CN113187551A - Method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-drill-hole subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing - Google Patents
Method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-drill-hole subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing Download PDFInfo
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- CN113187551A CN113187551A CN202110422750.8A CN202110422750A CN113187551A CN 113187551 A CN113187551 A CN 113187551A CN 202110422750 A CN202110422750 A CN 202110422750A CN 113187551 A CN113187551 A CN 113187551A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 41
- 208000010392 Bone Fractures Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 206010017076 Fracture Diseases 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 abstract description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000005641 tunneling Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009825 accumulation Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004146 energy storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E21—EARTH OR ROCK DRILLING; MINING
- E21F—SAFETY DEVICES, TRANSPORT, FILLING-UP, RESCUE, VENTILATION, OR DRAINING IN OR OF MINES OR TUNNELS
- E21F17/00—Methods or devices for use in mines or tunnels, not covered elsewhere
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-drill-hole subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing, and belongs to the technical field of roadway dynamic disaster prevention and treatment. According to the method, a long drill hole is constructed in front of a roadway, pre-slotting is carried out on each fracturing section in the hole according to fracturing design, the fracturing initiation direction is controlled, and the fracturing initiation pressure is reduced. High-precision microseismic monitoring systems are arranged around a roadway in advance before fracturing, the fracturing range and effect are monitored, the fracturing range is controlled in the roadway tunneling surrounding rock stress disturbance range, the problem that the control effect cannot be achieved due to the small fracturing range and the resource waste is caused due to the overlarge fracturing range is avoided. In the process of drilling and fracturing, the staged fracturing distance is adjusted according to the microseismic monitoring result, and the fracturing effect is prevented from being reduced due to overlarge fracturing distance. The method has simple process and obvious effect of preventing and controlling the dynamic disaster, not only can release the elastic energy accumulated in the surrounding rock in advance to reduce the occurrence of the dynamic disaster, but also can prevent the energy accumulation of the surrounding rock in the tunneling process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of roadway dynamic disaster prevention and control, in particular to a method for preventing and controlling dynamic disasters through long-drill-hole subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing.
Background
With the gradual consumption of shallow mineral resources in China, deep mining of mineral resources is urgent, but the deep mining faces the problems of high temperature and high pressure, particularly, dynamic disasters such as rock burst and rock burst frequently occur in the process of tunneling along with the increase of depth, and huge life and property threats are brought to mining work and workers. Therefore, it is very important to prevent and control dynamic disasters.
The existing prevention and control method for dynamic disasters mainly releases concentrated stress on rock masses, and the stress release method releases pressure or protects coal rock masses. Chinese patent CN110107352A discloses a method for protecting a coal mine tunnel before head-on rock burst occurs, which mainly comprises the following steps: before the rock burst comes, 2 protective structures (wall bolsters) are arranged at the head of the roadway, and protective doors are arranged between the wall bolsters to block flying stones and shock waves. The adopted method cannot accurately predict when the rock burst occurs to carry out timely protection, which affects the tunneling plan of the tunnel, and even if the primary rock burst protection is successful, the method cannot ensure that the secondary rock burst does not occur, which still has certain danger in the tunneling process of the tunnel. Chinese patent CN102425416A discloses a method for preventing and controlling rock burst of a roadway driving working face in a high-stress area of a coal mine, which mainly comprises the following steps: performing twice large-diameter drilling pressure relief on a roadway working surface along the direction of the roadway; and (4) carrying out conventional deep hole blasting pressure relief, and carrying out pressure relief and tunneling at the same time. The adopted method has complex process, and the deep hole blasting pressure relief is difficult to control, which may bring more harm.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-drill-hole subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a large-diameter pressure relief hole in the center of the roadway driving face, wherein the diameter of the pressure relief hole is 100-200mm, and the drilling depth of the pressure relief hole is 50-200 m;
s2: pre-slotting the fracturing section in the pressure relief hole according to the design requirement on site;
s3: installing high-precision microseismic monitoring systems at different positions of the surrounding space of the roadway, wherein the high-precision microseismic monitoring systems are used for monitoring the development of the fracture in real time so as to control the development range of the fracture and control the range and effect of hydraulic fracturing;
s4: after the pressure around the pressure relief hole is released, a hole packer is arranged at the bottom of the hole, high-pressure water is injected, the water injection pressure is greater than 30MPa, and after the first section of fracturing section is finished, the staged fracturing distance is adjusted according to the monitoring result of the microseismic monitoring system, and then the next section of fracturing work is carried out;
s5: and circulating S4 until the whole pressure relief hole is fractured.
