CN113189861B - Design method of main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control - Google Patents
Design method of main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
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Abstract
Hair brushThe design method of main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control includes the steps of calculating post-desuperheater temperature T 1 Obtaining a third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature through third-order differential calculation; calculating the temperature T of the main steam 2 Deviation from the main steam temperature fixed value to obtain main steam temperature deviation; calculating the ratio of the enthalpy value required to be increased when the temperature rises by 1 ℃ after the desuperheater to the enthalpy value required to be increased when the main steam temperature rises by 1 ℃ to obtain the magnification of the transfer function of the inert region; dividing the main steam temperature deviation by the amplification factor of the inert zone transfer function, and summing the main steam temperature deviation and the third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature to obtain a virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature; and inputting the virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature into the PID controller to adjust the opening of the desuperheater water adjusting valve. The method can ensure that the main steam temperature control system is normally put into operation automatically.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a design method of a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control, and belongs to the technical field of desuperheating water control in a thermal power plant.
Background
The main temperature control mode of the boiler of the thermal power plant is generally used for temperature reduction control by adopting a water spraying temperature reduction water control mode, and a schematic diagram of the water spraying temperature reduction main steam temperature control is shown in figure 3, wherein: t is a unit of 1 : characterizing the post-desuperheater temperature, T 2 : characterizing the steam master control temperature;
the basic process of main steam temperature regulation is as follows: when the steam main control temperature rises, the opening of the regulating valve of the automatic control system is increased, and the water spraying amount is increased. The desuperheating water is mixed with the main steam and flows to the outlet, and the main control temperature of the steam is gradually reduced until the main control temperature of the steam meets the requirement.
Post-desuperheater temperature T of main steam temperature control system 1 To the master control temperature signal T 2 The temperature difference is large, and the general variation range is from 40 ℃ to 150 ℃. The greater the temperature difference between the post-desuperheater temperature and the master temperature signal, the more difficult it is to control. When the temperature difference is more than 100 ℃, many power plants directly abandon the automation. Because, whether PID cascade control or advanced differential PID control is adopted, the automatic control is easy to generate oscillation phenomenon. The reason is that: desuperheaterThe larger the temperature difference between the post-temperature and the main control temperature signal is, the longer the section of pipeline is, the larger the cumulative effect of the automatically changed water spraying quantity in the pipeline is; the greater the impact on the main steam pressure after the amount of water sprayed is converted to steam. When the influence on the main steam pressure is large enough to cause the main steam pressure control system to act (change the coal quantity), a positive coupling effect is formed between the main steam temperature control system and the main steam pressure control system; the coupling effect is that when the main steam temperature control system sprays water to reduce the temperature, the main steam pressure control system almost synchronously reduces the coal and also plays a role of reducing the temperature, and the two functions are superposed, so that the main steam temperature control system generates violent oscillation. For the operator, the automatic operation is not as automatic as the automatic operation. The key problem of the violent oscillation of the main steam temperature control system is that the automatic control system changes the water injection amount too much.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides a design method of a main steam temperature control system which can be normally put into operation and is equivalent to temperature control after a desuperheater.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows: a design method of a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
will desuperheater post temperature T 1 Obtaining a third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature through third-order differential calculation;
calculating the temperature T of the main steam 2 Deviation from the main steam temperature fixed value to obtain main steam temperature deviation;
calculating the ratio of the enthalpy value required to be increased when the temperature rises by 1 ℃ after the desuperheater to the enthalpy value required to be increased when the main steam temperature rises by 1 ℃ to obtain the magnification of the transfer function of the inert region;
dividing the main steam temperature deviation by the amplification factor of the inert zone transfer function, and summing the main steam temperature deviation and the third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature to obtain a virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature;
and inputting the virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature into the PID controller to adjust the opening of the desuperheater water adjusting valve.
The technical scheme is further designed as follows: and respectively inputting the temperature deviation value after the desuperheater and a virtual object equivalent to the temperature after the desuperheating into the PID controller through a switching module to adjust the opening of the desuperheating water adjusting valve.
