CN113213515A - Method and equipment for reducing carbon alkali - Google Patents
Method and equipment for reducing carbon alkali Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method and equipment for reducing carbon alkali, wherein the method comprises the following steps: adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt elimination filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10%, and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor; premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L; and settling the premixed solution for salting out, and filtering to obtain low-carbon alkali filtrate. The invention adopts the filtrate of the salt discharge filter as the alkali dissolving liquid, and after the filtrate is premixed with the matched mother liquid, the sedimentation salt discharge is carried out, so that the function of the flake caustic soda can be better played, the evaporation energy consumption is reduced by 5-10%, and for the solution with the carbon total alkali ratio of more than 12%, the carbon alkali of the system can be gradually reduced to 7-9% and finally stabilized to 4-6% through the effective control operation for more than two months, thereby realizing the purposes of fully utilizing the added flake caustic soda to reduce the carbon alkali of the system and simultaneously reducing the evaporation energy consumption.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of alumina production, in particular to a method and equipment for reducing carbon alkali.
Background
At present, the carbon alkali of the system for reducing the carbon alkali of an alumina enterprise is generally evaporated to a higher concentration N by adopting a forced circulation evaporatorK300g/L or more, then go forwardAnd (4) putting the mixture into a salt-discharging settling tank to separate out the carbon alkali. The steam consumption of the forced circulation evaporation water is high, the carbon base of the system is high, and the system can be separated out in the evaporation process, so that the operation period is shortened, the steam consumption is higher and is more than 3 times higher than that of the falling film evaporation steam. For the alumina enterprises, for convenient operation, liquid caustic soda is generally adopted, caustic soda consumed in the production process is supplemented, the content of the caustic soda in the liquid caustic soda is generally 35-45%, and more than 50% of water is equivalently supplemented. When the transportation distance is long, the steam consumption of the distilled water is high, and the price of the flake caustic is low, solid caustic is adopted for supplement, and the cost can be saved. In industrial production, N can also be made by adding caustic soda flakesKThe concentration is increased to about 300g/L, so that the carbon alkali is separated out, the forced evaporation amount can be reduced, the steam consumption of the distilled water is reduced, and the method is more effective especially when the price of the solid flake alkali is relatively low. But the effect of precipitating the carbon alkali by increasing the concentration by using the flake alkali is poor at present. The addition of a large amount of flake caustic soda, the precipitation of carbon caustic soda is difficult, and the salt discharge effect is poor. A large amount of caustic soda flakes are used, but a good salting-out effect is not achieved. The main problems are that the alkali is dissolved unevenly, the concentration fluctuation of liquid alkali is large, and the solution for dissolving alkali is not carefully selected, so that very fine denatured sodium carbonate is separated out due to the fact that the concentration is increased too fast during alkali dissolving, salt discharge at the later stage is influenced, and the final result is that a large amount of caustic soda flakes are added, but the effect of reducing carbon alkali is not achieved or the effect of reducing carbon alkali is poor. Because the carbon alkali of the system is high and can not be reduced quickly, the entry of carbonate has to be controlled by controlling the content of CaO in the ore, so that the high-carbonate bauxite can not be effectively used.
Therefore, how to develop a method and a device for rapidly reducing carbon alkali becomes a technical problem to be solved urgently.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method and equipment for reducing carbon alkali, which reasonably utilize flake alkali added into a system to reduce the carbon alkali and reduce the evaporation steam consumption.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for reducing carbon alkali, comprising:
adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt elimination filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10%, and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor;
premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L;
and settling the premixed solution for salting out, and filtering to obtain low-carbon alkali filtrate.
Further, the premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor to obtain the premixed liquor with the concentration less than or equal to 300g/L comprises the following steps:
12% < N in the mother liquorC/NTWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 14%, the mother liquor is high-evaporation mother liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 270-280 g/L, and the concentrated alkali liquor and the high-evaporation mother liquor are premixed to obtain premixed liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 290-300 g/L;
n in the mother liquorC/NTAnd when the concentration is more than 14%, the mother liquor is low-evaporation mother liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 220-260 g/L, and the concentrated alkali liquor and the low-evaporation mother liquor are premixed to obtain premixed liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 285-290 g/L.
