CN113197563B

CN113197563B - Gradient pressure measuring system

Info

Publication number: CN113197563B
Application number: CN202110629885.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 于波; 康维; 贾海波; 陈涛; 刘慧敏; 徐晨阳
Original assignee: Panorama Scientific Co ltd; Harbin Medical University
Current assignee: Panorama Scientific Co ltd; Harbin Medical University
Priority date: 2021-06-07
Filing date: 2021-06-07
Publication date: 2022-02-11
Anticipated expiration: 2041-06-07
Also published as: CN113197563A

Abstract

The application provides a gradient pressure measurement system, including seal wire and a plurality of pressure measurement module. The guide wire is provided with an accommodating channel extending in the length direction of the guide wire, and the wall of the guide wire is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing holes communicated with the accommodating channel. A plurality of pressure measuring modules are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the accommodating channel, the pressure measuring modules correspond to the pressure equalizing holes one to one, and each pressure measuring module is used for measuring the pressure of the corresponding pressure equalizing hole. The multipoint pressure measurement can be realized on the premise of not increasing the cross section area of the guide wire.

Description

Gradient pressure measuring system

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of medical equipment, in particular to a gradient pressure measuring system.

Background

The hemodynamic changes can be caused after artery stenosis, the pressure difference between the near end and the far end of the stenosis part is the main reason of the hemodynamic changes, and the near-far end pressure measurement after coronary atherosclerosis stenosis is widely applied to the guidance of clinical diagnosis and treatment at present. The pressure guide wire is an intravascular pressure measuring tool which is widely applied in recent years, and can evaluate the blood pressure value at each moment of the cardiac cycle. The pressure in the coronary artery after the myocardial vascular bed is expanded by adenosine is measured by using the pressure guide wire, the pressure value in the coronary artery is proved to be in positive correlation with the coronary blood flow, and the evaluation index is defined as the myocardial blood flow reserve fraction (FFR). Theoretically, the FFR value of any normal blood vessel is 1.0, and the FFR value gradually decreases along with the increase of the coronary stenosis degree, and after the FFR value decreases to a certain degree, the myocardium dominated by the coronary artery is in an ischemic state. The FAME series researches verify that the FFR has certain advantages for optimizing diagnosis and treatment strategies of patients with coronary heart disease and improving clinical outcome of patients with coronary heart disease.

The inventor researches and discovers that the existing measuring guide wire for measuring the vascular pressure has the following defects:

a reduced guidewire cross-sectional area and multi-point pressure measurement cannot be simultaneously taken into account.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a gradient pressure measurement system which can realize multipoint pressure measurement on the premise of reducing the cross section area of a guide wire, namely can realize gradient pressure measurement on the premise of reducing the cross section area of the guide wire.

The embodiment of the invention is realized by the following steps:

the present invention provides a gradient pressure measurement system comprising:

the guide wire is provided with an accommodating channel extending in the length direction of the guide wire, and the wall of the guide wire is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing holes communicated with the accommodating channel;

and the pressure measuring modules are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the accommodating channel, and are in one-to-one correspondence with the pressure equalizing holes, and each pressure measuring module is used for measuring the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole.

In an optional embodiment, the pressure measuring module includes an optical sensor, a conducting optical fiber and a first dichroic mirror, the conducting optical fiber is disposed in the accommodating channel, the optical sensor is located at one side of the corresponding pressure equalizing hole close to the proximal end of the guide wire, and the conducting optical fiber is located at one side of the optical sensor far away from the pressure equalizing hole; the optical sensor is provided with a first light surface and a second light surface which are oppositely arranged in the extending direction of the accommodating channel, the conducting optical fiber is connected with the first light surface, the first dichroic mirror is arranged on the second light surface and is used for reflecting light beams in a set wavelength range and transmitting light beams in other wavelength ranges, and the wavelength ranges of the light beams reflected by any two first dichroic mirrors in the plurality of first dichroic mirrors are not overlapped;

the gradient pressure measurement system further comprises a pressure measurement engine and a light source, wherein the conducting optical fiber which is close to the proximal end of the guide wire in the conducting optical fibers is set as an initial optical fiber, the pressure measurement engine and the light source are connected with the initial optical fiber, the light source is used for emitting light beams to the initial optical fiber, and the pressure measurement engine is used for receiving interference light reflected by the optical sensor and forming an interference waveform according to the interference light.

