CN113218324A - Movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform and acquisition method thereof - Google Patents
Movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform and acquisition method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of image data acquisition, and relates to a movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform and an acquisition method thereof, which solve the problem of incomplete acquisition of cultural relic image data, and the invention provides a technical scheme, which comprises a rack, a storage platform, image acquisition equipment and a control system, wherein the storage platform is arranged on the rack, the storage platform is used for bearing an object to be detected and driving the object to be detected to rotate, the image acquisition equipment is used for acquiring images of all angles of the object to be detected, and the control system is respectively connected with the storage platform and the image acquisition equipment, and is used for: aiming at the specific articles which cannot be acquired by using the traditional three-dimensional scanning technology and are particularly vulnerable, the texture and the size precision of the cultural relics are accurately copied by the 720-degree three-dimensional data acquisition of the platform, so that the cognitive perception of sense organs can be met, the cultural relics can be directly used as samples researched by professionals, and the aims of accurate copying and permanent recording are fulfilled.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of image data acquisition, and particularly relates to a movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform and an acquisition method thereof.
Background
The digital recording of cultural relics has very important significance. In the aspect of cultural relic protection, for a large number of cultural relics which are subjected to corrosion and oxidation, the original appearance of the cultural relics can be kept on a computer as far as possible at the present stage. In the aspects of appreciation and research, scholars, enthusiasts and collectives can conveniently and quickly view and research cultural relics at any place and any time through the network without damaging the cultural relics. At present, the digital recording and displaying forms of cultural relics are mainly the following three forms:
first, a planar picture display form, which can only display a still picture on one side of a photographed cultural relic, can only provide an image at a certain angle of a scene, even if a wide-angle lens is used, the scene cannot be effectively and comprehensively displayed in a 360-degree all-around manner, and is not three-dimensional, so that the observation is inconvenient.
Secondly, although the dynamic video display mode and the low resolution ratio can enable the user to comprehensively know the scene, the visual angle of the image is still limited, and the functions of enlarging, reducing and freely switching the visual angle are not provided, the watching mode depends on the shooting mode of a photographer, and the video is fixedly arranged by a producer of the video, so that the user passively accepts the video and is not free.
And thirdly, a three-dimensional modeling display form generally adopts a three-dimensional imaging technology with relatively low precision, does not have accurate record on the texture, texture and size precision of an article, can only meet the perception of sense, cannot acquire liquid, black, too small, high-light intensity, high-light reflection, high transparency, hollowness, precise or fine gaps and the like by using the traditional three-dimensional scanning technology, and has double losses on material attribute dimension and representation precision when actually obtaining the precision of a three-dimensional model, so that the aim of accurate copying cannot be achieved.
To solve the problems in the prior art, through retrieval, chinese patent with publication number CN205726052U discloses a three-dimensional data acquisition and shooting integrated device for cultural relic protection, which adopts the latest technology of cultural relic data acquisition to adopt 360-degree panoramic photography, and is a three-dimensional image technology formed by using a digital camera to perform multi-angle panoramic shooting on the existing scene and then performing later-stage splicing, and comprises: the object placing platform, the rotary table arranged on the object placing platform, the tray arranged on the rotary table and used for placing the collected objects and the data collectors used for collecting data of the back collected objects, wherein the data collectors face the collected objects and are arranged along an arc, all-dimensional data of the collected objects are obtained to the maximum extent through the cooperation of the self-transmission platform and the data collectors, and the data are processed into a three-dimensional image model capable of being amplified and reduced in a later period.
However, the device has the following disadvantages: 1) an included angle between the collecting device and the tested cultural relic is 0-90 degrees, the relative position cannot be adjusted, data collection cannot be carried out on the image at the lower part of the cultural relic, and data collection without dead angles of 720 degrees cannot be achieved; 2) the relative distance between the self-rotating platform and the collecting device is fixed, and the distance between the collecting device and the cultural relic can influence the measuring precision of the cultural relic with different volumes and different profiles; 3) the total number of 6 data collectors is 15 degrees at intervals, the collected data volume of the cultural relics is too small, and the accuracy of the final result is also influenced by 4) the acquisition of the images of the liquid, black, too small, highlight strong, highly reflective, highly transparent, hollowed-out objects with precise or fine gaps, and the dual loss of the material attribute dimension and the representation accuracy of the objects can not be achieved.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform, which aims to: aiming at museum collection cultural relics and valuable articles, especially vulnerable specific articles, the texture and the size precision of the cultural relics are accurately copied through the 720-degree three-dimensional data acquisition of the platform, so that the cognitive perception of the senses can be satisfied, the cultural relics can be directly used as samples researched by professionals, and the purposes of accurate copying and permanent recording are achieved.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the utility model provides a portable historical relic time domain data acquisition platform, a serial communication port, including frame, platform, image acquisition equipment and control system, platform sets up in the frame, and platform is used for bearing the object that awaits measuring to it is rotatory to drive the object that awaits measuring, image acquisition equipment is used for carrying out image acquisition to each angle of the object that awaits measuring, control system is connected with platform and image acquisition equipment respectively.
