CN113212187A

CN113212187A - Power device and application

Info

Publication number: CN113212187A
Application number: CN202110571216.3A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 蒋勇; 林滔; 毛履国
Original assignee: Shanghai Hongrong Information Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Shanghai Hongrong Information Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2020-11-02
Filing date: 2021-05-25
Publication date: 2021-08-06
Also published as: CN112356686A

Abstract

A power plant, comprising: the power battery comprises at least 2 battery units, namely a first battery unit and a second battery unit; the power generation device is connected with 2 battery units of the power battery through a first change-over switch and is used for charging the 2 battery units; and the driving motor is connected with the 2 battery units and is used for outputting power. And the 2 battery units are connected with the driving motor through a second change-over switch, so that only 1 battery unit is always connected with the driving motor when the power device works.

Description

Power device and application

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy, and particularly relates to a power device comprising at least 2 battery units and application thereof.

Background

The existing electric vehicle running on land, sailing on water or flying in the air adopts a battery (group) as a power energy source, solves the problem that the internal combustion engine discharges polluted air, but the electric vehicle and ship have the defects that:

1. electric vehicles, ships or aircraft usually use single cell units, and cannot supplement electric energy during discharging, and usually can only meet the requirement of short-distance operation.

2. When the electric vehicle runs for a long distance, the electric vehicle needs to stop for many times on the way, and then direct current quick charging is carried out to supplement electric energy so as to increase the endurance mileage.

3. During long-distance navigation, a ship or an aircraft sailing in a waterway (or in the air) needs to be stopped (or landed) on the way to carry out direct-current quick charging and supplement electric energy so as to increase the endurance mileage.

4. If the power battery is charged in the direct-current quick charging mode, although the charging time is short, the charging amount is small, and the service life of the battery is influenced by frequent charging.

5. The continuous working time of the single battery unit is long, which easily causes the over-high temperature of the battery and influences the service life of the battery.

6. The current stroke-increasing automobile adopts a design concept of 'small battery-large stroke-increasing'. The power generation device directly supplies power to the driving motor, so that the output current and voltage change along with the change of load, and the fuel consumption is large, and the volume and the mass are large. For extended range vehicles using fuel cells as power sources, excessive loads can also reduce the service life of the fuel cells.

Disclosure of Invention

In one embodiment of the invention, a vehicle-mounted power device comprises

The power battery comprises at least 2 battery units, namely a first battery unit and a second battery unit;

the power generation device is connected with the 2 battery units through a first change-over switch and is used for charging the 2 battery units;

and the driving motor is connected with the 2 battery units and is used for outputting power.

According to the embodiment of the invention, the problems of the power battery in the existing electric vehicle in the charging and discharging process are solved by controlling the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery units, so that the one-time driving mileage of the vehicle is prolonged, and the service life of the battery is prolonged.

Drawings

The above and other objects, features and advantages of exemplary embodiments of the present invention will become readily apparent from the following detailed description read in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Several embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example, and not by way of limitation, in the figures of the accompanying drawings and in which:

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a power plant according to one embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic block diagram of a multi-cell intelligent charging and discharging management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a block diagram of a main program of a multi-cell intelligent charging and discharging management system according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a flowchart of a timer interrupt battery charge level detection subroutine according to one embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the power plant according to one embodiment of the present invention.

100-power generation device, 200-first change-over switch, 300-first battery unit, 400-second battery unit, 500-second change-over switch, 600-driving motor.

Detailed Description

In accordance with one or more embodiments, as shown in FIG. 1. A power device comprises a power battery, a plurality of battery units and a control unit, wherein the power battery comprises at least a first battery unit and a second battery unit; the power generation device is connected with the 2 battery units through a first change-over switch and is used for charging the 2 battery units; the driving motor is connected with the 2 battery units and used for outputting power; the 2 battery units are connected with the driving motor through the second change-over switch; the battery management unit is used for controlling the selection switching and the charging process of the battery unit; the driving motor is used for providing power for an electric vehicle, an electric ship or an electric aircraft; the power generation device can be detachable and is convenient to remove from the power device, and the power generation device is a mobile power generation device. The power generation device can be a machine for converting heat energy into electric energy through a combustion process of gasoline, diesel oil or methanol. A fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like may be used.

