CN113214430A - Styrene-acrylic latex for toughening high-speed railway structural concrete and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Styrene-acrylic latex for toughening high-speed railway structural concrete and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F220/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and only one being terminated by only one carboxyl radical or a salt, anhydride ester, amide, imide or nitrile thereof
- C08F220/02—Monocarboxylic acids having less than ten carbon atoms; Derivatives thereof
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- C08F220/16—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms
- C08F220/18—Esters of monohydric alcohols or phenols of phenols or of alcohols containing two or more carbon atoms with acrylic or methacrylic acids
- C08F220/1804—C4-(meth)acrylate, e.g. butyl (meth)acrylate, isobutyl (meth)acrylate or tert-butyl (meth)acrylate
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- C04—CEMENTS; CONCRETE; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES
- C04B—LIME, MAGNESIA; SLAG; CEMENTS; COMPOSITIONS THEREOF, e.g. MORTARS, CONCRETE OR LIKE BUILDING MATERIALS; ARTIFICIAL STONE; CERAMICS; REFRACTORIES; TREATMENT OF NATURAL STONE
- C04B24/00—Use of organic materials as active ingredients for mortars, concrete or artificial stone, e.g. plasticisers
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- C04B24/28—Macromolecular compounds obtained otherwise than by reactions only involving carbon-to-carbon unsaturated bonds
- C04B24/283—Polyesters
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08F—MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS OBTAINED BY REACTIONS ONLY INVOLVING CARBON-TO-CARBON UNSATURATED BONDS
- C08F212/00—Copolymers of compounds having one or more unsaturated aliphatic radicals, each having only one carbon-to-carbon double bond, and at least one being terminated by an aromatic carbocyclic ring
- C08F212/02—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical
- C08F212/04—Monomers containing only one unsaturated aliphatic radical containing one ring
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Abstract
The invention relates to the field of polymer modified cement-based materials, in particular to styrene-acrylic latex for toughening high-speed railway structural concrete, which is characterized in that the styrene-acrylic latex is a copolymer of a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, the hard monomer is an aromatic vinyl compound, the soft monomer is an acrylate compound, and the functional monomer is an acrylate compoundIs unsaturated acid or unsaturated alcohol compound with chemical formula of CH2=CR‑CH(‑CXH2X+1)‑CYH2Y-A, wherein R is any one of methyl, ethyl or propyl; x is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6, Y is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10, and X, Y is a positive integer; a is any one of carboxyl, sulfonic group, phosphoric group or hydroxyl. The styrene-acrylic latex prepared by the invention has the advantages of low price, simple preparation process and non-conductivity, can obviously improve the fracture energy of concrete at low mixing amount, and has little influence on the working performance of the concrete.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of polymer modified cement-based materials, in particular to styrene-acrylic latex for toughening concrete and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Concrete is the largest building material at present and is also a main structural material used in high-speed railway construction engineering. The high-speed railway structural concrete is influenced by factors such as high-frequency dynamic load impact effect, temperature fatigue effect, environmental medium erosion effect and the like in the service process. Under the action of high-frequency dynamic load impact and temperature fatigue, micro defects or microcracks in concrete are easy to germinate and develop, more channels are provided for the entry of aggressive media, and the long-term durability is influenced. One way to solve the problem is to toughen the concrete, reduce the brittleness of the concrete and reduce the initiation and development of internal micro-defects and micro-cracks under the action of dynamic load. The concrete toughening mode mainly comprises the steps of adding fibers, latex and the like. The invention patent application CN 112028514A discloses a toughening method of ultra-high performance concrete, which adds carbon nano-tube, cellulose and steel fiber with zinc phosphate surface modification in the raw material of the ultra-high performance concrete, and obtains higher tensile toughness than adding carbon nano-tube or cellulose alone. The invention patent application CN 111792895A discloses a nano/micron filler composite toughened ultrahigh-performance concrete and a preparation method thereof, wherein the structural compactness of the ultrahigh-performance concrete is enhanced from nano/micro scale by doping low-doping amount of stainless steel microwires and nano fillers, native microcracks are reduced, the generation and development of cracks can be effectively limited, and the toughness of the ultrahigh-performance concrete is greatly improved. The invention patent application CN 107473645B discloses high-damping concrete based on internal structure design and a preparation method thereof, wherein polymer emulsion is used for modifying the concrete, the obtained high-damping concrete has better functions of absorbing and dissipating energy, and the mechanical properties such as folding resistance, pressure resistance and the like can be controlled in a reasonable range. However, the existing toughening methods have some problems, and the main disadvantages of toughening by using steel fibers are high cost and increased track stray current; the defects of toughening by using the nano-filler are that the nano-filler is easy to agglomerate and the preparation process is complicated; the toughening by using the emulsion is relatively feasible, but the obvious toughening effect is achieved when the mixing amount of the emulsion is high enough, so that the working performance of fresh concrete is affected and the strength of the concrete is obviously reduced. If a novel latex can be developed, the effective concrete toughening effect can be realized at a lower mixing amount, and the novel latex has a good practical application value.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides styrene-acrylic latex for toughening high-speed railway structural concrete and a preparation method of the styrene-acrylic latex.