Further, the carbon-total alkali ratio of the filtrate of the salt discharge filter is less than or equal to 8%.
Further, the concentration of the concentrated alkali liquor is controlled to be 300-500 g/L.
Further, the concentration of the concentrated alkali liquor is controlled to be 350-400 g/L.
Further, a seed solution is added into the premixing, and the adding amount of the seed solution is 0-80 g/L in terms of mass fraction.
Further, a stirring method is adopted for uniformly mixing, and the stirring time is 30-120 min.
The invention also provides a device for reducing carbon alkali, which comprises:
the alkali dissolving device is used for adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt discharging filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10% and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor;
the mixing device is used for premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the high-evaporation mother liquor/low-evaporation mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L; the mixing device comprises a mixing groove, and a concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline, a high-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline, a low-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline and a premixed liquor discharging pipeline which are arranged on the mixing groove; the concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline of the mixing tank is communicated with the alkali dissolving device;
the settling device is used for settling and salting out the premixed liquid; the sedimentation device is positioned at the bottom of the mixing device, and two ends of the premixed liquid discharging pipeline are respectively communicated with the mixing groove and the sedimentation device.
Further, still be equipped with seed liquid pipeline on the compounding groove, the both ends of seed liquid pipeline respectively with compounding groove and seed slurry pump are linked together.
Further, a stirring assembly is arranged in the alkali dissolving device.
One or more technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention have at least the following technical effects or advantages:
the invention provides a method and equipment for reducing carbon alkali, wherein the method comprises the following steps: adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt elimination filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10%, and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor; premixing the concentrated alkali liquor, the high-evaporation mother liquor and the low-evaporation mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L; and settling the premixed solution for salting out, and filtering to obtain low-carbon alkali filtrate. The invention adopts the filtrate of the salt discharge filter as the alkali dissolving liquid, and after the filtrate is premixed with the matched mother liquid, the sedimentation salt discharge is carried out, thus the function of caustic soda flakes can be better played, the evaporation energy consumption is reduced by 5 to 10 percent, for the solution with the carbon-total alkali ratio of more than 12 percent, the carbon alkali of the system can be gradually reduced to 7 to 9 percent and finally stabilized to 4 to 6 percent through the effective control operation for one to two months. The purposes of fully utilizing the added flake caustic soda to reduce the carbon caustic soda of the system and simultaneously reducing the evaporation energy consumption are achieved.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments are briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method for reducing carbon base according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a block diagram of an apparatus for reducing carbonate in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a top view of a material mixing device in an apparatus for reducing carbon alkali according to an embodiment of the present invention;
fig. 4 is a structural diagram of a material mixing device in the apparatus for reducing carbon alkali according to the embodiment of the present invention;
in the figure, 1-alkali dissolving device;
2-a mixing device; 21-a mixing trough; 22-concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline; 23-high evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline; 24-low evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline; 25-a premix liquid discharge pipeline; 26-seed liquid pipeline;
3-a settling device.
Detailed Description
The embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and examples, and the advantages and various effects of the embodiments of the present invention will be more clearly apparent therefrom. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that the present embodiments and examples are illustrative of the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Throughout the specification, unless otherwise specifically noted, terms used herein should be understood in accordance with the meanings commonly used in the art. Accordingly, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which embodiments of the invention belong. If there is a conflict, the present specification will control.
Unless otherwise specifically stated, various raw materials, reagents, instruments, equipment and the like used in the examples of the present invention are commercially available or can be prepared by an existing method.
The main symbols and nouns explain the meaning:
NKmeans the caustic concentration of the solution, i.e. Na2OK。NCMeans the carbon-to-alkali concentration of the solution, i.e. Na2OC。NTMeans the total alkali concentration of the solution, i.e. Na2OT，Na2OT＝Na2OK+Na2OC。
Carbon total alkali ratio (N)C/NT) It refers to the ratio of carbon base to total base. Namely NC/NT＝Na2OC/Na2OT。
Stock solution, evaporated stock solution, refers to a solution that has not been evaporated. N is a radical ofKThe concentration is low, generally about 160g/L, NC/NTGenerally higher, above 12%, sometimes up to 16% or higher.
