CN113236420A - Piston with variable compression ratio - Google Patents
Piston with variable compression ratio Download PDFInfo
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- CN113236420A CN113236420A CN202110703896.XA CN202110703896A CN113236420A CN 113236420 A CN113236420 A CN 113236420A CN 202110703896 A CN202110703896 A CN 202110703896A CN 113236420 A CN113236420 A CN 113236420A
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- piston pin
- piston
- pin shaft
- hydraulic oil
- shaft
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- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 87
- 239000010720 hydraulic oil Substances 0.000 claims description 59
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims description 54
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 29
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000903 blocking effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000295 fuel oil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02B—INTERNAL-COMBUSTION PISTON ENGINES; COMBUSTION ENGINES IN GENERAL
- F02B75/00—Other engines
- F02B75/04—Engines with variable distances between pistons at top dead-centre positions and cylinder heads
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02D—CONTROLLING COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02D15/00—Varying compression ratio
- F02D15/02—Varying compression ratio by alteration or displacement of piston stroke
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02F—CYLINDERS, PISTONS OR CASINGS, FOR COMBUSTION ENGINES; ARRANGEMENTS OF SEALINGS IN COMBUSTION ENGINES
- F02F3/00—Pistons
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J1/00—Pistons; Trunk pistons; Plungers
- F16J1/10—Connection to driving members
- F16J1/14—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections
- F16J1/16—Connection to driving members with connecting-rods, i.e. pivotal connections with gudgeon-pin; Gudgeon-pins
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Output Control And Ontrol Of Special Type Engine (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a variable compression ratio piston, which comprises a piston pin shaft, a piston pin seat and a piston connecting rod, wherein the piston pin shaft is respectively and rotatably connected with the piston pin seat through a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism; the piston pin shaft is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, the rotating angle of the piston pin shaft is locked by the locking mechanism, and the positions of the upper dead point and the lower dead point of the piston connecting rod are changed. The eccentric piston pin shaft is additionally provided with the driving mechanism, and the eccentric piston pin shaft is rotated to change the distance from the top of the piston to the combustion chamber, so that the compression ratio is changed, and the eccentric piston pin shaft has high reliability, convenient installation and good manufacturability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of internal combustion engines, and particularly relates to a piston with a variable compression ratio, which is particularly suitable for medium and large engines such as marine engines.
Background
The compression ratio of the engine is the ratio of the cylinder volume when the piston moves to the bottom dead center to the cylinder volume when the piston moves to the top dead center, and the performance and efficiency of the engine can be effectively improved by increasing the compression ratio. However, due to increasing emissions legislation and fuel economy requirements, variable compression ratio configurations are still hot technology and in high demand in the field of diesel engines. For example, when a conventional automobile runs on a plateau, the normal compression ratio is not suitable for the plateau environment because of high altitude and low air pressure, the air intake of the engine is reduced, and fuel oil is not sufficiently combusted, which directly leads to the reduction of the power of the automobile and the increase of the oil consumption. And as the altitude increases, the air pressure is gradually reduced, the air density is smaller and smaller, and the air inlet quantity of the engine is smaller and smaller, and the dynamic property is lower and lower. The compression ratio suitable for the plateau environment is provided for the engine, so that the heat efficiency of the automobile can be effectively improved when the automobile runs on the plateau; the fuel economy is improved to a certain extent, and the fuel consumption is reduced; the dynamic property of the engine is improved; and the emission of harmful gases is reduced. In summary, the variable compression ratio technology can achieve good unification of economy, dynamics, and emissions of the internal combustion engine under highland traveling.
The structure space of the medium-large diesel engine is large, and particularly the installation space of the medium-large marine engine is large, so that the variable compression ratio structure system is easy to install and realize, and high economical efficiency and low emission can be obtained.
