CN113231851B - Machining system and machining process of spindle box of numerical control machine tool - Google Patents

Machining system and machining process of spindle box of numerical control machine tool Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113231851B
CN113231851B CN202110537175.6A CN202110537175A CN113231851B CN 113231851 B CN113231851 B CN 113231851B CN 202110537175 A CN202110537175 A CN 202110537175A CN 113231851 B CN113231851 B CN 113231851B
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clamping
workpiece
assembly
rotating
rod
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CN113231851A (en
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徐峰
赵英杰
张玉贤
尹凌鹏
陈希慧
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Quzhou College of Technology
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Quzhou College of Technology
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q3/00Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine
    • B23Q3/02Devices holding, supporting, or positioning work or tools, of a kind normally removable from the machine for mounting on a work-table, tool-slide, or analogous part
    • B23Q3/06Work-clamping means
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23QDETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
    • B23Q1/00Members which are comprised in the general build-up of a form of machine, particularly relatively large fixed members
    • B23Q1/25Movable or adjustable work or tool supports

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Jigs For Machine Tools (AREA)

Abstract

The invention relates to a machining system of a spindle box of a numerical control machine tool, which comprises a clamping component for clamping a workpiece, a rotating component for driving the clamping component to horizontally rotate, and a locking component for limiting the rotation of the clamping component when the clamping component rotates to a proper angle.

Description

Machining system and machining process of spindle box of numerical control machine tool
Technical Field
The invention relates to a machining system and a machining process of a main spindle box of a numerical control machine tool.
Background
Compared with a common machine tool, the main transmission system of the numerical control machine tool has the characteristics of high rotating speed and high power, and can enable the numerical control machine tool to carry out high-power cutting and high-speed cutting so as to realize high-efficiency processing; high-speed machining has 4 major advantages of high productivity, small cutting force, small thermal deformation of a workpiece, high machining accuracy, high surface quality, and the like, and is therefore favored by many industrial sectors.
The spindle box is an important part of a numerical control machine tool, the spindle box consists of a shell with an opening and a cover plate, four side faces of a steel plate need to be cut in the process of machining the steel plate into the cover plate, the existing method is to clamp and cut one side face of the steel plate, then the clamping direction of the steel plate is changed, and other side faces are cut, so that the steel plate needs to be clamped four times, the operation is troublesome, the machining precision cannot be guaranteed, the yield of the cover plate is not high, and therefore, the applicant conducts deep research on a machining system of the spindle box cover plate to obtain the numerical control machine tool spindle box.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a machining system and a machining process of a numerical control machine tool spindle box, wherein the machining system and the machining process only need to clamp once, and the orientation of the surface to be machined of a workpiece is changed by rotating a clamping assembly, so that the workpiece can be accurately machined.
The technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the utility model provides a system of processing of digit control machine tool headstock which characterized in that: the clamping device comprises a clamping component for clamping a workpiece, a rotating component for driving the clamping component to horizontally rotate, and a locking component for limiting the rotation of the clamping component when the clamping component rotates to a proper angle.
By adopting the technical scheme, the machining system further comprises a cutting device for cutting the steel plate, the cutting device is arranged on one side of the clamping assembly, when the main shaft box cover plate is machined, the clamping assembly is used for clamping the steel plate to be machined (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece), the workpiece is close to the cutting device for cutting, after one surface is cut, the rotating assembly drives the workpiece to rotate by an angle, so that the other surface to be machined of the workpiece is opposite to the cutting device, all the surfaces of the workpiece are sequentially cut, the clamping assembly can be locked by the locking assembly in the cutting process, and the stability of the workpiece cutting process is kept.
The invention is further configured to: the centre gripping subassembly includes centre gripping subassembly, lower centre gripping subassembly, lifting unit can drive the vertical lift of centre gripping subassembly and the tight work piece of centre gripping subassembly mutually supporting down, centre gripping subassembly includes central clamping bar and four lower periphery clamping bars down, four periphery clamping bar interval distribution is around central clamping bar down, four lower periphery clamping bar and lower central clamping bar can be followed down central clamping bar axis and rotate as the centre of a circle, it includes central clamping bar and four and goes up the periphery clamping bar to go up the centre gripping subassembly, rotating unit can drive the horizontal rotation of centre gripping subassembly.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper clamping component is arranged in a lifting way through the lifting component, the lower clamping component is fixed, a workpiece is placed between the upper clamping component and the lower clamping component, the lower clamping component comprises a lower central clamping rod and four lower peripheral clamping rods, the four lower peripheral clamping rods are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the lower central clamping rod by taking the central clamping rod as the circle center below the four lower peripheral clamping rods, the upper end surface of the lower central clamping rod is flush with the upper end surfaces of the four lower peripheral clamping rods, the workpiece is placed on the upper end surfaces of the lower central clamping rod and the four lower peripheral clamping rods, the upper clamping component comprises an upper central clamping rod and four upper peripheral clamping rods, the upper central clamping rod is opposite to the lower central clamping rod, the four upper peripheral clamping rods are respectively opposite to the four lower peripheral clamping rods, the lower end surfaces of the four upper peripheral clamping rods are flush with the lower end surface of the upper central clamping rod, and the lifting component drives the upper central clamping rod and the four upper peripheral clamping rods to descend to clamp the workpiece after the workpiece is placed, then the workpiece is machined, after one surface of the workpiece is machined, the rotating assembly drives the upper clamping assembly to horizontally rotate, and the lower clamping assembly and the upper clamping assembly clamp the workpiece together, and the lower clamping assembly can rotate, so that the lower clamping assembly can rotate along with the upper clamping assembly and simultaneously drive the workpiece to rotate, and the machined surface of the workpiece is replaced.