The three-order differential calculation of the post-temperature of the desuperheater is obtained through calculation of a first subtraction module and three lead-lag modules which are connected in sequence, the post-temperature of the desuperheater is respectively input into a positive end of the first subtraction module and the three lead-lag modules which are connected in sequence, the output value of the lead-lag modules is input into a negative end of the first subtraction module, and the output value of the first subtraction module is the three-order differential calculation result of the post-temperature of the desuperheater.
The lead time of the three lead-lag modules connected in sequence is 0, and the lag time is t in sequence 1 、t 2 And t 3 。
Said t is 1 、t 2 And t 3 The difference value with the average value of the three is not more than one tenth of the average value of the three.
The main steam temperature deviation is obtained through calculation of a second subtraction module, the main steam temperature and the main steam temperature fixed value are respectively input to the positive end and the negative end of the second subtraction module, and the output of the second subtraction module is the main steam temperature deviation.
The magnification of the transfer function in the inert region is obtained by calculation through a two-addition module, a four-enthalpy value calculation module, a two-subtraction module and a division module; the post-desuperheater temperature and constant 1 are input into a first addition module, the main steam temperature and constant 1 are input into a second addition module, the output of the first addition module and the post-desuperheater pressure are input into a first enthalpy calculation module, the output of the second addition module and the main steam pressure are input into a second enthalpy calculation module, the output of the second addition module and the main steam pressure are input into a third enthalpy calculation module, and the main steam temperature and the main steam pressure are input into a fourth enthalpy calculation module; the output of the first enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the second enthalpy value calculation module are respectively input into a third subtraction module, the output of the third enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the fourth enthalpy value calculation module are respectively input into a fourth subtraction module, the output of the third enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the fourth enthalpy value calculation module are input into a first division module, and the output of the first division module is the amplification factor of the transfer function of the inert region.
The virtual object equivalent to the temperature behind the desuperheater is obtained through calculation of a second division module and a third addition module, the output of the second subtraction module and the output of the first division module are input into the second division module respectively, the output of the second division module and the output of the first subtraction module are input into the third addition module, and the output of the third addition module is the virtual object equivalent to the temperature behind the desuperheater.
The post-desuperheater temperature deviation value is obtained through calculation of a fifth subtraction module, the post-desuperheater temperature and the debugging value are respectively input into the fifth subtraction module, and the output of the fifth subtraction module is the post-desuperheater temperature deviation value.
The output of the fifth subtraction module and the output of the third addition module are respectively input into a switching module, the switching module is controlled by a switching value constant module, when the switching value constant module outputs 1, the switching module outputs the output value of the fifth subtraction module to a PID controller, and when the switching value constant module outputs 0, the switching module outputs the output value of the third addition module to the PID controller.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the invention enables the post-desuperheater temperature T to be controlled by designing the main steam temperature control system which is equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature control 1 To the master control temperature signal T 2 The main steam temperature control system with larger temperature difference can be normally put into automation. The main steam temperature control system after debugging has stronger stability and smaller temperature fluctuation. Meanwhile, the debugging process of the main steam temperature control system is simplified, and the method has better applicability.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control in accordance with an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of the temperature control of the main steam for water spray desuperheating;
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the disturbance effect of the main steam temperature control system of a system with a large temperature difference between the temperature of a plant after temperature reduction and the main control temperature.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in detail below with reference to the figures and the specific embodiments.
Examples
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the design of the main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control of the present embodiment is realized by the following method:
1. will desuperheater post temperature T 1 Obtaining a third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature through third-order differential calculation; post-desuperheater temperature T 1 One path is directly transmitted to the positive end of the first subtraction module 4, and the other path is sequentially transmitted to the negative end of the first subtraction module 4 through the first lead-lag module 1, the second lead-lag module 2 and the third lead-lag module 3, so that three-order differential action is realized at the output end of the first subtraction module 4. The three lead-lag modules realize pure lag function, namely the lead time is 0, and the lag time constants are respectively t 1 、t 2 And t 3 ，t 1 、t 2 And t 3 The difference value with the average value of the three is not more than one tenth of the average value of the three.
2. Calculating the temperature T of the main steam 2 Deviation from the main steam temperature fixed value to obtain main steam temperature deviation; the main steam temperature constant value signal sent by the first constant value module 5 is input to the negative end of the second subtraction module 6, and the main steam temperature T 2 The temperature of the steam is input to the positive end of the second subtraction module 6, and the output of the second subtraction module 6 is the deviation of the main steam temperature.
