CN113231526A - Internal pressure automatic forming device and method for large-diameter cylindrical part - Google Patents
Internal pressure automatic forming device and method for large-diameter cylindrical part Download PDFInfo
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- CN113231526A CN113231526A CN202110591190.9A CN202110591190A CN113231526A CN 113231526 A CN113231526 A CN 113231526A CN 202110591190 A CN202110591190 A CN 202110591190A CN 113231526 A CN113231526 A CN 113231526A
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- tube blank
- sealing
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- internal pressure
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/045—Closing or sealing means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21C—MANUFACTURE OF METAL SHEETS, WIRE, RODS, TUBES OR PROFILES, OTHERWISE THAN BY ROLLING; AUXILIARY OPERATIONS USED IN CONNECTION WITH METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL
- B21C51/00—Measuring, gauging, indicating, counting, or marking devices specially adapted for use in the production or manipulation of material in accordance with subclasses B21B - B21F
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D—WORKING OR PROCESSING OF SHEET METAL OR METAL TUBES, RODS OR PROFILES WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
- B21D26/00—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces
- B21D26/02—Shaping without cutting otherwise than using rigid devices or tools or yieldable or resilient pads, i.e. applying fluid pressure or magnetic forces by applying fluid pressure
- B21D26/033—Deforming tubular bodies
- B21D26/047—Mould construction
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- Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
- Shaping Metal By Deep-Drawing, Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides an internal pressure automatic forming device and method for a large-diameter cylindrical part, which comprises a hydraulic system, a platform, a die arranged on the platform and punches arranged at two ends of the die, wherein the punches comprise: the punch comprises a punch body, a first punch body and a second punch body, wherein the punch body is of a multi-layer circular truncated cone structure which comprises a first circular truncated cone and a second circular truncated cone; one end of the punch body, which is far away from the die, is fixedly connected with the axial push rod; the first round table is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of one end of the tube blank; the second round table is connected with one end of the die in a sealing and sliding manner and applies axial side thrust to the cylindrical part; the telescopic shaft is arranged on the end face of one end, close to the tube blank, of the first round table, and the outer diameter of the telescopic shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube blank. The invention saves the needed hydraulic medium and further reduces the compression volume of the hydraulic medium; the change of the internal pressure of the tube blank is easier to control, thereby preventing the buckling, the cracking or the harmful wrinkling of the tube blank caused by the difficult control of the pressure change gradient.
Description
Technical Field
The invention particularly relates to an internal pressure automatic forming device for a large-diameter cylindrical part, and further particularly relates to an internal pressure automatic forming method for the large-diameter cylindrical part.
Background
With the enlargement of the equipment, the design size of the cylindrical part is also gradually enlarged and the requirement is higher and higher. Large caliber in prior art
When a large-diameter cylindrical member is subjected to internal pressure forming, the cylindrical member needs more hydraulic medium and higher internal pressure due to the larger size of the cylindrical member. However, in the case of a high internal pressure, the hydraulic medium itself is compressed, and the pressure change gradient in the early stage of internal pressure forming is too slow due to the reduction in the volume of the hydraulic medium, and is difficult to be further compressed when the hydraulic medium is compressed to a certain extent, which in turn causes the pressure change gradient at that time to be too steep. This situation makes the internal pressure change difficult to control, easily causing buckling, cracking or harmful wrinkling of the cylindrical shell.
On the other hand, the large-diameter cylindrical part needs to be injected with more hydraulic medium, so that more hydraulic medium is polluted and wasted in production, the production cost is increased, and the consumption of the hydraulic medium is increased.
In addition, a higher requirement is provided for the sealing capability of equipment when a large-diameter cylindrical part is formed in an internal pressure manner, and the common sealing structure in the prior art is difficult to meet the requirement, so that the problems of insufficient heat resistance, insufficient sealing property, easiness in aging, difficulty in replacement and the like exist.
Therefore, there is a need for an automatic internal pressure forming device and method for large-diameter cylindrical parts, which solve the above problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides an internal pressure automatic forming device and method for a large-diameter cylindrical part, which have the characteristics of preventing buckling, cracking or harmful wrinkling of a pipe blank, have excellent sealing performance and low production cost, and solve the defects in the prior art.