In an alternative embodiment, adjacent pressure measuring modules have a spacing in the direction of extent of the receiving channel.

In an alternative embodiment, the incidence surface of the conducting optical fiber of the pressure measuring module far away from the proximal end of the guide wire in two adjacent pressure measuring modules is provided with a focusing lens.

In an alternative embodiment, the optical sensor comprises a substrate and a diaphragm, wherein the substrate is connected with the diaphragm and the substrate and the diaphragm jointly define an interference cavity, the diaphragm is positioned on one side of the substrate close to the corresponding pressure equalizing hole, and the diaphragm is used for sensing the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole to move relative to the substrate when the pressure changes, so that the depth of the interference cavity is changed, and the interference waveform of the corresponding interference light is changed; the first dichroic mirror is arranged on one side of the diaphragm, which is far away from the substrate; one side of the substrate close to the diaphragm is used for reflecting part of light in the light beam in the set wavelength range, the rest part of light in the set wavelength range is emitted to the diaphragm and is reflected by the diaphragm, and the light reflected by the substrate of the same optical sensor and the light reflected by the diaphragm form interference light.

In an alternative embodiment, a second dichroic mirror is disposed on the substrate, and the second dichroic mirror is configured to reflect a light beam of the light beam in the set wavelength range, so that the rest of the light in the set wavelength range is emitted to the membrane and reflected by the membrane; wherein, the reflectivity of the second dichroic mirror is (48% -52%).

In an alternative embodiment, a focusing lens is provided between the optical sensor and the conducting fiber in the same pressure measurement module.

In an alternative embodiment, the conductive fiber jacket is provided with a positioning ring that is attached to the inner wall of the guidewire.

In an alternative embodiment, the distal face of the guide wire is provided as an arcuate face.

In an alternative embodiment, the wall of the guidewire near its distal end is provided with a grooved structure.

The embodiment of the invention has the beneficial effects that:

in summary, in the gradient pressure measurement system provided in this embodiment, the plurality of pressure measurement modules are arranged in the accommodating channel of the guide wire, and the plurality of pressure measurement modules are independently arranged and can measure the pressure at the corresponding position, so as to implement multi-point gradient pressure measurement. Simultaneously, a plurality of pressure measuring modules all set up in the holding passageway, arrange on the extending direction of holding passageway, and the mode of arranging of a plurality of pressure measuring modules can not increase the inner chamber of seal wire, also can not increase seal wire cross sectional area, so, the volume of seal wire can not increase, and it is little to the flow resistance of blood in locating the blood vessel, difficult interference measuring result.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments will be briefly described below, it should be understood that the following drawings only illustrate some embodiments of the present invention and therefore should not be considered as limiting the scope, and for those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without inventive efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gradient pressure measurement system according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a partial structure of a gradient pressure measurement system according to an embodiment of the invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of spectral analysis according to an embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of a guidewire according to an embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic view of a matching structure of a guide wire and a pressure measuring module according to an embodiment of the invention.

Icon:

001-first sensing beam; 002-a second sensor beam; 003-third sensing beam; 004-a distal guidewire end; 005-guidewire proximal end; 100-a guide wire; 110-a receiving channel; 120-pressure equalizing holes; 121-a first pressure equalizing hole; 122-second pressure equalizing holes; 123-third pressure equalizing hole; 130-pressure equalizing chamber; 131-a first pressure-equalizing chamber; 132-a second pressure-equalizing chamber; 133-a third pressure-equalizing chamber; 140-a guide segment; 141-groove structure; 150-a spring head; 200-a pressure measuring module; 201-a first pressure measurement module; 202-a second pressure measurement module; 203-a third pressure measurement module; 210-an optical sensor; 211-a first optical sensor; 212-a second optical sensor; 213-a third optical sensor; 214-a substrate; 215-a membrane; 216-an interference cavity; 220-a conducting optical fiber; 221-a first conducting optical fiber; 222-a second conducting optical fiber; 223-a third conducting fiber; 230-a first dichroic mirror; 240-a second dichroic mirror; 250-a positioning ring; 260-a focusing lens; 300-a pressure measurement engine; 400-an interaction unit; 500-an optical adapter; 600-a guide wire receiver.