The object placing platform is provided with a transparent rotating disk, an object to be detected is placed on the rotating disk, the image acquisition equipment is connected with a driving arm, and the driving arm is used for adjusting the relative position of the image acquisition equipment and the object to be detected and carrying out all-dimensional image acquisition on the object to be detected.
By adopting the technical scheme, the cultural relics are placed on the transparent rotating disc, the rotating disc can drive the cultural relics to rotate 360 degrees on the horizontal plane, the image acquisition equipment can acquire 360-degree dead-angle-free images of the cultural relics on the horizontal plane, the image acquisition equipment is arranged on the driving arm, the driving arm can drive the image acquisition equipment to swing on the vertical plane, the control system controls the rotating disc and the driving arm, the relative acquisition angles of the cultural relics and the camera are continuously adjusted, the comprehensive dead-angle-free image data acquisition of the cultural relics can be realized, the image data of each angle and direction of the cultural relics are acquired, the image data are subsequently synthesized and processed by professional software, the three-dimensional regeneration is accurately carried out, and the cultural relics are placed on the objects which are liquid, black, too small, high in highlight intensity, high in reflection, high in transparency, hollow, precise or fine gaps, The texture, the texture and the size precision are accurately copied, loss of material attribute dimension and representation precision is avoided, the material attribute dimension and the representation precision can not only meet the perception of sense, but also can be directly used as a sample for research of professionals, and the purposes of accurate copying and permanent recording are achieved.
Preferably, the object placing platform further comprises a first motor, the first motor is connected with a speed reducer, a transmission assembly is arranged between the speed reducer and the rotating disk, and the first motor drives the rotating disk to rotate on the horizontal plane through the transmission assembly.
Preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a gear outer ring, the gear outer ring is in meshed connection with an output shaft of the speed reducer, the rotating disc is fixedly arranged in the gear outer ring, and the first motor drives the gear outer ring to rotate, so that the rotating disc is driven to rotate on the horizontal plane by 360 degrees. By adopting the preferred technical scheme, the outer ring of the driving gear rotates on the horizontal plane in a mode that the output shaft of the first motor is meshed with the outer ring of the gear, and the outer ring of the gear drives the rotating disk to rotate, so that cultural relics on the rotating disk can rotate 360 degrees on the horizontal plane
Further preferably, the transmission assembly comprises a guide wheel and a belt, the belt is tensioned and sleeved on the output shaft of the speed reducer and the guide wheel, the edge of the rotating disc is tightly attached to the belt, and the first motor drives the belt to move so as to drive the rotating disc to rotate on the horizontal plane for 360 degrees. By adopting the preferred technical scheme, the rotating disc is driven to rotate in a mode that the belt is driven by the output shaft of the first motor to move, so that cultural relics on the rotating disc can rotate 360 degrees on the horizontal plane
Preferably, a case is further arranged on one side of the rack, a rotating shaft and a first limiting device are arranged on the case in the horizontal direction, the rotating shaft and the driving arm are perpendicular to each other and are fixedly connected, a second motor and a speed reducer are arranged in the case, an output shaft of the second motor is connected with the rotating shaft through the speed reducer, and the first limiting device is two induction limiting devices arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the rotating shaft. Adopt this preferred technical scheme, through be provided with the reduction gear between the rotation axis at second motor output shaft and actuating arm, reduce the output rotational speed of second motor, can make the turned angle of actuating arm adjust more accurately, through the vertical response stopper that is provided with in both sides about the rotation axis, when the actuating arm is rotatory to vertical ground from horizontal position, the actuating arm contacts with the response stopper, control system control second motor outage is shut down, can guarantee that the actuating arm is 0 ~ 180 at vertical plane swing angle.
Preferably, the lower part of the storage platform is further provided with a lifting mechanism, the lifting mechanism comprises two third motors and a lifting rod, the two third motors are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rack, an output shaft of the third motor is connected with a spiral lifter, and the spiral lifter drives the lifting rod to reciprocate in the vertical direction, so that the height of the storage platform is adjusted.
Further preferably, be provided with slide rail and lead screw on the actuating arm, lead screw one end is provided with the fourth motor, and the fourth motor is connected with planetary reducer, and planetary reducer passes through the belt with the lead screw and is connected, be provided with the linking arm that is used for fixed image acquisition equipment on the actuating arm, the linking arm cover establish on the lead screw and with slide rail sliding connection, be provided with second stop device on the slide rail, second stop device is two response limiters that distribute at the slide rail both ends.