Taking a vehicle running on a land as an example, aiming at the defects in the prior art, the multi-battery-cell intelligent charging and discharging management system (namely the battery management cell, hereinafter referred to as "multi-battery intelligent management system") based on the mobile power generation device is adopted, and the beneficial effects of the embodiment of the invention comprise:

1. in the long-distance driving process, the multi-battery intelligent management system is adopted to control the mobile power generation device to implement real-time multi-battery unit cyclic charging, so that the electric quantity required by long-distance driving is guaranteed.

The mobile power generation device has simple structure, low cost and convenient disassembly and installation. Here, the mobile power generation apparatus may employ a single-phase household small-sized alternator currently on the market, having an output voltage of 220V, or a mobile fuel cell, and the rated power may be determined according to the power cell. Because the selected power generation device has smaller volume, the portable power generation device is convenient to carry and install on a vehicle.

It is understood that currently 90% of private cars generally accumulate long distance travel times of no more than 30 days per year. Therefore, when the vehicle does not need to travel for a long distance, the mobile power generation device can be detached, and the vehicle owner sharing can be realized. When long-distance driving is needed, charging of the charging pile after parking can be achieved, and the power generation device can be mounted on a vehicle to achieve switching charging of different battery units during driving.

2. In the long-distance driving process, the multi-battery intelligent management system is adopted to control the plurality of battery units to be recycled, so that the electric quantity (SOC) of each battery unit is controlled to be not less than 40%.

When the electric quantity (SOC) is lower than 90%, the mobile power generation device can be used for real-time charging, so that the charging time is saved in the driving process, and the influence of direct-current quick charging on the service life of the battery is avoided.

3. The electric quantity (SOC) of the single battery unit also needs to be controlled during short-distance running. On the premise of meeting the requirement of short-distance driving, the multi-battery intelligent management system controls the charging and discharging of the plurality of battery units, so that the electric quantity of each battery unit is controlled between 40 and 90 percent.

4. The multi-battery intelligent management system controls the circular discharge of each battery unit, and can solve the problem of overhigh temperature caused by overlong continuous working time of a single battery unit.

5. The current design concept of 'small battery-large range' of the extended range type automobile is changed into 'large battery-small range'. The large battery is the vehicle-mounted power generation device (small range extension) which is used for increasing the driving range (200-300) ㎞ on the basis of the basic driving range (400-500) ㎞. As shown in fig. 5, after the device of the embodiment of the invention is used, the vehicle-mounted power generation device does not directly participate in driving the load, but drives the load through the power battery, and the power battery can be composed of a single group or multiple groups of battery units, so that the power generation device is not influenced by load change in operation, can keep constant working conditions, has a simple structure, a small volume and a light weight, and has the advantages of low manufacturing cost and long service life compared with a traditional engine or an existing hydrogen fuel battery. In addition, the fuel consumption is extremely low due to the constant operating condition.

According to one or more embodiments, a power plant includes a plurality of battery units, a power generation device, a driving motor for providing power for an electric vehicle, an electric ship, or an electric aircraft, and a battery management unit. The power device also comprises a charger, the charger is connected with the battery unit, after the charger is electrically connected with an external charging pile, the battery unit is charged through the external charging pile, and the charger can be direct current or alternating current.

The battery management unit is provided with a battery unit charging upper limit value and a battery unit discharging lower limit value, and controls the capacity of the battery unit according to the battery unit charging upper limit value and the battery unit discharging lower limit value, so that the capacity of the battery unit is always controlled between the discharging lower limit value and the charging upper limit value.

Furthermore, the battery management unit is provided with a rated charging voltage value and a rated charging current value, and the charging voltage and the charging current of the battery unit are limited according to the rated charging voltage value and the rated charging current value in the process of controlling the charging process of the battery unit.

