CN113224483A - Three-passband filter based on SLR structure - Google Patents

Three-passband filter based on SLR structure Download PDF

Info

Publication number
CN113224483A
CN113224483A CN202110310572.XA CN202110310572A CN113224483A CN 113224483 A CN113224483 A CN 113224483A CN 202110310572 A CN202110310572 A CN 202110310572A CN 113224483 A CN113224483 A CN 113224483A
Authority
CN
China
Prior art keywords
resonator
circuit branch
branch
short
passband
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN202110310572.XA
Other languages
Chinese (zh)
Inventor
李大为
吴钺洋
江小平
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
South Central Minzu University
Original Assignee
South Central University for Nationalities
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by South Central University for Nationalities filed Critical South Central University for Nationalities
Priority to CN202110310572.XA priority Critical patent/CN113224483A/en
Publication of CN113224483A publication Critical patent/CN113224483A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/203Strip line filters
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01PWAVEGUIDES; RESONATORS, LINES, OR OTHER DEVICES OF THE WAVEGUIDE TYPE
    • H01P1/00Auxiliary devices
    • H01P1/20Frequency-selective devices, e.g. filters
    • H01P1/201Filters for transverse electromagnetic waves
    • H01P1/203Strip line filters
    • H01P1/20309Strip line filters with dielectric resonator

Landscapes

  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Control Of Motors That Do Not Use Commutators (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of radio frequency transmission devices, and particularly relates to a microstrip three-passband filter. Two multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator units and two input and output feeder lines are arranged on the front surface of the microstrip substrate. The multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator consists of a common half-wavelength resonator, an open-circuit branch and a short-circuit branch, wherein the open-circuit branch is loaded at the symmetrical line of the half-wavelength resonator, and the short-circuit branch is loaded at the asymmetrical line of the half-wavelength resonator. After the two multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator units are folded, the filter is formed by electric coupling. The frequencies of the first, second and third pass bands of the filter are respectively influenced by the lengths of the short-circuit branch, the half-wavelength resonator and the open-circuit branch. The invention solves the defects of difficult passband frequency adjustment and large insertion loss of the traditional three-passband filter based on the asymmetric branch loading resonator.