Adopt two above-mentioned preferred technical scheme, the height of the adjustable platform of elevating system, the linking arm that fourth motor can drive to install image acquisition equipment slides on the slide rail, adjust the position of linking arm on the slide rail, to the volume difference, during the historical relic of different profiles, through the height of adjusting its platform of putting and camera and platform of putting's distance, the realization is to the accurate shooting of the complicated profile of historical relic, guarantee to the historical relic of difference, all reach the high definition, the image acquisition of high accuracy, mode drive through the lead screw, can realize the accurate regulation to the camera position, through being provided with second stop device, prevent that the linking arm from moving inwards and leading to producing to interfere or be connected than outwards removing and leading to its derailment with platform of putting.
Preferably, the connecting arm end is provided with the fixed frame that is used for fixed image acquisition equipment, and fixed frame is provided with cooling device all around, cooling device is provided with the gas pocket including setting up the metal sheet on fixed frame on the metal sheet, and the gas pocket has the compressed cold air through cold air trachea intercommunication. Adopt this preferred technical scheme, the camera is long-time incessantly shoots and can produce a large amount of heats, the heat on camera surface is dispelled through the cooling device who sets up, guarantee that the camera normally works under suitable temperature, guarantee the quality of taking the picture, the metal sheet heat conductivity is good, it dispels the heat fast to have the heat absorption, it is good to the radiating effect of camera, still be provided with the cold air duct on the metal sheet, the cold air duct intercommunication has compressed cold air, compare in all the other cooling methods, adopt the air-cooled mode, under the prerequisite that does not influence the normal work of camera, heat on the acceleration metal sheet that can the at utmost volatilizees.
Preferably, the control system is a PLC controller, and the first motor, the second motor, the third motor and the fourth motor are all connected with the PLC controller. Adopt this preferred technical scheme, servo motor and PLC controller have the characteristic of accurate control, guarantee device revolving turret rotation angle, the thing platform height, actuating arm rotation angle, the regulation precision of camera position on the slide rail.
Preferably, a light source is further arranged on the object placing platform, and the light source is a light emitting diode light source arranged at four ends of the object placing platform or an external LED photographic lamp arranged outside. By adopting the preferable technical scheme, a good light environment is provided for the collection of the cultural relic image by adjusting different illumination intensity and angles of the light source, so that no light dead angle and shadow exist in the image shooting process, and the texture and the definition of the image are improved.
Preferably, the bottom of the rack is provided with a universal wheel, and the universal wheel is provided with a brake device. Adopt this preferred technical scheme, through being provided with the universal wheel, promote whole device and transport the convenience, be provided with brake equipment on the universal wheel, fixed universal wheel prevents that the device from removing at will when fixed.
Preferably, the device is arranged in a dust-free space, because the acquisition precision of the device reaches the micron level, or the nano level can be achieved by putting higher precision image acquisition equipment, if the device is not arranged in the dust-free space, dust on the surface of a cultural relic can be acquired together during image acquisition, and the texture and the observation effect of the whole image are influenced.
Preferably, the image acquisition equipment is a special camera with the model numbers of Phase One IQ 4150 MP and Phase One IXH 150MP, the resolution ratio reaches 1.5 hundred million level pixels, and the image display degree is still clear after the image is amplified by multiple times.
A collection method of a movable cultural relic time domain data collection platform comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing the cultural relics in the middle of the rotating disc;
step 2: adjusting the height of the object placing platform and the distance between the camera and the object to be measured according to the size of the cultural relic;
and step 3: photometry, wherein the illumination angle and intensity are arranged according to the material and shape of the cultural relic, so that the illumination uniformity of each part of the object to be measured is ensured;
and 4, step 4: setting parameters of focal point stacking of the cultural relics by the camera;
and 5: setting the rotation parameters of the object placing platform;
step 6: setting the swinging parameters of the driving arm;
and 7: adjusting the relative shooting angles of the camera and the cultural relic according to preset parameters, and acquiring images of a plurality of focal planes at each shooting angle;
and 8: and processing the data acquired by the camera.
By adopting the technical scheme, the data of each angle of the cultural relics are acquired by adjusting the relative acquisition angle of the camera and the cultural relics, the image data of different focal planes at the same angle are acquired by the acquisition method of focal stacking, the image data of different focal planes are overlapped at the later stage, the acquired images have no virtual part, each point of the images at each angle is clear, nearly hundred thousand image data of each angle and direction of the cultural relics are subjected to image synthesis and data processing after the acquisition is finished, the three-dimensional regeneration is accurately carried out, the texture, the size precision of the cultural relics are accurately copied, and the cultural relics can be 1: 1, the precision can reach the nanometer level and exceed the resolution limit of human naked eyes, and even dust attached to the surface of an object can be clearly observed and far exceeds the existing 3D scanning technology.