Low evaporation mother liquor, which is the solution evaporated by a falling film evaporator, NKAt 200g/L-260g/L, NC/NTComparable to, or slightly lower than, the evaporation stock.
High evaporation mother liquor, which refers to the solution after evaporation by a forced circulation evaporator, NKGenerally, the concentration is more than 260g/L, NC/NTCompared with low-evaporation mother liquor, the method is reduced.
The seed refers to salts such as sodium carbonate precipitated by evaporation. The amount of seeds refers to the dry weight.
In order to solve the technical problems, the embodiment of the invention provides the following general ideas:
through the research of adding caustic soda flakes into different mother solutions, the addition of the caustic soda flakes is adopted to improve NKConcentration, total carbon to alkali ratio of mother liquor (N)T/NC) At higher levels, e.g. a total carbon to alkali ratio of more than 12%, NKWhen the concentration is increased to more than 300g/L, the precipitated carbon alkali is very fine and is very difficult to precipitate; if the content of impurity ions in the mother liquor is increased, such as S, organic C and the like in the solution is higher, in NKDuring the increase in concentration, very fine or crystal-modified sodium carbonate may precipitate, making it difficult for the carbonate to settle out.
This requires that the mother liquor of the alkali digestion has as low a carbon-alkali content as possible, preferably the mother liquor which has already been subjected to salt precipitation. According to the field situation, the carbon-total alkali ratio of the filtrate of the salt discharge filter in the system is the lowest, the filtrate is the mother liquor after salt precipitation, the impurity content is the lowest, and the filtrate is the best choice for dissolving alkali solution.
When using caustic soda flakes to increase NKWhen the concentration promotes the precipitation of the carbon alkali, in order to prevent the generation of the carbon alkali which is too fine and thin, when the carbon-total alkali ratio of the mother liquor to be subjected to salt precipitation is higher or the impurity content is higher, the dissolved concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor to be subjected to carbon alkali reduction are fully mixed, and the concentration after mixing is preferably controlled within 300 g/L.
As can be seen from the above, according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided a method for reducing carbon alkali, as shown in fig. 1, the method including:
s1, adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt discharge filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10%, and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor;
in a preferred embodiment, the carbon-total alkali ratio of the filtrate of the salt discharge filter is less than or equal to 8 percent. The carbon-total alkali ratio is the lowest, the mother liquor is subjected to salt precipitation, the impurity content is the lowest, and the carbon-total alkali ratio is the best choice for the alkali dissolving solution. Solves the problems of superfine carbon alkali and carbon alkali denaturation and thinning which can occur during alkali dissolution. The invention provides a method for dissolving alkali by using filtrate of a salt discharge filter. The filtrate of the salt discharge filter is the solution with the lowest carbon-total alkali ratio in the system, and can effectively avoid the precipitation of extremely fine and possibly denatured carbon alkali which is not suitable for sedimentation in the alkali dissolving process, so that the subsequent carbon alkali is not sedimented and the adverse effect on salt discharge is generated.
As a preferable embodiment, the blending adopts a stirring method, and the stirring time is 30-120 min. The concentration of the concentrated alkali liquor is controlled to be 300-500 g/L. Too short stirring time is not beneficial to fully dissolving alkali; if the concentration of the concentrated alkali solution is less than 300g/L, the concentration of the concentrated alkali solution is low, which is not beneficial to the alkali solution N precipitationKThe increase in (A) affects the precipitation of the final carbon base (N)KThe higher the concentration is, the lower the equilibrium concentration of the carbon alkali is, and the more favorable the carbon alkali is to be separated out); if the concentration of the concentrated alkali liquor is more than 500g/L, the alkali dissolving time is long and the viscosity is high;
in one implementation manner of the embodiment of the invention, the alkali dissolving process is performed in an alkali dissolving tank with a stirrer, the alkali dissolving time is kept within 30-120 min, and the alkali dissolving concentration is controlled within 350-400 g/L, so that the flake alkali can be fully dissolved, and the concentration is uniform and stable.