Description

Three-passband filter based on SLR structure
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of radio frequency transmission devices, and particularly relates to a microstrip three-passband filter.
Background
With the rapid development of modern communication technology and internet technology, more and more wireless communication technologies are widely applied in people's work and life, such as Worldwide Interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) frequency band, indoor Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) frequency band, Bluetooth (Bluetooth) frequency band, Global Positioning System (GPS) frequency band, 4G and 5G mobile communication technology frequency band, and so on. Due to the demand of modern communication, a communication terminal often meets a plurality of communication systems at the same time, so that the requirements on equipment of a system circuit, integration, reliability and the like are higher and higher. In a wireless communication system, a filter in a radio frequency front end is an important component, and the characteristics of the filter play an important role in the whole communication transceiving system.
The filter is used for filtering system noise and interference of other channel signals to the maximum extent, and the quality of the performance of the filter directly influences the stability and performance indexes of the whole wireless communication system. How to make a high-efficiency communication system fully utilize limited spectrum resources and work in multiple protocol modes has become one of the key problems to be solved in the communication field. However, the traditional single-passband filter is only suitable for a single frequency band and cannot meet the requirements of modern communication technology. The multi-passband filter and the miniaturization of the filter are deeply researched, the integration is facilitated, the cost is low, and the like, and the method has important significance.
The filter has various types, can be realized in different modes such as a coaxial cavity, a waveguide, a medium, ceramics, a microstrip line and the like, and also comprises a surface acoustic wave filter designed by a piezoelectric substrate material and a bulk acoustic wave filter designed by utilizing a quartz crystal. The microstrip filter has the advantages of simple structure, easy processing, low cost, small size, easy integration and the like, and is widely applied to a microwave radio frequency system.
The first one is a multi-resonator method, and a plurality of resonators with different resonant frequencies are reasonably arranged to resonate at a designed frequency, so that the required multi-passband filter is obtained. The main advantages of this design method are small insertion loss, small in-band fluctuation and high out-of-band rejection, but at the expense of size, the final result is large size and inconvenient miniaturization.
The second method is a method of designing a multi-passband filter based on a multi-section Stepped Impedance Resonator (SIR). However, the filter size is large and the out-of-band rejection degree is not high due to the pure utilization of three segments of SIR, and the design of the three segments of SIR is somewhat complicated, which is not beneficial to analyzing the resonance characteristics of the filter.
A third approach to designing multi-passband filters is to use Stub Loaded Resonators (SLRs), the resonant frequency of such filters being generated by odd-even mode resonance, with the advantage that the electrical length of the loaded stub only affects the even mode resonant frequency, independently of the odd mode resonant frequency. Compared with the SIR structure, the filter designed by the method has the advantages that the resonance frequency is controllable, but the size is larger, and the high-order harmonic wave of the SLR structure is utilized to design the three-band filter, so that the filter has the defects of complicated design, difficulty in analysis and small frequency adjusting range. Three-passband filters were obtained by asymmetrically Stub-Loaded Resonators in the literature (s. -w.lan, m. -h.weng, s. -j.chang, c. -y.hung.and s. -k.lium, a Tri-Band pass Filter With Wide stop and Using Asymmetric Stub-Loaded detectors, IEEE micro.wire company.let., vol.25, No.1, pp.19-21, jan.2015), but the passband frequencies were not easily adjustable and the circuit size was large.
The three-passband filter is designed by utilizing the branch loading resonators or the asymmetric branch loading resonators, and is generated through the harmonic characteristics of the three-passband filter, so that the frequency adjustment is difficult, a certain parameter is changed independently sometimes, the three passbands are changed along with the change of the certain parameter, and in addition, the defect that the harmonic characteristic analysis is difficult is also caused.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a three-passband filter based on an SLR structure, the passband frequency of the three-passband filter is flexibly adjustable within a certain range, and the three-passband filter has low insertion loss and small volume.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows: a three-passband filter based on an SLR structure comprises a microstrip substrate, wherein a first input/output feeder line, a second input/output feeder line, a first multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator unit and a second multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator unit are arranged on the front side of the microstrip substrate, the first multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator unit and the first input/output feeder line are distributed in a central symmetrical mode relative to the second multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator unit and the second input/output feeder line, and the second multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator unit and the first multi-branch asymmetrical loading resonator unit are the same in structure, and the three-passband filter is characterized in that: the first asymmetrically loaded resonator unit 7 includes a first half-wavelength resonator, a first open-circuit stub loaded on the symmetric line of the first half-wavelength resonator, and a first short-circuit stub loaded on the asymmetric line of the first half-wavelength resonator.
The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure is characterized in that: the first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit is folded into a C shape, the tail ends of the two ends of the first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit are folded into an S shape, and the first open-circuit branch is folded into an L shape.
The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure is characterized in that: the first open-circuit branch and the first short-circuit branch are loaded inside the C-shaped half-wavelength resonator after being folded.
The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure is characterized in that: and after folding, the first open-circuit branch is bent to one side of the C-shaped half-wavelength resonator which is not loaded with the first short-circuit branch.
The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure is characterized in that: the first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit and the second multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit are electrically coupled to form a filter.
The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure is characterized in that: the first input/output feeder line and the second input/output feeder line are placed in a zero-degree feeding mode, the loading position of the first input/output feeder line is arranged on the other side of the first short-circuit branch of the first half-wavelength resonator, and the loading position of the second input/output feeder line is arranged on the other side of the second short-circuit branch of the second half-wavelength resonator.