Detailed Description

In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention. The components of embodiments of the present invention generally described and illustrated in the figures herein may be arranged and designed in a wide variety of different configurations.

Thus, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, presented in the figures, is not intended to limit the scope of the invention, as claimed, but is merely representative of selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

It should be noted that: like reference numbers and letters refer to like items in the following figures, and thus, once an item is defined in one figure, it need not be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings or the orientations or positional relationships that the products of the present invention are conventionally placed in use, and are only used for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," "third," and the like are used solely to distinguish one from another and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

Furthermore, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not imply that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or pendant, but rather may be slightly inclined. For example, "horizontal" merely means that the direction is more horizontal than "vertical" and does not mean that the structure must be perfectly horizontal, but may be slightly inclined.

In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly and may, for example, be fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be connected directly or indirectly through intervening media, or they may be interconnected between two elements. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood in specific cases to those skilled in the art.

At present, pressure seal wires are divided into two types, one type is single-point pressure measurement, namely a sensor is arranged on the pressure seal wire, the pressure seal wire is large in use limitation, and the measurement accuracy is low. The other is that a plurality of sensors are arranged on a pressure guide wire, so that multipoint pressure measurement can be realized, but the existing multipoint pressure measurement guide wire has a large cross section area and is easy to influence the blood flow in a blood vessel, so that the accuracy of a measurement result is influenced.

Referring to fig. 1-5, in view of this, designers have designed a gradient pressure measurement system that can achieve multi-point pressure measurement without increasing the cross-sectional area of the guidewire 100.

Referring to fig. 1 and 2, in the present embodiment, the gradient pressure measurement system includes a guide wire 100 and a plurality of pressure measurement modules 200. The guide wire 100 is provided with a receiving passage 110 extending in a longitudinal direction thereof, and a plurality of pressure equalizing holes 120 communicating with the receiving passage 110 are provided in a wall of the guide wire 100. The pressure measuring modules 200 are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the accommodating passage 110, the pressure measuring modules 200 correspond to the pressure equalizing holes 120 one by one, and each pressure measuring module 200 is used for measuring the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole 120.

In the gradient pressure measurement system provided by the embodiment, the plurality of pressure measurement modules 200 are arranged in the accommodating channel 110 of the guide wire 100, and the plurality of pressure measurement modules 200 are independently arranged and can measure the pressure at the position corresponding to the pressure equalizing hole 120, so that multi-point gradient pressure measurement is realized. That is, the blood vessel and the accommodating channel 110 are communicated with each other at the pressure equalizing hole 120, so that the pressure in the blood vessel at the pressure equalizing hole 120 is equal to the pressure in the accommodating channel 110, and the pressure information obtained by the pressure measuring module 200 disposed in the accommodating channel 110 can reflect the corresponding pressure in the blood vessel at the pressure equalizing hole 120. Simultaneously, a plurality of pressure measuring modules 200 all set up in holding passageway 110, arrange on holding passageway 110's extending direction, and the mode of arranging of a plurality of pressure measuring modules 200 can not increase the inner chamber of seal wire 100, also can not increase seal wire 100 cross sectional area, so, the volume of seal wire 100 can not increase, and it is little to the flow resistance of blood in the blood vessel is located to seal wire 100, and difficult interference measuring result to improve measuring result's accuracy.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, in the present embodiment, the outer profile of the cross section of the guide wire 100 is substantially circular. The cross section of the accommodating channel 110 is approximately circular, the accommodating channel 110 and the guide wire 100 are coaxially arranged, the structure is regular, the processing is convenient, the wall thickness of the guide wire 100 is basically uniform, the stress is uniform, and the guide wire is not easy to damage. Meanwhile, part of the guide wire 100 is provided as a guide section 140, and the end of the guide section 140 is the distal end 004 of the guide wire. Be provided with groove structure 141 on the guide segment 140, the quantity of groove structure 141 sets up to a plurality ofly, and a plurality of groove structure 141 intervals are arranged, can reduce guide segment 140's hardness, and guide segment 140 deformability is strong, can adapt to blood vessel's the state of snaking when imbedding blood vessel to difficult fish tail vascular wall. Further, the end of the guiding section 140 is provided with a spring head 150, the end of the spring head 150 away from the guiding section 140 is provided with an arc-shaped surface, and the end of the spring head 150 away from the guiding section 140 is the distal end 004 of the guide wire, i.e. the end which first contacts the patient during the operation. Correspondingly, the end of the guide wire 100 that is to be manipulated by the operator is the proximal end 005 of the guide wire.

