CN113201377A - Preparation method of rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier - Google Patents
Preparation method of rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier Download PDFInfo
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- CN113201377A CN113201377A CN202110491378.6A CN202110491378A CN113201377A CN 113201377 A CN113201377 A CN 113201377A CN 202110491378 A CN202110491378 A CN 202110491378A CN 113201377 A CN113201377 A CN 113201377A
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L10/00—Use of additives to fuels or fires for particular purposes
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10L—FUELS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NATURAL GAS; SYNTHETIC NATURAL GAS OBTAINED BY PROCESSES NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C10G, C10K; LIQUEFIED PETROLEUM GAS; ADDING MATERIALS TO FUELS OR FIRES TO REDUCE SMOKE OR UNDESIRABLE DEPOSITS OR TO FACILITATE SOOT REMOVAL; FIRELIGHTERS
- C10L5/00—Solid fuels
- C10L5/40—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin
- C10L5/46—Solid fuels essentially based on materials of non-mineral origin on sewage, house, or town refuse
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B21/00—Arrangements or duct systems, e.g. in combination with pallet boxes, for supplying and controlling air or gases for drying solid materials or objects
- F26B21/06—Controlling, e.g. regulating, parameters of gas supply
- F26B21/10—Temperature; Pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F26—DRYING
- F26B—DRYING SOLID MATERIALS OR OBJECTS BY REMOVING LIQUID THEREFROM
- F26B9/00—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards
- F26B9/06—Machines or apparatus for drying solid materials or objects at rest or with only local agitation; Domestic airing cupboards in stationary drums or chambers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F27—FURNACES; KILNS; OVENS; RETORTS
- F27B—FURNACES, KILNS, OVENS, OR RETORTS IN GENERAL; OPEN SINTERING OR LIKE APPARATUS
- F27B17/00—Furnaces of a kind not covered by any preceding group
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/10—Biofuels, e.g. bio-diesel
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E50/00—Technologies for the production of fuel of non-fossil origin
- Y02E50/30—Fuel from waste, e.g. synthetic alcohol or diesel
Abstract
The invention discloses a preparation method of a rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier, which comprises the following steps: s1, placing the rare earth tailings in an oven, and drying to constant weight; s2, adding the dried rare earth tailings into a high-energy ball mill for crushing, and grading according to the granularity by using a grader; s3, selecting rare earth tailings with the granularity of 74-150 mu m to carry out high-temperature roasting treatment to obtain the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity, low price of the prepared oxygen carrier, high oxygen carrying capacity, excellent reaction performance and the like. The invention overcomes the problems of low oxygen carrying capacity, high cost and the like of the current oxygen carrier, realizes the mass utilization of the rare earth tailings, and avoids the environmental pollution caused by occupying a large amount of land. And the oxygen carrier can be used for chemical-looping combustion oxygen carriers taking coal, biomass and municipal solid waste as fuels, and has good use effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation technology of an oxygen carrier in a chemical looping combustion system, in particular to a preparation method of a rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier.
Background
As the main energy raw material for Chinese power production, coal is greenhouse gas CO2The main source of emission, and therefore the clean and efficient use of coal, is of great significance in reducing the emission of greenhouse gases. Chemical looping combustion is a novel combustion mode, oxygen transfer is realized through the alternate circulation of oxygen carriers between a fuel reactor and an air reactor, the combustion process can be completed step by step, and the cascade utilization of energy is realized. Coal chemical looping combustion has some potential advantages over traditional coal combustion: 1) the fire loss in the combustion process is reduced, and the energy utilization efficiency is higher; 2) the direct contact between coal and air is avoided, and the generation of nitrogen oxides is reduced; 3) can realize CO in the flue gas under the condition of near zero energy consumption2Internal separation of (2). Therefore, the coal chemical looping combustion has good application prospect.