3. Calculating the ratio of the enthalpy value required to be increased by the temperature rise of 1 ℃ after the desuperheater to the enthalpy value required to be increased by the temperature rise of 1 ℃ of the main steam to obtain the amplification factor k of the transfer function of the inert region 2 (ii) a The constant value 1 output by the second constant value module and the post-desuperheater temperature T 1 The constant value 1 and the main steam temperature T output by the first adding module 9 and the third constant value module are input 2 The output of the first and second adding modules is a numerical value which is 1 ℃ higher than the post-desuperheater temperature and a numerical value which is 1 ℃ higher than the main steam temperature respectively when the output is input into a second adding module 14; the output value of the first adding module 9 and the post-desuperheater pressure are input into a first enthalpy value calculating module 10 for desuperheatingThe temperature after the temperature and the pressure after the desuperheater are input into a second enthalpy value calculation module 11, the output of a second addition module 14 and the input of main steam pressure into a third enthalpy value calculation module 15, and the output of the main steam temperature and the main steam pressure into a fourth enthalpy value calculation module 16, so that the output of the four enthalpy value calculation modules is the enthalpy value of the temperature after the desuperheater is increased by 1 ℃, the enthalpy value of the temperature after the desuperheater is increased by 1 ℃, the enthalpy value of the temperature after the temperature of the main steam is increased by 1 ℃ and the enthalpy value of the temperature of the main steam respectively; the output of the first enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the second enthalpy value calculation module are respectively input into a third subtraction module 12, the output of the third enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the fourth enthalpy value calculation module are respectively input into a fourth subtraction module 17, and the output of the third enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the fourth enthalpy value calculation module are respectively the enthalpy value which needs to be increased when the temperature rises by 1 ℃ and the enthalpy value which needs to be increased when the temperature of the main steam rises by 1 ℃ after temperature reduction. The output of the third subtraction module and the output of the fourth subtraction module are input into a first division module 18, and the output represents the ratio of the enthalpy value required to be increased when the temperature is increased by 1 ℃ after temperature reduction and the enthalpy value required to be increased when the temperature of the main steam is increased by 1 ℃, namely the amplification factor of the transfer function of the inert region of the main steam temperature; also, the temperature rise after the desuperheater is 1 ℃, and the temperature quantity of the main steam which should theoretically rise is also shown.
4. Dividing the main steam temperature deviation by the amplification factor of the inert zone transfer function, and summing the main steam temperature deviation and the third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature to obtain a virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature; the output 6 of the second subtraction module and the output of the first division module 18 are respectively input into a second division module 7, the output of the second division module 7 represents the amplification factor of the transfer function of the main steam temperature deviation reduced by the inertia zone, and if the output of the second division module 7 is defined as T 2 / Then T is 2 / Relative to post-desuperheater temperature T 1 For example, an inertial object with a magnification of 1.
The output of the second division module 7 and the output of the first subtraction module 4 are input into a third addition module 19, and the third addition module 19 is synthesized to be equivalent to the temperature T after temperature reduction 1 (s) virtual object T 1 / (s) if T 1 、T 1 / These two signals, when they change, are, in theory, perfectly synchronized (as dynamic, irrespective of the reference point), both in terms of the number of changes and in terms of the rhythm of the times of the changes.
5. Respectively inputting the temperature deviation value after the desuperheater and a virtual object equivalent to the temperature after the desuperheater into a PID controller through a switching module to adjust the opening of a desuperheating water adjusting valve;
the post-desuperheater temperature and the debugging value output by the fourth fixed value module 20 are respectively input into a fifth subtraction module 21 to obtain a post-desuperheater temperature deviation value;
the output of the fifth subtraction module 21 and the output of the third addition module 19 are input to a switching module 23, which is controlled by a switching constant module 22.
In the embodiment, the main loop in front of the PID controller is converted into a temperature T which is equal to the post-desuperheater temperature T 1 Virtual object T with identical dynamic characteristics 1 / Namely, a main steam temperature control system equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature control is constructed. Due to the existence of equivalence, the main steam temperature control system can be directly debugged by debugging the post-desuperheater temperature control system.