Referring to fig. 5, in addition, the number of the pressure equalizing holes 120 formed in the wall of the guide wire 100 may be plural, and the number of the pressure equalizing holes 120 corresponding to each pressure measuring module 200 may also be plural. In this embodiment, it is described as an example that each pressure measuring module 200 corresponds to one pressure equalizing hole 120 and three pressure equalizing holes 120 are provided in total. The three pressure equalizing holes 120 are a first pressure equalizing hole 121, a second pressure equalizing hole 122 and a third pressure equalizing hole 123 in sequence in the extending direction of the guide wire 100, and the first pressure equalizing hole 121 is arranged near the proximal end 005 of the guide wire. Correspondingly, the number of the pressure measuring modules 200 is three, and the three pressure measuring modules 200 are respectively a first pressure measuring module 201, a second pressure measuring module 202 and a third pressure measuring module 203. The first pressure measuring module 201 is located on one side of the first pressure equalizing hole 121 close to the proximal end 005 of the guide wire, and the first pressure measuring module 201 is used for detecting the pressure at the first pressure equalizing hole 121; the second pressure measuring module 202 is located on one side of the second equalizing hole 122 close to the proximal end 005 of the guide wire, and the second pressure measuring module 202 is used for detecting the pressure at the second equalizing hole 122; the third pressure measurement module 203 is located at the side of the third pressure equalizing hole 123 close to the proximal end 005 of the guide wire, and the third pressure measurement module 203 is used for detecting the pressure at the third pressure equalizing hole 123. That is, adjacent pressure modules 200 have a spacing in the extending direction of the receiving passage 110, and one pressure equalizing hole 120 is provided between the adjacent pressure modules 200.

It should be understood that the purpose of the pressure equalizing hole 120 is to make the pressure in the accommodating channel 110 at the position corresponding to the pressure equalizing hole 120 consistent with the environment outside the guide wire 100, that is, the position of the accommodating channel 110 corresponding to the pressure equalizing hole 120 is referred to as a pressure equalizing chamber 130, the pressure equalizing chamber 130 is located between two adjacent pressure measuring modules 200, the pressure equalizing chamber 130 is communicated with the corresponding pressure equalizing hole 120, and the pressure equalizing hole 120 is arranged to make the pressure of the pressure equalizing chamber 130 equal to the pressure at the corresponding position in the blood vessel. For convenience of description, a first pressure equalizing chamber 131 is communicated with the first pressure equalizing hole 121, a second pressure equalizing chamber 132 is communicated with the second pressure equalizing hole 122, and a third pressure equalizing chamber 133 is communicated with the third pressure equalizing hole 123. Since blood has a strong absorption of light, light loss is easily caused. The pressure equalizing hole 120 is preferably not too large, and has a diameter of 250 μm or less, so as to maintain the air in the pressure equalizing chamber 130, and the air maintained in the pressure equalizing chamber 130 is advantageous for light transmission. Alternatively, in other embodiments, the pressure equalizing cavity 130 is uniformly filled with silica gel, which can transmit the pressure at the pressure equalizing holes 120 to the membrane 215 and avoid light loss caused by light absorption by blood. In addition, the silica gel is provided as a material having a small attenuation coefficient at the operating wavelength.