S2, premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor to obtain a premixed solution with the concentration less than or equal to 300 g/L;
12% < N in the mother liquorC/NTWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 14%, the mother liquor is high-evaporation mother liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 270-280 g/L, and the concentrated alkali liquor and the high-evaporation mother liquor are premixed to obtain premixed liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 290-300 g/L; n in the mother liquorC/NTAnd when the concentration is more than 14%, the mother liquor is low-evaporation mother liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 220-260 g/L, and the concentrated alkali liquor and the low-evaporation mother liquor are premixed to obtain premixed liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 285-290 g/L.
Determining whether to add high-evaporation mother liquor or low-evaporation mother liquor according to the carbon-total alkali ratio of the mother liquor so that the caustic alkali concentration of the premixed liquor is controlled within a preset range, namely determining N when precipitating carbon alkaliKThe reason for the concentration is:
the application discovers that the carbon-total alkali ratio (N) of the mother liquor is determined by researchC/NT) Addition of N of the final solution of caustic soda flakesKThe concentration is preferably reduced. When N is presentC/NTWhen the concentration is more than 12%, the salt precipitation concentration can be controlled to be 290-300 g/L (the reason is that the equilibrium concentration of the carbon base is high when the salt precipitation concentration is less than 290g/L, the carbon base is separated out, and the adverse effect that the separated carbon base is easy to thin and difficult to settle when the salt precipitation concentration is more than 300 g/L), specifically, the high-evaporation mother liquor can be evaporated until N is evaporatedKAdding concentrated alkali liquor to N with the concentration of 270-280 g/LKWhen the concentration reaches 290-300 g/L, salt is separated out. The pre-mixing is followed by sedimentation, the salt precipitation effect is good, the sedimentation can be realized, and NC/NTCan reach 8-10%. The bottom flow of the settling tank enters a salt discharge filter with good filtering performance, and the filtrate N of the filterC/NTCan reach 6 to 9 percent. Due to the fact that solid sodium hydroxide is adopted, the amount of high-evaporation mother liquor with high energy consumption is correspondingly reduced, and the energy consumption of evaporation energy is reduced by 5-10%.
When N is presentC/NTWhen the concentration is more than 14 percent, the salt precipitation concentration is preferably controlled to be 285-290 g/L (because if the salt precipitation concentration is less than 285g/L, the carbon-base equilibrium concentration is high and is not beneficial to precipitation, and if the salt precipitation concentration is more than 290g/L, the carbon-base precipitated is easy to thin and is not easy to precipitate), and particularly, the salt precipitation concentration can be lowMother liquor (N)KConcentration of 220-260 g/L) and concentrated alkali liquor are mixed and then N is addedKAnd (4) salting out at 285-290 g/L. The pre-mixing is carried out for sedimentation, the salt precipitation effect is good, the sedimentation is realized, the filtering performance of the salt discharging filter entering from the bottom flow of the sedimentation tank is good, and the filtering liquid N of the filter isC/NTCan reach 7-9%. Over a period of months, System NC/NTCan reach 4-8%. Due to the adoption of the flake caustic soda, the evaporation concentration is reduced, and the steam consumption of the distilled water is reduced by 5-10%.
The caustic alkali concentration of the high-distillation mother liquor is 270-280 g/L; if the caustic alkali concentration of the high-evaporation mother liquor is more than 280g/L, the carbon alkali precipitation in the evaporation process is more, and the energy consumption is high; if the caustic alkali concentration of the high-distillation mother liquor is less than 270g/L, the adverse effect of adding solid alkali to increase the concentration cannot be fully exerted;
the caustic alkali concentration of the low-distillation mother liquor is 220-260 g/L. The caustic alkali concentration of the low-distillation mother liquor is less than 220g/L, so that the adverse effect of adding solid alkali to improve the concentration cannot be fully exerted; if the concentration is more than 260g/L, the carbon alkali precipitation in the evaporation process has the adverse effects of high energy consumption;
therefore, the N in precipitating the carbon base is determined according to the carbon total base ratio of the mother liquorKAnd (4) concentration.