The utility model provides an automatic forming device presses in heavy-calibre cylinder, includes hydraulic system, platform, installs the mould on the platform and sets up the drift at the mould both ends, the drift includes:
the punch comprises a punch body, a first punch body and a second punch body, wherein the punch body is of a multi-layer circular truncated cone structure which comprises a first circular truncated cone and a second circular truncated cone which are integrally formed; one end of the punch body, which is far away from the die, is fixedly connected with the axial push rod;
the first round table is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of one end of the tube blank;
the second round table is connected with one end of the die in a sealing sliding mode and applies axial side thrust to the cylindrical part;
the telescopic shaft is arranged on the end face of one end, close to the tube blank, of the first round platform, and the outer diameter of the telescopic shaft is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube blank.
The telescopic shaft includes:
the shaft body is connected with the first round table through a telescopic push rod; the section of the shaft body is slightly less than the tube blank
And one end of the hydraulic push rod is fixedly provided with the first round table, and the other end of the hydraulic push rod is detachably connected with the shaft body.
Before internal pressure forming, the punches seal the pipe blank from the two ends of the pipe blank, and then the hydraulic push rod is controlled to push the shaft body to know that the shaft bodies on the punches at the two ends are contacted. And then, injecting a hydraulic medium into the pipe blank, wherein the hydraulic medium is emulsion, and the emulsion is formed by mixing and emulsifying water and hydraulic oil. By adopting the structure, when the large-diameter cylindrical part is automatically formed, the required hydraulic medium is saved, the compression volume of the hydraulic medium is further reduced, so that the change of the internal pressure of the tube blank is easier to control, and the phenomena of buckling, cracking or harmful wrinkling of the tube blank caused by difficulty in controlling the pressure change gradient are prevented.
Furthermore, the punch body is provided with a through long oil way along the axial direction of the punch body, one end of the oil way is connected into the tube blank, and the other end of the oil way is connected with a hydraulic system.
Further, the hydraulic system includes:
one end of the liquid supply pipeline is connected with the oil way;
a hydraulic pump that pumps a hydraulic medium to the supply line;
the valve is arranged in the liquid supply pipeline and is used for controlling the hydraulic pressure and the flow in the liquid supply pipeline;
a control module for controlling the axial push rod, hydraulic pump and valve;
and the sensor is arranged at one end of the oil way close to the tube blank and is used for detecting the pressure in the tube blank.
The hydraulic system further includes:
a waste liquid tank for collecting used hydraulic medium;
and a filter which filters the waste liquid in the waste liquid barrel and then re-uses the waste liquid by the hydraulic pump.
And a waste liquid groove is formed in the die and is connected to a waste liquid barrel through a liquid supply pipeline.
When the pipe blank is pressed and formed, the control module controls a part of liquid supply pipelines to be opened through the valve so that the hydraulic pump charges liquid into the pipe blank for pressurization; after the forming is finished, the control module opens the other part of the liquid supply pipeline through the valve, so that the used hydraulic medium in the pipe blank flows into the waste liquid barrel. The waste liquid groove collects the residual hydraulic medium in the die into the waste liquid barrel, so that the device is prevented from being polluted by the residual hydraulic medium on the die. By adopting the structure, the hydraulic medium can be recycled, the production cost is reduced, and the hydraulic medium is saved.
Further, the punch further comprises: the sealing table is sleeved and fixed on the second round table; the punch body is in interference fit with the die through a sealing table to form sealing, the sealing table is of a hollow horn-shaped structure, and the perimeter of the end face of the sealing table, which is connected with the die, is smaller than the perimeter of the end face of the other end of the sealing table; the circumferential surface of the sealing platform is a curved surface with radian; the sealing stations include an oxygen-free copper sealing station and a pure aluminum sealing station.
The sealing platform passes through the structure of loudspeaker form, makes the drift when the axial impels the pipe, can seal whole mould to along with impel the distance big more, its sealed effect is better, the sealing platform adopts oxygen-free copper and/or pure aluminium material, high elasticity, high wearability and suitable mechanical strength that have satisfied the sealed demand under the high pressure condition. And after the sealing platform reaches life, can change it and do not influence the leakproofness of whole device, convenient high efficiency.