The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure is characterized in that: the back part of the microstrip substrate is a grounding metal plate.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the three-passband filter is designed by utilizing the branch loading resonators or the asymmetric branch loading resonators, and is generated through the harmonic characteristics of the three-passband filter, so that the frequency adjustment is difficult, a certain parameter is changed independently sometimes, the three passbands are changed along with the change of the certain parameter, and in addition, the defect that the harmonic characteristic analysis is difficult is also caused. The multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator can be regarded as a set of a short-circuit branch asymmetric loading resonator and an open-circuit branch symmetric loading resonator, and the two resonators share one half-wavelength resonator. A three-passband filter is decomposed into two dual-passband filters, the design is simpler, and the analysis of factors influencing the passband frequency of the filter is more visual. Meanwhile, certain branches of the filter are folded to a certain extent, so that the circuit area of the filter can be reduced, and the miniaturization is facilitated.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the remarkable characteristics that: 1) the three-passband filter realized by the SLR structure has low insertion loss and good in-band selection performance; 2) the frequencies of the first, second and third pass bands of the three-pass band filter are respectively mainly influenced by the lengths of the short-circuit branch, the half-wavelength resonator and the open-circuit branch, and can be flexibly adjusted within a certain range; 3) the bandwidth of the passband can be adjusted by changing the physical width of the minor matters; 4) the three-passband filter has a simple structure, realizes miniaturization, and is easy to process.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a multi-branch asymmetrically loaded resonator unit in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic front view of a three-passband filter based on the SLR structure of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simulation curve of the frequency response of the three-passband filter based on the SLR structure of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a frequency response simulation curve of the present invention as the length of the open-circuit stub of the multi-stub asymmetrically loaded resonator varies.
Description of reference numerals: the device comprises a first half-wavelength resonator 1, a second half-wavelength resonator 2, a first open-circuit branch 3, a second open-circuit branch 4, a first short-circuit branch 5, a second short-circuit branch 6, a first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit 7, a second multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit 8, a first input/output feeder line 9 and a second input/output feeder line 10.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by combining the attached drawings.
As shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2, the three-passband filter based on the SLR structure of the present invention includes a microstrip substrate, the back side of the microstrip substrate is used as a grounding metal plate, the front side of the microstrip substrate is provided with a first input/output feeder 9, a second input/output feeder 10, a first multi-stub asymmetrically loaded resonator unit 7, and a second multi-stub asymmetrically loaded resonator unit 8, and the first asymmetrically loaded resonator unit 7 and the first input/output feeder 9 are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner with respect to the second multi-stub asymmetrically loaded resonator unit 8 and the second input/output feeder 10.
As shown in fig. 2, the first asymmetrically loaded resonator unit 7 of the present invention includes a first half-wavelength resonator 1, a first open stub 3 and a first short stub 5, wherein the first open stub 3 is loaded at the symmetrical line of the first half-wavelength resonator 1, and the first short stub 5 is loaded at the asymmetrical line of the first half-wavelength resonator 1.
The first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit 7 is folded into a C shape, the two ends of the first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit are folded into an S shape, and the first open-circuit branch 3 is folded into an L shape. The first open-circuit branch 3 and the first short-circuit branch 5 are loaded in the C-shaped half-wavelength resonator. The first open-circuit stub 3 is bent to the side of the C-shaped half-wavelength resonator to which the first short-circuit stub 5 is not applied. The first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit 7 and the second multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit 8 are electrically coupled to form a filter and are distributed in a centrosymmetric manner.
The first input/output feeder 9 and the second input/output feeder 10 are placed in a zero-degree feeding mode, and the loading position of the first input/output feeder 9 is arranged on the other side of the first short-circuit branch 5 of the first half-wavelength resonator 1.
The multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator can be regarded as a set of a short-circuit branch asymmetric loading resonator and an open-circuit branch symmetric loading resonator, and the two resonators share one half-wavelength resonator. A three-passband filter is decomposed into two dual-passband filters, the design is simpler, and the analysis of factors influencing the passband frequency of the filter is more visual. Meanwhile, certain branches of the filter are folded to a certain extent, so that the circuit area of the filter can be reduced, and the miniaturization is facilitated.
In embodiment 1 of the present invention, the third passband frequency of the three-passband filter is near 5.25GHz, and is mainly generated by an open-circuit stub in the multi-stub asymmetric loading resonance unit, and the physical length of the open-circuit stub is adjusted to move the position of the third passband, so that the physical length of the open-circuit stub is reduced to move the third passband frequency in a direction greater than 5.25GHz, and the frequencies of the first and second passbands are not changed. The first passband frequency of the three-passband filter is near 2.45GHz and is mainly generated by a short-circuit branch in the multi-branch asymmetric loading resonance unit, and the second passband frequency is near 3.5GHz and is mainly generated by a half-wavelength resonator in the multi-branch asymmetric loading resonance unit. In the same way, the physical length of the short-circuit branch knot is changed, so that the frequencies of the first passband and the second passband can be adjusted, and the frequency of the third passband cannot be influenced.
The first passband of the filter is mainly affected by the length of the short-circuit branch, the second passband frequency is mainly affected by the physical length of the half-wavelength resonator, and the third passband is mainly affected by the length of the open-circuit branch. The width of the short-circuit branch is adjusted, so that the bandwidth of the first and second pass bands can be changed, and the selectivity of the filter is improved.
The figure of merit, f, can be calculated according to the following formula0Is the center frequency, BW3dBIs a 3dB bandwidth, with higher Q values representing greater selectivity for the passband. Where the center frequency of the third pass band is 5.25GHz and the 3dB bandwidth is 0.29GHz, the Q value is 18.1.
Figure BDA0002989515720000051
As an experimental scheme, the dielectric constant of the microstrip substrate is 3.66, the thickness is 0.762mm, and the loss tangent is 0.0037.
The beneficial effects of the invention can be further illustrated by the following simulation experiment:
experiment one: simulating the frequency response characteristic of the three-passband filter based on the SLR structure by using high-frequency simulation software Ansoft HFSS 15.0, wherein the frequency characteristic comprises the following steps: an S21 (insertion loss) parameter and an S11 (return loss) parameter.
As shown in fig. 3, the frequency characteristics include: an S21 (insertion loss) parameter and an S11 (return loss) parameter.
The abscissa represents the frequency component in GHz and the left ordinate represents the amplitude variation in dB. As can be seen from FIG. 3, there are three pass bands at frequencies of 2.4GHz, 3.5GHz and 5.2GHz, the insertion loss is less than 2dB, and the return loss is greater than 15 dB. And two transmission zeros are arranged at the frequencies of 2.8GHz and 3.9GHz, so that the filter has good selectivity.
Experiment two: simulating the frequency response characteristics of the three-passband filter with different open-circuit branch lengths by using high-frequency simulation software Ansoft HFSS 15.0, wherein the frequency characteristics comprise: s21 (insertion loss) parameter.
As shown in fig. 4, the frequency characteristics include: s21 (insertion loss) parameter. The abscissa represents the frequency component in GHz and the left ordinate represents the amplitude variation in dB. As can be seen from fig. 4, the frequency of the third pass band can be changed by adjusting the length of the open stub.