In order to ensure the safety of site construction, the distance between the last slotting position and the last fracturing position and the head of the roadway is not less than 15 m.
And in S2, the fracturing section is determined according to the microseismic monitoring range during fracturing.
In the S2, the pre-slotting adopts a hydraulic slotting process, and the slotting position is the fracture development position.
The high-precision microseismic monitoring system in the S3 comprises high-precision microseismic detectors, and the number of the high-precision microseismic detectors is not less than 4; the installation position is determined according to the field condition, so that the high-precision microseismic detectors are not on the same plane or section, and spatial arrangement can be formed.
The hole packer in the S4 is a mining high-pressure water-induced cracking type hole packer.
The step of adjusting the staged fracturing interval in the step S4 is specifically as follows: the fracture distance is increased by no more than 5m on the basis of the range of the primary fracture along the axial direction during microseismic monitoring. Such as: if the primary fracturing range of the microseismic monitoring along the axial direction is 20m, the fracturing distance can be adjusted to be 20-25 m.
The first section of fracturing section starts from the bottom of the pressure relief hole and gradually carries out the next section of fracturing operation towards the direction of the hole opening.
After the drilling construction reaches a preset depth, conventional fracturing is difficult to crack due to the fact that surrounding rock strength of the deep hard rock roadway is high; therefore, a crack is pre-manufactured by carrying out ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic cutting at a position to be fractured, the pressure of a high-pressure pump is not less than 100MPa, the flow is not less than 60L/min, and the fracture initiation pressure in the next normal fracturing is reduced through the pre-cutting.
And then, according to a theoretical calculation result, the tunneling disturbance range is generally not more than 3 times of the tunnel radius, so that the expansion range of the fractured fracture is not less than 3 times of the tunnel radius in the fracturing period. During on-site construction, the extension range of the fracturing crack is controlled to be 4-5 times of the radius of the roadway, and the risk of dynamic disasters during roadway excavation can be effectively eliminated.
The technical scheme of the invention has the following beneficial effects:
according to the scheme, the elastic energy accumulated in the coal rock body can be effectively released, and the energy storage capacity of the rock body is weakened to prevent and control dynamic disasters (the invention refers to rock burst and rock burst disasters). And a high-precision micro-seismic monitoring system is adopted to monitor the development range and the pressure relief effect of the crack in real time during fracturing, so that the problem that the fracturing range is small and the effect of preventing and treating dynamic disasters is not achieved or the fracturing range is too large to cause engineering waste is avoided. The method has simple construction process and can eliminate the dynamic disaster risk of the roadway in a large-range area at one time.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of stress curves before and after fracture development and pressure relief in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an embodiment of an ultra-high pressure hydraulic slotted connection in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of the operation of a hole packer in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the fracturing effect in the embodiment of the invention.
Wherein: 1-surrounding rock; 2, a roadway; 3, pressure relief holes; 4-high precision microseismic detector; 5, a water tank; 6-ultrahigh pressure rubber tube; 7-a pressure gauge; 8-flow meter A; 9-ultra-high pressure clean water pump; 10-a threaded joint; 11-rotating the water tail under ultrahigh pressure; 12-hydraulic seam cutting shallow spiral rotating rod; 13-high and low pressure conversion slotting device; 14-diamond compact drill bits; 15-pre-slotting; 16-water supply pipe of hole packer; 17-a water supply pipe of a fracturing section of the hole packer; 18-hole packer; 19-hole sealing pipeline; 20-fracturing the pipeline; 21-a pressure sensor; 22-fracturing line stop valve; 23-sealing a hole pipeline stop valve; 24-pressure gauge; 25-flow meter B; 26-an unloading valve; 27-water supply pump; 28-a water supply pipe; 29-a hole packer water injection system; 30-crack development; 31-pre-slotting and expanding cracks; 32-first stage fracturing section; 33-second stage fracturing stage.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the following detailed description is given with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.
The invention provides a method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long drilling subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing.