At present, a plurality of technical schemes and related patents exist for realizing the variable compression ratio of the domestic and foreign engines, but most of the technical schemes have the problems of complicated mechanical structure, difficult numerical control of the variable compression ratio, difficult dynamic balance solving, increased volume and weight of the engines and the like, so that the development difficulty and the cost of the engines are greatly increased. Therefore, the variable compression ratio mode which has simple structure and convenient operation is provided, and has very important significance.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a piston with a variable compression ratio, wherein a piston pin shaft is optimized to be an eccentric structure, and a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism are utilized to drive the piston pin shaft to rotate and lock, so that the position of the top dead center of the piston is changed, and the change of the compression ratio is completed.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme, which is combined with the attached drawings:
a piston with a variable compression ratio comprises a piston pin shaft 2, a piston pin seat 8 and a piston connecting rod, wherein the piston pin shaft 2 is rotatably connected with the piston pin seat 8 through a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism respectively, the piston pin shaft 2 is rotatably connected with a small end 5 of the piston connecting rod, and a main body part of the piston pin shaft 2, which is matched with the small end 5 of the piston connecting rod, is designed into an eccentric shaft structure; the piston pin shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, the rotating angle of the piston pin shaft 2 is locked by the locking mechanism, and the positions of the upper dead point and the lower dead point of the piston connecting rod are changed.
Furthermore, actuating mechanism is the sliding vane formula hydraulic drive mechanism, be equipped with oval hydraulic pressure oil pocket between piston round pin seat 8 and the piston round pin axle 2, piston round pin axle 2 radially is equipped with 3 spouts, is provided with gleitbretter 9 between spout and the 8 inner walls of piston round pin seat, and a gleitbretter 9 part is located the spout of eccentric piston round pin axle 2, and hydraulic pressure oil pocket bottom is equipped with hydraulic oil clockwise rotation entry promptly hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation entry respectively, and the hydraulic oil pump is through drive oil pipeline 6 respectively with hydraulic oil clockwise rotation entry promptly hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation entry intercommunication.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a pendulum hydraulic driving mechanism, an annular hydraulic oil cavity is arranged between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, a stop dog 10 is radially fixed on the periphery of the piston pin shaft 2, two stop pieces 11 are fixed on the inner wall of the piston pin seat 8, the two stop pieces 11 are arranged along the horizontal direction and are respectively positioned on two sides of the piston pin shaft 2, and the two stop pieces 11 are used for stopping the stop dog 10; the hydraulic oil chambers are respectively provided with a hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlet, namely a hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlet at the bottom, and the hydraulic oil pumps are respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlets, namely the hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlets, through the driving oil pipelines 6.
Furthermore, the locking mechanism is a slider type hydraulic locking mechanism, the piston pin seat 8 is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft 2, two radial rectangular grooves are symmetrically formed in the piston pin shaft 2, a plunger oil cavity is formed between the bottom of the piston pin shaft 2 and the piston pin seat 8, the top of the plunger 13 extends into the rectangular groove in the bottom of the piston pin shaft 2, a spring 13 is arranged between the bottom of the plunger 13 and the inner wall of the piston pin seat 8, and the hydraulic oil pump is communicated with the upper cavity of the plunger oil cavity through a locking oil pipeline 7.
