小球,沉淀50min后进入沸石池时升温至90℃,保温10min,冷却得到饮用水。
S4、饮料瓶身灌装:将S3的饮用水灭菌后灌装至饮料瓶身,灯检、贴标、装箱,得到蜂蜜饮料。
实施例2
一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、蜂蜜原蜜处理:将原料蜜于45℃下、搅拌速度1500rpm的条件下加热2h;再将加热融化的蜂蜜在55℃经1500目过滤;在真空度0.03MPa,温度52℃下对过滤的蜂蜜进行蒸发浓缩使含水量控制在18%;对浓缩蜜冷却至22℃,采用超声强度为1.2WHz/s,对浓缩蜜进行超声波处理15分钟;于60℃均质处理2次;得到蜂蜜浆;
S2、饮料盖头灌装:将S1的蜂蜜浆灭菌后灌装至饮料盖头,
S3、饮用水的制备:将纯净水引入净化滤池内,通过调节进水量控制滤池中过滤器的水过滤量,进水量为4m3/s,所述净化滤池包括活性炭池、树脂池、沸石池,呈阶梯式排列,活性炭池里的活性炭量为5kg/m3,孔径为0.5mm,将纯净水进入活性炭池时调节温度为50℃,过滤速率为3m3/s;沉淀60min后进入树脂池时通氮气15min,再以5m3/s的速率过树脂池,树脂为聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯树脂小球,沉淀70min后进入沸石池时升温至100℃,保温10~30min,冷却得到饮用水。
S4、饮料瓶身灌装:将S3的饮用水灭菌后灌装至饮料瓶身,灯检、贴标、装箱,得到蜂蜜饮料。
实施例3
一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,包括以下步骤:
S1、蜂蜜原蜜处理:将原料蜜于43℃下、搅拌速度1200rpm的条件下加热1.5h;再将加热融化的蜂蜜在50℃经1200目过滤;在真空度0.05MPa,温度50℃下对过滤的蜂蜜进行蒸发浓缩使含水量控制在17%;对浓缩蜜冷却至20℃,采用超声强度为1.1WHz/s,对浓缩蜜进行超声波处理12分钟;于50℃均质处理2次;得到蜂蜜浆;
S2、饮料盖头灌装:将S1的蜂蜜浆灭菌后灌装至饮料盖头,
S3、饮用水的制备:将纯净水引入净化滤池内,通过调节进水量控制滤池中过滤器的水过滤量,进水量为3m3/s,所述净化滤池包括活性炭池、树脂池、沸石池,呈阶梯式排列,活性炭池里的活性炭量为4kg/m3,孔径为0.3mm,将纯净水进入活性炭池时调节温度为40℃,过滤速率为2m3/s;沉淀50min后进入树脂池时通氮气12min,再以4m3/s的速率过树脂池,树脂为聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯树脂小球,沉淀60min后进入沸石池时升温至100℃,保温20min,冷却得到饮用水。
S4、饮料瓶身灌装:将S3的饮用水灭菌后灌装至饮料瓶身,灯检、贴标、装箱,得到蜂蜜饮料。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,蜂蜜原蜜处理中,原料蜜在20℃下搅拌加热。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,蜂蜜原蜜处理中,原料蜜在真空度0.02、45℃下蒸发浓缩。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例3的区别在于,浓缩蜜冷却至30℃,采用强度为1.5WHz/s,对浓缩蜜进行超声波处理。
一、蜂蜜浆品质检测
1、稳定性试验
将上述实施例1~3和对比例1~3制备得到的蜂蜜浆分别置于100mL容量瓶中,盖上瓶盖,并用保鲜膜密封,取出后在以下条件下观察其外观,
高温稳定性:将样品放置在70℃的恒温箱中,放置10天,观察外观是否分层或沉降;
低温稳定性:将样品放置在-5℃的冷藏,放置10天,观察外观是否分层或沉降。
2、结晶率试验
(1)蜂蜜浆为溶液A,测量体积;
(2)将溶液A在10~15℃条件下静置8天,取出结晶物,获得溶液B,测量体积;
结晶率=(溶液A体积-溶液B体积)/溶液A体积×100%
测定标准:
测试结果如下表:
由上述表格可知,本发明的蜂蜜饮料稳定性较好,结晶率低,实施例1~3和对比例1比较,在原料蜜的处理下,控制搅拌温度,加速蜂蜜分子间的不浪运动,防止蜂蜜晶核聚集,与对比例2比较,设定蒸发浓缩的真空度和温度,在此条件下,控制浓缩蜜的含水量,在一定程度上能使得蜂蜜澄清,质量稳定;与对比例3比较,对浓缩蜜的超声处理,迅速破坏蜂蜜的晶核,解决蜂蜜在贮藏过程中容易出现分层的问题,在高温和低温下也能保证蜂蜜浆的稳定性,有效抑制蜂蜜结晶,获得澄清度高的蜂蜜饮料。
