CN113208639A - Real-time estimation system for human vital capacity - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention relates to a real-time estimation system of human lung capacity, comprising: the lung acquisition mechanism is arranged at the position of the lung of the physical examination person, and performs scanning operation on the region of the lung of the physical examination person in a scanning mode that the distance from the lung to the physical examination person is equal to a preset distance by adopting X-rays so as to obtain a corresponding current scanning picture; the lung capacity estimation mechanism is used for estimating the current lung capacity of the physical examination person based on the received number mean value and the estimated distance, the number mean value is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination person, and the estimated distance is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination person. By adopting the X-ray scanning detection instrument, the detection of important parameters including various lung indexes such as pulmonary nodules of a human body, the lung capacity of the human body and the like can be completed by adopting the same X-ray scanning detection instrument, so that physical examination personnel do not need to rush to different places and different equipment, and too many workers are not needed, and the intelligentization level of the physical examination equipment is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of physical examination equipment, in particular to a real-time estimation system for human body vital capacity.
Background
The lung capacity is closely related to the respiration of a person. Physiological studies have shown that: every organ, system, tissue and cell of human body consume oxygen at every moment, and the body can normally work only under the condition of sufficient oxygen supply. The oxygen supply inside the human body is entirely obtained by the respiration of the lungs, which not only take in oxygen but also expel carbon dioxide metabolized in the body during respiration. We can consider this as follows: the lung is a transfer station for gas exchange of the body, and the volume of the transfer station directly determines the amount of respiratory gas exchanged each time, which is the most intuitive and objective index for detecting the lung function.
The low value of the vital capacity detection (compared with the normal value) indicates that the oxygen intake capacity and the exhaust capacity of the body are poor, the oxygen supply in the human body is insufficient, and some work of the body cannot be normal. In case of a large consumption of oxygen by the body (such as a long time of learning, working, strenuous exercise), a serious shortage of oxygen supply occurs, resulting in adverse reactions such as headache, dizziness, chest distress, listlessness, inattention, memory deterioration, insomnia, etc., which not only affect learning and working, but also cause many irreparable losses to physical health.
The lung capacity varies depending on sex and age, and men are significantly higher than women. Before the age of 20, the lung capacity gradually increases with age, and after the age of 20, the increase is not obvious. The lung capacity of adult men is 3500-4000 ml, and that of adult women is 2500-3000 ml. The amount of vital capacity depends mainly on the degree of relaxation of the chest wall in expansion and contraction. The lung capacity decreases with age, and decreases by 9% -27% every 10 years, but the lung capacity of people who insist on physical exercise for a long time can still keep normal.
The physical training can obviously improve the vital capacity, for example, the physical training can be regularly done with bare hands such as expanding chest, shaking arms and the like, and the physical training can insist on durable running, swimming, playing football, playing basketball, returning running and the like, and the vital capacity of middle and long distance runners and swimmers can reach more than 6000 ml.
At present, in carrying out conventional physical examination or directional physical examination, the detection of human lung capacity all needs special detecting instrument to carry out the detection of corresponding parameter, simultaneously, when carrying out X-ray scanning to human lung nodule etc. needs the detecting instrument that the theory of operation is totally different to realize again, and like this, the physical examination personnel need make a round trip to rush to different places and different equipment, and the staff also need increase at double.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems in the related field, the invention provides a real-time human lung capacity estimation system which can adopt the same X-ray scanning detection instrument to simultaneously complete the detection of important parameters of various lung indexes such as human lung nodules, human lung capacity and the like, so that physical examination personnel do not need to rush to different places and different devices, and the labor cost of physical examination is also reduced.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following two important invention points:
(1) estimating and averaging the imaging area occupied by the left and right lungs of the physical examination person to obtain a quantity average value representing corresponding lung visual parameters, and estimating the real-time distance from the physical examination person to the scanning head to obtain an estimated distance, so that the lung capacity of the physical examination person is intelligently analyzed while pulmonary nodules of the physical examination person are detected;
(2) estimating the current lung capacity of the physical examination person based on the number average and the estimated distance, the number average being positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination person, and the estimated distance being positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination person.