Further, the battery management unit monitors and controls the temperature of the battery unit when performing charge control on the battery unit.

According to one or more embodiments, a multi-battery intelligent management system schematic block diagram (taking 4 battery cells as an example) is shown in fig. 2.

The multi-battery intelligent management system mainly comprises a battery unit, a battery detection unit, a KM 0-KM 3 discharge control relay, a KM 4-KM 7 charge control relay, eight driving circuits, a motor controller, an AC/DC inverter, a mobile generator, an alternating current charger and a single chip microcomputer intelligent management system.

1) The battery detection unit can respectively detect real-time voltage, current and temperature signals of 4 battery units, and the signals are input into a port P1 of the singlechip in a time-sharing manner through the analog electronic switch to perform A/D conversion;

2) the eight-path driving circuit is used for driving 8 relay coils;

3) the motor controller mainly converts direct current of the battery unit, and drives the motor after the direct current is amplified by the speed regulating circuit and the power;

4) the AC/DC inverter can convert 220V alternating current output by the alternating current charger or the mobile generator into AC to DC, and then the charging circuit carries out direct current slow charging on the battery unit;

5) the alternating current charger can slowly charge the parking space of the vehicle;

6) the mobile power generation device can implement the circulating slow charging of the real-time battery unit when the vehicle runs for a long distance;

7) the intelligent management system of the single chip microcomputer is the core of the multi-battery intelligent management system, and the intelligent charging and discharging management of the multi-battery units is implemented according to a designed program.

The multi-battery intelligent management system program block diagrams are shown in fig. 3 and 4 (taking 4 battery units as an example). The program consists of a main program and a timed interrupt subprogram. The main program mainly realizes the intelligent charging and discharging decision of the battery unit, automatically switches the charging and discharging of the battery according to the current voltage, current, electric quantity (SOC) and other parameters of the battery, and controls the charging upper limit value and the discharging lower limit value of the battery unit, so that the capacity of the battery unit is always controlled between the discharging lower limit value and the charging upper limit value; the timed interrupt subprogram mainly realizes the collection and processing of parameters such as voltage, current, electric quantity (SOC), temperature and the like of each battery unit.

The multi-battery intelligent management system includes a discharging process to the driving motor, a charging process to the mobile power generation device, and a charging process to the ac charger, which are respectively described as follows.

1) And (5) discharging the driving motor.

(1) If the battery detection unit detects that the electric quantity SOC of each of the 4 battery units is more than or equal to 60 percent:

when the vehicle key is ON, a battery level detection program is executed to detect a battery unit A (0)^*The corresponding position of the I/O interface P0 outputs low level, and the relay KM [ A (0)]^**Coil energized, KM [ A (0)]And (5) attracting the contact to enable the battery unit A (0) to supply power to the motor controller. Wherein the content of the first and second substances,

battery cell a (0) represents the battery cell that detected the most amount of charge SOC, and so on;

and the relay KM [ A (0) ] represents a control relay corresponding to the battery unit with the most detected electric quantity SOC, and the rest are analogized in sequence.

Secondly, the battery detection unit inquires the battery power every Xms in real time, when the SOC of the battery unit A (0) is detected to be reduced by 20%, a corresponding bit delay Yms of an I/O interface P0 outputs a high level, so that a relay KM (A (0)) coil is delayed by Yms and loses power, and the battery unit A (0) is delayed by Yms to stop supplying power to the motor controller.

At the moment, the corresponding position of the I/O interface P0 outputs low level, a coil of the relay KM [ A (1) ] is electrified, and a KM [ A (1) ] contact is attracted, so that the battery unit A (1) supplies power to the motor controller;

and thirdly, when the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery unit A (1) is reduced by 20%, the corresponding bit delay Yms of the I/O interface P0 outputs high level, so that the coil delay Yms of the relay KM [ A (1) ] is de-energized, and the delay Yms of the battery unit A (1) stops supplying power to the motor controller.