二、感官评定
选择60名志愿者,身体状态健康,分为6组,每组由10人组成感官评定小组,在其他指标测定前对蜂蜜饮料的形态、香气、口味、色泽4项指标先进行感官评定,计算每一位志愿者的四项评分之和,然后计算10位志愿者的平均值,该平均值即为最终的感官分值,评定标准如表1所示。
表1蜂蜜饮料的感官评定表
实施例1~3与对比例1~3蜂蜜饮料的品质测试结果如下表:
组别 | 形态 | 香气 | 口味 | 色泽 | 总分 |
实施例1 | 25 | 29 | 20 | 18 | 92 |
实施例2 | 27 | 27 | 19 | 19 | 92 |
实施例3 | 30 | 30 | 20 | 19 | 99 |
对比例1 | 19 | 23 | 17 | 15 | 74 |
对比例2 | 18 | 23 | 14 | 16 | 71 |
对比例3 | 18 | 25 | 15 | 14 | 72 |
由上述结果可知,本发明的蜂蜜饮料清澈透明,无沉淀,均匀,具有蜂蜜香,不刺鼻,口感清澈,酸甜适中,呈现琥珀色,透亮,其中实施例3为最佳饮品,实施例3与对比例1比较,对比例1的形态略显不透明,有少量沉淀,天然蜂蜜香,不刺鼻,口感清澈,酸甜适中,琥珀色,不明亮,说明蜂蜜原蜜的搅拌温度对蜂蜜的形态有一定的影响;对比例2略显不透明,有少量沉淀,天然蜂蜜香,不刺鼻,口感略显粗糙,酸味或甜味过重,琥珀色,不明亮,在特定的真空度和温度下蒸发浓缩得到的浓缩蜜超声后澄清无分层,结晶率低,稳定性好;对比例3略显不透明,有少量沉淀,天然蜂蜜香,不刺鼻,口感略显粗糙,酸味或甜味过重,呈琥珀色,不明亮,在特定的超声条件下迅速破坏蜂蜜的晶核,解决蜂蜜在贮藏过程中容易出现分层的问题。
以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已,并不用以限制本发明,凡在本发明的精神和原则之内,所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等,均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。
Claims (5)
1.一种蜂蜜饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:包括以下步骤:
S1、蜂蜜原蜜处理:将原料蜜于40~45℃下、搅拌速度1000~1500rpm的条件下加热1~2h;再将加热融化的蜂蜜在45~55℃经1000~1500目过滤;在真空度0.03~0.08MPa,温度48~52℃下对过滤的蜂蜜进行蒸发浓缩使含水量控制在17~18%;对浓缩蜜冷却至20±2℃,采用超声强度为1.0~1.2WHz/s,对浓缩蜜进行超声波处理10~15分钟;于40~60℃均质处理1~2次;得到蜂蜜浆;
S2、饮料盖头灌装:将S1的蜂蜜浆灭菌后灌装至饮料盖头;
S3、饮用水的制备:将纯净水引入净化滤池内,通过调节进水量控制滤池中过滤器的水过滤量,进水量为2~4m3/s,所述净化滤池包括活性炭池、树脂池、沸石池,呈阶梯式排列,将纯净水进入活性炭池时调节温度为30~50℃,过滤速率为1~3m3/s;沉淀后进入树脂池时通氮气10~15min,再以3~5m3/s的速率过树脂池,沉淀后进入沸石池时升温至90~100℃,保温10~30min,冷却得到饮用水;
S4、饮料瓶身灌装:将S3的饮用水灭菌后灌装至饮料瓶身,灯检、贴标、装箱,得到蜂蜜饮料。
2.如权利要求1所述的一种含活菌固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S3中的活性炭池里的活性炭量为3~5kg/m3,孔径为0.1~0.5mm。
3.如权利要求1所述的一种含活菌固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S3中的树脂为聚苯乙烯-二乙烯基苯树脂小球。
4.如权利要求1所述的一种含活菌固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S3中纯净水过活性炭池沉淀时间40~60min。
5.如权利要求1所述的一种含活菌固体饮料的制备方法,其特征在于:所述S3中纯净水过树脂池沉淀时间50~70min。
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