The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening the concrete with the high-speed railway structure is a copolymer of a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, wherein the hard monomer is an aromatic vinyl compound, the soft monomer is an acrylate compound, the functional monomer is an unsaturated acid or unsaturated alcohol compound, and the chemical general formula of the styrene-acrylic latex is CH2=CR-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-A，
In the formula, R is any one of methyl, ethyl or propyl; x is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6, Y is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10, and X, Y is a positive integer; a is any one of carboxyl, sulfonic group, phosphoric group or hydroxyl.
The styrene-acrylic latex comprises, by mass, 15-25% of hard monomers, 20-30% of soft monomers, 2-8% of functional monomers, 1-5% of emulsifiers and 0.1-0.5% of initiators.
The hard monomer is one or more of styrene, methyl styrene, allyl benzene and p-vinyl benzene.
The soft monomer is one or more of butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate and hexyl methacrylate.
The emulsifier is composed of one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, OP-10, OP-20, OP-30 and triton x 100.
The positive tensile bonding strength of the styrene-acrylic latex on the concrete surface is more than 2 MPa.
The loss factor of the latex film obtained by the styrene-acrylic latex under the normal temperature condition is more than or equal to 2.
The preparation method of the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following steps:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuing dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified dispersion liquid;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and become thick, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 2.5-3.5 hours by using a peristaltic pump, simultaneously dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 3.5-4.5 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling, and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
The synthetic conversion rate of the styrene-acrylic latex is higher than 95%, PDI is lower than 0.1, and the absolute value of zeta potential is greater than 30 mV.
The concrete toughening styrene-acrylic latex for the high-speed railway structure has the positive effects that:
through the composition design and optimization of the hard monomer, the soft monomer and the functional monomer, the good film forming, bonding and damping effects of the synthesized styrene-acrylic latex in concrete are realized: the strongly polar functional groups such as carboxyl, sulfonic group, phosphate group and the like introduced into the latex molecular structure can form a certain complexing action with cement hydration products, so that the interfacial bonding capability of the latex film in concrete is improved, and a foundation is provided for external energy to be transferred from the inorganic phase of the concrete to the latex film and to be smoothly dissipated; the branched chain structure introduced into the latex molecular structure can increase intermolecular slippage when the latex film deforms, control the loss factor of the latex film, improve the damping effect and increase the dissipation effect of the latex film on external energy. The styrene-acrylic latex prepared by the invention has the advantages of low price, simple preparation process and non-conductivity, can obviously improve the fracture energy of concrete at low mixing amount, and has little influence on the working performance of the concrete.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples.
Example 1:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 15 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 30 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 2:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 25 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 3:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 4:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a sulfonic acid group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 5:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is phosphate group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 6:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =1, Y =1, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 7:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =6, Y =10, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Example 8:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =1, Y =10, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 1:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 14 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 2:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 26 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 3:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 19 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 4:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 3 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 5:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 1 part;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 6:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 26 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is carboxyl, 9 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
comparative example 7:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =0, Y =1, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 8:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =7, Y =1, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 9:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 0 part of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 10:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 0 part of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 11:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 0 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 12:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =0, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 13:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =11, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 14:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y+1Wherein X =5, Y =7, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 15:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 9000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuing to disperse for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 9000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using a peristaltic pump, dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 4 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Comparative example 16:
the styrene-acrylic latex comprises the following synthetic raw materials in percentage by mass:
hard monomer: 20 parts of styrene;
soft monomer: 20 parts of butyl acrylate;
functional monomer: chemical formula is CH2=CH(CH3)-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-a, wherein X =5, Y =7, a is a carboxyl group, 5 parts;
emulsifier: sodium dodecyl sulfate, 1.6 parts;
initiator: 0.35 part of ammonium persulfate;
the preparation steps comprise:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuously dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified solution;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and thickened, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 2 hours by using a peristaltic pump, simultaneously dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 3 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
Description of the effects:
the specific characterization method comprises the following steps:
(1) the conversion rate of the latex is measured by adopting a thermogravimetric method, namely the conversion rate of the latex is obtained by dividing the actually measured solid content of the latex by the theoretical solid content;
(2) the PDI (polydispersity index) and the Zeta potential of the latex are tested by a dynamic light scattering method and a Zeta potential and a nano laser particle size analyzer;
(3) the positive tensile bonding strength of the interface between the latex and the concrete is tested according to the content specified in GB50728-2011 safety identification technical Specification for engineering structure reinforcing materials;
(4) the loss factor of the latex film is tested by using a DMA (dynamic thermomechanical analyzer), and the specific method comprises the following steps: the latex films prepared were tested in a uniaxial tensile mode with a dynamic thermomechanical analyzer at a test frequency of 1 Hz. During testing, the sample chamber is cooled to-60 ℃, the temperature is kept for 3 minutes, then the temperature is raised to 60 ℃ at the speed of 2 ℃/minute, and the loss factor of the latex film in the range of-60 to 60 ℃ can be obtained by processing data.