In summary, due to the adoption of the technical scheme, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. through constantly adjusting the relative shooting angle of historical relic and special camera, can realize carrying out all-round no dead angle image data acquisition to the historical relic, acquire the image data of each angle of article, position, follow-up carry out image synthesis and data processing to its image data by professional software, accurately carry out three-dimensional regeneration, to liquid, black, too little, highlight is strong, high reflection of light, high transparency, fretwork, the object that has accurate or slight gap, make avoid to its loss on material attribute dimension and the representation precision, make it not only can satisfy the cognition of sense organ, more can directly regard as the sample that professional researched, reach accurate duplication, the purpose of permanent record.
2. Through the mode of first motor output shaft and gear outer lane meshing, the drive gear outer lane is rotatory on the horizontal plane, and the gear outer lane drives the rotation disk again and rotates to the historical relic that realizes making on the rotation disk can rotate 360 on the horizontal plane.
3. The rotating disc is driven to rotate by the way that the belt is driven by the output shaft of the first motor to move, so that cultural relics on the rotating disc can rotate 360 degrees on the horizontal plane
4. Through being provided with the reduction gear between the rotation axis at second motor output shaft and actuating arm, reduce the output rotational speed of second motor, can make the turned angle of actuating arm adjust more accurately, through the vertical response stopper that is provided with in both sides about the rotation axis, when the actuating arm is rotatory to vertical ground from horizontal position, actuating arm and response stopper contact, control system control second motor outage is shut down, can guarantee that the actuating arm is 0 ~ 180 at vertical plane swing angle.
5. The height of the adjustable object placing platform of elevating system, the linking arm that the fourth motor can drive to install the camera slides on the slide rail, adjust the position of linking arm on the slide rail, to the volume difference, during the historical relic of different profiles, through the height of adjusting its object placing platform and camera and object placing platform's distance, the realization is to the accurate shooting of the complicated profile of historical relic, guarantee to the historical relic of difference, all reach the high definition, the image acquisition of high accuracy, mode drive through the lead screw, can realize the accurate regulation to the camera position, through being provided with second stop device, prevent that the linking arm from moving inwards and lead to producing to interfere or be connected than moving outwards and lead to its derailment with object placing platform.
6. The camera incessantly shoots for a long time and can produce a large amount of heats, the heat on camera surface is removed through the cooling device who sets up, guarantee that the camera normally works under suitable temperature, guarantee the quality of shooing the picture, cooling device adopts the metal sheet that the heat conductivity is good, the metal sheet has the fast characteristic of heat absorption, the radiating effect to the camera is good, still be provided with the cold air duct on the metal sheet, the cold air duct switch-on has compressed cold air, compare in all the other cooling methods, adopt air-cooled mode, under the prerequisite that does not influence the normal work of camera, heat on the metal sheet volatilizees with higher speed that can the at utmost.
7. Control system is the PLC controller, first motor, second motor, third motor and fourth motor all are connected with the PLC controller, and servo motor and PLC controller have accurate control's characteristic, guarantee device revolving circle rotation angle, the thing platform height, actuating arm turned angle, the regulation precision of camera position on the slide rail.
8. The object placing platform is further provided with a light source, the light source is a light emitting diode light source arranged at four ends of the object placing platform or an external LED photographic lamp arranged outside, and the four light emitting diodes or the external LED photographic lamp provide good light for collection of images of cultural relics, so that no light dead angle and shadow exist in image shooting, and the texture and the definition of the images are improved.
9. The frame bottom is provided with the universal wheel, be provided with brake equipment on the universal wheel, through being provided with the universal wheel, promote whole device and transport the convenience, be provided with brake equipment on the universal wheel, fixed universal wheel prevents that the device from removing at will when fixed.
10. A time domain data acquisition method, through adjusting the relative collection angle of camera and historical relic, realize the data of every angle of the historical relic of gathering, through the collection method that the focus piles up, gather the image data of the different focal planes of the same angle, later stage superposes the image data of different focal planes, make the part that does not virtualize in the picture gathered, guarantee that every point of the picture of every angle is all clear, will carry out image synthesis and data processing with nearly hundred thousand image data of every angle, position of the historical relic after finishing gathering, three-dimensional regeneration accurately, accomplish accurate duplication to the feel, texture, size precision of the historical relic, can be 1: 1, the precision can reach the nanometer level and exceed the resolution limit of human naked eyes, and even dust attached to the surface of an object can be clearly observed and far exceeds the existing 3D scanning technology.
Drawings
The invention will now be described, by way of example, with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform in the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of the construction of the housing of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a driving arm in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of the installation of the first limiting device in embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram 1 of a center platform according to embodiment 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of a platform for placement in example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of a fixed frame in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Reference numerals
The device comprises a machine frame 1, a storage platform 2, an image acquisition device 3, a rotating disk 4, a driving arm 5, a first motor 6, a gear outer ring 7, a guide wheel 8, a belt 9, a case 10, a rotating shaft 11, a second motor 12, a first limiting device 13, a sliding rail 14, a screw rod 15, a fourth motor 16, a connecting arm 17, a second limiting device 18, a fixing frame 19, a metal plate 20, an air hole 21, an air hole 22, a lifting mechanism 23, a third motor 23 and a spiral lifter 24.
