CN113225890B - Micro accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial and acceleration method thereof - Google Patents
Micro accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial and acceleration method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN113225890B CN113225890B CN202110497944.4A CN202110497944A CN113225890B CN 113225890 B CN113225890 B CN 113225890B CN 202110497944 A CN202110497944 A CN 202110497944A CN 113225890 B CN113225890 B CN 113225890B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H05H—PLASMA TECHNIQUE; PRODUCTION OF ACCELERATED ELECTRICALLY-CHARGED PARTICLES OR OF NEUTRONS; PRODUCTION OR ACCELERATION OF NEUTRAL MOLECULAR OR ATOMIC BEAMS
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Abstract
The invention discloses a micro accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial and an acceleration method thereof, the micro accelerator comprises an acceleration structure and a particle analysis structure, the acceleration structure comprises a protective shell, semiconductor lasers and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator, the two semiconductor lasers are arranged in total, the two semiconductor lasers are fixedly arranged at the edge of the inner wall of the protective shell, the intelligent metamaterial accelerator is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the intelligent protective shell, and the particle analysis structure comprises an electron beam emitter, an analysis magnetic field and an electron beam micro-channel imaging plate. The performance is greatly improved, the sparking problem in the traditional accelerating structure is solved through the ultra-structured medium laser acceleration, the accelerating gradient is improved to 1GeV/m level, a micro-photoelectric system is adopted for integration, the device occupying 1-10 square meters is reduced to 10-100 square centimeters, the weight is lower than 5KG, the size and the weight are greatly reduced, the use is more convenient, the design of an all-solid-state system is realized, the stability and the service life are greatly improved, the production can be realized on a large scale in a production line, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of nuclear science and accelerators, and particularly relates to a micro accelerator based on an intelligent metamaterial and an acceleration method thereof.
Background
The particle accelerator is widely applied in industries such as medical treatment, chip, advanced manufacturing, energy source, scientific research and the like, the particle accelerator is continuously developed to two fronts with higher energy and higher brightness from the advent of the particle accelerator, and in order to better realize the two targets, a new accelerating structure and a new accelerating principle are continuously developed, in the accelerating structure, along with the continuous rising of an accelerating gradient, the phenomenon of 'sparking' becomes more and more serious, and becomes one of main factors for limiting the realization of the high-gradient accelerating structure, if the characteristic size of the accelerating structure is reduced to the micron level, and charges required by sparking cannot be accumulated, so that the generation of sparking can be fundamentally stopped.
In recent years, development of accelerator structures has been advanced towards high frequency, from S-band (2-4 GHz) to C-band (4-8 GHz), X-band (8-12 GHz) and even 30GHz, along with the continuous rise of radio frequency and acceleration gradient, radio frequency breakdown phenomenon (commonly called "sparking" phenomenon) also becomes more serious, and becomes one of the main factors limiting realization of high gradient accelerating structures, the highest gradient of the current X-band multi-cavity traveling wave accelerating structure capable of running more stably is 120MV/m (252 ns pulse width), the highest stable acceleration gradient of the single-cavity standing wave structure capable of running more stably is about 160MV/m (160 ns pulse width), radio frequency breakdown is a very complex physical process, and is generally considered to be induced by field emission current of a cavity surface under high electric field intensity, a certain uneven point in the accelerating structure generates field emission, forms plasmas and damages metal surfaces, further promotes electron bursts, the electron bursts cause more metal pits and metal tips, promotes electron bursts, and finally forms avalanche, the highest stable acceleration gradient can be generated, the stability and the safety of the flame accelerator can cause serious flame, and the life of the accelerator can be prolonged.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at: the performance is greatly improved, the sparking problem in the traditional accelerating structure is solved through the ultra-structured medium laser acceleration, the accelerating gradient is improved to 1GeV/m level, a micro-photoelectric system is adopted for integration, the device occupying 1-10 square meters is reduced to 10-100 square centimeters, the weight is lower than 5KG, the size and the weight are greatly reduced, the use is more convenient, the design of an all-solid-state system is realized, the stability and the service life are greatly improved, the production can be realized on a large scale in a production line, and the cost is greatly reduced.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows: the micro accelerator based on the intelligent metamaterial comprises an acceleration structure and a particle analysis structure, wherein the acceleration structure comprises a protective shell, semiconductor lasers and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator, two semiconductor lasers are arranged in total, the two semiconductor lasers are fixedly arranged at the edge of the inner wall of the protective shell, and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the intelligent protective shell;
the particle analysis structure comprises an electron beam emitter, an analysis magnetic field and an electron beam micro-channel imaging plate, wherein the electron beam emitter is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell, the analysis magnetic field is fixedly arranged at the inner wall of the protective shell, and the electron beam micro-channel imaging plate is fixedly arranged at the center of the outer wall of the protective shell through a transmission hole.