At the moment, the corresponding position of the I/O interface P0 outputs low level, a coil of the relay KM [ A (2) ] is electrified, and a KM [ A (2) ] contact is attracted, so that the battery unit A (2) supplies power to the motor controller;

and fourthly, when the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery unit A (2) is reduced by 20%, the corresponding bit delay Yms of the I/O interface P0 outputs a high level, so that the coil delay Yms of the relay KM [ A (2) ] is de-energized, the contact delay Yms of the KM [ A (2) ] is disconnected, and the delay Yms of the battery unit A (2) stops supplying power to the motor controller.

At the moment, the corresponding position of the I/O interface P0 outputs low level, the coil of the relay KM [ A (3) ] is electrified, and the KM [ A (3) ] contact is attracted, so that the battery unit A (3) supplies power to the motor controller.

Repeating the first step, and continuously implementing intelligent circular discharge … ….

(2) If the battery detection unit detects that the electric quantity of each of the 4 battery units is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60% of SOC:

when a vehicle key is ON, a battery power detection program is executed, a battery unit A (0) is detected, a corresponding position of an I/O interface P0 outputs a low level, a coil of a relay KM [ A (0) ] is electrified, and a contact of KM [ A (0) ] is attracted, so that the battery unit A (0) supplies power to a motor controller.

And secondly, when the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery unit A (0) is reduced by 10%, the corresponding bit delay Yms of the I/O interface P0 outputs a high level, so that the relay KM (A (0)) coil is delayed Yms to lose power, and the battery unit A (0) is delayed Yms to stop supplying power to the motor controller.

and thirdly, when the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery unit A (1) is reduced by 10%, the corresponding bit delay Yms of the I/O interface P0 outputs high level, so that the coil delay Yms of the relay KM [ A (1) ] is de-energized, and the delay Yms of the battery unit A (1) stops supplying power to the motor controller.

and fourthly, when the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery unit A (2) is reduced by 10%, the corresponding bit delay Yms of the I/O interface P0 outputs a high level, and the coil delay Yms of the relay KM [ A (2) ] loses power, so that the delay Yms of the battery unit A (2) stops supplying power to the motor controller.

(3) If the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the electric quantity of the 4 battery units is less than or equal to 40%, the vehicle controller sends an instruction to the multi-battery-unit intelligent charging and discharging management system to force the battery units to be disconnected with the motor controller, and power supply is stopped.

2) A mobile power plant charging process.

If the battery detection unit detects that the electric quantity SOC of the battery unit A (0) is more than or equal to 60 percent:

and simultaneously charging the 2 batteries with the lowest electric quantity. The mobile power generation device is started to implement real-time direct-current slow charging through the I/O interface P1.7, the interfaces P0.4-P0.7 and corresponding relay control in KM 4-KM 7.

When the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery is charged to 90%, stopping charging the mobile power generation device;

if the battery detection unit detects that the electric quantity of the battery unit A (0) is more than or equal to 40% and less than or equal to 60% of SOC:

and charging the 1 battery with the lowest electric quantity. The mobile power generation device is started to implement real-time direct-current slow charging through the I/O interfaces P1.7 and P0.4-P0.7 and corresponding relay control in KM 4-KM 7.

When the battery detection unit detects that the SOC of the battery is charged to 80%, stopping charging the mobile power generation device;

and thirdly, repeating the first step, and continuously performing real-time cyclic charging, … ….

3) And (4) charging process of the alternating current charger.

When a vehicle is parked in a parking space with the alternating current charger, the key of the vehicle is turned OFF, and the direct current slow charging of the alternating current charger is implemented through the control of the I/O interfaces P1.6, P0.4-P0.7 and the relays KM 4-KM 7.

4) Battery temperature detection

In the process of charging or discharging the battery units, once a certain battery unit is overheated, an emergency program is immediately executed, a corresponding charging or discharging relay of the battery unit is cut off, and the other battery units are switched to continue to execute the charging and discharging management program.