(5) The breaking energy of the polymer latex modified concrete is calculated according to the three-point bending test result, and the concrete mixing ratio is as follows: the common Portland cement comprises styrene-acrylic latex, water, sand, broken stone, a water reducing agent and a defoaming agent, wherein the ratio of the common Portland cement to the broken stone to the water reducing agent is =100:2.5:39:200:250:1: 1. The concrete was molded in a mold having dimensions of 400mm × 100mm × 100mm, and subjected to a three-point bending test after natural curing for 28 days.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 1, it can be known that the content of the hard monomer in the comparative example 1 is lower than the proper range, so that the damping temperature range of the latex film moves to a low temperature, the loss factor is reduced at the normal temperature, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 2, it can be known that the hard monomer content in the comparative example 2 is higher than the proper range, which causes the damping temperature range of the latex film to move to high temperature, the loss factor of the latex film is reduced at normal temperature, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 3, it can be known that the content of the soft monomer in the comparative example 3 is lower than the proper range, which causes the damping temperature range of the latex film to move to high temperature, the loss factor of the latex film is reduced at normal temperature, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 4, it can be known that the soft monomer content in the comparative example 4 is higher than the proper range, which causes the damping temperature range of the latex film to move to low temperature, the loss factor of the latex film is reduced at normal temperature, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of example 3 and comparative example 5, it can be seen that the content of the functional monomer in comparative example 5 is lower than the proper range, and the modification effect on the styrene-acrylic latex is not good, so that the bonding and damping effects in concrete are not obviously improved.
From the results of the example 3 and the comparative example 6, it can be known that the content of the functional monomer in the comparative example 6 is higher than the proper range, the internal friction is reduced due to the reduction of the stacking density of the molecular chain segment in the latex film, the loss factor at normal temperature is reduced, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 6 and the comparative example 7, it can be known that the functional monomer in the comparative example 7 has no branched chain structure, the steric hindrance between molecular chain segments in the latex film is reduced, the latex film is easy to stack more tightly, the molecular chain segments are not easy to slide, so that the loss factor is reduced, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 6 and the comparative example 8, it can be known that in the comparative example 8, the alkyl branched chain in the functional monomer is too long, the free movement capability of the molecular chain segment in the latex film is large, the latex film is easy to stack and compact, the molecular chain segment is not easy to slide, so that the loss factor is reduced, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 9, it can be known that the comparative example 9 has no hard monomer, the glass transition temperature of the prepared latex is too low, the damping temperature range of the latex film is far lower than the normal temperature, the loss factor is very small at the normal temperature, the damping performance is not good, and the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is not high.
As can be seen from the results of example 3 and comparative example 10, the comparative example 10 has no soft monomer, the glass transition temperature of the prepared latex is too high, the damping temperature range of the latex film is far higher than the normal temperature, the loss factor is very small at the normal temperature, the damping performance is not good, and the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is not high.
From the results of the example 3 and the comparative example 11, it can be seen that the energy consumption function of increasing internal friction and the complexing function of enhancing the bonding effect of the functional monomer in the comparative example 11 are eliminated, the damping and the bonding performance are reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of example 3 and comparative example 12, it can be seen that the functional monomer in comparative example 12 has no branched structure and no strong polar functional group at the chain end, and the steric hindrance between the molecular chain segments in the latex film is reduced, so that the latex film is easy to stack more tightly, and the molecular chain segments are not easy to slide, so that the loss factor is reduced, the adhesive strength is insufficient, the energy in the concrete matrix is difficult to transfer to the latex film, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of example 3 and comparative example 13, it can be seen that in comparative example 13, the functional monomer contains too long branched chains with strong polar functional groups at the chain ends, the free movement ability of molecular chain segments in the latex film is large, the latex film is easy to stack and compact, the molecular chain segments are not easy to slide, so that the loss factor is reduced, the damping performance is reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of example 3 and comparative example 14, it can be seen that the functional monomer in comparative example 14 has no strong polar functional group, the complexation of the functional monomer is lost, the adhesive property is significantly reduced, the fracture energy of the styrene-acrylic latex modified concrete is further reduced, and the toughness is deteriorated.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 15, it can be known that in the preparation step of the styrene-acrylic latex of the comparative example 15, the rotation speed during the pre-emulsification treatment is too low, and the pre-emulsification dispersion effect is not good, so that the PDI of the synthesized styrene-acrylic latex is higher, the particle size distribution of the latex particles is wide, the film forming performance of the latex is reduced, and the damping effect of the modified concrete is reduced.