The invention is further configured to: the processing system still includes frame and base, the frame is the style of calligraphy of falling U, the frame both ends are fixed at the base upper surface, rotating assembly includes rotor plate, connecting plate, axis of rotation, the axis of rotation rotates and establishes in frame upper end bottom surface middle part, fixed surface is connected on axis of rotation lower extreme and the rotor plate, the connecting plate is established in the rotor plate below, be connected through four stands between rotor plate and the connecting plate, be equipped with the central through-hole that is used for supplying the center clamping bar to pass on the connecting plate, the central through-hole is equipped with the periphery through-hole that is used for supplying four to go up the periphery clamping bar and passes all around.
By adopting the technical scheme, two ends of the stand are respectively fixed on two sides of the upper surface of the base, the upper end of the rotating shaft is rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper end of the stand through the bearing, the lower end of the rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the middle of the upper surface of the rotating plate, the connecting plate is arranged below the rotating plate in parallel, two ends of the four upright posts are respectively fixedly connected with the connecting plate and four corners of the rotating plate, can set up the groove with stand looks adaptation on connecting plate and rotor plate and strengthen the joint strength of stand, the connecting plate, the stand, the rotor plate, the rotary component that the axis of rotation is constituteed jointly can take central clamping bar and four to go up the periphery clamping bar and rotate, central through-hole is relative with last central clamping bar position, it passes central through-hole to go up central clamping bar lower extreme, four periphery through-holes are relative with four last periphery clamping bar positions respectively, the lower extreme of going up the periphery clamping bar passes four periphery through-holes respectively, lifting unit establishes in the connecting plate top.
The invention is further configured to: the lifting assembly comprises a fixed plate and five lifting cylinders, the fixed plate is located between the rotating plate and the connecting plate, each upper peripheral clamping rod and each upper central clamping rod correspond to one lifting cylinder, and the five lifting cylinders are fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed plate respectively.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the fixed plate parallel is established in the connecting plate top, and a lift jar is fixed in fixed plate bottom surface middle part, and all the other four lift jars distribute around the lift jar in fixed rod bottom surface middle part, and the position of five lift jars is relative with the position of last central clamping bar and four upper periphery clamping bars respectively, and when centre gripping work piece, five lift jars start simultaneously and drive corresponding clamping bar downstream and press from both sides tight work piece.
The invention is further configured to: the fixed plate rotates with the connecting plate to be connected, fixed plate upper surface middle part fixedly connected with fine setting pivot, the coaxial fine setting gear that is equipped with in fine setting pivot upper end, four the periphery through-hole is the circular arc section that uses central through-hole as the centre of a circle, fine setting gear one side is equipped with and is used for restricting fine setting gear pivoted latch segment, the lateral wall that the latch segment is close to fine setting gear one side is the arcwall face with fine setting gear looks adaptation, be equipped with the latch with the tooth looks adaptation on the fine setting gear on the arcwall face, one side that the fine setting gear was kept away from to the latch segment is equipped with the installation piece, be equipped with the horizontal drive subassembly that is used for driving latch segment horizontal migration on the installation piece.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fixed plate is rotationally connected with the connecting plate, the rotating ring can be arranged on the bottom surface of the fixed plate in a rotating mode and is arranged between the upper center clamping rod and the four upper periphery clamping rods, the lower end of the rotating ring is rotationally connected with the upper surface of the connecting plate, the lower end of the fine adjustment rotating shaft is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper surface of the fixed plate, the fine adjustment gear is arranged at the upper end of the fine adjustment rotating shaft, the middle part of the fine adjustment gear is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper end of the fine adjustment rotating shaft, the fine adjustment gear and the fixed plate jointly form a fine adjustment assembly, after a workpiece is clamped, if the workpiece angle has a point deviation with a cutting device, the workpiece angle can be finely adjusted through the fine adjustment assembly, so that the workpiece is just opposite to the cutting device, the adjustment angle does not need to be disassembled from the workpiece, the adjustment is convenient, the machining precision of the workpiece can be ensured, and the four periphery through holes are all provided with a small arc section, be used for supplying four to go up the removal of periphery clamping bar when carrying out the angle fine setting, fine setting gear one side is equipped with the latch segment, the installation piece is fixed on the connecting plate, horizontal drive subassembly is established in the installation piece upper end, the latch segment can pass through horizontal drive subassembly horizontal motion, when the latch segment is close to fine setting gear, latch on the latch segment can cooperate with the tooth in the gear periphery, restriction gear revolve, need not carry out angle fine setting or angle fine setting and accomplish the back, through horizontal drive subassembly drive latch segment horizontal motion locking fine setting gear, guarantee that the middle and upper centre gripping subassembly of work piece course of working can not take place to rotate, the stability of work piece course of working has been improved.