Detailed Description
All of the features disclosed in this specification, or all of the steps in any method or process so disclosed, may be combined in any combination, except combinations of features and/or steps that are mutually exclusive.
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to fig. 1 to 7.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform comprises a rack 1, a storage platform 2, an image acquisition device 3 and a control system, wherein the storage platform 2 is arranged on the rack 1, a transparent rotating disk 4 is arranged on the storage platform 2, a cultural relic to be detected is placed in the middle of the rotating disk 4, the rotating disk 4 can rotate 360 degrees on a horizontal plane under the drive of a first motor 6, a machine case 10 is further arranged on one side of the rack 1, a driving arm 5 is arranged on one side of the machine case 10 close to the storage platform 2, the image acquisition device 3 is arranged on the driving arm 5, a horizontal rotating shaft 11 is arranged at one end of the driving arm 5, the driving arm 5 drives the image acquisition device 3 to swing on a vertical plane around the rotating shaft 11, a first limiting device 13 is further arranged on the machine case 10, and the first limiting devices 13 are two induction limiters vertically arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the rotating shaft 11, when the driving arm 5 rotates from the horizontal position to the vertical ground, the driving arm 5 contacts with the induction limiter, the control system controls the second motor 12 to power off and stop, the swing angle of the driving arm 5 on the vertical plane is ensured to be 0-180 degrees, the control system is respectively connected with the object placing platform 2 and the image acquisition equipment 3, the control system controls the rotating disc 4 to rotate and the driving arm 5 to swing, the relative acquisition angle of the cultural relic and the image acquisition equipment 3 is continuously adjusted, can realize 720-degree omnibearing image data acquisition of the cultural relics, image synthesis and data processing of the image data of each angle and direction of the cultural relics, accurate three-dimensional regeneration, the texture, the texture and the size precision of the cultural relics are accurately copied, so that the cultural relics can not only meet the perception of sense organs, but also can be directly used as samples for research of professionals, and the aims of accurate copying and permanent recording are fulfilled.
In consideration of the problem that the image data at the bottom of the cultural relic is inconvenient to acquire when the cultural relic is placed on the rotating disc 4, the rotating disc 4 is made of special glass with high light transmission and no reflection characteristics, so that the image data at the bottom of the cultural relic can be really acquired through the glass.
It should be noted that, when the object to be measured does not need to acquire image data of the bottom, the cost of the rotating disk is considered, the transparent glass disk can be replaced by an opaque material, such as plastic, light metal and the like, the rotating disk drives the object to be measured to rotate 360 degrees on the horizontal plane, the driving arm controls the image acquisition device to swing 90 degrees upwards on the horizontal plane, and the image acquisition of the object to be measured can be completed by controlling the relative angle of the image acquisition device and the object to be measured.
Because the requirement on the resolution of the acquired image is particularly high, the type of the image acquisition equipment 3 adopted on the platform is a special camera of a picture-in-Denmark industrial camera Phase One IXH 150MP or a Phase One IQ 4150 MP, the resolution reaches 1.5 hundred million level pixels, so that the image display degree is still clear after the image is amplified by multiple times.
As shown in fig. 5, in this embodiment, the object placing platform 2 further includes a first motor 6 and a gear outer ring 7, the rotating disk 4 is clamped and placed in the gear outer ring 7, the first motor 6 is connected with a speed reducer, the speed reducer adopts a high-precision RV speed reducer, the RV speed reducer has the advantages of small vibration, low noise and low energy consumption, an output shaft of the speed reducer is meshed with the gear outer ring 7, the first motor 6 drives the gear outer ring 7 to rotate, the rotating disk 4 is driven to rotate, so that the cultural relic on the rotating disk 4 can rotate 360 ° on the horizontal plane, and the rotating speed and angle can be continuously and accurately adjusted, and the camera can acquire images of the cultural relic at any angle of 360 ° on the same horizontal plane.
As shown in fig. 3, in the present embodiment, the second motor 12 and the high-precision RV reducer are disposed in the housing 10, and the reducer is connected between the output shaft of the second motor 12 and the rotating shaft 11, so that the output rotation speed of the second motor 12 is reduced, and the adjustment of the rotation angle of the driving arm 5 can be more accurately performed.