Claims (7)

1. The utility model provides a three passband filter based on SLR structure, including the microstrip base plate, microstrip base plate front portion has first input/output feeder (9), second input/output feeder (10), first many branches of asymmetric loading resonator unit (7), second many branches of asymmetric loading resonator unit (8), first many branches of asymmetric loading resonator unit (7), first input/output feeder (9) are central symmetry distribution for second many branches of asymmetric loading resonator unit (8) and second input/output feeder (10), second many branches of asymmetric loading resonator unit (8) and first many branches of asymmetric loading resonator unit (7) the same structure, its characterized in that: the first asymmetric loading resonator unit 7 comprises a first half-wavelength resonator (1), a first open-circuit branch (3) and a first short-circuit branch (5), wherein the first open-circuit branch (3) is loaded at the symmetrical line of the first half-wavelength resonator (1), and the first short-circuit branch (5) is loaded at the asymmetrical line of the first half-wavelength resonator (1).
2. The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the first multi-branch asymmetric loading resonator unit (7) is folded into a C shape, the two ends are folded into an S shape, and the first open-circuit branch (3) is folded into an L shape.
3. The three-passband filter based on the SLR structure of claim 2, wherein: the first open-circuit branch (3) and the first short-circuit branch (5) are folded and loaded in the C-shaped half-wavelength resonator.
4. A three-passband filter based on an SLR structure as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein: after folding, the first open-circuit branch (3) is bent towards one side of the C-shaped half-wavelength resonator which is not loaded with the first short-circuit branch (5).
5. A three-passband filter based on an SLR structure as claimed in claim 2 or claim 3, wherein: the first multi-branched asymmetrically loaded resonator unit (7) and the second multi-branched asymmetrically loaded resonator unit (8) are electrically coupled into a filter.
6. A three-passband filter based on an SLR structure as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the first input/output feeder line (9) and the second input/output feeder line (10) are placed in a zero-degree feeding mode, the loading position of the first input/output feeder line (9) is located on the other side of the first short-circuit branch (5) of the first half-wavelength resonator (1), and the loading position of the second input/output feeder line (10) is located on the other side of the second short-circuit branch (6) of the second half-wavelength resonator (2).
7. A three-passband filter based on an SLR structure as claimed in claim 1 or claim 2, wherein: the back part of the microstrip substrate is a grounding metal plate.
CN202110310572.XA 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Three-passband filter based on SLR structure Pending CN113224483A (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110310572.XA CN113224483A (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Three-passband filter based on SLR structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CN202110310572.XA CN113224483A (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Three-passband filter based on SLR structure