Preferably, a seed solution is further added into the premix, and the addition amount of the seed solution is 0-80 g/L in terms of mass fraction. The seed liquid is added to ensure that the precipitated carbon alkali is thicker and easy to settle; if the addition amount of the seed liquid is more than 80g/L, the effective volume of the premixing tank is greatly reduced;
and S3, settling the premixed solution for salting out, and filtering to obtain low-carbon alkali filtrate.
According to another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for reducing carbon base, the apparatus including:
the alkali dissolving device 1 is used for adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt discharging filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10 percent and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor;
the mixing device 2 is used for premixing the concentrated alkali liquor, the high-evaporation mother liquor and the low-evaporation mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L; the mixing device 2 comprises a mixing groove 21, and a concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline 22, a high-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline 23, a low-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline 24 and a premixed liquor discharging pipeline 25 which are arranged on the mixing groove 21; the concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline of the mixing tank is communicated with the alkali dissolving device;
the settling device 3 is used for settling and salting out the premixed liquid; the sedimentation device 3 is positioned at the bottom of the mixing device 2, and two ends of the premixed liquid discharging pipeline 25 are respectively communicated with the mixing groove 21 and the sedimentation device 3.
According to the equipment for reducing the carbon alkali provided by the embodiment of the invention, the well-melted concentrated alkali liquor is pumped into the mixing tank 21 at the top of the settling tank and is mixed with the matched mother liquor to be subjected to salt discharge until the concentration is within 300 g/L. The dissolved concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor which needs to reduce the carbon alkali are premixed in the mixing tank and then flow into the sedimentation device, so that the concentration can be well stabilized, and the precipitation and sedimentation of the carbon alkali can be prevented from being influenced by overhigh or overlow local concentration.
In this embodiment, a stirring assembly is arranged in the alkali dissolving device; the alkali is dissolved fully by better mixing;
in this embodiment, the mixing groove 21 may have a cylindrical shape, a rectangular parallelepiped shape, a square shape, or other shapes.
In a preferred embodiment, a seed liquid pipe 26 is further disposed on the mixing trough 21, and both ends of the seed liquid pipe 26 are respectively connected to the mixing trough 21 and a seed slurry pump. The seed liquid is added to ensure that the precipitated carbon alkali is coarse and easy to settle.
A method and an apparatus for reducing carbon base according to the present application will be described in detail with reference to examples, comparative examples and experimental data.
In situ, in a Bayer process plant, the carbon and alkali content of the system is high, and the stock solution NC/NTThe content was 15%. The current system adopts caustic soda flake supplement, and the carbon alkali of the system is expected to be reduced by adding the caustic soda flake. The salt-removing settling tank is adopted to overflow for dissolving alkali, the alkali dissolving tank does not stir, the fluctuation of the discharge concentration of the alkali dissolving tank is large, sometimes 400g/L, sometimes 300g/L, and sometimes the existence of dissolved flake alkali is found, the flake alkali directly enters the settling tank to be mixed with high-steaming mother liquor, and a special mixing device is not provided,a large amount of caustic soda flakes is added, and the salting-out amount is little or basically no salting-out is caused. The addition of the flake caustic soda is large, so that the effect of reducing the carbon alkali is not great. As the carbon alkali of the system is high and is difficult to reduce all the time, clear requirements are put on the used bauxite, and the CaO content is not more than 0.5 percent, so as to control the entry of high carbonate ore.
Example 1
The invention provides a device for reducing carbon alkali
An apparatus for reducing carbon alkali, as shown in fig. 2-4, the apparatus comprising:
the alkali dissolving device 1 is used for adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt discharging filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10 percent and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor; a stirring component is arranged in the alkali dissolving device;
the mixing device 2 is used for premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the high-evaporation mother liquor/low-evaporation mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L; the mixing device comprises a mixing groove, and a concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline, a high-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline, a low-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline and a premixed liquor discharging pipeline which are arranged on the mixing groove; the concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline of the mixing tank is communicated with the alkali dissolving device; specifically, as shown in FIGS. 3 to 4, the mixing bowl volume was 0.5m3-1m3The device is a cylindrical device, a feeding system is arranged on one side of the device, 4 pipelines are arranged on the upper portion of the device, one of the pipelines is a concentrated alkali liquor feeding pipe which is well melted, and the other three pipelines are respectively a low-steaming mother liquor feeding pipe, a high-steaming mother liquor feeding pipe and a seed liquor feeding pipe. The other side of the barrel body is provided with a discharge pipe, and the premixed feed liquid flows into the settling tank through the discharge pipe.