Furthermore, the locking mechanism is a small steel ball type hydraulic locking mechanism, the piston pin seat 8 is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft 2, two radial grooves are symmetrically formed in the piston pin shaft 2, small steel balls 14 are arranged in the grooves, springs 12 are abutted between the small steel balls 14 and the grooves, when the springs 12 are in a return state, the small steel balls 14 are clamped between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, plungers 13 are arranged in the piston pin seat 8, the tops of the plungers 13 are abutted to the small steel balls 14, and the hydraulic oil pump is communicated with plunger oil cavities through a locking oil pipeline 7.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a motor driving mechanism and comprises a driving motor, a stator 15 of the driving motor shaft is fixed on the piston pin seat 8, a rotor 16 of the driving motor shell is fixed inside the eccentric piston pin shaft 2, and the rotor 16 of the driving motor shell is connected with the driving motor through a wire connected into the piston pin shaft 2; a limiting clamping sleeve 24 is arranged between the stator 15a and the piston pin boss 8 at the front end of the motor shaft, a limiting block 25 is arranged on the periphery of the stator 15a at the front end of the motor shaft, and the limiting block 25 is positioned in a hollow groove of the limiting clamping sleeve 24; the locking mechanism is of a motor locking structure, a stator 15b at the rear end of a motor shaft is of an eccentric wheel structure, positioning grooves are formed in a piston pin boss 8 and a piston pin shaft 2, the positioning grooves penetrate through the piston pin boss 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, a plunger 13, a small steel ball 14 and a spring 12 are arranged in each positioning groove, the inner side of the spring 12 abuts against the bottom of the positioning groove, the inner side of the small steel ball 14 abuts against the spring 12, the outer side of the small steel ball 14 abuts against the plunger 13, the other side of the plunger 13 is bonded with the stator 15b at the rear end of the motor shaft, and when the spring is in a.
Furthermore, the driving mechanism is a manual driving mechanism and comprises a pulley 18, the pulley 18 is installed on the piston connecting rod through a connecting shaft, the pulley 18 is connected with the piston pin shaft 2 through a chain cable 17, two ends of the chain cable 17 are respectively fixed on the piston pin shaft 2 and the pulley 18, a rotating groove 19 is formed in the pulley 18, and a wrench 20 extends into the rotating groove 19 in the pulley from the outside and then is inserted into the rotating groove 19 in the pulley.
Further, the locking mechanism is a manual locking mechanism, the piston pin seat 8 is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft 2, two radial grooves are symmetrically formed in the piston pin shaft 2, the piston pin seat 8 is provided with a through groove, a small steel ball 14, a jack screw 21 and a stop block 10 are arranged in the through groove, the stop block 10 is fixed in the through groove, the jack screw 21 is abutted between the small steel ball 14 and the stop block 10, the small steel ball 14 is connected with a circular ring 23 through a steel wire 22, the circular ring 23 is located outside the piston pin seat 8, the steel wire 22 penetrates through the stop block 10, and when the jack screw 21 is in a return state, the small steel ball 14 is clamped between the through groove of the piston pin seat 8 and the groove of the piston pin shaft 2.
The invention has the following advantages:
1. according to the invention, the piston pin shaft is designed into an eccentric shaft structure, so that the compression ratio can be changed.
2. The eccentric piston pin shaft is additionally provided with the driving mechanism, and the eccentric piston pin shaft is rotated to change the distance from the top of the piston to the combustion chamber, so that the compression ratio is changed, and the eccentric piston pin shaft has high reliability, convenient installation and good manufacturability.
3. The invention provides two compression ratios, so that the engine can meet the requirements under more working conditions.
4. The invention only changes the interior of the piston correspondingly, and does not design a cylinder cover and a combustion chamber, so the invention can greatly reduce the process cost and has high economic performance.
4. The invention has high feasibility because the relative movement of the connecting rod and the piston head is considered, and the force direction and the form of the piston are considered in detail.