The oxygen carrier is used as a medium carrying oxygen and heat, and the physical and chemical properties of the oxygen carrier directly determine the performance of the chemical-looping combustion system. The oxygen carrier in chemical looping combustion has the characteristics of good oxidation-reduction performance, high mechanical strength, high sintering resistance, low price and the like. At present, artificially synthesized oxygen carriers, such as transition metal oxide oxygen carriers, sulfate oxygen carriers and the like, have received much attention in the chemical looping combustion process. However, the preparation of the artificially synthesized oxygen carrier is high in cost and complex in process. Compared with the natural ore oxygen carrier, the natural ore oxygen carrier has the advantages of low cost, high mechanical strength, environmental friendliness and the like, but the reaction activity is low. Due to Fe2O3The natural hematite becomes an important oxygen carrier for coal chemical looping combustion; however, the reactivity is low and modification treatment is required. In order to improve the reactivity of the natural ore oxygen carrier, alkali (earth) metal elements (such as K, Na, Ca and the like) or transition metals (such as Ni, Cu and the like) can be introduced to modify the natural ore oxygen carrier. Rare earth oxides are widely used in the field of redox catalysis due to their excellent oxygen storage and release capacity.
The Baiyunebo paragenetic ore is the largest rare earth ore discovered in the world at present and is the main raw material of rare earth industry in ChinaAnd (7) a base. The bayan obo ore is a multi-element multi-mineral paragenic ore, is rare in the world and contains rich resources such as iron, rare earth, niobium, fluorite and the like, only most of iron and a small amount of rare earth are recycled in nearly fifty years due to the mineral separation technology, and the rest resources are all used as tailing piles to be stored in a tailing dam. The minerals of the rare earth tailings mainly comprise iron oxide minerals, rare earth minerals, fluorite, quartz, silicate minerals, carbonate minerals, phosphate minerals, sulfate minerals, sulfur iron minerals and the like. The iron oxide minerals are mainly composed of magnetite (Fe)3O4) And hematite (Fe)2O3) The rare earth mineral is mainly composed of bastnaesite (CeCO)3F) And monazite (CePO)4) The silicate mineral is mainly composed of feldspar (NaAlSiO)8) Amphibole (Na)2Fe2(Si8O2)(OH)2) Pyroxene (NaFe +3 (SiO)3)2) Mica (K (Mg/Fe)3AlSi3O10F2) The carbonate mineral is mainly composed of dolomite (CaMg (CO)3)2) And calcite (CaCO)3) Composition, phosphate minerals are mainly (Ca)5(PO4)3F) The sulfate mineral is (BaSO)4) The pyrite species is (FeS)2). The main components with recovery value in the rare earth tailings are magnetite, hematite, fluorite, rare earth minerals (mainly bastnaesite and monazite) and a small amount of niobium minerals. Wherein the iron minerals mainly comprise magnetite and hematite, and have high content. The rare earth minerals are mainly bastnaesite and monazite which are distributed in an approximately equal amount, and the transition metal oxide and the rare earth oxide in the bayan obo tailings play an oxygen carrier role in the chemical chain combustion process and are natural metal composite oxides. Is an oxygen carrier with good application prospect in the chemical chain conversion process. The tailing resources are recycled to become secondary resources, so that the dam building and maintenance cost of a tailing dam can be reduced, the environment is protected, the pollution is reduced, the sustainable development of the society is realized, and the method has great social benefits.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems of low oxygen carrying capacity, high cost and the like of the oxygen carrier in the prior art, the invention provides the method which has simple process, low cost and no environmental pollution, can realize the large-scale utilization of the rare earth tailing waste and can prepare the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a preparation method of a rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier, which comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the rare earth tailings in an oven, and drying to constant weight;
s2, adding the dried rare earth tailings into a high-energy ball mill for crushing, and grading according to the granularity by using a grader;
s3, selecting rare earth tailings with the granularity of 74-150 mu m to carry out high-temperature roasting treatment to obtain the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier.
Further, the drying temperature of the rare earth tailings is 100-120 ℃, and the water in the rare earth tailings is removed.
Further, the rotating speed of the high-energy ball mill is 1000-2800rpm, and the rotating speed of the classifier is 750 r/min.