The invention is further configured to: the horizontal driving assembly comprises a horizontal sliding rod, a horizontal sliding groove is formed in the upper end of the installation block and penetrates through two opposite side walls of the installation block, the horizontal sliding rod is connected with the horizontal sliding groove in a sliding mode, one end of the horizontal sliding rod is fixedly connected with the side wall of the locking block far away from one side of the fine adjustment gear, and a pushing block is arranged at one end, far away from the locking block, of the horizontal sliding rod.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, horizontal sliding rod horizontal slip sets up in horizontal sliding groove, horizontal sliding rod one end and latch segment fixed connection, is provided with the ejector pad at the other end of horizontal sliding rod, drives horizontal sliding rod through the ejector pad and moves to realize the horizontal motion of latch segment, the ejector pad is manual control, in order to improve degree of automation of course, also can design into automatic with the motion of horizontal sliding rod, but consider the economic nature, preferably manual control.
The invention is further configured to: the lower center clamping rod is provided with a rotating disc below, the bottom surface of the rotating disc is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the base, the lower center clamping rod is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the rotating disc at the bottom ends of the four lower periphery clamping rods, and a clamping component used for limiting the rotation of the rotating disc is arranged on one side of the rotating disc.
Through adopting above-mentioned technical scheme, the rolling disc rotates with the base upper surface to be connected, the lower extreme of lower center clamping bar and four lower periphery clamping bars is connected at the rolling disc upper surface, the screens subassembly is used for restricting the rolling disc and rotates, the screens subassembly can adopt the structure the same with the latch segment and with the same motion mode of latch segment, the gear is also chooseed for use to the rolling disc this moment, certainly also can use other conventional restriction pivoted modes, when finely tuning the work piece angle or using rotating assembly to drive the work piece and rotate, the rolling disc can free rotation, finely tune the end or the rotatory back that arrives the position of work piece machined surface, screens subassembly restriction rolling disc rotates, guarantee the stability of work piece course of working.
The invention is further configured to: locking Assembly includes the stopper, with the stopper retaining member of mutually supporting, the stopper is the polygon prism form, the stopper is fixed at rotor plate upper surface middle part, the retaining member includes the slip cap, the slip cap is established on the axis of rotation outer wall, be equipped with the L type piece of a plurality of and stopper looks adaptation along the circumference interval on the slip cap outer wall, the quantity of L type piece is the same with the side quantity of stopper, forms the groove of parcel stopper between a plurality of L type piece, frame upper end bottom surface is equipped with the cylinder body that is used for driving the slip cap vertical lift on the sliding shaft outer wall.
By adopting the technical scheme, the locking assembly comprises a limiting block and a locking part, the limiting block is fixed on the upper surface of the rotating plate and is of a symmetrical structure, the center of the limiting block coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft, the limiting block can be of a regular quadrangular prism type, a regular pentagonal prism type and other structures, the limiting block with a proper structure is selected according to the number of the surfaces to be cut of the workpiece, of course, the regular polygonal prism-shaped limiting block is suitable for symmetrical workpieces, when processing asymmetrical workpieces, the shape of the limiting block can be correspondingly changed, the locking part comprises a sliding sleeve and a plurality of L-shaped blocks, a through hole matched with the outer wall of the rotating shaft is arranged in the sliding sleeve, the through hole penetrates through the upper end surface and the lower end surface of the sliding sleeve, the L-shaped blocks are composed of transverse blocks and vertical blocks, the whole body is of an L shape, one end of each transverse block is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the sliding sleeve, a groove formed among the plurality of L-shaped blocks can just wrap the limiting block, the bottom surface of the transverse block is contacted with the upper surface of the limiting block, the side wall of each vertical block is contacted with one side wall of the limiting block, the cylinder body is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper end of the frame, one end of a piston rod on the cylinder body is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the transverse block, the number of the cylinder bodies is generally two, the piston rod is not required to be connected with each transverse block, the two cylinder bodies are generally arranged on two sides opposite to the rotating shaft to realize functions, the cylinder body can drive the L-shaped block to vertically lift so as to wrap the limiting block or be far away from the limiting block, when the L-shaped block wraps the limiting block, the rotation of the rotating assembly is limited, when the L-shaped block is far away from the limiting block, the rotating assembly is allowed to rotate, the L-shaped block drives the sliding sleeve to vertically slide on the outer wall of the rotating shaft in the movement process, the lifting stability of the L-shaped block is improved, for processing a workpiece with a regular tetrahedral shape, the limiting block is a regular quadrangular prism, and the number of the four L-shaped blocks is increased, four L type pieces evenly distributed are on the outer wall of sliding block, and when a surface of work piece was accomplished in processing, the work piece rotated, and when the work piece rotated 90 degrees, the riser of L type piece just right a lateral wall behind the stopper rotation, can accurate control work piece pivoted angle like this, made the machining precision higher.
The invention also discloses a machining process of the spindle box of the numerical control machine tool, which uses the machining system with the structure and is characterized in that the machining system also comprises a cutting device, and the process comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping: clamping the workpiece by the clamping assembly so that one surface of the workpiece is close to the cutting device;
s2, processing: starting a cutting device to process the surface of the workpiece;
s3, rotating the workpiece: the clamping component and the workpiece are driven to horizontally rotate through the rotating component, so that the next surface to be cut of the workpiece is close to the cutting device;
s4, repeating the step S2 and the step S3 until the surfaces of the workpiece needing to be machined are completely machined;
s5, taking a piece: and closing the cutting device, taking down the processed workpiece, and finishing the processing.