Further, the punch further comprises: the sealing ring is sleeved on the groove of the first round table, and the first round table is in interference fit with the inner wall of the tube blank through the sealing ring so as to be in sealing sliding connection; the sealing ring is a hollow sealing ring, and the hollow part of the sealing ring is filled with fluorescent agent.
Further, this device still includes the leak hunting lamp, and its setting is close to the one end of drift at the platform for detect the fluorescent agent in the sealing washer.
The sealing washer ageing and damaged condition appear easily in use, can not even discover in many times, lead to the sealing performance of device to descend, and through adding the fluorescent agent in the sealing washer, use the leak hunting lamp to inspect the sealing washer before using at every turn, can judge the sealed condition of sealing washer whether through the fluorescent agent seepage. By adopting the structure, the state of the sealing ring of the device can be judged more quickly and intuitively.
Further, the sensor includes:
the hydraulic sensor is arranged at one end of the oil way close to the tube blank;
the thrust sensor is arranged at one end of the second round table, which is contacted with the tube blank;
and the displacement sensor is arranged on the punch.
Furthermore, a damping block is arranged at the position, contacting the tube blank, of the punch.
By adopting the structure, the damping block can prevent the pipe blank from deforming and wrinkling due to the fact that the thrust of the punch to the pipe blank is rapidly increased.
On the other hand, the internal pressure automatic forming method of the large-diameter cylindrical part is applied to the device and comprises the following steps:
preparing an automatic forming device, putting the tube blank into a corresponding die, then checking the state of a sealing ring on a punch by using a leak detection lamp, and then checking the state of a sealing table; then setting different pressure curves and axial feed force curves of the control module according to the difference of the tube blank and the die;
controlling an axial push rod to push the punches to an initial position, sealing a first circular table with the inner wall of the tube blank, contacting the end face of a second circular table with the tube blank, controlling a telescopic shaft to extend out, contacting the telescopic shafts of the punches at two ends, and controlling a hydraulic system to pre-charge hydraulic medium to the tube blank;
the method comprises the following steps that a control module controls a punch to apply axial side thrust to a tube blank according to a set axial feeding force curve, and the control module also controls a hydraulic system to increase the internal pressure forming of the tube blank according to a set pressure curve;
and step (3) after the pipe blank is formed, unloading the hydraulic system, and discharging the hydraulic medium in the pipe blank to a waste liquid barrel by controlling the hydraulic pump and the valve to carry out reverse loading by the control module.
Further, in the step, during the process of applying the axial side thrust, the control module adjusts the preset axial feeding force through the feedback of the displacement sensor and the thrust sensor.
Further, in the step, the control module adjusts the preset axial feeding force through feedback of the pressure sensor during the internal pressure forming process.
And the punches at the two ends are controlled to feed the blank with the same or different feed amounts, so that different production requirements are met, and large-caliber cylindrical parts with the same or different two ends can be produced. In addition, the punch of the device can control the feeding amount and the feeding process of the punch through a thrust curve by a thrust sensor, and can control the feeding amount and the feeding process of the punch through a displacement amount by a displacement sensor. By adopting the method, the forming method of the device is enriched by two punch feeding control modes, the forming effect is improved, and different punch feeding modes can be selected according to different tube blank materials, lengths and thicknesses, so that the better production effect is achieved.
In addition, the invention can simultaneously or independently control the feeding amount of the punch and the hydraulic system respectively through the control module, thereby achieving the switching of synchronous control and asynchronous control, ensuring more accurate control and preventing the pipe blank from buckling, cracking or harmful wrinkling.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the large-caliber cylindrical part is automatically formed, the required hydraulic medium is saved, and the compression volume of the hydraulic medium is further reduced;
2. the invention makes the change of the internal pressure of the tube blank easier to control, thereby preventing the buckling, the rupture or the harmful wrinkling of the tube blank caused by the difficult control of the pressure change gradient.
3. The invention can recycle the hydraulic medium, reduces the production cost and saves the hydraulic medium.
4. The invention meets the sealing requirement of the large-caliber cylindrical part internal pressure forming device under the high-pressure condition.