As shown in fig. 2, in this embodiment, a lifting mechanism is further disposed below the platform 2, the lifting mechanism includes two third motors 23, a lifting rod 24 and a spiral elevator 24, the two third motors 23 are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the frame 1, an output shaft of the third motor 23 is connected to the spiral elevator 24, the spiral elevator 24 drives the lifting rod 24 to reciprocate in a vertical direction, and the other end of the lifting rod 24 is fixed on the lower side surface of the platform 2, so as to adjust the height of the platform 2, the adjusting stroke of the lifting rod is 0-180 mm, the spiral elevator 24 is widely used as a modern lifting device, and is widely applied to lifting stages, synchronous lifting platforms, industries such as steel/paper making/beer/military industry, and has characteristics of self-locking performance, synchronism, precision positioning, speed control and thrust control, ensuring accurate control of the height of the counterobject platform 2.
As shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, a slide rail 14 and a screw rod 15 are disposed on the driving arm 5, one end of the screw rod 15 is provided with a fourth motor 16, the fourth motor 16 is connected with a high-precision planetary reducer, one side of the screw rod 15 is provided with a driven wheel, the planetary reducer is radially connected with the driven wheel through a belt, the fourth motor 16 drives the screw rod 15 to rotate through the belt, the driving arm 5 is vertically provided with a connecting arm 17 for fixing a camera, the connecting arm 17 is sleeved on the screw rod 15 and is slidably connected with the slide rail 14, the connecting arm 17 is provided with an internal threaded hole matched with the screw rod, the screw rod rotates to drive the connecting arm 17 to reciprocate along the direction of the slide rail 14, the slide rail 14 is further provided with a second limiting device 18, the second limiting devices 18 are two induction limiters respectively disposed at two ends of the slide rail 14, and the fourth motor 16 can drive the connecting arm 17 provided with the camera to slide on the slide rail 14, adjust the position of linking arm 17 on slide rail 14, to the volume difference, during the historical relic of profile difference, through the height of adjusting its storage platform 2 and camera and storage platform 2's distance, realize the accurate shooting of the complicated profile of historical relic, guarantee to the historical relic of difference, all reach the high definition, the image acquisition of high accuracy, mode drive through lead screw 15, can realize the accurate regulation to the camera position, through being provided with second stop device 18, prevent that linking arm 17 moves inwards and lead to producing to interfere or connect and lead to its derailment than moving outward with storage platform 2.
As shown in fig. 7, in this embodiment, a fixed frame 19 is disposed at the end of the connecting arm 17, a camera is installed in the fixed frame 19, a large amount of heat is generated due to continuous shooting of the camera for a long time, a cooling device is disposed on the fixed frame 19, the cooling device includes a metal plate 20 disposed on the fixed frame of the camera, an air hole 21 is disposed on the metal plate 20, the air hole 21 is connected to an air cooler through a cold air pipe, the heat on the surface of the camera is dissipated through the cooling device, the normal operation of the camera at a proper temperature is ensured, the quality of the shot picture is ensured, the metal plate 20 has good thermal conductivity, the characteristic of fast heat absorption and fast heat dissipation, the heat dissipation effect on the camera is good, a cold air pipe is further disposed on the metal plate 20, the cold air pipe is connected to an air compressor, the air compressor blows compressed cold air into the cold air pipe, compared with the cooling mode of residual water cooling or oil cooling, the mode of cooling by compressed cold air is adopted, and the heat volatilization on the metal plate can be accelerated to the maximum degree on the premise of not influencing the normal work of the camera.
In this embodiment, control system is the PLC controller, first motor 6, second motor 12, third motor 23 and fourth motor 16 all are the independent private clothes motor of loose, and are connected with the PLC controller, and servo motor and PLC controller have the characteristic of accurate control, guarantee the device to the regulation precision of rotary disk 4 rotation angle, 2 heights of thing platform, actuating arm 5 turned angle, camera position on slide rail 14.
In this embodiment, the object placing platform 2 is further provided with a light source, the light source is a light emitting diode light source (not shown in the figure) arranged at four ends of the object placing platform 2, and the four light emitting diodes provide good light for collection of images of the cultural relics, so that no light dead angle and shadow are generated when the images are shot, and the texture and the definition of the images are improved.
In this embodiment, 1 bottom of frame is provided with the universal wheel, be provided with brake equipment on the universal wheel, through being provided with the universal wheel, promote whole device and transport the convenience, be provided with brake equipment on the universal wheel, fixed universal wheel prevents that the device from removing at will when fixed to the needs in adaptation different places.
In this embodiment, the device is arranged in the dust-free space, and because the collection precision of the device reaches the nanometer level, the dust on the surface of the cultural relic can be collected together, so that the dust on the surface of the cultural relic can be collected together, and the texture and the observation effect of the whole image are affected in the later period.
In this embodiment, the case 10 is provided with an LED control display screen and a control panel.
In this embodiment, the platform is further equipped with a high-precision angle measuring instrument for adjusting the platform to be horizontal.