The invention is further configured to: when a workpiece is clamped for the first time, the locking assembly locks the clamping assembly, when one surface of the workpiece is machined, the locking assembly loosens the clamping assembly, the rotating assembly drives the clamping assembly to horizontally rotate, and when the next surface to be cut of the workpiece is close to the cutting device, the locking assembly locks the clamping assembly again.
By adopting the technical scheme, when in processing, the clamping assembly is used for clamping a workpiece, the horizontal angle of the clamped workpiece can be finely adjusted after the workpiece is clamped, so that the workpiece keeps an angle favorable for processing, then the locking block is driven to move to limit the fine adjustment gear to rotate so as to limit the rotation of the upper clamping assembly, namely, the clamping is completed, the cutting device is started to process the surface of the workpiece opposite to the cutting device after the clamping is completed, the locking piece limits the rotation of the rotating assembly during the cutting process, the stability of the processing process of the workpiece is improved, the cylinder body drives the locking piece to be away from the limiting block after the cutting is completed, the workpiece is manually rotated, the limiting block rotates along with the rotating plate during the rotating process of the workpiece, the position of the locking piece is unchanged, after the workpiece is rotated, the cylinder body drives the locking piece to wrap the limiting block to limit the rotation of the workpiece, and then the cutting device is started to process the next surface of the workpiece, the surface of treating of processing work piece like this in proper order adopts a clamping to realize the work piece processing of high accuracy, and the limiting component at a plurality of positions that form between stopper and retaining member, latch segment and fine setting gear, rolling disc and the screens subassembly has improved the stability of work piece processing simultaneously in the course of working.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a connection plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the position structure of the fine adjustment gear and the locking block according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure of the locking block and the horizontal driving assembly according to the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of positions of five lifting cylinders and a fixing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a lock according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The labels in the figures are:
1101-upper central clamping rod, 1102-upper peripheral clamping rod, 1201-lower central clamping rod, 1202-lower peripheral clamping rod, 201-frame, 202-base, 301-rotating plate, 302-connecting plate, 303-rotating shaft, 304-upright post, 305-central through hole, 306-peripheral through hole, 401-fixing plate, 402-lifting cylinder, 501-fine-adjustment rotating shaft, 502-fine-adjustment gear, 503-locking block, 5031-latch, 504-mounting block, 505-horizontal sliding rod, 506-push block, 601-rotating disc, 602-clamping assembly, 701-limiting block, 702-sliding sleeve, 703-L-shaped block and 704-cylinder body.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the present invention discloses a machining system for a spindle box of a numerically-controlled machine tool, in the embodiment of the present invention: the clamping device comprises a clamping component for clamping a workpiece, a rotating component for driving the clamping component to horizontally rotate, and a locking component for limiting the rotation of the clamping component when the clamping component rotates to a proper angle.
By adopting the technical scheme, the machining system further comprises a cutting device for cutting the steel plate, the cutting device is arranged on one side of the clamping assembly, when the main shaft box cover plate is machined, the clamping assembly is used for clamping the steel plate to be machined (hereinafter referred to as a workpiece), the workpiece is close to the cutting device for cutting, after one surface is cut, the rotating assembly drives the workpiece to rotate by an angle, so that the other surface to be machined of the workpiece is opposite to the cutting device, all the surfaces of the workpiece are sequentially cut, the clamping assembly can be locked by the locking assembly in the cutting process, and the stability of the workpiece cutting process is kept.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: the clamping assembly comprises an upper clamping assembly, a lower clamping assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly can drive the upper clamping assembly to vertically lift and clamp a workpiece in a matched mode with the lower clamping assembly, the lower clamping assembly comprises a lower central clamping rod 1201 and four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202, the lower peripheral clamping rods 1202 are distributed around the lower central clamping rod 1201 at intervals, the four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202 and the lower central clamping rod 1201 can rotate around the axis of the lower central clamping rod 1201 as the circle center, the upper clamping assembly comprises an upper central clamping rod 1101 and four upper peripheral clamping rods 1102, and the rotating assembly can drive the upper clamping assembly to horizontally rotate.