The settling device 3 is used for settling and salting out the premixed liquid; the sedimentation device is positioned at the bottom of the mixing device, and two ends of the premixed liquid discharging pipeline are respectively communicated with the mixing groove and the sedimentation device.
Secondly, the method for reducing carbon alkali by adopting the equipment
In a Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 13%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT7.5% of the alkali solution is used as the alkali dissolving solution, and the flake alkali is firstly arranged in the alkali device 1Dissolving alkali for 30min to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
the concentrated alkali liquor is pumped to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge settling tank device 3 and the high-boiling mother liquor NK275g/L to obtain NK295g/L of premixed liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT7.5 to 9 percent.
Example 2
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 13%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT6 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, the flake alkali is dissolved in the alkali device 1 for 120min before the alkali device 1, and N is obtainedK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK280g/L to obtain NK295g/L of premixed liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT6 to 8 percent.
Example 3
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 14%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT7.5 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved in the alkali device 1 for 30min to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK275g/L to obtain NK300g/L of premixed liquid;
mixing the premix withThe sedimentation device 3 is used for carrying out sedimentation and salt separation, sodium carbonate is separated out in the sedimentation tank, the sedimentation performance is good, the salt discharge effect is good, and after the filter is filtered by the filter at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT7 to 8.5 percent.
Example 4
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 15%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. Filtrate N is obtained by adopting a salt discharge filterC/NT9 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 120min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK270g/L to obtain NK290g/L of premix liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NTIs 7 to 9 percent.
Example 5
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 16%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. Filtrate N is obtained by adopting a salt discharge filterC/NT9 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 30min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK270g/L to obtain NK290g/L of premix liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT8 to 9 percent.
Example 6
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 15%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. Filtrate N is obtained by adopting a salt discharge filterC/NT8 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 90min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and low-steaming mother liquor NK240g/L to obtain NK290g/L of premix liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT7.5 to 9 percent.
Example 7
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 15%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT9 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 120min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and low-steaming mother liquor NK220g/L to obtain NK290g/L of premix liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NTIs 7 to 9 percent.
Example 8
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 13%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT8 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 30min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquorThe mixing groove 21 and the high-steaming mother liquor N to the top of the salt discharge settling device 3K270g/L to obtain NK300g/L of premixed liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT7.5 to 9 percent. Through effective operation for nearly two months, the carbon and alkali content of the system is gradually reduced to be about 7 percent, and the bauxite with high carbonate can be treated.
Example 9
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 15%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT9 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 30min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and low-steaming mother liquor NK240g/L to obtain NK290g/L of premix liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT8 to 9 percent. Through effective control for two or more months, the carbon alkali of the system is gradually reduced to be about 8 percent, and the bauxite with high carbonate can be treated.
Example 10
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 11%, and caustic soda flakes are used for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT7 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 30min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK350g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK270g/L to obtain NK300g/L of premixed liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NTIs 7 to 8 percent. After effective control for more than one month, the carbon alkali of the system is gradually reduced to be about 6 percent, and the bauxite with high carbonate can be treated.
Example 11
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 10%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT6 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 30min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK340g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK280g/L to obtain NK310g/L of premix liquid;
the premixed solution is settled and desalted in the settling device 3, sodium carbonate is separated out in a settling tank, the settling property is good, the salt discharging effect is good, after the filtering is carried out on the bottom of the settling tank by a filter, the filtrate N is obtainedC/NT5 to 7 percent. After effective control for more than one month, the carbon alkali of the system is gradually reduced to be about 5 percent, and the bauxite with high carbonate can be treated.