In this embodiment, the complete machine adopts the lightweight design, and the stainless steel that intensity is high, the quality is light is selected for use to the main part material.
A collection method of a movable cultural relic time domain data collection platform comprises the following steps:
step 1: placing the cultural relics in the middle of the rotating disc 4;
step 2: adjusting the height of the object placing platform 2 and the distance between the camera and the object to be measured according to the size of the cultural relic;
and step 3: photometry, wherein the illumination angle and intensity are arranged according to the material and shape of the cultural relic, so that the illumination uniformity of each part of the object to be measured is ensured;
and 4, step 4: manually inputting parameters for setting focus stacking of the cultural relics by the camera;
and 5: manually inputting and setting the rotation parameters of the object placing platform 2;
step 6: manually inputting and setting the swinging parameters of the driving arm 5;
and 7: adjusting the relative shooting angles of the camera and the cultural relic according to preset parameters, and acquiring images of a plurality of focal planes at each shooting angle;
and 8: and processing the data acquired by the camera.
In this embodiment, the rotation parameters of the platform 2 are set to 64 sets of rotation motions, and each set of the rotation disks 4 rotate 5.625 degrees; the swing parameters of the driving arms 5 are set to 33 groups of swing actions, and each group of driving arms 5 swings for 5.625 degrees; the parameter setting of camera focus stack automatically calculates the collection number of focal planes of objects with corresponding sizes according to a time domain specific algorithm, and if 60 groups of image data of different focal planes are collected at the same shooting angle, the total number of 720-degree all-directional all-angle collected images of the cultural relic to be detected is 126720 pieces by 64 multiplied by 33 multiplied by 60.
In this embodiment, this platform uses professional image processing software for carry out image synthesis and data processing with 126720 image data, and the accurate diversified data acquisition that carries on is carried out, carries out accurate save with three-dimensional data.
In this embodiment, the parameters of the placement platform, the driving arm, and the focal point stack of the camera are not limited to the set, and different sets of acquisition parameters may be set for the acquisition platform according to the size of the object to be acquired, the actual conditions such as the requirement of the client on the acquisition precision, the requirement of the client on the time and the cost, and the like.
In the embodiment, the data of each angle of the cultural relic is acquired by adjusting the relative acquisition angle of the camera and the cultural relic, the problem of Diffraction Limited Aperture (DLA) is solved by a focus stacking acquisition method, Diffraction is caused by any Aperture, when the Aperture is small to a certain degree, Diffraction effect which seriously affects the image quality is brought, the smaller the Aperture is, the more serious the Diffraction effect is, the larger the Ehrlich spot is, the quality of the acquired data is affected, the image data of different focal planes at the same angle is acquired, the image data of different focal planes are overlapped in the later period, the acquired image has no blurred part, each point of the image at each angle is ensured to be clear, nearly one hundred thousand image data of each angle and direction of the cultural relic are subjected to image synthesis and data processing after the acquisition is finished, and three-dimensional regeneration is accurately performed, the texture, the texture and the size precision of the cultural relic are accurately copied, and the cultural relic 1: 1, the precision can reach the nanometer level and exceed the resolution limit of human naked eyes, and even dust attached to the surface of an object can be clearly observed and far exceeds the existing 3D scanning technology.
Further, if the customer does not consider the problem of solving the Diffraction Limited Aperture (DLA) or can reduce the problem appropriately, the focal point stacking is not required or the number of stacked spots is reduced, and the data acquisition time and the data acquisition amount are greatly reduced.
Example 2:
as shown in fig. 6, the difference from embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the driving manner of the rotating disc 4 is belt driving, the object placing platform 2 further includes a first motor 6, a guide wheel 8 and a belt 9, the first motor 6 is connected with a speed reducer, the belt is tightly sleeved on an output shaft of the speed reducer and the guide wheel 8, the belt is tightly attached to the edge of the rotating disc 4, and the first motor 6 drives the belt 9 to move, so as to drive the rotating disc 4 to rotate 360 ° on the horizontal plane, and image acquisition can be performed on the cultural relics on the rotating disc 4 at any angle of 360 ° on the same horizontal plane.
Example 3 (not shown in the figures):
the difference from embodiment 1 is that, in this embodiment, the placement platform 2 is further provided with an external light source, the external light source is arranged on an external LED camera, and the external LED camera can be arranged at different light source positions according to actual conditions, so as to provide good light for collection of the cultural relic image, so that no light dead angle and shadow are generated during image shooting, and the texture and the definition of the image are improved.