Optionally, each pressure measuring module 200 includes an optical sensor 210, a conducting optical fiber 220, a first dichroic mirror 230, and a second dichroic mirror 240. The conducting optical fiber 220 and the optical sensor 210 are both disposed in the accommodating channel 110, a positioning ring 250 is sleeved outside the conducting optical fiber 220, the positioning ring 250 fixes the conducting optical fiber 220 in the accommodating channel 110, and the sealing performance of the pressure equalizing chamber 130 at the corresponding position is improved. That is, the conducting optical fibers 220 of the two optical sensors 210 on both sides of the pressure equalizing hole 120 are connected to the guide wire 100 through at least one positioning ring 250, the two positioning rings 250 on both sides of the pressure equalizing hole 120 are hermetically connected to the accommodating channel 110 and the conducting optical fibers 220, the pressure equalizing chamber 130 is only communicated with the pressure equalizing hole 120 at the corresponding position, and the rest positions are sealed, so that the pressure in the pressure equalizing chamber 130 is substantially equal to the pressure at the corresponding position in the blood vessel, and the measurement result is accurate. The optical sensor 210 is located on the side of the corresponding pressure equalizing hole 120 close to the proximal end 005 of the guide wire, the conducting optical fiber 220 is located on the side of the optical sensor 210 far away from the pressure equalizing hole 120, and the conducting optical fiber 220 can be directly bonded and fixed with the optical sensor 210, or the conducting optical fiber 220 is fixedly connected with the optical sensor 210 through the focusing lens 260. It should be appreciated that after each of the load cell modules 200 is assembled into the receiving channel 110, the conducting optical fiber 220 is positioned on a side of the corresponding optical sensor 210 adjacent to the proximal end 005 of the guidewire, and the optical sensor 210 of an adjacent load cell module 200 is positioned adjacent to the conducting optical fiber 220. And the plurality of conducting fibers 220 are coaxially arranged and are all coaxial with the accommodating channel 110, so that the attenuation of light can be reduced, and the cross-sectional area of the guide wire 100 cannot be increased.

Referring to fig. 2, further, the optical sensor 210 includes a substrate 214 and a diaphragm 215, the substrate 214 is connected with the diaphragm 215 and defines an interference cavity 216 together, the optical sensor 210 is disposed in the accommodating channel 110 and keeps a fixed position relative to the accommodating channel 110, and a depth of the interference cavity 216 is set along an extending direction of the accommodating channel 110. The diaphragm 215 is positioned on one side of the substrate 214 close to the corresponding pressure equalizing hole 120, and the diaphragm 215 is used for sensing the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole 120 to move relative to the substrate 214 when the pressure changes, so as to change the depth of the interference cavity 216 and further change the interference waveform of the corresponding interference light; the side of the substrate 214 away from the membrane 215 is a first optical surface, the side of the membrane 215 away from the substrate 214 is a second optical surface, and the conducting fiber 220 is connected with the first optical surface or connected with the first optical surface through the focusing lens 260.

The first dichroic mirror 230 is disposed on a side of the diaphragm 215 away from the substrate 214, and the first dichroic mirror 230 is connected to the second light surface. The first dichroic mirrors 230 are configured to reflect light beams with a set wavelength range and transmit light beams with other wavelength ranges, it should be understood that the number of the pressure measuring modules 200 is multiple, each pressure measuring module 200 includes one first dichroic mirror 230, and the wavelength ranges of the light beams reflected by any two first dichroic mirrors 230 in the multiple first dichroic mirrors 230 do not overlap, so that interference between the multiple pressure measuring modules 200 is not caused. The side of the substrate 214 close to the membrane 215 is used for reflecting part of the light in the light beam of the set wavelength range, and the rest part of the light in the set wavelength range is emitted to the membrane 215 and reflected by the membrane 215, and the light reflected by the substrate 214 of the same optical sensor 210 and the light reflected by the membrane 215 form interference light. In other words, when a light beam within a set wavelength range is emitted from the substrate 214 to the membrane 215, a part of the light beam is directly reflected back by the substrate 214 and returns along the conductive optical fiber 220, and the rest of the light beam can transmit through the substrate 214 and be emitted onto the membrane 215, and is reflected back and returns along the conductive optical fiber 220 under the action of the first dichroic mirror 230 on the membrane 215. Referring to fig. 3, when the pressure inside the blood vessel changes, the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole 120 changes, and the changed pressure acts on the optical sensor 210 to make the diaphragm 215 close to or far from the base 214, i.e. the interference cavity 216 correspondingly shortens or extends, at this time, the second reflected light beam reflected by the diaphragm 215 changes, so that the interference light changes, the waveform of the interference light on the spectral analysis has modulation similar to a sine wave, and after the interference light changes, the waveform of the spectral analysis correspondingly changes, so as to determine the pressure change information. For example, as the pressure in the equalizing chamber 130 increases, the depth of the interference chamber 216 decreases, the interference waveform changes slowly per wavelength, or the number of oscillating cycles decreases.