According to an aspect of the present invention, there is provided a real-time estimation system for human lung capacity, the system comprising:
the lung acquisition mechanism is arranged at the position of the lung of the physical examination person, and performs scanning operation on the region of the lung of the physical examination person in a scanning mode that the distance from the lung to the physical examination person is equal to a preset distance by adopting X-rays so as to obtain a corresponding current scanning picture;
the lung collecting mechanism is internally provided with an infrared sensor and an X-ray collecting head, wherein the infrared sensor is arranged on the X-ray collecting head and used for detecting whether the distance from the X-ray collecting head to a physical examination person is equal to a preset distance.
More specifically, in the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
the infrared sensor is used for sending a scanning starting instruction to the X-ray collecting head to drive the X-ray collecting head to perform scanning operation on the region where the lung of the physical examination person is located when the distance from the X-ray collecting head to the physical examination person is detected to be equal to the preset distance.
More specifically, in the real-time human lung capacity estimation system, the system further includes:
the shape storage chip is arranged in an instrument box near the lung collecting mechanism and is used for storing standard patterns of the human lung in advance, and the number of the standard patterns of the human lung is more than one;
the first-stage operation equipment is arranged in the instrument box, is connected with the lung acquisition mechanism and is used for executing bilateral filtering operation on the received current scanning picture so as to obtain a corresponding first-stage operation picture;
the secondary operation equipment is arranged on the flexible circuit board where the primary operation equipment is located, connected with the primary operation equipment and used for executing image signal enhancement operation on the received primary operation picture to obtain a corresponding secondary operation picture;
the final-stage operation device is arranged on the flexible circuit board, is connected with the secondary operation device and is used for carrying out sharpening operation on the received image content based on high-pass filtering in the secondary operation picture so as to obtain a corresponding final-stage operation picture;
the signal analysis mechanism is respectively connected with the shape storage chip and the final operation equipment and is used for identifying a left lung area and a right lung area in the received final operation picture based on the standard patterns of the human lungs;
a parameter extracting unit, connected to the signal analyzing unit, for obtaining a first number of pixels occupied by the left lung region in the final operation screen, obtaining a second number of pixels occupied by the right lung region in the final operation screen, and performing arithmetic mean calculation on the first number and the second number to obtain a corresponding number mean;
the distance analysis mechanism is connected with the lung acquisition mechanism and is used for multiplying the preset distance by a preset multiple to obtain the estimated distance from the X-ray to the lung of the physical examination person, wherein the value of the preset multiple is between 1 and 1.1;
the vital capacity estimation mechanism is respectively connected with the parameter extraction mechanism and the distance analysis mechanism and is used for estimating the current vital capacity of the physical examination personnel based on the received number average value and the estimated distance;
wherein estimating the current lung capacity of the physical examination person based on the received number average and the estimated distance comprises: the received number average is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination personnel, and the received estimated distance is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination personnel;
wherein identifying the left lung region and the right lung region in the received final operation picture based on the standard pattern of the human lung comprises: performing a divide-by-two operation on the final operation screen to obtain a left operation screen and a right operation screen, the left operation screen and the right operation screen being located on left and right sides of the final operation screen, respectively;
wherein identifying the left lung region and the right lung region in the received final operation picture based on the standard pattern of the human lung further comprises: a left lung region is identified in the left operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung, and a right lung region is identified in the right operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung.
Drawings
Embodiments of the invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram illustrating an external configuration of a lung collecting mechanism of a real-time human lung capacity estimating system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
An embodiment of the real-time human lung capacity estimation system of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Vital Capacity (VC) is the total amount of gas that is exhausted after a single attempt to inhale. The vital capacity is tidal volume, supplementary inspiration volume and supplementary expiration volume. Tidal volume refers to the amount of gas inhaled or exhaled per breath. The amount of the supplementary inhalation is called the reserve amount of inhalation, which means the amount of gas inhaled after the last quiet inhalation and the best inhalation. The supplementary expiratory volume is called the reserve expiratory volume, which refers to the volume of gas that can be exhaled by the patient after the patient calms the end of expiration. The lung capacity is the maximum ventilation of a breath and may in a sense reflect the potential capacity of the respiratory function.