Example 4 (not shown in the figure):
the difference from embodiment 1 is that in this embodiment, the image capturing device 3 may be a plurality of cameras, the plurality of cameras are all disposed on the independent driving arms 5, and the image capturing of the cultural relics is realized by adopting a manner of matching the plurality of cameras, so as to improve the capturing efficiency.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express the specific embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the technical idea of the present application, several changes and modifications can be made, which are all within the protection scope of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. The utility model provides a portable historical relic time domain data acquisition platform, a serial communication port, including frame (1), platform (2), image acquisition equipment (3) and control system, platform (2) sets up in frame (1), and platform (2) are used for bearing the weight of the object that awaits measuring to it is rotatory to drive the object that awaits measuring, image acquisition equipment (3) are used for carrying out image acquisition to each angle of the object that awaits measuring, control system is connected with platform (2) and image acquisition equipment (3) respectively.
2. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 1, wherein a transparent rotating disk (4) is arranged on the placement platform (2), an object to be measured is placed on the rotating disk (4), the image acquisition device (3) is connected with a driving arm (5), and the driving arm (5) is used for adjusting the relative position of the image acquisition device (3) and the object to be measured, so as to perform omnibearing image acquisition on the object to be measured.
3. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 2, wherein the object placing platform (2) further comprises a first motor (6), the first motor (6) is connected with a speed reducer, a transmission assembly is arranged between the speed reducer and the rotating disk, and the first motor drives the rotating disk to rotate on the horizontal plane through the transmission assembly.
4. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 3, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a gear outer ring (7), the gear outer ring (7) is in meshed connection with an output shaft of a speed reducer, the rotating disc (4) is fixedly arranged in the gear outer ring (7), and the first motor (6) drives the gear outer ring (7) to rotate, so as to drive the rotating disc (4) to rotate 360 degrees on a horizontal plane.
5. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 3, wherein the transmission assembly comprises a guide wheel (8) and a belt (9), the belt is tightly sleeved on the output shaft of the speed reducer and the guide wheel (8), the edge of the rotating disc (4) is tightly attached to the belt, and the first motor (6) drives the belt (9) to move, so that the rotating disc (4) is driven to rotate 360 degrees on the horizontal plane.
6. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 2, wherein a case (10) is further arranged on one side of the rack (1), a rotating shaft (11) and a first limiting device in the horizontal direction are arranged on the case (10), the rotating shaft (11) and the driving arm (5) are perpendicular to each other and fixedly connected, a second motor (12) and a speed reducer are arranged in the case (10), an output shaft of the second motor (12) is connected with the rotating shaft (11) through the speed reducer, and the first limiting device (13) is two induction limiting devices arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the rotating shaft (11) and used for limiting the driving arm (5) to swing within the range of 0-180 degrees.
7. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 6, wherein the driving arm (5) is provided with a sliding rail (14) and a screw rod (15), one end of the screw rod (15) is provided with a fourth motor (16), the fourth motor (16) is connected with a planetary reducer, the planetary reducer is connected with the screw rod (15) through a belt, the driving arm (5) is provided with a connecting arm (17) for fixing the image acquisition device (3), the connecting arm (17) is sleeved on the screw rod (15) and is slidably connected with the sliding rail (14), the sliding rail (14) is provided with a second limiting device (18), and the second limiting device (18) is two induction limiting devices distributed at two ends of the sliding rail.
8. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 7, wherein a fixing frame (19) for fixing the image acquisition equipment (3) is arranged at the tail end of the connecting arm (17), a cooling device is arranged around the fixing frame (19), the cooling device comprises a metal plate (20) arranged on the fixing frame (19), an air hole (21) is arranged on the metal plate (20), and the air hole (21) is communicated with compressed cold air through a cold air pipe.
9. The movable cultural relic time domain data acquisition platform according to claim 1, wherein a lifting mechanism is further arranged below the placement platform (2), the lifting mechanism comprises two third motors (23) and a lifting rod (22), the two third motors (23) are symmetrically distributed on two sides of the rack (1), an output shaft of the third motor (23) is connected with a spiral lifter (24), and the spiral lifter (24) drives the lifting rod (22) to reciprocate in the vertical direction.
10. A collection method of a movable cultural relic time domain data collection platform is based on any one of claims 1 to 9, and is characterized by comprising the following steps:
step 1: placing an object to be detected in the middle of the rotating disc (4);
step 2: adjusting the height of the object placing platform (2) and the distance between the image acquisition equipment (3) and the object to be detected according to the size of the object to be detected;
and step 3: photometry, wherein the illumination angle and intensity are arranged according to the material and shape of the object to be measured, so that uniform illumination of all parts of the object to be measured is ensured;
and 4, step 4: setting parameters for focal point stacking of the object to be detected by the image acquisition equipment (3);
and 5: setting the rotation parameters of the object placing platform (2);
step 6: setting the swinging parameters of the driving arm (5);
and 7: adjusting the relative shooting angles of the image acquisition equipment (3) and the object to be detected according to the set parameters, and acquiring images of a plurality of focal planes at each shooting angle;
and 8: and processing the data acquired by the image acquisition equipment (3).
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Application publication date: 20210806 |