Further, the intelligent metamaterial accelerator is located at the center of a space formed by the two semiconductor lasers, and the electron beam emitter and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator are located at the same axis.
Further, a radiator is fixedly arranged at the top of the outer wall of each semiconductor laser.
A micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial, characterized in that an acceleration method of the micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial according to any one of claims 1-3 is used, comprising the following steps:
step one, a semiconductor laser emits laser light to directly irradiate two sides of the outer wall of the intelligent metamaterial accelerator;
step two, starting an electron beam emitter to generate enough electron beams, and injecting the enough electron beams into the intelligent metamaterial accelerator;
step three, irradiating an intelligent metamaterial accelerator to accelerate electron beams;
and fourthly, accelerating electron beams to be injected into the analysis magnetic field, changing the direction of the electron beams under the action of Lorentz force generated by the analysis magnetic field, and finally targeting on the electron beam micro-channel imaging plate.
Furthermore, according to the operation step in the step one, the edge-emitting semiconductor laser comprises two high-power semiconductor laser structures of a single tube and a bar, the single tube beam combination of the semiconductor laser is a minimum optical module consisting of laser single tubes, the optical fiber output can be realized by direct beam combination, and the semiconductor laser realizes laser energy superposition on discrete space positions through optical elements.
Further, according to the operation in the first step, the electron beam generated by the electron beam emitter should be located at the center of the smart metamaterial accelerator.
Further, according to the operation in the first step, the smart metamaterial accelerator uses a dielectric as a main material, the interval between the dielectrics is 0.6 micron, and the total length of the dielectrics is 20 microns.
Further, according to the operation in the first step, the dielectric acceleration structure can bear pulse laser with pulse width of 2ps energy of 1J/cm2 energy, and the acceleration gradient exceeds 1GV/m.
Further, according to the operation step in the step one, the semiconductor laser linear array beam combination refers to a plurality of laser linear arrays packaged by conduction cooling or large-channel heat sink, and laser energy superposition at discrete spatial positions is realized through an optical element.
Furthermore, according to the operation step in the step one, the radiator combines conduction cooling, airflow cooling and large-channel water cooling, the electric connection between the laser linear arrays is isolated from cooling liquid, common purified water is used as cooling liquid, the collimated linear array light beams are not affected by heat sinking thickness, and the beam combining light spots are not overlapped in dark areas.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
according to the invention, the performance is greatly improved, the ignition problem in the traditional acceleration structure is solved through the laser acceleration of the super-structured medium, the acceleration gradient is improved to 1GeV/m level, the micro-photoelectric system is adopted for integration, the device occupying 1-10 square meters is reduced to 10-100 square centimeters, the weight is lower than 5KG, the size and the weight are greatly reduced, the use is more convenient, the design of the all-solid-state system is realized, the stability and the service life are greatly improved, and the large-scale production line production can be realized, and the cost is greatly reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a perspective view of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of an analytical magnetic field according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the relationship between the acceleration gradient of the present different band accelerator and the construction cost;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of accelerating ions by a laser medium accelerator according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the physical process of RF breakdown in the acceleration structure of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a scanning image of an acceleration cavity damage electron microscope brought by a spark in the S-band of the present invention.
