CN113232481A - Vehicle air conditioner control method and system based on human body comfort index PMV - Google Patents
Vehicle air conditioner control method and system based on human body comfort index PMV Download PDFInfo
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 claims description 9
- 230000037323 metabolic rate Effects 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000029058 respiratory gaseous exchange Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035807 sensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002940 Newton-Raphson method Methods 0.000 description 1
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007983 Tris buffer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009977 dual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003304 psychophysiological effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/00807—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models the input being a specific way of measuring or calculating an air or coolant temperature
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00735—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models
- B60H1/00785—Control systems or circuits characterised by their input, i.e. by the detection, measurement or calculation of particular conditions, e.g. signal treatment, dynamic models by the detection of humidity or frost
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60H—ARRANGEMENTS OF HEATING, COOLING, VENTILATING OR OTHER AIR-TREATING DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR PASSENGER OR GOODS SPACES OF VEHICLES
- B60H1/00—Heating, cooling or ventilating [HVAC] devices
- B60H1/00642—Control systems or circuits; Control members or indication devices for heating, cooling or ventilating devices
- B60H1/00814—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation
- B60H1/00878—Control systems or circuits characterised by their output, for controlling particular components of the heating, cooling or ventilating installation the components being temperature regulating devices
- B60H1/00892—Devices specially adapted for avoiding uncomfortable feeling, e.g. sudden temperature changes
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- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air Conditioning Control Device (AREA)
Abstract
The disclosure provides a vehicle air conditioner control method and system based on a human body comfort index PMV, comprising a PMV comfort index control mode; in a control mode of the PMV comfort index: obtaining vehicle PMV parameters, and establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard; inputting vehicle PMV parameters into a PMV model to determine a PMV value; adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value; the problem of how to control the air conditioning system according to the passenger condition to meet the comfortable feeling requirement of the passenger is solved; compared with the traditional control mode of adjusting the rotating speed of the air conditioner fan according to the temperature in the vehicle, the PMV-based control mode based on the human body comfort index is more focused on the comfort level.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure belongs to the field of thermal management of passenger cars, and particularly relates to a control method of a vehicle air conditioner based on a human body comfort index PMV.
Background
The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present disclosure and may not necessarily constitute prior art.
At present, as the passenger car is the most important vehicle for medium and short distance travel, the comfort of the passenger car is very important to the travel experience of passengers, the design and development of the passenger car increasingly pay attention to the comfort of passengers, more and more comfort evaluation indexes are also used in the passenger car industry, the conventional air conditioning system control is focused on the air temperature rather than the thermal comfort of a human body, the passenger condition is influenced by four major environmental factors including the air temperature, the relative humidity, the air flow rate and the average radiation temperature, the human body metabolism quantity and the clothing thermal resistance, and how to control the air conditioning system according to the passenger condition is a technical problem to be solved so as to meet the requirement of the comfort of the passengers.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, the present disclosure provides a control method of a vehicle air conditioner based on a human body comfort index PMV.
In a first aspect, the present disclosure provides a method for controlling a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV, comprising a control mode of the PMV comfort index; in a control mode of the PMV comfort index:
obtaining vehicle PMV parameters, and establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard;
inputting vehicle PMV parameters into a PMV model to determine a PMV value;
and adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value.
In a second aspect, the present disclosure provides a control system for a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV, comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vehicle PMV parameters;
the data processing module is used for establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard and inputting vehicle PMV parameters into the PMV model to determine a PMV value;
and the control module is used for adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value.
In a third aspect, the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the method for controlling a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV according to the first aspect.
In a fourth aspect, the present disclosure provides an electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored in the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, implement the method for controlling a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV according to the first aspect.
Compared with the prior art, this disclosure possesses following beneficial effect:
1. the invention provides an air conditioning system taking PMV index as a control target, which takes the thermal comfort of people as the target of system control operation and carries out control based on the requirement of human comfort. Because the thermal comfort of the human body is the control target of the system, when the air state is controlled, the influence of six factors related to the thermal comfort index is necessarily considered, wherein the six factors include four environmental factors including air temperature, relative humidity, air flow rate and average radiation temperature, human body metabolism and garment thermal resistance, and the comfort of the whole vehicle is greatly improved. The problem of how to carry out air conditioning system control according to the passenger condition to satisfy passenger comfort demand is solved. Compared with the traditional control mode of adjusting the rotating speed of the air conditioner fan according to the temperature in the vehicle, the PMV-based control mode based on the human body comfort index is more focused on the comfort level.