By adopting the technical scheme, the upper clamping assembly is arranged in a lifting way through the lifting assembly, the lower clamping assembly is fixed, a workpiece is placed between the upper clamping assembly and the lower clamping assembly, the lower clamping assembly comprises a lower central clamping rod 1201 and four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202, the four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202 are uniformly distributed on the periphery of the lower central clamping rod 1201 by taking the lower central clamping rod 1201 as a circle center, the upper end surface of the lower central clamping rod 1201 is flush with the upper end surfaces of the four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202, the workpiece is placed on the upper end surfaces of the lower central clamping rod 1201 and the four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202, the upper clamping assembly comprises an upper central clamping rod 1101 and four upper peripheral clamping rods 1102, the upper central clamping rod 1101 is opposite to the lower central clamping rod 1201, the four upper peripheral clamping rods 1102 are respectively opposite to the four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202, the lower end surfaces of the four upper peripheral clamping rods 1102 are flush with the lower end surface of the upper central clamping rod 1101, after the workpiece is placed, the lifting assembly drives the upper central clamping rod 1101 and the four upper peripheral clamping rods 1101 to descend to clamp the workpiece, then the workpiece is machined, after one surface of the workpiece is machined, the rotating assembly drives the upper clamping assembly to horizontally rotate, and the lower clamping assembly and the upper clamping assembly clamp the workpiece together, and the lower clamping assembly can rotate, so that the lower clamping assembly can rotate along with the upper clamping assembly and simultaneously drive the workpiece to rotate, and the machined surface of the workpiece is replaced.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: the system of processing still includes frame 201 and base 202, frame 201 is the style of calligraphy of falling U, frame 201 both ends are fixed at base 202 upper surface, rotating assembly includes rotor plate 301, connecting plate 302, axis of rotation 303 rotates and establishes at frame 201 upper end bottom surface middle part, axis of rotation 303 lower extreme and rotor plate 301 upper surface fixed connection, connecting plate 302 is established in rotor plate 301 below, be connected through four stands 304 between rotor plate 301 and the connecting plate 302, be equipped with the central through-hole 305 that is used for supplying central clamping bar 1101 to pass on the connecting plate 302, central through-hole 305 is equipped with the periphery through-hole 306 that is used for supplying four last periphery clamping bar 1102 to pass all around.
By adopting the technical scheme, two ends of a frame 201 are respectively fixed on two sides of the upper surface of a base 202, the upper end of a rotating shaft 303 is rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper end of the frame 201 through a bearing, the lower end of the rotating shaft 303 is fixedly connected with the middle of the upper surface of a rotating plate 301, a connecting plate 302 is arranged below the rotating plate 301 in parallel, two ends of four upright posts 304 are respectively fixedly connected with four corners of the connecting plate 302 and the rotating plate 301, grooves matched with the upright posts 304 can be arranged on the connecting plate 302 and the rotating plate 301 to enhance the connecting strength of the upright posts 304, a rotating assembly formed by the connecting plate 302, the upright posts 304, the rotating plate 301 and the rotating shaft 303 can drive an upper central clamping rod 1101 and four upper peripheral clamping rods 1102 to rotate, the central through hole 305 is opposite to the upper central clamping rod 1101, the lower end of the upper central clamping rod 1101 passes through the central through hole 305, and the four peripheral through holes 306 are respectively opposite to the four upper peripheral clamping rods 1102, the lower ends of the upper peripheral clamping bars 1102 respectively pass through the four peripheral through holes 306, and the lifting assembly is arranged above the connecting plate 302.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: the lifting assembly comprises a fixed plate 401 and five lifting cylinders 402, wherein the fixed plate 401 is positioned between the rotating plate 301 and the connecting plate 302, each upper outer peripheral clamping rod 1102 and each upper central clamping rod 1101 correspond to one lifting cylinder 402, and the five lifting cylinders 402 are respectively fixed on the bottom surface of the fixed plate 401.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fixing plate 401 is arranged above the connecting plate 302 in parallel, one lifting cylinder 402 is fixed in the middle of the bottom surface of the fixing plate 401, the rest four lifting cylinders 402 are distributed around the lifting cylinder 402 in the middle of the bottom surface of the fixing rod, the positions of the five lifting cylinders 402 are respectively opposite to the positions of the upper central clamping bar 1101 and the four upper peripheral clamping bars 1102, and when a workpiece is clamped, the five lifting cylinders 402 are simultaneously started to drive the corresponding clamping bars to move downwards to clamp the workpiece.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: fixed plate 401 rotates with connecting plate 302 to be connected, fixed plate 401 upper surface middle part fixedly connected with fine setting pivot 501, fine setting pivot 501 upper end is coaxial to be equipped with fine setting gear 502, four periphery through-hole 306 is the circular arc section that uses central through-hole 305 as the centre of a circle, fine setting gear 502 one side is equipped with and is used for restricting fine setting gear 502 pivoted latch segment 503, the lateral wall that latch segment 503 is close to fine setting gear 502 one side is the arcwall face with fine setting gear 502 looks adaptation, be equipped with the latch 5031 with the tooth looks adaptation on the fine setting gear 502 on the arcwall face, one side that fine setting gear 502 was kept away from to latch segment 503 is equipped with installation block 504, be equipped with the horizontal drive subassembly that is used for driving latch segment 503 horizontal motion on the installation block 504.