The high-temperature roasting treatment is to place the rare earth tailings in N2Calcining for 0.5-1h in the atmosphere, wherein the calcining temperature is 500-600 ℃.
Further, the rare earth tailings are Baiyunebo rare earth tailings
The prepared chemical looping combustion oxygen carrier is used for a chemical looping combustion oxygen carrier taking coal, biomass and municipal solid waste as fuels.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial technical effects that:
the invention combines the chemical-looping combustion technology with the resource utilization of the rare earth tailings, realizes the high-efficiency utilization of resources, can not only consume the rare earth tailings, but also provide technical support for the emission reduction of carbon dioxide; the oxygen carrier prepared by roasting the rare earth tailings has the advantages of low price, simple preparation method, environmental friendliness, high mechanical strength and high oxygen carrying capacity, and is a high-efficiency oxygen carrier.
The rare earth tailings are rich in mineral types, including iron oxide minerals (hematite and magnetite), rare earth minerals (bastnaesite and monazite), and calcium minerals (calcite and dolomite). As a natural co-associated mineral, the rare earth tailings not only comprise fluorite, quartz and other minerals with high stability and high mechanical strength, but also can be used as a natural carrier of an oxygen carrier due to the properties of the minerals. And includes iron minerals, rare earth minerals, calcium minerals and manganese minerals having redox activity, and metal oxides contained in these minerals are effective for promoting chemical chain combustion. Meanwhile, the mineral composition also comprises carbonate minerals such as dolomite, calcite and spodumene and silicate minerals, wherein the minerals also contain redox active components, and the active components are highly dispersed. The multi-metal oxide in the rare earth tailings is beneficial to improving the reaction activity of the oxygen carrier, and the rare earth tailings serving as a natural associated mineral are a secondary resource and have the characteristics of large reserve, short flow, low price and small pollution.
The rare earth tailing oxygen carrier obtained by the invention can be used as a chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier taking coal, biomass and municipal solid waste as fuels.
Detailed Description
The following examples all use bayan obo rare earth tailings as raw materials, and the main minerals of the bayan obo rare earth tailings comprise the following components: table 1.
Analysis of rare earth tailings mineral composition
Example 1
Taking 2g of rare earth tailings, placing the rare earth tailings in an oven at 100 ℃ to dry to constant weight so as to remove water, placing the dried rare earth tailings in a high-energy ball mill with the rotating speed of 1000rpm to crush, then using a grader to grade according to the granularity, wherein the rotating speed of the grader is 750r/min, selecting the rare earth tailings with the granularity of 74-150 mu m, and placing the rare earth tailings in N with the flow of 200ml/min2Calcining for 0.5h in the atmosphere at the calcining temperature of 500 ℃ to obtain the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier. Example 2
Taking 2g of rare earth tailings, placing the rare earth tailings in an oven, drying at 110 ℃ to constant weight to remove water, placing the rare earth tailings in a high-energy ball mill with the rotating speed of 1500rpm after drying, crushing, and then dividingGrading by a grading machine according to the granularity, wherein the rotating speed of the grading machine is 750r/min, selecting the rare earth tailings with the granularity of 74-150 mu m, and placing the rare earth tailings in N with the flow rate of 200ml/min2Calcining for 1h in the atmosphere at the calcining temperature of 600 ℃ to obtain the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier.
Example 3
Taking 2g of rare earth tailings, placing the rare earth tailings in an oven, drying at 120 ℃ to constant weight to remove water, placing the dried rare earth tailings in a high-energy ball mill with the rotating speed of 2000rpm to crush, grading according to the particle size by using a grader with the rotating speed of 750r/min, selecting the rare earth tailings with the particle size of 74-150 mu m, and placing the rare earth tailings in N with the flow of 200ml/min2Calcining for 0.8h in the atmosphere at the calcining temperature of 550 ℃ to obtain the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier.