Example 12
The method for reducing the carbon alkali by adopting the equipment in the embodiment 1 comprises the following steps:
in a certain Bayer process plant, the total carbon-alkali ratio of the system is 9%, and caustic soda flakes are adopted for supplementing caustic soda. The filtrate N of a salt discharge filter is adopted during alkali supplementC/NT5 percent of the sodium hydroxide is used as alkali dissolving liquid, and the caustic soda flakes are dissolved for 30min in the alkali device 1 to obtain NK380g/L of concentrated alkali liquor;
pumping the concentrated alkali liquor to the mixing tank 21 at the top of the salt discharge and sedimentation device 3 and highly evaporating mother liquor NK280g/L to obtain NK320g/L of premix liquid;
mixing the premix with the solutionThe sedimentation device 3 is used for carrying out sedimentation and salt separation, sodium carbonate is separated out in the sedimentation tank, the sedimentation performance is good, the salt discharge effect is good, and after the filter is filtered by the filter at the bottom of the sedimentation tank, the filtrate NC/NT4 to 6.5 percent. Through effective control in a month, the carbon alkali of the system is gradually reduced to be about 4 percent, and the bauxite with high carbonate can be treated.
Comparative example 1
In this comparative example, the "filtrate of the salt rejection filter having a carbon total alkali ratio of less than 10" was replaced with "filtrate of the salt rejection filter having a carbon total alkali ratio of 11", and the other steps were the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2
In this comparative example, the concentration of the premix was 400g/L, and the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3
In this comparative example, the caustic concentration of the high evaporation mother liquor was 260g/L, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4
In this comparative example, the caustic concentration of the high evaporation mother liquor was 290g/L, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5
In this comparative example, the caustic concentration of the low-distillation mother liquor was 200g/L, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 6.
Comparative example 6
In this comparative example, the caustic concentration of the low-distillation mother liquor was 300g/L, and the rest of the procedure was the same as in example 6.
Experimental example 1
The filtrate N obtained in each example and each comparative example was determined and countedC/NTThe values are shown in table 1 below:
TABLE 1
As can be seen from the data in Table 1:
in the comparative example 1, the carbon total alkali ratio of the filtrate of the salt discharging filter is 11 percent, which is larger than the range that the carbon total alkali ratio is less than 10 percent in the embodiment of the invention, so that the defect that superfine carbon alkali is easily separated out during alkali dissolving exists, the final solution is difficult to separate out carbon alkali, the separated carbon alkali is superfine and difficult to settle, and the salt discharging effect is not realized;
in the comparative example 2, the concentration of the premixed solution is 400g/L which is greater than the range that the concentration of the premixed solution is less than or equal to 300g/L in the embodiment of the invention, and the defect of precipitation of superfine carbon alkali in the premixing process exists, so that the carbon alkali in the final solution is difficult to precipitate, the precipitated carbon alkali is extremely fine and difficult to precipitate, and the salt discharge effect is avoided;
in the comparative example 3, the caustic alkali concentration of the high-boiling mother liquor is 260g/L, which is less than the range of the embodiment of the invention, so that the defects that the quantity of concentrated alkali liquor to be supplemented is increased, the solid alkali supplement and salt removal efficiency is influenced exist, and the carbon alkali of the system can be reduced in a longer time;
in comparative example 4, where the caustic concentration of the high-distillation mother liquor was 290g/L, which is larger than the range of the examples of the present invention, there was a difficulty in controlling N after premixingKThe disadvantages are that;
in the comparative example 5, the caustic alkali concentration of the low-boiling mother liquor is 200g/L, which is less than the range of the embodiment of the invention, so that the defects that the quantity of concentrated alkali liquor to be supplemented is increased, the solid alkali supplement and salt removal efficiency is influenced exist, and the carbon alkali of the system can be reduced in a longer time;
in comparative example 6, where the caustic concentration of the low-distillation mother liquor was 270g/L, which is larger than the range of the example of the present invention, there was a case where if the low-distillation mother liquor N is carried out by a falling-film evaporator since the low-distillation mother liquor is carried out by a falling-film evaporatorKThe concentration reaches 270g/L, which can block the falling film evaporator and influence the normal operation of the system;
examples 1-12 the evaporation energy consumption is reduced by 5% -10%, and for the solution with the carbon total alkali ratio of more than 12%, the carbon alkali of the system can be gradually reduced to 7% -9% and finally stabilized to 4% -6% through effective control operation for more than one to two months. Finally, the purposes of fully utilizing the added flake caustic soda to reduce the carbon caustic soda of the system and simultaneously reducing the evaporation energy consumption are achieved.