By adopting the technical scheme, the fixing plate 401 is rotatably connected with the connecting plate 302, a rotating ring can be arranged on the bottom surface of the fixing plate 401 in a rotating mode and is arranged between the upper center clamping bar 1101 and the four upper periphery clamping bars 1102, the lower end of the rotating ring is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the connecting plate 302, the lower end of the fine adjustment rotating shaft 501 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper surface of the fixing plate 401, the fine adjustment gear 502 is arranged at the upper end of the fine adjustment rotating shaft 501, the middle part of the fine adjustment gear 502 is fixedly connected with the middle part of the upper end of the fine adjustment rotating shaft 501, the fine adjustment gear 502 and the fixing plate 401 jointly form a fine adjustment assembly, after a workpiece is clamped, if the workpiece angle is found to have a point deviation with a cutting device, the workpiece angle can be finely adjusted through the fine adjustment assembly, so that the workpiece is just opposite to the cutting device, the adjustment angle does not need to be disassembled from the workpiece, the adjustment is convenient, and the machining precision of the workpiece can be ensured at the same time, all be equipped with a small segment circular arc section on four periphery through-holes 306, be used for supplying four to go up periphery clamping bar 1102 and remove when carrying out the angle fine setting, fine setting gear 502 one side is equipped with latch segment 503, installation piece 504 is fixed on connecting plate 302, horizontal drive assembly establishes in installation piece 504 upper end, latch segment 503 can pass through horizontal drive assembly horizontal movement, when latch segment 503 is close to fine setting gear 502, latch 5031 on the latch segment 503 can cooperate with the tooth on the gear periphery, the restriction gear rotates, need not carry out angle fine setting or after the angle fine setting is accomplished, through horizontal drive assembly drive latch segment 503 horizontal movement locking fine setting gear 502, guarantee that the last clamping component of work piece course of working can not take place to rotate, the stability of work piece course of working has been improved.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: the horizontal driving assembly comprises a horizontal sliding rod 505, a horizontal sliding groove is formed in the upper end of the mounting block 504, the horizontal sliding groove penetrates through two opposite side walls of the mounting block 504, the horizontal sliding rod 505 is connected with the horizontal sliding groove in a sliding mode, one end of the horizontal sliding rod 505 is fixedly connected with one side wall of the locking block 503 far away from the fine adjustment gear 502, and a pushing block 506 is arranged at one end of the horizontal sliding rod 505 far away from the locking block 503.
By adopting the above technical scheme, the horizontal sliding rod 505 is horizontally arranged in the horizontal sliding groove in a sliding manner, one end of the horizontal sliding rod 505 is fixedly connected with the locking block 503, the other end of the horizontal sliding rod 505 is provided with the pushing block 506, the horizontal sliding rod 505 is driven by the pushing block 506 to move, so that the horizontal movement of the locking block 503 is realized, the pushing block 506 is manually controlled, and naturally, in order to improve the degree of automation, the movement of the horizontal sliding rod 505 can be designed to be automatic, but in consideration of the economy, the manual control is preferred.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: a rotating disc 601 is arranged below the lower center clamping rod 1201, the bottom surface of the rotating disc 601 is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the base 202, the lower center clamping rod 1201 is fixedly connected with the upper surfaces of the rotating discs 601 at the bottom ends of the four lower periphery clamping rods 1202, and a clamping component 602 used for limiting the rotation of the rotating disc 601 is arranged on one side of the rotating disc 601.
By adopting the technical scheme, the rotating disc 601 is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the base 202, the lower ends of the lower central clamping rod 1201 and the four lower peripheral clamping rods 1202 are connected with the upper surface of the rotating disc 601, the clamping component 602 is used for limiting the rotation of the rotating disc 601, the clamping component 602 can adopt the structure same as that of the locking block 503 and the movement mode same as that of the locking block 503, at the moment, a gear is also selected for the rotating disc 601, other conventional rotation limiting modes can be used, when the workpiece angle is finely adjusted or the workpiece is driven to rotate by using the rotating component, the rotating disc 601 can freely rotate, after the fine adjustment is finished or the workpiece processing surface is rotated in place, the clamping component 602 limits the rotation of the rotating disc 601, and the stability of the workpiece processing process is ensured.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: locking assembly includes stopper 701, the retaining member of mutually supporting with stopper 701, stopper 701 is the polygon prism form, stopper 701 is fixed at rotor plate 301 upper surface middle part, the retaining member includes sliding sleeve 702, sliding sleeve 702 establishes on axis of rotation 303 outer wall, be equipped with the L type piece 703 of a plurality of and stopper 701 looks adaptation along the circumference interval on the sliding sleeve 702 outer wall, the quantity of L type piece 703 is the same with stopper 701's side quantity, forms the groove of parcel stopper 701 between a plurality of L type piece 703, frame 201 upper end bottom surface is equipped with the cylinder body 704 that is used for driving sliding sleeve 702 vertical lift on the sliding shaft outer wall.
By adopting the technical scheme, the locking assembly comprises a limiting block 701 and a locking piece, the limiting block 701 is fixed on the upper surface of the rotating plate 301, the limiting block 701 is of a symmetrical structure, the center of the limiting block 701 coincides with the axis of the rotating shaft 303, the limiting block 701 can be of a regular quadrangular prism type, a regular pentagonal prism type and other structures, the limiting block 701 with a proper structure is selected according to the number of the surfaces to be cut of the workpiece, of course, the regular polygonal prism-shaped limiting block 701 is suitable for the symmetrical workpiece, when the asymmetrical workpiece is processed, the shape of the limiting block 701 can be correspondingly changed, the locking piece comprises a sliding sleeve 702 and a plurality of L-shaped blocks 703, a through hole matched with the outer wall of the rotating shaft 303 is arranged in the sliding sleeve 702 and penetrates through the upper end face and the lower end face of the sliding sleeve 702, each L-shaped block 703 consists of a transverse block and a vertical block, the whole is L-shaped, one end of the transverse block is fixedly connected with the outer wall of the sliding sleeve 702, and a groove formed among the plurality of L-shaped blocks 703 can just wrap the limiting block 701, when the limiting block 701 is wrapped, the bottom surface of the transverse block is in contact with the upper surface of the limiting block 701, the side wall of each vertical block is in contact with one side wall of the limiting block 701, the cylinder body 704 is fixed on the bottom surface of the upper end of the rack 201, one end of a piston rod on the cylinder body 704 is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the transverse block, the number of the cylinder bodies 704 is generally two, the piston rod is not required to be connected to each transverse block, generally the two cylinder bodies 704 are arranged on two opposite sides of the rotating shaft 303 to achieve functions, the cylinder body 704 can drive the L-shaped block 703 to vertically lift so as to wrap the limiting block 701 or keep away from the limiting block 701, when the L-shaped block 703 wraps the limiting block 701, the rotation of the rotating assembly is limited, when the L-shaped block 703 is far away from the limiting block 701, the rotating assembly is allowed to rotate, the L-shaped block drives the sliding sleeve 702 to vertically slide on the outer wall of the rotating shaft 303 in the movement process, so as to improve the lifting stability of the L-shaped block 703, by taking a workpiece of a regular tetrahedron type to be processed as an example, the limiting block 701 is a regular quadrangular prism, the number of the L-shaped blocks 703 is four, the four L-shaped blocks 703 are uniformly distributed on the outer wall of the sliding block, when one surface of the workpiece is processed, the workpiece is rotated, and when the workpiece rotates by 90 degrees, the vertical block of the L-shaped block 703 just faces to one side wall of the limiting block 701 after the workpiece rotates, so that the rotating angle of the workpiece can be accurately controlled, and the processing precision is higher.