5. The device can judge the state of the sealing ring of the device more quickly and intuitively, and is convenient and efficient.
6. The invention controls the punches at the two ends to feed the blank with the same or different feed amounts, thereby meeting different production requirements and being capable of producing large-caliber cylindrical parts with the same or different two ends.
7. The invention uses two punch feeding control modes, enriches the forming method of the device, improves the forming effect, and can select different punch feeding modes according to the difference of the material, the length and the thickness of the tube blank, thereby achieving better production effect.
8. The invention can simultaneously or independently control the feeding amount of the punch and the hydraulic system respectively through the control module, thereby achieving the switching of synchronous control and asynchronous control, leading the control to be more accurate, and preventing the buckling, the rupture or the harmful wrinkling of the tube blank.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an internal pressure automatic forming device for a large-diameter cylindrical part according to the invention;
FIG. 2 is a sectional view of the mold of the present invention taken along its axial direction;
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the punch of the present invention taken along its axial direction;
reference numerals:
1. a platform; 2. a mold; 21. a waste liquid tank; 3. a punch; 30. a punch body; 301. a first circular table; 302. a second circular table; 31. an oil path; 32. a sealing table; 33. a seal ring; 34. a damping block; 4. a pipe blank; 5. a telescopic shaft; 51. a shaft body; 52. a hydraulic push rod; 6. a hydraulic system; 61. a hydraulic pump; 62. a liquid supply line; 63. a valve; 65. a waste liquid barrel; 66. and (3) a filter.
Detailed Description
It should be apparent that the embodiments described below are some, but not all embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of description and simplicity of description, but do not indicate or imply that the device or element being referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. In the description of the present invention, it is to be noted that the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly unless otherwise specifically indicated and limited.
In addition, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.
Example 1
The utility model provides an automatic forming device presses in heavy-calibre cylinder, includes hydraulic system 6, platform 1, installs mould 2 on platform 1 and sets up drift 3 at mould 2 both ends, drift 3 includes:
the punch comprises a punch body 30 which is of a multi-layer circular truncated cone structure, wherein the multi-layer circular truncated cone structure comprises a first circular truncated cone 301 and a second circular truncated cone 302 which are integrally formed; one end of the punch body 30, which is far away from the die 2, is fixedly connected with the axial push rod;
the first round table 301 is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of one end of the tube blank 4;
the second round table 302 is connected with one end of the die 2 in a sealing and sliding manner and applies axial side thrust to the cylindrical part;
and the telescopic shaft 5 is arranged on the end face of one end, close to the tube blank 4, of the first round table 301, and the outer diameter of the telescopic shaft 5 is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube blank 4.
The telescopic shaft 5 includes:
a shaft body 51 connected to the first round table 301 through a telescopic push rod; the section of the shaft body 51 is slightly less than the tube blank 4
The hydraulic rod 52 has one end to which the first circular truncated cone 301 is fixed and the other end detachably connected to the shaft body 51.
Before the internal pressure forming, the punches 3 seal the tube blank 4 from both ends of the tube blank 4, and then the hydraulic push rods 52 are controlled to push the shaft bodies 51 into contact with the shaft bodies 51 on the punches 3 at both ends. And then, injecting a hydraulic medium into the tube blank 4, wherein the hydraulic medium is emulsion, and the emulsion is formed by mixing and emulsifying water and hydraulic oil. By adopting the structure, when the large-diameter cylindrical part is automatically formed, the required hydraulic medium is saved, the compression volume of the hydraulic medium is further reduced, so that the change of the internal pressure of the tube blank 4 is easier to control, and the phenomena of buckling, cracking or harmful wrinkling of the tube blank 4 caused by difficulty in controlling the pressure change gradient are prevented.
The punch body 30 is provided with a through long oil path 31 along the axial direction, one end of the oil path 31 is connected into the tube blank 4, and the other end of the oil path 31 is connected with the hydraulic system 6.