2. This disclosed air conditioner adopts and sets for the custom temperature according to historical data, can take notes cold and hot custom before the driver, carries out automatically regulated, and is more intelligent.
3. The air conditioner control algorithm disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the rotating speed following performance of the fan of the evaporator is better, the energy saving performance of the whole automobile heat management system of an automobile can be improved, and the energy saving and comfort dual performance is achieved.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a control schematic diagram based on PMV human comfort index;
FIG. 2 is a flowchart of a control procedure based on PMV human comfort indicators;
in the figure 1, PI is a PI control algorithm, PPD is the number of people who are not satisfied with heat; in fig. 2, Tin is a temperature value in the vehicle, Tset is a set temperature value of the controller, VEL is a wind speed on the human body surface, WELmax is a maximum wind speed on the human body surface, and WELmin is a minimum wind speed on the human body surface.
The specific implementation mode is as follows:
the present disclosure is further described with reference to the following drawings and examples.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
Interpretation of terms:
PMV (predicted Mean volume), and prediction average evaluation, wherein the index takes a basic equation of human body heat balance and the grade of psychophysiological subjective thermal sensation as a starting point, and takes comprehensive evaluation indexes of a plurality of relevant factors of human body thermal comfort into consideration. The PMV index indicates the mean index of the population for seven levels of heat sensation voting (+3 to-3).
Example 1
As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment provides a control method of a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV, including a control mode of the PMV comfort index; in a control mode of the PMV comfort index:
obtaining vehicle PMV parameters, and establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard;
inputting vehicle PMV parameters into a PMV model to determine a PMV value;
and adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value.
The vehicle PMV parameters include in-vehicle radiation temperature, in-vehicle temperature, out-vehicle temperature, in-vehicle humidity, passenger clothing surface wind speed, metabolic rate, and passenger clothing thermal resistance.
The control mode of the PMV comfort index belongs to a control mode of an air conditioner controller, and the disclosure relates to specific implementation of the control mode.
The temperature, the air humidity and the air speed in the automobile can be directly measured by corresponding sensors, specifically, the radiation temperature in the automobile can be collected through a pyroelectric infrared sensor, the temperature in the automobile can be collected through an indoor automobile thermometer, the temperature outside the automobile can be collected through an outdoor automobile temperature sensor, the humidity in the automobile can be collected through a hygrometer, the air speed on the surface of a human body can be obtained through the indoor relative air speed of the automobile, and the air speed can be collected through an indoor air speed meter arranged in the automobile.
The metabolic rate is as follows: when a driver sits on a bus, the normal sitting posture or leaning posture can be directly obtained by looking up a table through GBT 18049-2000, and the constant is configured when the PMV is calculated.
The thermal resistance of the passenger clothes can be obtained through a relation table of temperature, dressing and thermal resistance.
Relationship between temperature, dressing and thermal resistance
As an embodiment, the establishing a PMV model according to a human comfort index PMV calculation standard includes:
establishing a PMV (human body comfort index) calculation standard function, a human body sensitive heat loss function and a human body clothing surface temperature calculation function;
obtaining a wind speed calculation function of the human body surface according to the three functions, inputting the convective heat transfer coefficient into the wind speed calculation function to obtain the wind speed of the human body clothes surface, and establishing a PMV model;
and inputting the radiation temperature in the vehicle, the temperature outside the vehicle, the humidity in the vehicle, the surface wind speed of the passenger clothes, the metabolic rate and the clothing thermal resistance of the passenger into a PMV model to obtain a PMV value.