Oxygen cannot be stored in the body, and people must constantly suck fresh air. Therefore, respiration has a great influence on health. However, most people utilize only one third of their own vital capacity. In some national physical monitoring results, the lung capacity of a 40-69 year old male is reduced from 3347.2 ml to 2441.3 ml, and a female is reduced from 2362.3 ml to 1761.6 ml, which are respectively reduced by 28% and 26%. The reduction of lung capacity causes a plurality of diseases affecting lung health after the elderly, such as tracheitis, asthma, pneumonia, pulmonary embolism related to the deterioration of lung function, pulmonary fibrosis, lung tumor and the like. More critically, these pulmonary disorders, once combined with other diseases, have a very high mortality rate. Therefore, respiratory exercise is performed actively, so that the lung is exercised, the lung capacity is increased, the lung capacity is fully utilized, more oxygen is provided for blood, and the energy is more vigorous.
At present, in carrying out conventional physical examination or directional physical examination, the detection of human lung capacity all needs special detecting instrument to carry out the detection of corresponding parameter, simultaneously, when carrying out X-ray scanning to human lung nodule etc. needs the detecting instrument that the theory of operation is totally different to realize again, and like this, the physical examination personnel need make a round trip to rush to different places and different equipment, and the staff also need increase at double.
In order to overcome the defects, the invention builds a real-time estimation system of the human vital capacity, and can effectively solve the corresponding technical problem.
The system for estimating the lung capacity of the human body in real time according to the embodiment of the invention comprises:
the lung collecting mechanism is structurally shown in fig. 1, is arranged at the position of the lung of the physical examination person, and performs scanning operation on the region where the lung of the physical examination person is located in a scanning mode that the distance from the lung to the physical examination person is equal to a preset distance by adopting X-rays so as to obtain a corresponding current scanning picture;
the lung collecting mechanism is internally provided with an infrared sensor and an X-ray collecting head, wherein the infrared sensor is arranged on the X-ray collecting head and used for detecting whether the distance from the X-ray collecting head to a physical examination person is equal to a preset distance.
Next, the detailed structure of the real-time estimation system for human lung capacity of the present invention will be further described.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
the infrared sensor is used for sending a scanning starting instruction to the X-ray collecting head to drive the X-ray collecting head to perform scanning operation on the region where the lung of the physical examination person is located when the distance from the X-ray collecting head to the physical examination person is detected to be equal to the preset distance.
In the system for estimating the lung capacity of the human body in real time, the method further comprises:
the shape storage chip is arranged in an instrument box near the lung collecting mechanism and is used for storing standard patterns of the human lung in advance, and the number of the standard patterns of the human lung is more than one;
the first-stage operation equipment is arranged in the instrument box, is connected with the lung acquisition mechanism and is used for executing bilateral filtering operation on the received current scanning picture so as to obtain a corresponding first-stage operation picture;
the secondary operation equipment is arranged on the flexible circuit board where the primary operation equipment is located, connected with the primary operation equipment and used for executing image signal enhancement operation on the received primary operation picture to obtain a corresponding secondary operation picture;
the final-stage operation device is arranged on the flexible circuit board, is connected with the secondary operation device and is used for carrying out sharpening operation on the received image content based on high-pass filtering in the secondary operation picture so as to obtain a corresponding final-stage operation picture;
the signal analysis mechanism is respectively connected with the shape storage chip and the final operation equipment and is used for identifying a left lung area and a right lung area in the received final operation picture based on the standard patterns of the human lungs;
a parameter extracting unit, connected to the signal analyzing unit, for obtaining a first number of pixels occupied by the left lung region in the final operation screen, obtaining a second number of pixels occupied by the right lung region in the final operation screen, and performing arithmetic mean calculation on the first number and the second number to obtain a corresponding number mean;
the distance analysis mechanism is connected with the lung acquisition mechanism and is used for multiplying the preset distance by a preset multiple to obtain the estimated distance from the X-ray to the lung of the physical examination person, wherein the value of the preset multiple is between 1 and 1.1;
the vital capacity estimation mechanism is respectively connected with the parameter extraction mechanism and the distance analysis mechanism and is used for estimating the current vital capacity of the physical examination personnel based on the received number average value and the estimated distance;
wherein estimating the current lung capacity of the physical examination person based on the received number average and the estimated distance comprises: the received number average is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination personnel, and the received estimated distance is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination personnel;
wherein identifying the left lung region and the right lung region in the received final operation picture based on the standard pattern of the human lung comprises: performing a divide-by-two operation on the final operation screen to obtain a left operation screen and a right operation screen, the left operation screen and the right operation screen being located on left and right sides of the final operation screen, respectively;
wherein identifying the left lung region and the right lung region in the received final operation picture based on the standard pattern of the human lung further comprises: a left lung region is identified in the left operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung, and a right lung region is identified in the right operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
identifying a left lung region in the left operation screen based on a standard pattern of a human lung includes: and identifying an imaging region with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung in the left operation picture as the left lung region.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
identifying a right lung region in the right operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung includes: and identifying an imaging region with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung in the right operation picture as the right lung region.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
identifying an imaging region having a highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the left operation screen as the left lung region includes: and acquiring the matching degrees of each imaging area in the left operation picture and the standard pattern of the human lung respectively.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
identifying an imaging region having the highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the left operation screen as the left lung region further includes: and sequencing the matching degrees from small to large so as to take the imaging region corresponding to the matching degree with the highest sequence number as the imaging region with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung and as the left lung region.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
identifying an imaging region having the highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the right operation screen as the right lung region includes: and acquiring the matching degrees of each imaging area in the right operation picture and the standard pattern of the human lung respectively.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
identifying an imaging region having the highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the right operation screen as the right lung region further includes: and sequencing the matching degrees from small to large so as to take the imaging area corresponding to the matching degree with the highest sequence number as the imaging area with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung and as the right lung area.