It should be understood that a second dichroic mirror 240 may be provided on the substrate 214, the second dichroic mirror 240 being configured to reflect a light beam of the set wavelength range light beam such that a remaining portion of the set wavelength range light is directed towards the membrane 215 and reflected by the membrane 215; the second dichroic mirror 240 has a reflectivity (48% -52%), such as 48%, 50%, or 52%.

The first dichroic mirror 230 and the second dichroic mirror 240 may be dielectric films.

Optionally, the gradient pressure measurement system further includes a pressure measurement engine 300 and a light source (not shown), wherein the conducting fiber 220 of the plurality of conducting fibers 220 near the proximal end 005 of the guide wire is an initial fiber, which may also be referred to as a first conducting fiber 221, the pressure measurement engine 300 and the light source are connected to the first conducting fiber 221, the light source is configured to emit a light beam to the first conducting fiber 221, and the pressure measurement engine 300 is configured to receive the interference light reflected by the optical sensor 210 and is capable of forming an interference waveform according to the interference light.

It will be appreciated that the light beam from the light source travels in the direction from the proximal end 005 of the guide wire to the distal end 004 of the guide wire, and that part of the light beam needs to pass through the optical sensor 210 near the proximal end 005 of the guide wire and onto the optical sensor 210 behind it, and therefore, to reduce the attenuation of the light beam, a focusing lens 260 is provided on the side of the conducting optical fiber 220 near the proximal end 005 of the guide wire.

It should be noted that the light source may be a white light emitting diode, and the wavelength range of the emitted light beam is wide, which can satisfy the usage of a plurality of pressure measurement modules 200.

Referring to fig. 5, in the figure, a plurality of hollow arrows pointing from left to right are only used to illustrate the propagation of the three sensing beams, and do not represent the actual arrangement and distribution of the three sensing beams, in this embodiment, three pressure measurement modules 200 are taken as an example to illustrate the operation principle, as follows:

the first pressure measurement module 201, the second pressure measurement module 202 and the third pressure measurement module 203 are arranged in sequence in the direction from the proximal guide wire end 005 to the distal guide wire end 004. For convenience of description, the conducting optical fiber 220 of the first load cell module 201 is referred to as a first conducting optical fiber 221, the optical sensor 210 of the first load cell module 201 is referred to as a first optical sensor 211, and similarly, the second conducting optical fiber 222 and the second optical sensor 212 are respectively provided in the second load cell module 202, and the third conducting optical fiber 223 and the third optical sensor 213 are respectively provided in the third load cell module 203. The first conducting optical fiber 221 is connected to the light source, the second conducting optical fiber 222 and the first optical sensor 211 are positioned on both sides of the first pressure equalizing hole 121, the second optical sensor 212 and the third conducting optical fiber 223 are positioned on both sides of the second pressure equalizing hole 122, and the third optical sensor 213 is positioned on one side of the third pressure equalizing hole 123 near the proximal end 005 of the guide wire.