Obtaining a formula 1 according to the human body comfort index PMV calculation standard:
PMV＝a×[(M-W)-H-Ec-Cres-Eres](a＝0.303×e-0.306M+0.028)
wherein M is the metabolism rate of the human body (the metabolism rate in the sitting posture of the human body can be obtained from GBT 18049-cFor heat exchange on the skin by evaporation, CresConvective heat exchange for breathing, EresEvaporative heat exchange for breathing;
when PMV is the desired value (PMV ═ 0), the sensitive heat loss of the human body is:
H＝M-W-Ec-Cres-Eres
Ec＝3.05×10-3×[5733-6.99(M-W)-pa]-0.42×[(M-W)-58.15]
Cres＝0.0014M(34-ta)
Eres＝1.7×10-5M(5867-pa)
the sensitive heat loss H of the human body can be obtained according to the formula 2, wherein the formula 2 is as follows:
H＝3.96×10-8fcl[(tcl+273)4-(tr+273)4]-fclhc(tcl-ta) Namely:
wherein f isclIs the surface area factor of the garment, taIs the air temperature, trIs the radiation temperature, hcIs the convective heat transfer coefficient.
Formula 3, namely a function relation between the surface temperature of the clothes of the human body and the radiation temperature in the vehicle, the temperature outside the vehicle, the humidity in the vehicle, the surface wind speed of the clothes of the passengers, the metabolic rate and the clothes thermal resistance of the passengers can be obtained according to formulas 1 and 2, wherein the formula 3 is as follows:
tcl＝35.7-0.028(M-W)-Icl{3.96×10-8fcl[(tcl+273)4-(tr+273)4]-fclhc(tcl-ta)}
wherein the wind speed varCoefficient of heat transfer by convection hcFunctional relationships, as in equation 4:
from equations 1, 2, 3, 4, it can be derived about varA multiple order system of equations, i.e.:
the function cannot be solved by adopting a conventional mode, and the Newton-Raphson method is adopted in the patent to realize the wind speed v on the surface of the human bodyarAnd (4) solving.
Therefore, the wind speed on the surface of the human clothes can be obtained according to the environment variables.
As an embodiment, the control method of the passenger car air conditioner further includes: obtaining the temperature in the vehicle;
and starting the control mode of the PMV comfort index when the temperature in the vehicle reaches a set threshold value.
As another embodiment, the control method of a passenger car air conditioner further includes: and acquiring the ambient temperature outside the vehicle, and determining that the air conditioner enters an automatic cooling mode or an automatic heating mode according to the ambient temperature outside the vehicle. That is, when the outdoor temperature of the vehicle is greater than T1, it is determined that the ambient temperature is warmer, the air conditioner should enter the cooling mode, when the outdoor temperature is less than T1 and greater than T2, it is determined that the ambient temperature is moderate, the air conditioner should enter the ventilation mode, when the outdoor temperature is less than T2, it is determined that the ambient temperature is colder, the air conditioner should enter the heating mode, T2< T1.
As a further embodiment, the step of obtaining the set threshold value comprises: setting a set temperature in the vehicle according to the environment temperature outside the vehicle, wherein the difference between the set temperature and the environment temperature outside the vehicle is not more than a set value, and the set value is preferably 10 ℃;
judging whether to enter a control mode of a PMV comfort index according to a difference value between the set temperature and the temperature in the vehicle, if the difference value is smaller than the set difference value temperature, the air conditioner enters the control mode of the PMV comfort index, and if the difference value is larger than the set difference value temperature, the air conditioner operates at the maximum power in the current mode; in a preferred embodiment, the set difference temperature is 2 ℃.
The adjustment of the working state of the passenger car air conditioner comprises the adjustment of the passenger car power and/or the fan rotating speed until the PMV value reaches a set interval; preferably, the set interval is [ -0.5,0.5 ]. Specifically, during refrigeration in summer, when the difference between the detected temperature and the set temperature is greater than 2 ℃, the temperature in the carriage is high, the fan rotating speed of the evaporator is set to be the maximum value, the evaporator is cooled rapidly, and when the difference is less than 2 ℃, the air conditioner enters a fan rotating speed regulating mode taking a PMV value as a control target. And adjusting the rotating speed of the air blower in real time according to the deviation value of the PMV, wherein the wind speed value of the human body surface adjusted each time is 0.02m/s, and the adjustment of the wind speed is stopped until the PMV value of the human body comfort index in the control vehicle room is [ -0.5,0.5 ].
As one implementation mode, the habit temperature is set according to historical data, the first temperature value is set as the habit temperature when the number of times of setting the first temperature value by the user in a certain time period is larger than a set threshold value, and the temperature value after the air conditioner is started and enters the PMV mode is automatically set as the habit value. Specifically, in order to make the adjustment mode of the air conditioner controller more intelligent, the PMV controller has a learning mode of a user temperature setting value, if the number of times that the user sets a certain temperature value within 3 days is greater than 50% of the total number of times that the temperature is set, the controller sets the temperature to be a habit temperature, and the temperature value after the air conditioner is started and enters the PMV mode is automatically set to be the habit value.