The hydraulic system 6 comprises:
a fluid supply line 62 having one end connected to the oil passage 31;
a hydraulic pump 61 that pumps a hydraulic medium to a supply line 62;
a valve 63 provided in the liquid supply line 62 for controlling the hydraulic pressure and flow rate in the liquid supply line 62;
a control module for controlling the axial push rod, the hydraulic pump 61 and the valve 63;
and a sensor arranged at one end of the oil passage 31 close to the tube blank 4 and used for detecting the pressure in the tube blank 4.
The hydraulic system 6 further comprises:
a waste liquid tank 65 for collecting used hydraulic medium;
and a filter 66 filtering the waste liquid in the waste liquid tank 65 and then reusing it by the hydraulic pump 61.
The die 2 is provided with a waste liquid tank 21, and the waste liquid tank 21 is connected to a waste liquid barrel 65 through a liquid supply pipeline 62.
When the tube blank 4 is subjected to internal pressure forming, the control module controls a part of the liquid supply pipeline 62 to be opened through a valve 63, so that the hydraulic pump 61 is used for filling liquid into the tube blank 4 and pressurizing; after the forming is finished, the control module opens another part of the liquid supply pipeline 62 through the valve 63, so that the used hydraulic medium in the tube blank 4 flows into the waste liquid barrel 65. The waste liquid tank 21 collects the residual hydraulic medium in the die 2 into the waste liquid barrel 65, so that the device is prevented from being polluted by the residual hydraulic medium on the die 2. By adopting the structure, the hydraulic medium can be recycled, the production cost is reduced, and the hydraulic medium is saved.
The punch 3 further includes: a sealing table 32, which is sleeved and fixed on the second round table 302; the punch body 30 is in interference fit with the die 2 through a sealing table 32 to form sealing, the sealing table 32 is of a hollow horn-shaped structure, and the perimeter of the end face of the sealing table connected with the die 2 is smaller than that of the end face of the other end of the sealing table; the circumferential surface of the sealing platform 32 is a curved surface with radian; the sealing stations 32 include oxygen free copper sealing stations and pure aluminum sealing stations.
The sealing platform 32 can seal the whole die 2 when the punch 3 axially pushes the tube blank 4 through a horn-shaped structure, the sealing effect is better along with the larger pushing distance, the sealing platform 32 is made of oxygen-free copper and/or pure aluminum, and the sealing platform has high elasticity, high wear resistance and proper mechanical strength, and meets the sealing requirement under the high-pressure condition. And after the service life of the sealing platform 32, the sealing platform can be replaced without influencing the sealing performance of the whole device, and the sealing platform is convenient and efficient.
The punch 3 further includes: the sealing ring 33 is sleeved on the groove of the first round platform 301, and the first round platform 301 is in interference fit with the inner wall of the tube blank 4 through the sealing ring 33 so as to be in sealing sliding connection; the sealing ring 33 is a hollow sealing ring, and the hollow part of the sealing ring is filled with fluorescent agent.
This device still includes the leak hunting lamp, and its setting is close to the one end of drift 3 at platform 1 for detect the fluorescent agent in the sealing washer 33.
The sealing ring 33 is easy to age and damage in use, and the sealing performance of the device is reduced due to the fact that the sealing ring 33 cannot be found in many times, the fluorescent agent is added into the sealing ring 33, the sealing ring 33 is checked by the leak detection lamp before being used at each time, and the sealing condition of the sealing ring 33 can be judged by leakage of the fluorescent agent. With this configuration, the state of the seal ring 33 of the present apparatus can be determined more quickly and intuitively.
The sensor includes:
a hydraulic sensor arranged at one end of the oil passage 31 close to the tube blank 4;
a thrust sensor arranged at one end of the second round platform 302, which is in contact with the tube blank 4;
and a displacement sensor provided on the punch 3.
The punch 3 is also provided with a damping block 34 at a position contacting the tube blank 4.
With this structure, the damping block 34 can prevent the pipe blank 4 from deforming and wrinkling due to the rapid increase in the thrust force of the punch 3 against the pipe blank 4.