The marks in the figure: 1. a protective shell; 2. a semiconductor laser; 3. a heat sink; 4. an intelligent metamaterial accelerator; 5. an electron beam emitter; 6. analyzing the magnetic field; 7. an electron beam microchannel imaging plate.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the drawings and examples, in order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Embodiment one, referring to fig. 1 to 7: the utility model provides a mini accelerator based on intelligence metamaterial, including accelerating structure and particle analysis structure, accelerating structure includes protective housing 1, semiconductor laser 2 and intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4, semiconductor laser 2 is provided with two altogether, two semiconductor laser 2 are fixed to be set up in the inner wall edge of protective housing 1, intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4 is fixed to be set up in the inner wall bottom department of intelligent protective housing 1, particle analysis structure includes electron beam emitter 5, analysis magnetic field 6 and electron beam microchannel imaging plate 7, electron beam emitter 5 is fixed to be set up in the inner wall bottom department of protective housing 1, analysis magnetic field 6 is fixed to be set up in the inner wall department of protective housing 1, electron beam microchannel imaging plate 7 is fixed through permeating the hole and is set up in the outer wall center department of protective housing 1, intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4 is in the space center department that two semiconductor laser 2 formed, electron beam emitter 5 and intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4 are in same axis department, the outer wall top of every semiconductor laser 2 all is fixed and is provided with radiator 3.
Embodiment two, refer to fig. 1 to 7: a smart metamaterial-based micro-accelerator using a smart metamaterial-based micro-accelerator accelerating method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, comprising the steps of: the first step, the semiconductor laser 2 emits laser light to directly irradiate two sides of the outer wall of the intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4, the second step, the electron beam emitter 5 is started to generate enough electron beams, the enough electron beams are injected into the intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4, the third step, the intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4 is irradiated to accelerate the electron beams, the fourth step, the accelerated electron beams are injected into the analysis magnetic field 6, the direction of the electron beams is changed under the action of Lorentz force generated by the analysis magnetic field 6, and finally the electron beams are targeted on the electron beam micro-channel imaging plate 7.
Embodiment three, refer to fig. 1 to 7: the emitting semiconductor laser 2 comprises a single tube and a bar, the single tube beam combination of the semiconductor laser 2 is a minimum optical module composed of laser single tubes, the optical fiber output can be realized by direct beam combination, the semiconductor laser 2 realizes laser energy superposition at discrete space positions through optical elements, the electron beam generated by the electron beam emitter 5 is positioned at the center of the intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4, the intelligent metamaterial accelerator 4 adopts dielectric as a main material, the interval of the dielectric is 0.6 micron, the total length of the dielectric is 20 microns, the dielectric accelerating structure can bear pulse laser with pulse width of 2ps energy of 1J/cm2 energy, the accelerating gradient exceeds 1GV/m, the semiconductor laser 2 is in linear array beam combination, which refers to a plurality of laser linear arrays packaged by conduction cooling or large-channel heat sinks, the system adopts an edge-emitting semiconductor laser, and comprises a single tube and a bar-bar two high-power semiconductor laser framework, the common wavelength of the product is about 800-1000nm, the energy conversion efficiency is more than 50%, the service life is more than 10 ten thousand hours, the single tube beam combination of the semiconductor laser is a minimum optical module consisting of laser single tubes, the optical fiber output can be realized by directly combining the beams, the single tube beam combination of the laser has the advantages that: the laser beam combining technology has the advantages that compared with a linear array and a stacked array, the laser beam combining technology has independent linear array light path, the system has simple and convenient adjustment, high precision, no tolerance accumulation problem, scattered heat source, conduction cooling or large-channel water cooling, low heat dissipation requirement, isolation of electric connection between linear arrays and cooling liquid, and thus common purified water as cooling liquid, and collimated linear array light beams without influence of heat sinking thickness, and no dark area superposition of beam combining light spots, but the volume of the linear array beam combining light source with the same power is obviously larger than that of the stacked array beam combining light source because the semiconductor laser linear array arrangement is more scattered, and the number of the linear arrays of the lasers participating in beam combining is generally not more than 50 in consideration of the total volume and the complexity of light paths, so the technology is suitable for application occasions with the output power of hundreds of watts to 3000W, and because the accelerator structure adopts artificial intelligent design, the system can support the light source layout based on the arrangement of the two lasers, the artificial intelligence is matched with a proper micro-nano structure to carry out modulation, so that different application requirements are met.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. The micro accelerator based on the intelligent metamaterial comprises an acceleration structure and a particle analysis structure, wherein the acceleration structure comprises a protective shell (1), semiconductor lasers (2) and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4), two semiconductor lasers (2) are arranged in total, the two semiconductor lasers (2) are fixedly arranged at the edge of the inner wall of the protective shell (1), and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the intelligent protective shell (1);
the particle analysis structure comprises an electron beam emitter (5), an analysis magnetic field (6) and an electron beam micro-channel imaging plate (7), wherein the electron beam emitter (5) is fixedly arranged at the bottom of the inner wall of the protective shell (1), the analysis magnetic field (6) is fixedly arranged at the inner wall of the protective shell (1), and the electron beam micro-channel imaging plate (7) is fixedly arranged at the center of the outer wall of the protective shell (1) through a transmission hole.