During debugging, the switching constant module 22 is manually set to 1 to indicate debugging; after the switching module 23 receives the debug start signal, the third addition module 19 outputs the post-desuperheater temperature deviation signal changed to the output of the fifth subtractor 21, so that the PID controller 25 communicates with the 0 constant module 24 and the post-desuperheater temperature T 1 (s), the fifth subtraction module 21 and the fourth constant value module 20 together constitute a PID single loop control system for post-desuperheater temperature control that is the simplest. The commissioning personnel changes the post-desuperheater temperature T by modifying the output of the fourth fixed value module 20 1 And(s) is the fixed value of the closed loop (post-desuperheater temperature) of the main signal, and debugging is carried out.
The main steam temperature control system is put into operation. With post-desuperheater temperature T 1 After the closed loop circuit with the(s) main signal is debugged, the switching constant module 22 is manually set to 0, and after the switching module 23 receives the debugging finish signal, the received input signal is changed into the output (T) of the third adding module 19 from the output of the fifth subtracter 21 1 / (s)), the main steam temperature control system is put into operation. The debugging personnel can slightly adjust according to the automatic control effect。
The design idea of the embodiment is as follows:
referring to the schematic water spray desuperheating diagram of figure 3,
in general, the transfer function expression of the inactive region of the primary steam temperature control system is:
in conjunction with the automatic control principle, the following assumptions are made:
relation of leading zone temperature to water spray quantity:
T 1 (s)＝k 1 g 1 (s)r(s) (1)
inert zone temperature vs. lead zone temperature:
T 2 (s)＝k 2 g 2 (s)T 1 (s) (2)
where k1 is the transfer function magnification, g, of the lead region 1 (s) is the inertial object transfer function with magnification of 1, K2 is the passive area transfer function magnification, g 2 (s) is an inertial object transfer function with a magnification of 1, typically processed in third order.
For advanced differential control, referring to fig. 1, the main steam temperature control is analyzed, i.e. in the non-debug mode of the switching module, the PID inputs are generally expressed as:
with the development of science and technology, the characteristics of a leading area and an inactive area of a temperature reduction water system can be measured. If the temperature T after the desuperheater 1 (s) a differential action transfer function of 1-g 2 (s) substitution
The mode is realized, and the PID input end expression is changed into:
Δ＝k / T 2 (s)+T 1 (s)(1-g 2 (s)) (3)
Δ＝k / k 2 T 1 (s)g 2 (s))+T 1 (s)(1-g 2 (s)) (4)
Δ＝k / k 2 T 1 (s) (5)
if it is
Then
Δ＝T 1 (s) (6)
PID controller front input offset signal equal to T 1 (s). Corresponding to the main steam temperature T 2 (s) main signal, T 1 The advanced differential signals of(s) are combined to form a virtual object T 1 / (s) this virtual object T 1 / (s) and post desuperheater temperature T 1 (s) have exactly the same dynamic characteristics, i.e. T 1 / (s) how much the signal changes, corresponding to T 1 (s) how much too; and are synchronized in time. Therefore, using equivalence, a commissioning post-desuperheating temperature T can be adopted 1 (s) a control system instead of directly debugging the main steam temperature control system. Due to the post-desuperheater temperature T 1 The time constant of(s) is small (typically no more than 30s), making the debugging process relatively simple.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of the effect of optimizing control in a power plant. The factory #2 furnace is only provided with one regulating valve, the temperature difference between the post-desuperheater temperature and the main control temperature reaches 135 ℃, and the system starts to vibrate as soon as the automatic control system designed by the conventional method is put into operation; or the response speed is too slow to meet the requirements of AGC. In the control system designed by the embodiment, the #2 unit (330MW) is about 235MW, the constant value disturbance effect is stable under the condition that the unit is put into AGC, and the automatic control of the main steam temperature is really realized.
The technical solutions of the present invention are not limited to the above embodiments, and all technical solutions obtained by using equivalent substitution modes fall within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. A design method of a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control is characterized by comprising the following steps:
will desuperheater post temperature T 1 Obtaining a third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature through third-order differential calculation;
calculating the temperature T of the main steam 2 Deviation from the main steam temperature fixed value to obtain main steam temperature deviation;
calculating the ratio of the enthalpy value required to be increased when the temperature rises by 1 ℃ after the desuperheater to the enthalpy value required to be increased when the temperature of the main steam rises by 1 ℃ to obtain the amplification factor of the transfer function of the inert region;
dividing the main steam temperature deviation by the amplification factor of the inert zone transfer function, and summing the main steam temperature deviation and the third-order differential value of the post-desuperheater temperature to obtain a virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature;
and inputting the virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature into the PID controller to adjust the opening of the desuperheater water adjusting valve.
2. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control in accordance with claim 1, wherein: and respectively inputting the temperature deviation value after the desuperheater and a virtual object equivalent to the temperature after the desuperheating into the PID controller through a switching module to adjust the opening of the desuperheating water adjusting valve.
3. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control according to claim 2, wherein: the three-order differential calculation of the post-desuperheater temperature is obtained through calculation of a first subtraction module and three lead-lag modules connected in sequence, the post-desuperheater temperature is respectively input into a positive end of the first subtraction module and the three lead-lag modules connected in sequence, an output value of the lead-lag module is input into a negative end of the first subtraction module, and an output value of the first subtraction module is a three-order differential calculation result of the post-desuperheater temperature.
4. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control according to claim 3, wherein: the three connected lead-lagThe lead time of the module is 0, and the lag time is t 1、 t 2 And t 3 (ii) a Said t is 1、 t 2 And t 3 The difference value with the average value of the three is not more than one tenth of the average value of the three.
5. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control according to claim 4, wherein: the main steam temperature deviation is obtained through calculation of the second subtraction module, the main steam temperature and the main steam temperature fixed value are respectively input to the positive end and the negative end of the second subtraction module, and the output of the second subtraction module is the main steam temperature deviation.
6. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control according to claim 5, wherein: the magnification of the transfer function in the inert region is obtained by calculation through a two-addition module, a four-enthalpy value calculation module, a two-subtraction module and a division module; the post-desuperheater temperature and constant 1 are input into a first addition module, the main steam temperature and constant 1 are input into a second addition module, the output of the first addition module and the post-desuperheater pressure are input into a first enthalpy calculation module, the output of the second addition module and the main steam pressure are input into a second enthalpy calculation module, the output of the second addition module and the main steam pressure are input into a third enthalpy calculation module, and the main steam temperature and the main steam pressure are input into a fourth enthalpy calculation module; the output of the first enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the second enthalpy value calculation module are respectively input into a third subtraction module, the output of the third enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the fourth enthalpy value calculation module are respectively input into a fourth subtraction module, the output of the third enthalpy value calculation module and the output of the fourth enthalpy value calculation module are input into a first division module, and the output of the first division module is the amplification factor of the transfer function of the inert region.
7. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control of claim 6, wherein: the virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature is obtained through calculation by a second division module and a third addition module, the output of the second subtraction module and the output of the first division module are respectively input into the second division module, the output of the second division module and the output of the first subtraction module are input into the third addition module, and the output of the third addition module is the virtual object equivalent to the post-desuperheater temperature.
8. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control of claim 7, wherein: the post-desuperheater temperature deviation value is obtained through calculation of a fifth subtraction module, the post-desuperheater temperature and the debugging value are respectively input into the fifth subtraction module, and the output of the fifth subtraction module is the post-desuperheater temperature deviation value.
9. The method of designing a main steam temperature control system equivalent to post-desuperheater temperature control of claim 8, wherein: and the output of the fifth subtraction module and the output of the third addition module are respectively input into a switching module, the switching module is controlled by a switching value constant module, when the switching value constant module outputs 1, the switching module outputs the output value of the fifth subtraction module to a PID controller, and when the switching value constant module outputs 0, the switching module outputs the output value of the third addition module to the PID controller.
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| CN108386829B (en) * | 2018-03-01 | 2019-06-11 | 北京德普新源科技发展有限公司 | A kind of temprature control method of boiler overheating steam, device and system |
| CN110360540B (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2020-08-07 | 国网吉林省电力有限公司电力科学研究院 | Boiler main steam temperature control method for power grid AGC load instruction frequent fluctuation |
| CN111664442B (en) * | 2020-07-22 | 2021-12-10 | 中国电力工程顾问集团西北电力设计院有限公司 | Desuperheating water control method, system and equipment based on heat value calculation and readable storage medium |
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