Example 2
An internal pressure automatic forming method for a large-diameter cylindrical part is applied to the device and comprises the following steps:
step 1, preparing an automatic forming device, putting a tube blank 4 into a corresponding die 2, then checking the state of a sealing ring 33 on a punch 3 by using a leak detection lamp, and then checking the state of a sealing table 32; then setting different pressure curves and axial feed force curves of the control module according to the difference of the tube blank 4 and the die 2;
and 4, after the tube blank is formed, unloading the hydraulic system 6, and reversely loading the hydraulic system by the control module through controlling the hydraulic pump 61 and the valve 63 to discharge the hydraulic medium in the tube blank 4 to the waste liquid barrel 65.
In the step 3, in the process of applying the axial side thrust, the control module adjusts the preset axial feeding force through the feedback of the displacement sensor and the thrust sensor.
In the step 3, in the process of internal pressure forming, the control module adjusts the preset axial feeding force through the feedback of the pressure sensor.
And the punches 3 at the two ends are controlled to feed the blank 4 at the same or different feed rates, so that different production requirements are met, and large-caliber cylindrical parts with the same or different two ends can be produced. In addition, the punch 3 of the present apparatus can control the feed amount and feed process of the punch 3 by the thrust curve by the thrust sensor, and the feed amount and feed process of the punch 3 can be controlled by the displacement amount by the displacement sensor. By adopting the method, the two punch 3 feeding control modes enrich the forming method of the device, the forming effect is improved, and different punch 3 feeding modes can be selected according to different materials, lengths and thicknesses of the tube blank 4, so that the better production effect is achieved.
In addition, the feeding amount of the punch 3 and the hydraulic system 6 can be simultaneously or independently and respectively controlled by the control module, so that the synchronous control and asynchronous control switching can be realized, the control is more accurate, and the buckling, the breakage or the harmful wrinkling of the tube blank 4 can be prevented.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. when the large-caliber cylindrical part is automatically formed, the required hydraulic medium is saved, and the compression volume of the hydraulic medium is further reduced;
2. the present invention makes it easier to control the change in the internal pressure of the tube blank 4, thereby preventing buckling, cracking or harmful wrinkling of the tube blank 4 due to the difficulty in controlling the gradient of pressure change.
3. The invention can recycle the hydraulic medium, reduces the production cost and saves the hydraulic medium.
4. The invention meets the sealing requirement of the large-caliber cylindrical part internal pressure forming device under the high-pressure condition.
5. The device can judge the state of the sealing ring 33 of the device more quickly and intuitively, and is convenient and efficient.
6. The invention controls the punches 3 at two ends to feed the pipe blank 4 with the same or different feed amounts, thereby meeting different production requirements and being capable of producing large-caliber cylindrical parts with the same or different two ends.
7. The invention uses two feeding control modes of the punch 3, enriches the forming method of the device, improves the forming effect, and can select different feeding modes of the punch 3 according to different materials, lengths and thicknesses of the tube blank 4, thereby achieving better production effect.
8. The invention can simultaneously or independently control the feeding amount of the punch 3 and the hydraulic system 6 respectively through the control module, thereby achieving the switching of synchronous control and asynchronous control, leading the control to be more accurate, and preventing the buckling, the cracking or the harmful wrinkling of the tube blank 4.
It should be understood that the above examples are only for clarity of illustration and are not intended to limit the embodiments. Other variations and modifications will be apparent to persons skilled in the art in light of the above description. And are neither required nor exhaustive of all embodiments. And obvious variations or modifications therefrom are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides an automatic forming device presses in heavy-calibre cylindric piece, includes hydraulic system (6), platform (1), installs mould (2) on platform (1) and sets up drift (3) at mould (2) both ends, its characterized in that, drift (3) include:
the punch comprises a punch body (30) which is of a multi-layer circular truncated cone structure, wherein the multi-layer circular truncated cone structure comprises a first circular truncated cone (301) and a second circular truncated cone (302) which are integrally formed; one end, far away from the die (2), of the punch body (30) is fixedly connected with the axial push rod;
the first round table (301) is in sealed sliding connection with the inner wall of one end of the tube blank (4);
the second round table (302) is connected with one end of the die (2) in a sealing and sliding manner and applies axial side thrust to the cylindrical part;
the telescopic shaft (5) is arranged on the end face of one end, close to the tube blank (4), of the first round table (301), and the outer diameter of the telescopic shaft (5) is smaller than the inner diameter of the tube blank (4).