The light beams emitted by the light source comprise a first sensing beam 001, a second sensing beam 002 and a third sensing beam 003, the wavelength ranges of which are not overlapped, for example, the first sensing beam 001 is 400nm-450nm with a short wavelength, the second sensing beam 002 is 470nm-520nm with a longer wavelength, and the third sensing beam 003 is 540nm-590nm with a longer wavelength. Correspondingly, the depth of the first interferometric cavity 216 of the first optical sensor 211 is 30 microns at atmospheric pressure, and the depth of the interferometric cavity 216 does not vary by more than + -3 microns over a range of operating pressures (e.g., + -300 mmHg relative to atmospheric pressure). The depth ranges of the other interference cavities 216 will no longer overlap the depth range 30 + -3 microns of the first interference cavity 216, e.g., the working depth range of the second interference cavity 216 is 25 + -3 microns, the working depth range of the third interference cavity 216 is 20 + -3 microns, etc. Thus, in the spectrum analysis, the variation period of the interference fringe of the first interference cavity 216 is a specific variation range, and does not overlap with the variation periods of the interference fringes of the other interference cavities 216. For example, when the depth of the first interference cavity 216 is in the range of 30 ± 3 microns, the number of cycles of the interference fringes of the first interference cavity 216 per unit wavelength is the highest and varies the fastest compared to the interference cavity 216 of 25 ± 3 microns and 20 ± 3 microns. Thus, when the interference fringes are processed, the pressure measurement engine 300 may perform band-pass filtering on the waveform of the first interference cavity 216, and may filter the influence of other interference cavities 216 on the interference fringes in the optical band, so as to improve the signal-to-noise ratio.

The first sensing beam 001 is used with the first optical sensor 211, the second sensing beam 002 is used with the second optical sensor 212, and the third sensing beam 003 is used with the third optical sensor 213, that is, when performing spectrum analysis, the pressure measurement engine 300 can know that the signal in the operating optical band of the first optical sensor 211 is mainly generated by the first sensing beam 001, the signal in the operating optical band of the second optical sensor 212 is mainly generated by the second sensing beam 002, and the signal in the operating optical band of the third optical sensor 213 is mainly generated by the third sensing beam 003.

In operation, the first sensing beam 001, the second sensing beam 002 and the third sensing beam 003 emitted by the light source all propagate in the first light transmitting fiber 221, when the first sensing beam 001 propagates to the first optical sensor 211, a part of the first sensing beam is directly reflected back by the first substrate 214 of the first sensor, and the rest part of the first sensing beam passes through the first substrate 214, then is emitted to the first diaphragm 215, is reflected back by the first diaphragm 215, returns according to the original path, and propagates to the pressure measurement engine 300; the second sensor beam 002 and the third sensor beam 003 both pass through the first optical sensor 211 and propagate through the second conducting fiber 222. When the second sensing beam 002 propagates to the second optical sensor 212, a part of the second sensing beam is directly reflected back by the second substrate 214 of the second sensor, and the rest part of the second sensing beam passes through the second substrate 214, then is emitted to the second diaphragm 215, is reflected back by the second diaphragm 215, returns as before, and propagates to the pressure measurement engine 300; the third sensing beam 003 is transmitted through the second optical sensor 212 and propagates through the third conducting fiber 223, and when the third sensing beam 003 propagates to the third optical sensor 213, a part of the third sensing beam is directly reflected back by the third substrate 214 of the third sensor, and the rest of the third sensing beam is transmitted through the third substrate 214, then emitted to the third diaphragm 215, reflected back by the third diaphragm 215, and both return as before and propagate to the pressure measurement engine 300. The interference light reflected back by the first optical sensor 211, the interference light reflected back by the second optical sensor 212, and the interference light reflected back by the third optical sensor 213 are all subjected to spectrum analysis in the pressure measurement engine 300, so that corresponding oscillograms can be obtained, pressure information at corresponding positions can be obtained, and multi-point gradient pressure measurement can be realized.

In other embodiments, the pressure measurement engine 300 may be connected to the proximal end 005 of the guide wire sequentially through the interaction unit 400, the optical adapter 500, and the guide wire receiver 600, that is, the pressure engine, the optical adapter 500, and the guide wire receiver 600 are connected sequentially, and the proximal end 005 of the guide wire may be detachably connected to the optical adapter 500, so as to be conveniently stored and carried after being disassembled. The interaction unit 400, the optical adapter 500 and the guide wire receiver 600 are all capable of propagating light beams.

It should be noted that the guide wire 100 may be made of stainless steel or nickel alloy.

The gradient pressure measurement system provided by the embodiment can realize multi-point gradient pressure measurement on the premise of not increasing the cross-sectional area of the guide wire 100, the flow resistance of the guide wire 100 to blood is small, the influence on the accuracy of a measurement result is small, and the measurement accuracy is high.