Finally, it should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
While preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described, additional variations and modifications in those embodiments may occur to those skilled in the art once they learn of the basic inventive concepts. Therefore, it is intended that the appended claims be interpreted as including preferred embodiments and all such alterations and modifications as fall within the scope of the embodiments of the invention.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made in the embodiments of the present invention without departing from the spirit or scope of the embodiments of the invention. Thus, if such modifications and variations of the embodiments of the present invention fall within the scope of the claims of the embodiments of the present invention and their equivalents, the embodiments of the present invention are also intended to encompass such modifications and variations.
Claims (10)
1. A method for reducing carbon base, the method comprising:
adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt elimination filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10%, and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor;
premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L;
and settling the premixed solution for salting out, and filtering to obtain low-carbon alkali filtrate.
2. The method for reducing the carbon alkali according to claim 1, wherein the premixing the concentrated alkali solution and the mother solution to obtain a premixed solution with a concentration of less than or equal to 300g/L comprises the following steps:
12% < N in the mother liquorC/NTWhen the concentration is less than or equal to 14%, the mother liquor is high-evaporation mother liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 270-280 g/L, and the concentrated alkali liquor and the high-evaporation mother liquor are mixedPremixing the mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 290-300 g/L;
n in the mother liquorC/NTAnd when the concentration is more than 14%, the mother liquor is low-evaporation mother liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 220-260 g/L, and the concentrated alkali liquor and the low-evaporation mother liquor are premixed to obtain premixed liquor with caustic alkali concentration of 285-290 g/L.
3. The method for reducing the carbon alkali according to claim 1, wherein the carbon total alkali ratio of the filtrate of the salt discharge filter is less than or equal to 8 percent.
4. The method for reducing the carbon alkali according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the concentrated alkali solution is controlled to be 300-500 g/L.
5. The method for reducing the carbon alkali according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the concentrated alkali solution is controlled to be 350-400 g/L.
6. The method for reducing the carbon alkali content as claimed in claim 1, wherein a seed solution is further added to the premix, and the addition amount of the seed solution is 0-80 g/L in terms of mass fraction.
7. The method for reducing the carbon alkali content according to claim 1, wherein a stirring method is adopted for uniformly mixing, and the stirring time is 30-120 min.
8. An apparatus for reducing carbon base, the apparatus comprising:
the alkali dissolving device is used for adding solid sodium hydroxide into the filtrate of the salt discharging filter with the carbon total alkali ratio less than 10% and uniformly mixing to obtain concentrated alkali liquor;
the mixing device is used for premixing the concentrated alkali liquor and the high-evaporation mother liquor/low-evaporation mother liquor to obtain premixed liquor with the concentration of less than or equal to 300 g/L; the mixing device comprises a mixing groove, and a concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline, a high-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline, a low-evaporation mother liquor conveying pipeline and a premixed liquor discharging pipeline which are arranged on the mixing groove; the concentrated alkali liquor conveying pipeline of the mixing tank is communicated with the alkali dissolving device;
the settling device is used for settling and salting out the premixed liquid; the sedimentation device is positioned at the bottom of the mixing device, and two ends of the premixed liquid discharging pipeline are respectively communicated with the mixing groove and the sedimentation device.
9. The apparatus for reducing carbon alkali according to claim 8, wherein a seed liquid pipeline is further disposed on the mixing trough, and both ends of the seed liquid pipeline are respectively communicated with the mixing trough and the seed slurry pump.
10. The apparatus for reducing the carbon alkali according to claim 8, wherein a stirring assembly is arranged in the alkali dissolving device.
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