The invention also discloses a processing technology of the spindle box of the numerical control machine tool, which uses the processing system with the structure, in the specific embodiment of the invention, the processing system also comprises a cutting device, and the technology comprises the following steps:
s1, clamping: clamping the workpiece by the clamping assembly so that one surface of the workpiece is close to the cutting device;
s2, processing: starting a cutting device to process the surface of the workpiece;
s3, rotating the workpiece: the clamping component and the workpiece are driven to horizontally rotate through the rotating component, so that the next surface to be cut of the workpiece is close to the cutting device;
s4, repeating the step S2 and the step S3 until the surfaces of the workpiece needing to be machined are completely machined;
s5, taking a piece: and closing the cutting device, taking down the processed workpiece, and finishing the processing.
In a specific embodiment of the invention: when a workpiece is clamped for the first time, the locking assembly locks the clamping assembly, when one surface of the workpiece is machined, the locking assembly loosens the clamping assembly, the rotating assembly drives the clamping assembly to horizontally rotate, and when the next surface to be cut of the workpiece is close to the cutting device, the locking assembly locks the clamping assembly again.
By adopting the technical scheme, when in processing, the clamping assembly is used for clamping a workpiece, the horizontal angle of the clamped workpiece can be finely adjusted after the workpiece is clamped, so that the workpiece keeps an angle favorable for processing, then the locking block 503 is driven to move to limit the fine adjustment gear 502 to rotate so as to limit the rotation of the upper clamping assembly, namely, the clamping is completed, the cutting device is started to process the surface of the workpiece opposite to the cutting device after the clamping is completed, the locking piece limits the rotation of the rotating assembly during the cutting process, the stability of the processing process of the workpiece is improved, the cylinder body 704 drives the locking piece to be far away from the limiting block 701 after the cutting is completed, the workpiece is manually rotated, the limiting block 701 rotates along with the rotating plate 301 during the rotation of the workpiece, the position of the locking piece is unchanged, after the rotation of the workpiece is completed, the cylinder body 704 drives the locking piece to wrap the limiting block 701 to limit the rotation of the workpiece, and then the cutting device is started to process the next surface of the workpiece, the surface to be machined of the workpiece is machined in sequence, high-precision workpiece machining is achieved through one-time clamping, and meanwhile limiting assemblies at multiple positions are formed among the limiting block 701, the locking piece, the locking block 503, the fine adjustment gear 502, the rotating disc 601 and the clamping assembly 602 in the machining process, so that the stability of workpiece machining is improved.
The above description is only for the purpose of illustrating the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the invention, and any modifications, equivalents, improvements and the like that fall within the spirit and principle of the present invention are intended to be included therein.