The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, or improvement made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A gradient pressure measurement system, comprising:

the guide wire (100) is provided with an accommodating channel (110) extending in the length direction of the guide wire (100), and the wall of the guide wire (100) is provided with a plurality of pressure equalizing holes (120) communicated with the accommodating channel (110);

the pressure measuring modules (200) are arranged at intervals in the extending direction of the accommodating channel (110), the pressure measuring modules (200) correspond to the pressure equalizing holes (120) one by one, and each pressure measuring module (200) is used for measuring the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole (120);

the pressure measuring module (200) comprises an optical sensor (210), a conducting optical fiber (220) and a first dichroic mirror (230), the conducting optical fiber (220) and the optical sensor (210) are arranged in the accommodating channel (110), the optical sensor (210) is located on one side, close to the guide wire proximal end (005), of the corresponding pressure equalizing hole (120), and the conducting optical fiber (220) is located on one side, far away from the pressure equalizing hole (120), of the optical sensor (210); the optical sensor (210) is provided with a first light surface and a second light surface which are oppositely arranged in the extending direction of the accommodating channel (110), the conducting optical fiber (220) is connected with the first light surface, the first dichroic mirror (230) is arranged on the second light surface, the first dichroic mirror (230) is used for reflecting light beams in a set wavelength range and transmitting light beams in other wavelength ranges, and the wavelength ranges of the light beams reflected by any two first dichroic mirrors (230) in the first dichroic mirrors (230) are not overlapped;

the gradient pressure measurement system further comprises a pressure measurement engine (300) and a light source, wherein a conducting optical fiber (220) of the conducting optical fibers (220) close to the guide wire proximal end (005) is set as an initial optical fiber, the pressure measurement engine (300) and the light source are connected with the initial optical fiber, the light source is used for emitting a light beam to the initial optical fiber, and the pressure measurement engine (300) is used for receiving interference light reflected back by the optical sensor (210) and forming an interference waveform according to the interference light.

2. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 1, wherein:

the adjacent pressure measuring modules (200) have a distance in the extension direction of the accommodating channel (110).

3. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 2, wherein:

and a focusing lens (260) is arranged on the incident surface of the conducting optical fiber (220) of the pressure measuring module (200) far away from the proximal end (005) of the guide wire in two adjacent pressure measuring modules (200).

4. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 1, wherein:

the optical sensor (210) comprises a substrate (214) and a diaphragm (215), the substrate (214) is connected with the diaphragm (215) and the substrate (214) and the diaphragm (215) are connected with each other and jointly define an interference cavity (216), the diaphragm (215) is positioned on one side of the substrate (214) close to the corresponding pressure equalizing hole (120), and the diaphragm (215) is used for sensing the pressure at the corresponding pressure equalizing hole (120) to move relative to the substrate (214) when the pressure changes so as to change the depth of the interference cavity (216) and further change the interference waveform of the corresponding interference light; the first dichroic mirror (230) is arranged on the side of the diaphragm (215) away from the substrate (214); the side of the substrate (214) close to the membrane (215) is used for reflecting part of the light in the light beam in the set wavelength range, and the rest part of the light in the set wavelength range is emitted to the membrane (215) and reflected by the membrane (215), and the light reflected by the substrate (214) of the same optical sensor (210) and the light reflected by the membrane (215) form interference light.

5. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 4, wherein:

a second dichroic mirror (240) is arranged on the substrate (214), and the second dichroic mirror (240) is used for reflecting the light beam in the light beam with the set wavelength range, so that the rest part of the light in the set wavelength range is emitted to the diaphragm (215) and reflected by the diaphragm (215); wherein the second dichroic mirror (240) has a reflectivity of (48% -52%).

6. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 1, wherein:

a focusing lens (260) is arranged between the optical sensor (210) and the conducting optical fiber (220) in the same pressure measuring module (200).

7. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 1, wherein:

the conducting optical fiber (220) is sleeved with a positioning ring (250), and the positioning ring (250) is connected with the inner wall of the guide wire (100).

8. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 1, wherein:

the distal end face of the guide wire (100) is provided as an arcuate face.

9. The gradient pressure measurement system of claim 1, wherein:

a grooved structure (141) is provided on the wall of the guide wire (100) near its distal end.