In conclusion, the test machine has the advantages of simple structure, convenience in manufacturing, accuracy in testing and the like, and meanwhile has high reliability, durability and economy.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a front view of a variable compression ratio piston according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a sliding vane type hydraulic drive mechanism according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the pendulum drive mechanism according to embodiment 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the slider-type locking mechanism of embodiment 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the small ball type locking mechanism according to embodiment 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a front view of a variable compression ratio piston according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a sectional view of a motor drive mechanism according to embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the locking mechanism of the motor in accordance with embodiment 5 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a front view of a variable compression ratio piston according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the manual lock mechanism according to embodiment 6 of the present invention;
in the figure:
1-piston, 2-piston pin shaft, 3-driving mechanism, 4-locking mechanism, 5-connecting rod small head, 6-driving oil pipeline, 7-locking oil pipeline, 8-piston pin seat, 9-sliding piece, 10-stop block, 11-stop piece, 12-spring, 13-plunger, 14-small steel ball, 15-driving motor shaft stator, 15 a-motor shaft front end mounting stator, 15 b-driving motor shaft rear end stator, 16-driving motor housing rotor, 17-chain cable, 18-pulley, 19-rectangular groove, 20-wrench, 21-jackscrew, 22-steel wire, 23-circular ring, 24-limiting clamping sleeve and 25-limiting block.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a piston with a variable compression ratio, which comprises a piston pin shaft 2, a piston pin seat 8 and a piston connecting rod, wherein the piston pin shaft 2 is respectively and rotatably connected with the piston pin seat 8 through a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism, the piston pin shaft 2 is rotatably connected with a small end 5 of the piston connecting rod, and a main body part on the piston pin shaft 2, which is matched with the small end 5 of the piston connecting rod, is designed into an eccentric shaft structure; the piston pin shaft 2 is driven to rotate by the driving mechanism, the rotating angle of the piston pin shaft 2 is locked by the locking mechanism, and the positions of the upper dead point and the lower dead point of the piston connecting rod are changed.
The invention provides three driving and locking schemes of hydraulic driving, motor driving and manual driving, and further introduces a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism of the invention through embodiments.
EXAMPLE 1 the drive mechanism is a slide-vane hydraulic drive mechanism
As shown in fig. 2, an elliptical hydraulic oil chamber is arranged between the piston pin boss 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, the piston pin shaft 2 is radially provided with 3 sliding grooves, a sliding piece 9 is arranged between the sliding groove and the inner wall of the piston pin boss 8, a part of the sliding piece 9 is positioned in the sliding groove of the eccentric piston pin shaft 2, hydraulic oil inlets for clockwise rotation of hydraulic oil, namely inlets for counterclockwise rotation of hydraulic oil, are respectively arranged at the bottom of the hydraulic oil chamber, and the hydraulic oil pump is respectively communicated with the inlets for clockwise rotation of hydraulic oil, namely inlets for counterclockwise rotation of hydraulic oil, through the driving oil pipeline 6. When the compression ratio needs to be changed, hydraulic oil flows into the oval hydraulic oil cavity through the clockwise rotating inlet of the hydraulic oil, and pressure difference is generated due to different lengths of the sliding sheets, so that the eccentric piston pin shaft 2 is pushed to rotate in the piston pin seat 8. When the original compression ratio needs to be changed back, the hydraulic oil flows into the oval hydraulic oil cavity from the anticlockwise rotating inlet of the hydraulic oil.
As shown in fig. 3, an annular hydraulic oil cavity is arranged between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, a stopper 10 is radially fixed on the periphery of the piston pin shaft 2, two blocking pieces 11 are fixed on the inner wall of the piston pin seat 8, the two blocking pieces 11 are arranged along the horizontal direction and are respectively located on two sides of the piston pin shaft 2, and the two blocking pieces 11 are used for stopping the stopper 10; the hydraulic oil chambers are respectively provided with a hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlet, namely a hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlet at the bottom, and the hydraulic oil pumps are respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlets, namely the hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlets, through the driving oil pipelines 6. When the compression ratio needs to be changed, hydraulic oil flows in from the clockwise rotating inlet of the hydraulic oil, the stop block 10 is pushed to drive the eccentric piston pin shaft 2 to rotate until the stop piece 11 prevents the stop block 10 from continuing to move, the eccentric piston pin shaft 2 rotates 180 degrees, and the compression ratio is changed. When the original compression ratio needs to be changed back, the hydraulic oil flows in from the anticlockwise rotating inlet of the hydraulic oil.