2. The internal pressure automatic forming device of the large-caliber cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein the punch body (30) is provided with a through oil path (31) along the axial direction, one end of the oil path (31) is connected into the pipe blank (4), and the other end of the oil path is connected with a hydraulic system (6).
3. The internal pressure automatic forming device of a large-caliber cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein the hydraulic system (6) comprises:
a liquid supply line (62) having one end connected to the oil passage (31);
a hydraulic pump (61) that pumps a hydraulic medium to the supply line (62);
a valve (63) provided in the liquid supply line (62) for controlling the hydraulic pressure and flow rate in the liquid supply line (62);
a control module for controlling the axial push rod, the hydraulic pump (61) and the valve (63);
and the sensor is arranged at one end of the oil passage (31) close to the tube blank (4) and is used for detecting the pressure in the tube blank (4).
4. The internal pressure automatic forming device of the large-caliber cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein the punch (3) further comprises: the sealing table (32) is sleeved and fixed on the second round table (302); the punch body (30) is in interference fit with the die (2) through a sealing table (32) to form sealing, the sealing table (32) is of a hollow horn-shaped structure, and the perimeter of the end face of the sealing table, which is connected with the die (2), is smaller than that of the end face of the other end of the sealing table; the circumferential surface of the sealing table (32) is a curved surface with radian; the sealing stations (32) include oxygen free copper sealing stations and pure aluminum sealing stations.
5. The internal pressure automatic forming device of the large-caliber cylindrical part according to claim 1, wherein the punch (3) further comprises: the sealing ring (33) is sleeved on the groove of the first round table (301), and the first round table (301) is in interference fit with the inner wall of the tube blank (4) through the sealing ring (33) so as to be in sealing sliding connection; the sealing ring (33) is a hollow sealing ring, and the hollow part of the sealing ring is filled with fluorescent agent.
6. The automatic forming device in heavy-calibre cylinder internal pressure of claim 5, characterized by further comprising a leak detection lamp arranged at one end of the platform (1) close to the punch (3) and used for detecting fluorescent agent in the sealing ring (33).
7. The internal pressure automatic forming device of a large-diameter cylindrical member according to claim 3, wherein the sensor (64) comprises:
the hydraulic sensor is arranged at one end of the oil path (31) close to the tube blank (4);
the thrust sensor is arranged at one end of the second round table (302) which is contacted with the tube blank (4);
and a displacement sensor arranged on the punch (3).
8. An internal pressure automatic forming method for a large-diameter cylindrical part is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1, preparing an automatic forming device, putting a tube blank (4) into a corresponding die (2), then checking the state of a sealing ring (33) on a punch (3) by using a leak detection lamp, and then checking the state of a sealing table (32); then setting different pressure curves and axial feed force curves of the control module according to the difference of the tube blank (4) and the die (2);
step 2, controlling an axial push rod to push the punch (3) to an initial position, sealing a first circular table (301) with the inner wall of the tube blank (4), contacting the end face of a second circular table (302) with the tube blank (4), then controlling a telescopic shaft (5) to extend out, contacting the telescopic shafts (5) of the punches (3) at two ends, and then controlling a hydraulic system (6) to pre-charge a hydraulic medium to the tube blank (4);
step 3, the control module controls the punch (3) to apply axial side thrust to the tube blank (4) according to a set axial feeding force curve, and the control module also controls the hydraulic system (6) to increase the internal pressure forming of the tube blank (4) according to a set pressure curve;
and 4, unloading the hydraulic system (6) after the tube blank is formed, and discharging the hydraulic medium in the tube blank (4) to a waste liquid barrel (65) by the control module through controlling the hydraulic pump (61) and the valve (63) to reversely load.
9. The method of claim 8, wherein in the step 3, the control module adjusts the preset axial feeding force through feedback of the displacement sensor and the thrust sensor during the application of the axial side thrust.
10. The method of claim 8, wherein in the step 3, the control module adjusts the preset axial feeding force by feedback of the pressure sensor during the internal pressure forming.
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