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
CN113224483A true CN113224483A (en) 2021-08-06

Family

ID=77083938

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
CN202110310572.XA Pending CN113224483A (en) 2021-03-23 2021-03-23 Three-passband filter based on SLR structure

Country Status (1)

Country Link
CN (1) CN113224483A (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114824701A (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-29 中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所 Double-frequency filter
CN114915276A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-08-16 西南交通大学 Amplitude limiting filtering structure for radio frequency front end electromagnetic protection

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102637931A (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-08-15 南通大学 Microwave three-passband bandpass filter
CN103326090A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-09-25 华东交通大学 Tee joint band high-temperature superconducting filter
CN106602185A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-04-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 Dual-bandpass filter based on nonsymmetric short circuit stub loaded resonator

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102637931A (en) * 2012-04-18 2012-08-15 南通大学 Microwave three-passband bandpass filter
CN103326090A (en) * 2013-05-22 2013-09-25 华东交通大学 Tee joint band high-temperature superconducting filter
CN106602185A (en) * 2016-12-07 2017-04-26 中国船舶重工集团公司第七〇九研究所 Dual-bandpass filter based on nonsymmetric short circuit stub loaded resonator

Non-Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
MANIMALA PAL等: "A Distinctive Resonance:Multiband Bandpass Filter Design Techniques Using Multimode Resonators", 《IEEE MICROWAVE MAGAZINE》 *
MOHAMMED FADHEL HASAN等: "Compact Dual-band Microstrip Band Pass Filter Design Based on Stub Loaded Resonator for Wireless Applications", 《2017 PROGRESS IN ELECTROMAGNETICS RESEARCH SYMPOSIUM — SPRING (PIERS)》 *

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN114824701A (en) * 2022-04-20 2022-07-29 中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所 Double-frequency filter
CN114824701B (en) * 2022-04-20 2024-01-19 中国电子科技集团公司第三十六研究所 Dual-frequency filter
CN114915276A (en) * 2022-05-11 2022-08-16 西南交通大学 Amplitude limiting filtering structure for radio frequency front end electromagnetic protection
CN114915276B (en) * 2022-05-11 2023-11-10 西南交通大学 Amplitude limiting filter structure for electromagnetic protection of radio frequency front end

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
CN110034361B (en) Miniaturized ultra-wideband filtering power division feed network for 5G communication and design method thereof
CN112332054B (en) Dual-passband band-pass filter based on asymmetric coupling line
CN109755703B (en) Differential dual-frequency band-pass filter with high selectivity
CN110137643B (en) Large-frequency-ratio coaxial cavity dual-frequency filter with controllable bandwidth
CN113224483A (en) Three-passband filter based on SLR structure
CN102610879A (en) Double-frequency band-pass filter
Keshavarz et al. Low profile metamaterial band-pass filter loaded with 4-turn complementary spiral resonator for WPT applications
CN208385587U (en) A kind of small-sized three band-pass filter with eight transmission zeros
CN106848507A (en) Double-band-pass microstrip filter based on combination resonator
CN112768854B (en) High-selectivity differential dual-passband microstrip filter based on stepped impedance resonator
CN111403861B (en) UIR loaded three-order dual-passband substrate integrated waveguide filter
CN112072242A (en) Filter structure and filter
CN202523822U (en) Double-frequency band pass filter
CN109728388B (en) High-selectivity electrically-tunable coaxial filter with constant absolute bandwidth
CN111293390A (en) UIR loaded three-order dual-passband substrate integrated waveguide filter
CN212434808U (en) Filter structure and filter
CN211578932U (en) T-type loaded dual-passband microstrip filter
CN202084620U (en) Novel band stop structure combiner
CN112310583B (en) T-shaped dual-mode resonator-based three-passband filter
Xia et al. Dual-band bandpass filters using SIRs with open-stub line and zero-degree feed structure
King et al. A microstrip diplexer using folded hairpins
Zhou et al. Isosceles triangular cavity based dual-band SIW filters for 5G millimeter-wave systems
CN114639930B (en) High passband isolation's dual-passband filter
CN211238454U (en) UIR loaded three-order dual-passband substrate integrated waveguide filter
CN212323180U (en) Communication device and filter thereof

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
PB01 Publication
PB01 Publication
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
SE01 Entry into force of request for substantive examination
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication
WD01 Invention patent application deemed withdrawn after publication

Application publication date: 20210806