Example 2
This embodiment still provides passenger train air conditioner's control system based on human travelling comfort index PMV, includes:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vehicle PMV parameters;
the data processing module is used for establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard and inputting vehicle PMV parameters into the PMV model to determine a PMV value;
and the control module is used for adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value.
Further, the specific application of the data acquisition module, the data processing module and the control module is the same as that of the control method of the passenger car air conditioner based on the human body comfort index PMV in the embodiment 1.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a computer readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, and the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, implement the control method of the passenger car air conditioner based on the human body comfort index PMV according to the above embodiment.
Example 4
The embodiment provides an electronic device, which comprises a memory, a processor and computer instructions stored on the memory and run on the processor, wherein when the computer instructions are run by the processor, the control method of the passenger car air conditioner based on the human body comfort index PMV is completed.
Although the present disclosure has been described with reference to specific embodiments, it should be understood that the scope of the present disclosure is not limited thereto, and those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. A control method of a vehicle air conditioner based on a human body comfort index PMV is characterized by comprising the following steps:
obtaining vehicle PMV parameters, and establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard;
inputting vehicle PMV parameters into a PMV model to determine a PMV value;
and adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value.
2. The control method of an air conditioner for vehicles according to claim 1, wherein the vehicle PMV parameters include a radiation temperature inside the vehicle, a temperature outside the vehicle, a humidity inside the vehicle, a surface wind speed of a passenger's clothes, a metabolic rate, and a clothing thermal resistance of the passenger.
3. The control method of a vehicular air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the establishing of the PMV model according to the human comfort index PMV calculation standard includes:
establishing a PMV (human body comfort index) calculation standard function, a human body sensitive heat loss function and a human body clothing surface temperature calculation function;
obtaining a wind speed calculation function of the human body surface according to the three functions, inputting the environment variable flow heat exchange coefficient into the wind speed calculation function to obtain the wind speed of the human body clothes surface, and establishing a PMV model;
and inputting the radiation temperature in the vehicle, the temperature outside the vehicle, the humidity in the vehicle, the surface wind speed of the passenger clothes, the metabolic rate and the clothing thermal resistance of the passenger into a PMV model to obtain a PMV value.
4. The control method of an air conditioner for a vehicle of claim 1, wherein the control method of an air conditioner for a passenger car further comprises: and acquiring the temperature in the vehicle, and starting a control mode of the PMV comfort index when the temperature in the vehicle reaches a set threshold value.
5. The control method of an air conditioner for a vehicle of claim 1, further comprising obtaining an outside ambient temperature, and determining whether the air conditioner enters an automatic cooling mode or an automatic heating mode according to the outside ambient temperature.
6. The control method of an air conditioner for a vehicle according to claim 1, wherein the obtaining of the set threshold value includes: and setting the set temperature in the vehicle according to the environment temperature outside the vehicle, wherein the difference value between the set temperature and the environment temperature outside the vehicle is not more than the set value.
7. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the adjusting of the operating state of the air conditioner for the passenger car includes adjusting power of the passenger car and/or a rotational speed of a fan until the PMV value reaches a set interval.
8. A control system of vehicle air conditioner based on human comfort index PMV, characterized by comprising:
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring vehicle PMV parameters;
the data processing module is used for establishing a PMV model according to a human body comfort index PMV calculation standard and inputting vehicle PMV parameters into the PMV model to determine a PMV value;
and the control module is used for adjusting the working state of the vehicle air conditioner according to the PMV value.
9. A computer readable storage medium for storing computer instructions, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by a processor, perform the method for controlling a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
10. An electronic device, comprising a memory and a processor, and computer instructions stored on the memory and executed on the processor, wherein the computer instructions, when executed by the processor, perform the method of controlling a vehicle air conditioner based on a human comfort index PMV according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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| CN117901618A (en) * | 2024-03-19 | 2024-04-19 | 成都赛力斯科技有限公司 | Control method and device of vehicle-mounted air conditioner, electronic equipment and readable storage medium |
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Application publication date: 20210810 |