In the real-time human lung capacity estimation system:
the lung capacity estimation mechanism further comprises a memory for storing the number average and the estimated distance as the correspondence between the two parameters and the lung capacity of the person as the function output data by using a two-parameter function mode.
In addition, vital capacity (visual capacity) refers to the volume of air that tries to exhale after maximum inspiration. Comprises three parts of tidal volume, supplementary inspiration volume and supplementary expiration volume. Tidal volume refers to the volume inhaled or exhaled by the lungs in one respiratory cycle, the maximum volume inhaled outside the tidal volume is the inspiratory supplement volume, the maximum volume exhaled outside the tidal volume is the expiratory supplement volume, and the volume remaining in the lungs after the maximum exhalation is the residual volume. There are large individual differences. Affected by age, sex, stature, respiratory muscle strength, and lung and thoracic elasticity. In general, the stronger the body, the larger it is. Studies have shown that it is highly correlated with the maximum oxygen uptake. Is often used as an index for evaluating the quality of human body.
Adult men have a lung capacity of about 3500 ml and women have a lung capacity of about 2500 ml. The vital capacity of the strong is the greatest, and young and elderly are smaller. The greater the lung capacity of a person with a better health condition, the less the lung capacity may be caused by lung tissue damage such as tuberculosis, pulmonary fibrosis, atelectasis or pulmonary lobe resection to a certain extent; kyphosis, thickening of the pleura, exudative pleurisy or pneumothorax, and the like, and also can restrict lung expansion and reduce lung capacity. Thus, a significant reduction in lung capacity is a manifestation of restrictive ventilatory dysfunction.
By adopting the human body vital capacity real-time estimation system, the technical problem that the detection of important parameters of various lung indexes such as human body lung nodules, human body vital capacity and the like cannot be simultaneously finished by adopting the same physical examination instrument in the prior art is solved.
In the foregoing specification, the invention has been described with reference to specific exemplary embodiments thereof. It will, however, be evident that various modifications and changes may be made thereto without departing from the broader spirit and scope of the invention as set forth in the appended claims. The specification and drawings are, accordingly, to be regarded in an illustrative rather than a restrictive sense.
Claims (10)
1. A system for real-time estimation of the lung capacity of a human body, the system comprising:
the lung acquisition mechanism is arranged at the position of the lung of the physical examination person, and performs scanning operation on the region of the lung of the physical examination person in a scanning mode that the distance from the lung to the physical examination person is equal to a preset distance by adopting X-rays so as to obtain a corresponding current scanning picture;
the lung collecting mechanism is internally provided with an infrared sensor and an X-ray collecting head, wherein the infrared sensor is arranged on the X-ray collecting head and used for detecting whether the distance from the X-ray collecting head to a physical examination person is equal to a preset distance.
2. The system for real-time estimation of human lung capacity according to claim 1, wherein:
the infrared sensor is used for sending a scanning starting instruction to the X-ray collecting head to drive the X-ray collecting head to perform scanning operation on the region where the lung of the physical examination person is located when the distance from the X-ray collecting head to the physical examination person is detected to be equal to the preset distance.