As shown in fig. 4, the piston pin boss 8 is in clearance fit with the piston pin boss 2, two radial rectangular grooves are symmetrically arranged on the piston pin boss 2, a plunger oil cavity is arranged between the bottom of the piston pin boss 2 and the piston pin boss 8, the top of the plunger 13 extends into the rectangular groove at the bottom of the piston pin boss 2, a spring 13 is arranged between the bottom of the plunger 13 and the inner wall of the piston pin boss 8, and the hydraulic oil pump is communicated with the upper cavity of the plunger oil cavity through the oil locking pipeline 7. When the plunger 13 is arranged in a rectangular groove of the piston pin 2, the locking mechanism is in a working state and prevents the piston pin 2 from rotating; when the piston pin shaft 2 needs to be rotated, hydraulic oil flows in from the locking oil pipeline 7, the plunger 13 is pressed down by the oil pressure to be separated from the rectangular groove, the locking mechanism stops working, and the piston pin shaft 2 can rotate freely.
As shown in fig. 5, the piston pin boss 8 is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft 2, two radial grooves are symmetrically arranged on the piston pin shaft 2, small steel balls 14 are arranged in the grooves, springs 12 are abutted between the small steel balls 14 and the grooves, when the springs 12 are in a return state, the small steel balls 14 are clamped between the piston pin boss 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, a plunger 13 is arranged in the piston pin boss 8, the top of the plunger 13 is abutted against the small steel balls 14, and the hydraulic oil pump is communicated with a plunger oil cavity through a locking oil pipeline 7. The small steel balls 14 are clamped between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, and the locking mechanism is in a working state at the moment and prevents the piston pin shaft 2 from rotating; when the piston pin shaft 2 needs to be rotated, hydraulic oil flows in from the locking oil pipeline 7, the small steel ball 14 is completely pressed into the groove of the piston pin shaft 2, the locking mechanism stops working, and the piston pin shaft 2 can rotate freely.
As shown in fig. 6, 7 and 8, the driving mechanism is a motor driving mechanism, the motor driving mechanism includes a driving motor, a driving motor shaft stator 15 is fixed on the piston pin boss 8, a driving motor casing rotor 16 is fixed inside the eccentric piston pin shaft 2, and the driving motor casing rotor 16 is connected with the driving motor through a wire connected into the piston pin shaft 2; a limiting clamping sleeve 24 is arranged between the stator 15a and the piston pin boss 8 at the front end of the motor shaft, a limiting block 25 is arranged on the periphery of the stator 15a at the front end of the motor shaft, and the limiting block 25 is positioned in a hollow groove of the limiting clamping sleeve 24; the rear end stator 15b of the motor shaft is of an eccentric wheel structure, positioning grooves are formed in the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2 and penetrate through the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2, a plunger 13, a small steel ball 14 and a spring 12 are arranged in each positioning groove, the inner side of the spring 12 abuts against the bottom of each positioning groove, the inner side of the small steel ball 14 abuts against the spring 12, the outer side of the small steel ball 14 abuts against the plunger 13, the other side of the plunger 13 is bonded with the rear end mounting stator 15b of the motor shaft, and when the spring is in a return state, the steel ball 14 is clamped between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2.