From the results of the embodiment 3 and the comparative example 16, it can be seen that in the preparation step of the styrene-acrylic latex of the comparative example 16, the feeding time of the pre-emulsified dispersion liquid and the initiator solution is short, the initiation rate is accelerated, the polymerization rate is increased, and the uncontrollable property of the polymerization process is increased, so that the synthetic styrene-acrylic latex has high PDI (polymer-induced plasticity), wide particle size distribution of emulsion particles, easy occurrence of phenomena such as gelation and the like, reduced latex film-forming property, and reduced damping effect of modified concrete.
In conclusion, the synthetic conversion rate of the styrene-acrylic emulsion for toughening the concrete is higher than 95%, the PDI is lower than 0.1, and the absolute value of zeta potential is more than 30 mV; the positive tensile bonding strength on the concrete surface is more than 2 MPa; the loss factor of the latex film obtained under the normal temperature condition is more than or equal to 2; the breaking energy of the concrete can be obviously improved at low doping amount, so that the toughness of the concrete is improved.
Claims (10)
1. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening the concrete with the high-speed railway structure is characterized in that the styrene-acrylic latex is a copolymer of a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, the hard monomer is an aromatic vinyl compound, the soft monomer is an acrylate compound, the functional monomer is an unsaturated acid or unsaturated alcohol compound, and the chemical general formula of the styrene-acrylic latex is CH2=CR-CH(-CXH2X+1)-CYH2Y-A，
In the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
r is any one of methyl, ethyl or propyl;
x is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 6, Y is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to 10, and X, Y is a positive integer;
a is any one of carboxyl, sulfonic group, phosphoric group or hydroxyl.
2. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening concrete in a high-speed railway structure according to claim 1, wherein the styrene-acrylic latex comprises 15 to 25 parts by mass of a hard monomer, 20 to 30 parts by mass of a soft monomer, 2 to 8 parts by mass of a functional monomer, 1 to 5 parts by mass of an emulsifier, and 0.1 to 0.5 part by mass of an initiator.
3. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening of high-speed railway structural concrete according to claims 1 to 2, wherein the hard monomer is one or more of styrene, methyl styrene, allyl benzene and p-vinyl benzene.
4. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening of high-speed railway structural concrete according to claims 1 to 2, wherein the soft monomer is one or more of butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, butyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate and hexyl methacrylate.
5. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening of concrete in a high-speed railway structure according to claims 1 to 2, wherein the emulsifier is composed of one or more of sodium dodecyl sulfate, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, OP-10, OP-20, OP-30 and triton x 100.
6. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening of concrete in a high-speed railway structure according to claims 1-2, wherein the positive tensile adhesion strength of the styrene-acrylic latex on the concrete surface is more than 2 MPa.
7. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening high-speed railway structural concrete according to claims 1-2, wherein the loss factor of a latex film obtained by the styrene-acrylic latex under a normal temperature condition is more than or equal to 2.
8. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening of concrete in a high-speed railway structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the preparation method comprises the following steps:
(1) putting deionized water and an emulsifier into a beaker, then using a high-speed dispersion machine at the rotating speed of 10000r/min, after dispersing for 2 minutes, adding a hard monomer, a soft monomer and a functional monomer, and continuing dispersing for 10 minutes at the rotating speed of 10000r/min to obtain a pre-emulsified dispersion liquid;
(2) weighing a small amount of water and an emulsifier in a three-neck flask, adding a small amount of hard monomer, soft monomer and functional monomer, stirring by a stirring paddle at the rotating speed of 350r/min, heating to 80 ℃, and adding an initiator solution;
(3) and after the emulsion is observed to be light blue and become thick, dripping the pre-emulsified solution into the three-neck flask within 2.5-3.5 hours by using a peristaltic pump, simultaneously dripping the initiator solution into the three-neck flask within 3.5-4.5 hours by using an injection pump, reacting for 1 hour after the dripping is finished, cooling, and filtering to obtain the styrene-acrylic latex.
9. The styrene-acrylic latex for toughening of high-speed railway structural concrete according to claims 1 to 8, wherein the synthetic conversion rate of the styrene-acrylic latex is higher than 95%, the PDI is lower than 0.1, and the absolute value of zeta potential is more than 30 mV.
10. Use of the styrene-acrylic latex for toughening concrete of a high-speed railway structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9 in a cement-based material.
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