Chemical looping combustion performance test experiment: the test was carried out on a small fixed bed reactor, first 32mL of quartz sand with a particle size of 0.6 to 1.0mm was added to the reactor, and 40g of an oxygen carrier was placed on the quartz sand. In N2The reactor was heated under atmosphere until the desired temperature was reached. After the temperature is stabilized, adjusting N2The flow rate was 130 mL/min. When all the test conditions are stable, 0.4g of coal is added into the reactor from the feeder, and simultaneously, the gas collecting time is started, the reduction stage is started, and when all the gas concentrations generated by the reaction are 0, the reduction stage is finished. Then the air intake system is switched to N2And continuously purged for 5 min. After the purging is finished, the oxygen carrier is oxidized and regenerated, and an inlet N2And the air flow was set at 760 and 240mL/min, respectively, for 30min, at which time the oxygen carrier reached complete oxidation. Calculating the carbon conversion rate X according to the experimental resultFuel：
In the formula, noutIs the total molar flow rate of the outlet gas on a dry basis; chi shapeiIs removed of N in the dry state2Other outlet gases (CO, CO) than gas2、CH4And H2) Molar volume fraction of (a); n is a radical ofC，FuelIs the total molar amount of carbon in the coal charged.
The calculated carbon conversions for each example are shown in table 2 below:
TABLE 2 carbon conversion (%)
| Temperature (. degree.C.) | Example 1 | Example 2 | Example 3 |
| 800 | 81.2 | 82.6 | 84.3 |
| 900 | 85.1 | 86.4 | 87.7 |
| 1000 | 87.8 | 89.5 | 92.4 |
The rare earth tailing oxygen carrier obtained by the invention takes Bayan Obo rare earth tailings as a main raw material, and the tailing oxygen carrier with high oxygen carrying capacity, high reactivity and no agglomeration is obtained after drying, crushing and roasting. The preparation method has the advantages of simplicity, low price of the prepared oxygen carrier, high oxygen carrying capacity, excellent reaction performance and the like. The invention provides a preparation method of a rare earth tailing oxygen carrier with industrial potential, which overcomes the problems of low oxygen carrying capacity, high cost and the like of the conventional oxygen carrier, realizes the mass utilization of rare earth tailings, avoids the occupation of a large amount of land and the environmental pollution, can be used for a chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier taking coal, biomass and municipal solid waste as fuel, and has good use effect
The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, and do not limit the scope of the present invention, and various modifications and improvements of the technical solutions of the present invention can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and the technical solutions of the present invention are within the scope of the present invention defined by the claims.
Claims (6)
1. A preparation method of a rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1, placing the rare earth tailings in an oven, and drying to constant weight;
s2, adding the dried rare earth tailings into a high-energy ball mill for crushing, and grading according to the granularity by using a grader;
s3, selecting rare earth tailings with the granularity of 74-150 mu m to carry out high-temperature roasting treatment to obtain the chemical-looping combustion oxygen carrier.
2. The method for preparing the rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the drying temperature of the rare earth tailings is 100-120 ℃, and the water in the rare earth tailings is removed.
3. The method for preparing the rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the rotating speed of the high-energy ball mill is 1000-2800rpm, and the rotating speed of the classifier is 750 r/min.
4. The method for preparing the rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier according to claim 1, characterized in that: the high-temperature roasting treatment is to place the rare earth tailings in N2Calcining for 0.5-1h in the atmosphere, wherein the calcining temperature is 500-600 ℃.
5. The method for preparing the rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier according to claim 1, wherein the rare earth tailings are bayan obo rare earth tailings.
6. The preparation method of the rare earth tailing based oxygen carrier according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the prepared chemical looping combustion oxygen carrier is used for a chemical looping combustion oxygen carrier taking coal, biomass and municipal solid waste as fuels.
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| CN102864007A (en) * | 2011-07-07 | 2013-01-09 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Oxygen carrier for chemical-looping combustion technology and preparation method and application thereof |
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2021
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| US20190003704A1 (en) * | 2015-12-22 | 2019-01-03 | Institutt For Energiteknikk | Sustainable Oxygen Carriers for Chemical Looping Combustion with Oxygen Uncoupling and Methods for Their Manufacture |
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