When the compression ratio needs to be changed, the driving motor is started, a section of empty groove is formed in a limiting clamping sleeve 24 in the piston pin seat 8, a limiting block 25 is arranged on a stator 15a at the front end of a motor shaft, the limiting block rotates in the empty groove of the limiting clamping sleeve in a small range, because the stator 15a at the front end of the driving motor shaft and a stator 15b at the rear end of the driving motor shaft are both connected with the driving motor shaft 15, the stator 15b at the rear end of the driving motor shaft also rotates in a small range, an eccentric wheel of the stator 15b at the rear end of the motor shaft rotates in a small range, the plunger 13 is in high-point contact with the eccentric wheel to jack the plunger block 13, the plunger 13 further jacks up the small steel ball 14, the small steel ball 14 is separated from a separating surface between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft 2 and enters the piston pin seat 8, the locking mechanism stops working, and the piston pin shaft 2 is in a free state. Meanwhile, a limiting block 25 of the stator 15a at the front end of the driving motor shaft is limited by a limiting clamping sleeve 24 to rotate, so that the stator 15a at the front end of the motor shaft is locked and cannot rotate, the rotor 16 of the driving motor shell starts to rotate at the moment, the piston pin shaft 2 is driven to rotate, the maximum rotation angle is 180 degrees, at the moment, the plunger 13 is in contact with the eccentric wheel of the stator 15b at the rear end of the driving motor shaft at a low point, the small steel balls reset under the action of the spring and are clamped on the interface of the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft, the piston pin shaft is locked, and finally the compression ratio changing work is completed. When the engine needs to use the original compression ratio, the steps are repeated only, the motor is driven reversely, the motor shaft stator 15 is driven to rotate back to the original position, the plunger is in high-point contact with the eccentric wheel of the rear end stator 15b, the small steel balls move under the action of the plunger and break away from the interface between the piston pin seat 8 and the piston pin shaft to enter the piston pin seat, the piston pin shaft 2 is free, and then the steps are continued to finish the change of the piston pin shaft resetting compression ratio.
EXAMPLE 6 the drive mechanism is a Manual drive mechanism and the latch mechanism is a Manual latch mechanism
As shown in fig. 9 and 10, the manual driving mechanism includes a pulley 18, the pulley 18 is mounted on the piston rod through a connecting shaft, the pulley 18 is connected with the piston pin 2 through a chain 17, two ends of the chain 17 are respectively fixed on the piston pin 2 and the pulley 18, the pulley 18 is provided with a rotating groove 19, and a wrench 20 is inserted into the rotating groove 19 on the pulley after extending from the outside.
The manual locking mechanism has the specific structure that: piston key seat 8 and piston pin axle 2 clearance fit, the symmetry is equipped with two radial recesses on piston pin axle 2, piston key seat 8 is equipped with logical groove, logical inslot is equipped with little steel ball 14, jackscrew 21 and dog 10, dog 10 is fixed at logical inslot, jackscrew 21 butt is between little steel ball 14 and dog 10, little steel ball 14 passes through steel wire 22 and is connected with ring 23, ring 23 is located piston key seat 8 outsidely, steel wire 22 passes dog 10, when jackscrew 21 is in the return state, little steel ball 14 joint is between the recess of logical groove of piston key seat 8 and piston pin axle 2.
When the compression ratio needs to be changed, the wrench 20 enters from the outside, penetrates through the circular ring 23 and then is inserted into the rotating groove 19 on the pulley, the circular ring 23 is pulled to compress the jackscrew, so that the small steel ball 14 moves downwards, the locking mechanism 4 stops working, the wrench 20 rotates the rotating groove 19 to drive the pulley 18 to rotate, force is transmitted to the piston pin shaft 2 through the rope 12, and the piston pin shaft 2 is driven to rotate. The wrench 20 is taken out, and the small steel ball 14 enters the groove of the piston pin shaft 2 under the action of the jackscrew 21 to prevent the piston pin shaft 2 from rotating. When the original compression ratio needs to be changed back, the wrench 20 is rotated reversely.
Claims (8)
1. A piston with a variable compression ratio is characterized by comprising a piston pin shaft (2), a piston pin seat (8) and a piston connecting rod, wherein the piston pin shaft (2) is rotatably connected with the piston pin seat (8) through a driving mechanism and a locking mechanism respectively, the piston pin shaft (2) is rotatably connected with a small end (5) of the piston connecting rod, and a main body part, matched with the small end (5) of the piston connecting rod, on the piston pin shaft (2) is designed into an eccentric shaft structure; the piston pin shaft (2) is driven to rotate through the driving mechanism, the rotating angle of the piston pin shaft (2) is locked through the locking mechanism, and the positions of the upper dead point and the lower dead point of the piston connecting rod are changed.
2. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism is a sliding vane type hydraulic driving mechanism, an oval hydraulic oil chamber is arranged between the piston pin seat (8) and the piston pin shaft (2), the piston pin shaft (2) is radially provided with 3 sliding grooves, a sliding vane (9) is arranged between the sliding groove and the inner wall of the piston pin seat (8), a part of the sliding vane (9) is positioned in the sliding groove of the eccentric piston pin shaft (2), the bottom of the hydraulic oil chamber is respectively provided with a hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlet, namely a hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlet, and the hydraulic oil pump is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlet, namely the hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlet, through the driving oil pipeline (6).
3. The piston with variable compression ratio according to claim 1 is characterized in that the driving mechanism is a pendulum hydraulic driving mechanism, an annular hydraulic oil cavity is arranged between the piston pin seat (8) and the piston pin shaft (2), a stop block (10) is radially fixed on the periphery of the piston pin shaft (2), two stop pieces (11) are fixed on the inner wall of the piston pin seat (8), the two stop pieces (11) are arranged along the horizontal direction and are respectively positioned at two sides of the piston pin shaft (2), and the two stop pieces (11) are used for stopping the position of the stop block (10); the bottom of the hydraulic oil cavity is respectively provided with a hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlet, namely a hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlet, and the hydraulic oil pump is respectively communicated with the hydraulic oil clockwise rotation inlet, namely a hydraulic oil anticlockwise rotation inlet, through a driving oil pipeline (6).
4. A variable compression ratio piston according to claim 2 or 3, wherein the locking mechanism is a slide block type hydraulic locking mechanism, the piston pin seat (8) is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft (2), two radial rectangular grooves are symmetrically arranged on the piston pin shaft (2), a plunger oil chamber is arranged between the bottom of the piston pin shaft (2) and the piston pin seat (8), the top of the plunger (13) extends into the rectangular groove at the bottom of the piston pin shaft (2), a spring (12) is arranged between the bottom of the plunger (13) and the inner wall of the piston pin seat (8), and the hydraulic oil pump is communicated with the plunger oil chamber through the locking oil pipeline (7).
5. The variable compression ratio piston according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the locking mechanism is a small steel ball type hydraulic locking mechanism, the piston pin seat (8) is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft (2), two radial grooves are symmetrically arranged on the piston pin shaft (2), small steel balls (14) are arranged in the grooves, a spring (12) is connected between each small steel ball (14) and each groove in an abutting mode, when the spring (12) is in a return state, each small steel ball (14) is clamped between the piston pin seat (8) and the piston pin shaft (2), a plunger (13) is arranged in the piston pin seat (8), the top of the plunger (13) is connected with each small steel ball (14) in an abutting mode, and the hydraulic oil pump is communicated with an oil cavity of the plunger through a locking oil pipeline (7).
6. A variable compression ratio piston according to claim 1, characterized in that the driving mechanism is a motor driving mechanism comprising a driving motor, a driving motor shaft stator (15) is fixed on the piston pin boss (8), a driving motor casing rotor (16) is fixed inside the eccentric piston pin shaft (2), and the driving motor casing rotor (16) is connected with the driving motor through a wire connected into the piston pin shaft (2); a limiting clamping sleeve (24) is arranged between the stator (15a) and the piston pin boss (8) which are arranged at the front end of the motor shaft, a limiting block (25) is arranged on the periphery of the stator (15a) which is arranged at the front end of the motor shaft, and the limiting block (25) is positioned in a hollow groove of the limiting clamping sleeve (24); the locking mechanism is a motor locking structure, a stator (15b) at the rear end of a motor shaft is of an eccentric wheel structure, positioning grooves are formed in a piston pin seat (8) and a piston pin shaft (2), the positioning grooves penetrate through the piston pin seat (8) and the piston pin shaft (2), a plunger (13), a small steel ball (14) and a spring (12) are arranged in the positioning grooves, the bottom of the positioning groove is abutted to the inner side of the spring (12), the inner side of the small steel ball (14) is abutted to the spring (12), the outer side of the small steel ball (14) is abutted to the plunger (13), the stator (15b) at the rear end of the motor shaft is bonded to the other side of the plunger (13), and when the spring is in a return state, the small steel ball (14) is clamped between the piston pin seat (8) and the piston pin shaft (2).