2. The smart metamaterial-based micro-accelerator of claim 1, wherein: the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4) is positioned at the center of a space formed by the two semiconductor lasers (2), and the electron beam emitter (5) and the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4) are positioned at the same axis.
3. The smart metamaterial-based micro-accelerator of claim 1, wherein: and a radiator (3) is fixedly arranged at the top of the outer wall of each semiconductor laser (2).
4. An acceleration method for acceleration using a smart metamaterial-based micro accelerator as claimed in any one of claims 1-3, comprising the steps of:
s1, emitting laser by a semiconductor laser (2) to directly irradiate two sides of the outer wall of an intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4);
s2, starting an electron beam emitter (5) to generate enough electron beams, and injecting the enough electron beams into the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4);
s3, irradiating an intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4) to accelerate electron beams;
s4, accelerating electron beams to be injected into the analysis magnetic field (6), changing the direction of the electron beams under the action of Lorentz force generated by the analysis magnetic field (6), and finally targeting on the electron beam micro-channel imaging plate (7).
5. The acceleration method for accelerating a micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in the step one, the side-emitting semiconductor laser (2) comprises two high-power semiconductor laser structures of a single tube and a bar, the single tube beam combination of the semiconductor laser (2) is a minimum optical module consisting of laser single tubes, the optical fiber output can be realized by direct beam combination, and the semiconductor laser (2) realizes laser energy superposition on discrete space positions through optical elements.
6. The acceleration method for accelerating a micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in the second step, the electron beam generated by the electron beam emitter (5) is located at the center of the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4).
7. The acceleration method for accelerating a micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in the second step, the intelligent metamaterial accelerator (4) adopts dielectrics as a main material, the interval of the dielectrics is 0.6 micron, and the total length of the dielectrics is 20 microns.
8. The acceleration method for accelerating a micro-accelerator based on intelligent meta-materials according to claim 7, comprising the steps of: the dielectric accelerating structure can bear pulse laser with pulse width of 2ps energy of 1J/cm2 energy, and the accelerating gradient exceeds 1GV/m.
9. The acceleration method for accelerating a micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in the step one, the semiconductor laser (2) linear array beam combination refers to a plurality of laser linear arrays packaged by conduction cooling or large-channel heat sink, and laser energy superposition at discrete space positions is realized through optical elements.
10. The acceleration method for accelerating a micro-accelerator based on intelligent metamaterial according to claim 4, comprising the following steps: according to the operation step in the step one, the radiator (3) combines conduction cooling, airflow cooling and large-channel water cooling, the electric connection between the laser linear arrays is isolated from cooling liquid, common purified water is used as cooling liquid, the collimated linear array light beams are not affected by heat sinking thickness, and the beam combining light spots are not overlapped in dark areas.
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| CN212115760U (en) * | 2020-06-10 | 2020-12-08 | 中国工程物理研究院应用电子学研究所 | X-ray source |
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- 2021-05-08 CN CN202110497944.4A patent/CN113225890B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103841744A (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2014-06-04 | 上海交通大学 | Laser wake field accelerator and method for generating high-light attosecond light pulses |
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