According to one or more embodiments, an electric vehicle or an electric boat or an electric vehicle is provided with a power plant as described in the previous embodiments. The power device comprises a plurality of battery units, at least a first battery unit and a second battery unit; the power generation device is connected with the 2 battery units through a first change-over switch and is used for charging the 2 battery units; the driving motor is connected with the 2 battery units and used for outputting power; the 2 battery units are connected with the driving motor through the second change-over switch; the battery management unit is used for controlling the selection switching and the charging process of the battery unit; the driving motor is used for providing power for an electric vehicle, an electric ship or an electric aircraft; the power generation device can be detachable and is convenient to remove from the power device, and the power generation device is a mobile power generation device. The power generation device may be a machine that converts heat energy into electric energy through a combustion process of gasoline, diesel oil or methanol, and may also be a fuel cell, a solar cell, or the like.

The beneficial effects of the invention compared with the prior art comprise:

1. and a multi-battery intelligent management system is adopted to control the plurality of battery units to discharge circularly according to the electric quantity signal of the battery.

2. And a multi-battery intelligent management system is adopted to control the plurality of battery units to discharge circularly according to the temperature signal of the battery.

3. In the running process of the vehicle, a multi-battery intelligent management system is adopted, and the mobile power generation device is controlled to carry out real-time intelligent cyclic charging on a plurality of battery units according to the electric quantity signal of the battery.

4. When the vehicle is charged by the external charger, the multi-battery intelligent management system is adopted, and the alternating current charger is controlled to charge the plurality of battery units simultaneously according to the electric quantity signal of the battery.

5. The multi-battery intelligent management system can control the electric quantity of each battery unit to be between 40 and 90 percent.

It should be noted that while the foregoing has described the spirit and principles of the invention with reference to several specific embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the disclosed embodiments, nor is the division of aspects, which is for convenience only as the features in these aspects cannot be combined. The invention is intended to cover various modifications and equivalent arrangements included within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Claims

1. A power plant is characterized by comprising

the power generation device is connected with 2 battery units of the power battery through a first change-over switch and is used for charging the 2 battery units;

2. The power device according to claim 1, wherein the 2 battery units are connected with the driving motor through a second change-over switch, so that only 1 battery unit is always connected with the driving motor when the power device works.

3. The power plant of claim 1, wherein the drive motor is configured to power an electric vehicle, an electric boat, or an electric aircraft.

4. The power plant of claim 1, further comprising a battery management unit for controlling the selective switching and charging process of the battery cells.

5. A power plant according to claim 1, wherein the power plant is of an assembled demountable construction for easy removal from the power plant.

6. The power plant of claim 1 or 2, wherein the power generation device generates electric energy through fuel combustion or a chemical reaction process and keeps operating at a constant working condition.

7. The power device of claim 1, further comprising a charger coupled to the power battery, wherein the charger is configured to charge the power battery via an external charging post when the charger is electrically coupled to the external charging post.

8. The power plant of claim 4, wherein the battery management unit is provided with a battery cell charging upper limit value and a battery cell discharging lower limit value, and the battery management unit controls the battery cell capacity according to the battery cell charging upper limit value and the battery cell discharging lower limit value, so that the capacity of the battery cell is always controlled between the discharging lower limit value and the charging upper limit value.

9. The power plant of claim 8, wherein the battery management unit is provided with a nominal charging voltage value and a nominal charging current value, and the charging voltage and the charging current of the battery unit are limited according to the nominal charging voltage value and the nominal charging current value in controlling the charging process of the battery unit.

10. The power plant of claim 9, wherein the battery management unit monitors and controls the temperature of the power battery, selects a single battery cell charging mode or a multiple battery cell synchronous charging mode to charge and control the power battery,

the single battery unit charging mode is that the battery management unit charges the battery units one by one from low to high according to the sequence of the electric quantity of each battery unit;

the plurality of battery cell synchronous charging mode is a mode in which the battery management unit simultaneously charges the battery cells.