7. A variable compression ratio piston according to claim 1, wherein the driving mechanism is a manual driving mechanism, and comprises a pulley (18), the pulley (18) is mounted on the piston connecting rod through a connecting shaft, the pulley (18) is connected with the piston pin (2) through a chain cable (17), two ends of the chain cable (17) are respectively fixed on the piston pin (2) and the pulley (18), a rotating groove (19) is arranged on the pulley (18), and a wrench (20) is inserted into the rotating groove (19) on the pulley after extending from the outside.
8. The piston with the variable compression ratio according to claim 1 is characterized in that the locking mechanism is a manual locking mechanism, the piston pin seat (8) is in clearance fit with the piston pin shaft (2), two radial grooves are symmetrically formed in the piston pin shaft (2), the piston pin seat (8) is provided with a through groove, a small steel ball (14), a jackscrew (21) and a check block (10) are arranged in the through groove, the check block (10) is fixed in the through groove, the jackscrew (21) abuts against between the small steel ball (14) and the check block (10), the small steel ball (14) is connected with a circular ring (23) through a steel wire (22), the circular ring (23) is located outside the piston pin seat (8), the steel wire (22) penetrates through the check block (10), and when the jackscrew (21) is in a return state, the small steel ball (14) is clamped between the through groove of the piston pin seat (8) and the groove of the piston pin shaft (2).
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| CN202110703896.XA CN113236420B (en) | 2021-06-24 | 2021-06-24 | Piston with variable compression ratio |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4830517A (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1989-05-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for locking rotation of an eccentric bearing of a compression ratio changing device |
| JPH0422716A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1992-01-27 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Compression ratio varying device of internal combustion engine |
| WO2013144429A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | A piston pin assembly |
| US20140020660A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-01-23 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio apparatus |
| JP2014047683A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-17 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Variable compression ratio mechanism of internal combustion engine |
| US20170284455A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio apparatus |
| KR20190126504A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Variable compression ratio engine |
| CN215333128U (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-12-28 | 吉林大学 | Piston with variable compression ratio |
-
2021
- 2021-06-24 CN CN202110703896.XA patent/CN113236420B/en active Active
Patent Citations (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4830517A (en) * | 1987-06-01 | 1989-05-16 | Toyota Jidosha Kabushiki Kaisha | Device for locking rotation of an eccentric bearing of a compression ratio changing device |
| JPH0422716A (en) * | 1990-05-15 | 1992-01-27 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Compression ratio varying device of internal combustion engine |
| WO2013144429A1 (en) * | 2012-03-29 | 2013-10-03 | Wärtsilä Finland Oy | A piston pin assembly |
| US20140020660A1 (en) * | 2012-07-23 | 2014-01-23 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio apparatus |
| JP2014047683A (en) * | 2012-08-30 | 2014-03-17 | Mitsubishi Motors Corp | Variable compression ratio mechanism of internal combustion engine |
| US20170284455A1 (en) * | 2016-04-01 | 2017-10-05 | Hyundai Motor Company | Variable compression ratio apparatus |
| KR20190126504A (en) * | 2018-05-02 | 2019-11-12 | 현대자동차주식회사 | Variable compression ratio engine |
| CN215333128U (en) * | 2021-06-24 | 2021-12-28 | 吉林大学 | Piston with variable compression ratio |
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| CN113236420B (en) | 2024-05-24 |
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