3. The system for real-time estimation of human lung capacity according to claim 2, wherein said system further comprises:
the shape storage chip is arranged in an instrument box near the lung collecting mechanism and is used for storing standard patterns of the human lung in advance, and the number of the standard patterns of the human lung is more than one;
the first-stage operation equipment is arranged in the instrument box, is connected with the lung acquisition mechanism and is used for executing bilateral filtering operation on the received current scanning picture so as to obtain a corresponding first-stage operation picture;
the secondary operation equipment is arranged on the flexible circuit board where the primary operation equipment is located, connected with the primary operation equipment and used for executing image signal enhancement operation on the received primary operation picture to obtain a corresponding secondary operation picture;
the final-stage operation device is arranged on the flexible circuit board, is connected with the secondary operation device and is used for carrying out sharpening operation on the received image content based on high-pass filtering in the secondary operation picture so as to obtain a corresponding final-stage operation picture;
the signal analysis mechanism is respectively connected with the shape storage chip and the final operation equipment and is used for identifying a left lung area and a right lung area in the received final operation picture based on the standard patterns of the human lungs;
a parameter extracting unit, connected to the signal analyzing unit, for obtaining a first number of pixels occupied by the left lung region in the final operation screen, obtaining a second number of pixels occupied by the right lung region in the final operation screen, and performing arithmetic mean calculation on the first number and the second number to obtain a corresponding number mean;
the distance analysis mechanism is connected with the lung acquisition mechanism and is used for multiplying the preset distance by a preset multiple to obtain the estimated distance from the X-ray to the lung of the physical examination person, wherein the value of the preset multiple is between 1 and 1.1;
the vital capacity estimation mechanism is respectively connected with the parameter extraction mechanism and the distance analysis mechanism and is used for estimating the current vital capacity of the physical examination personnel based on the received number average value and the estimated distance;
wherein estimating the current lung capacity of the physical examination person based on the received number average and the estimated distance comprises: the received number average is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination personnel, and the received estimated distance is positively correlated with the estimated current lung capacity of the physical examination personnel;
wherein identifying the left lung region and the right lung region in the received final operation picture based on the standard pattern of the human lung comprises: performing a divide-by-two operation on the final operation screen to obtain a left operation screen and a right operation screen, the left operation screen and the right operation screen being located on left and right sides of the final operation screen, respectively;
wherein identifying the left lung region and the right lung region in the received final operation picture based on the standard pattern of the human lung further comprises: a left lung region is identified in the left operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung, and a right lung region is identified in the right operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung.
4. The real-time human lung capacity estimation system of claim 3, wherein:
identifying a left lung region in the left operation screen based on a standard pattern of a human lung includes: and identifying an imaging region with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung in the left operation picture as the left lung region.
5. The real-time human lung capacity estimation system of claim 4, wherein:
identifying a right lung region in the right operation screen based on the standard pattern of the human lung includes: and identifying an imaging region with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung in the right operation picture as the right lung region.
6. The real-time human lung capacity estimation system of claim 5, wherein:
identifying an imaging region having a highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the left operation screen as the left lung region includes: and acquiring the matching degrees of each imaging area in the left operation picture and the standard pattern of the human lung respectively.
7. The real-time human lung capacity estimation system of claim 6, wherein:
identifying an imaging region having the highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the left operation screen as the left lung region further includes: and sequencing the matching degrees from small to large so as to take the imaging region corresponding to the matching degree with the highest sequence number as the imaging region with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung and as the left lung region.
8. The real-time human lung capacity estimation system of claim 7, wherein:
identifying an imaging region having the highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the right operation screen as the right lung region includes: and acquiring the matching degrees of each imaging area in the right operation picture and the standard pattern of the human lung respectively.
9. The system for real-time estimation of human lung capacity of claim 8, wherein:
identifying an imaging region having the highest degree of matching with the standard pattern of the human lung in the right operation screen as the right lung region further includes: and sequencing the matching degrees from small to large so as to take the imaging area corresponding to the matching degree with the highest sequence number as the imaging area with the highest matching degree with the standard pattern of the human lung and as the right lung area.
10. The system for real-time estimation of human lung capacity according to any one of claims 3-9, wherein:
the lung capacity estimation mechanism further comprises a memory for storing the number average and the estimated distance as the correspondence between the two parameters and the lung capacity of the person as the function output data by using a two-parameter function mode.
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| CN117237323B (en) * | 2023-10-12 | 2024-04-19 | 广州医科大学附属第一医院（广州呼吸中心） | Image detection method and device |
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