Claims (6)

1. The utility model provides a system of processing of digit control machine tool headstock which characterized in that: the clamping device comprises a clamping component for clamping a workpiece, a rotating component for driving the clamping component to horizontally rotate, and a locking component for limiting the rotation of the clamping component when the clamping component rotates to a proper angle;
the clamping assembly comprises an upper clamping assembly, a lower clamping assembly and a lifting assembly, the lifting assembly can drive the upper clamping assembly to vertically lift and the lower clamping assembly to mutually match and clamp a workpiece, the lower clamping assembly comprises a lower central clamping rod (1201) and four lower peripheral clamping rods (1202), the four lower peripheral clamping rods (1202) are distributed around the lower central clamping rod (1201) at intervals, the four lower peripheral clamping rods (1202) and the lower central clamping rod (1201) can rotate around the axis of the lower central clamping rod (1201) as the circle center, the upper clamping assembly comprises an upper central clamping rod (1101) and four upper peripheral clamping rods (1102), and the rotating assembly can drive the upper clamping assembly to horizontally rotate;
the processing system further comprises a rack (201) and a base (202), wherein the rack (201) is inverted U-shaped, the two ends of the rack (201) are fixed on the upper surface of the base (202), the rotating assembly comprises a rotating plate (301), a connecting plate (302) and a rotating shaft (303), the rotating shaft (303) is rotatably arranged in the middle of the bottom surface of the upper end of the rack (201), the lower end of the rotating shaft (303) is fixedly connected with the upper surface of the rotating plate (301), the connecting plate (302) is arranged below the rotating plate (301), the rotating plate (301) is connected with the connecting plate (302) through four upright posts (304), a central through hole (305) for allowing an upper central clamping rod (1101) to pass through is formed in the connecting plate (302), and peripheral through holes (306) for allowing four upper peripheral clamping rods (1102) to pass through are formed in the periphery of the central through hole (305);
the lifting assembly comprises a fixing plate (401) and five lifting cylinders (402), the fixing plate (401) is located between the rotating plate (301) and the connecting plate (302), each upper outer circumference clamping rod (1102) and each upper center clamping rod (1101) correspond to one lifting cylinder (402), and the five lifting cylinders (402) are fixed on the bottom surface of the fixing plate (401) respectively;
the fixing plate (401) is rotationally connected with the connecting plate (302), the middle part of the upper surface of the fixing plate (401) is fixedly connected with a fine tuning rotating shaft (501), the upper end of the fine tuning rotating shaft (501) is coaxially provided with a fine tuning gear (502), the four peripheral through holes (306) are all arc sections taking the central through hole (305) as the circle center, one side of the fine adjustment gear (502) is provided with a locking block (503) for limiting the rotation of the fine adjustment gear (502), the side wall of the locking block (503) close to one side of the fine adjustment gear (502) is an arc-shaped surface matched with the fine adjustment gear (502), the arc surface is provided with latch teeth (5031) matched with the teeth on the fine adjustment gear (502), a mounting block (504) is arranged on one side of the locking block (503) far away from the fine adjustment gear (502), and a horizontal driving component for driving the locking block (503) to move horizontally is arranged on the mounting block (504).
2. The machining system of the spindle box of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: horizontal drive assembly includes horizontal sliding rod (505), installation piece (504) upper end is equipped with horizontal sliding groove, horizontal sliding groove runs through two relative lateral walls of installation piece (504), horizontal sliding rod (505) and horizontal sliding groove sliding connection, lateral wall fixed connection of fine setting gear (502) one side is kept away from with latch segment (503) to horizontal sliding rod (505) one end, the one end that latch segment (503) were kept away from in horizontal sliding rod (505) is equipped with ejector pad (506).
3. The machining system of the spindle box of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: the lower center clamping rod (1201) is provided with a rotating disc (601) below, the bottom surface of the rotating disc (601) is rotatably connected with the upper surface of the base (202), the lower center clamping rod (1201) is fixedly connected with the upper surfaces of the rotating disc (601) at the bottom ends of the four lower periphery clamping rods (1202), and one side of the rotating disc (601) is provided with a clamping component (602) which can limit the rotating disc (601) to rotate.
4. The machining system of the spindle box of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that: locking assembly includes stopper (701), the retaining member of mutually supporting with stopper (701), stopper (701) are the polygon prism form, stopper (701) are fixed at rotor plate (301) upper surface middle part, the retaining member includes sliding sleeve (702), establish on axis of rotation (303) outer wall sliding sleeve (702), be equipped with L type piece (703) of a plurality of and stopper (701) looks adaptation along the circumference interval on sliding sleeve (702) outer wall, the quantity of L type piece (703) is the same with the side quantity of stopper (701), forms the groove of parcel stopper (701) between a plurality of L type piece (703), frame (201) upper end bottom surface is equipped with and is used for driving vertical lift cylinder body (704) of sliding sleeve (702) on the sliding shaft outer wall.
5. A machining process of a headstock of a numerical control machine tool using the machining system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the machining system further comprises a cutting device, the process comprising the steps of:
s1, clamping: clamping the workpiece by the clamping assembly so that one surface of the workpiece is close to the cutting device;
s2, processing: starting a cutting device to process the surface of the workpiece;
s3, rotating the workpiece: the clamping component and the workpiece are driven to horizontally rotate through the rotating component, so that the next surface to be cut of the workpiece is close to the cutting device;
s4, repeating the step S2 and the step S3 until the surfaces of the workpiece needing to be machined are completely machined;
s5, taking a piece: and closing the cutting device, taking down the processed workpiece, and finishing the processing.
6. The machining process of the spindle box of the numerical control machine tool according to claim 5, characterized in that: when a workpiece is clamped for the first time, the locking assembly locks the clamping assembly, when one surface of the workpiece is machined, the locking assembly loosens the clamping assembly, the rotating assembly drives the clamping assembly to horizontally rotate, and when the next surface to be cut of the workpiece is close to the cutting device, the locking assembly locks the clamping assembly again.
CN202110537175.6A 2021-05-18 2021-05-18 Machining system and machining process of spindle box of numerical control machine tool Active CN113231851B (en)

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CN202894833U (en) * 2012-11-14 2013-04-24 费斯托气动有限公司 Multi-surface machining device
CN103143959A (en) * 2013-03-11 2013-06-12 钱汝玉 Box body angle adjusting device for universal fixture
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CN213078869U (en) * 2020-06-19 2021-04-30 昆山市鸿泽超精密组件有限公司 Clamp for spraying surface of automobile plastic part

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