The method comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a large-diameter pressure relief hole in the center of the roadway driving face, wherein the diameter of the pressure relief hole is 100-200mm, and the drilling depth of the pressure relief hole is 50-200 m;
s2: pre-slotting the fracturing section in the pressure relief hole according to design requirements;
s3: installing high-precision microseismic monitoring systems at different positions of the surrounding space of the roadway, wherein the high-precision microseismic monitoring systems are used for monitoring the development of the fracture in real time so as to control the development range of the fracture;
s4: after the pressure around the pressure relief hole is released, a hole packer is arranged at the bottom of the hole, high-pressure water is injected, the water injection pressure is greater than 30MPa, and after the first section of fracturing section is finished, the staged fracturing distance is adjusted according to the monitoring result of the microseismic monitoring system, and then the next section of fracturing work is carried out;
s5: and circulating S4 until the whole pressure relief hole is fractured.
The following description is given with reference to specific examples.
As shown in figure 1, a large-diameter pressure relief hole 3 is drilled in the center of the head-on face of a roadway 2 of a surrounding rock 1, air pressure and low-pressure water are injected into the hole to assist in slag removal at a certain depth, the diameter of the drilled hole is 100-200mm, and the depth of the drilled hole is 50-200m (optional and determined according to field equipment).
After the preset depth is drilled, the ultrahigh-pressure hydraulic joint cutting device is connected according to the diagram shown in fig. 2, a water tank 5 is filled with water (the water tank is required to be continuously supplied with water during the slotting operation) and a drainage system preparation and a power supply system preparation are prepared before the slotting operation, the water tank 5 is connected with an ultrahigh-pressure clean water pump 9 through an ultrahigh-pressure rubber pipe 6, a press machine 7 and a flowmeter A8 are arranged on the ultrahigh-pressure clean water pump 9, a threaded joint 10 connected with the ultrahigh-pressure rubber pipe behind the ultrahigh-pressure clean water pump 9 is inserted into an ultrahigh-pressure rotary water tail 11, the ultrahigh-pressure rotary water tail 11 is connected with a hydraulic slotting shallow spiral rotating rod 12, the hydraulic slotting shallow spiral rotating rod 12 is connected with a high-low pressure conversion slotting device 13, a diamond compact bit 14 is arranged on the high-low pressure conversion slotting device 13, and a precutting slot 15 is arranged in a pressure relief hole 3; and then the ultrahigh pressure clean water pump 9 is started, when the pressure gauge 7 shows that the pressure is more than 100MPa and the flow meter A8 shows that the flow is more than 60L/min, the high-low pressure switching slotting device 13 is in a high-pressure state, and the front end of the high-low pressure switching slotting device 13 is closed at the moment, so that the cutting function is realized. And keeping the drilling machine to integrally rotate and retreat, and performing hydraulic cutting on the fracturing section.
And then, high-precision microseismic detectors 4 are arranged at different positions of the space around the roadway 2 and are used for monitoring the development of the fracture in real time so as to control the development range of the fracture and adjust the staged fracturing distance, the development radius range of the fracture is 4-5 times of the radius of the roadway, the fracture cannot be too large or too small, the effect of controlling power disasters cannot be achieved due to too small fracture, and resources are wasted due to too large fracture. The development range of the crack is shown schematically in FIG. 1.
After the high-precision microseismic detector 4 is installed, a high-pressure water fracturing system is installed on the head of the roadway, a hole packer 18 is installed at the bottom of a large-diameter pressure relief hole 3, high-pressure water is injected, the water injection pressure is higher than 30MPa, the hole packer moves 5-10m towards the direction of an orifice after the fracturing of a first section of fracturing section 32 is finished (the staged fracturing distance is adjusted according to the monitoring result of the microseismic monitoring system), then the slotting and fracturing of a second section of fracturing section 33 are carried out, and the process is repeated until the fracturing of the whole pressure relief hole is finished. In order to ensure the safety of site construction, the distance between the last slotting position and the last fracturing position and the head of the roadway is not less than 15 m. The fracturing effect is schematically shown in fig. 4, and a developed fracture 30 and a pre-slit expanded fracture 31 are arranged in the surrounding rock 1.
As shown in fig. 3, the water injection system 29 of the hole packer comprises a hole sealing pipeline 19, a fracturing pipeline 20, a pressure sensor 21, a fracturing pipeline stop valve 22, a hole sealing pipeline stop valve 23, a pressure gauge 24, a flowmeter B25, an unloading valve 26, a water supply pump station 27 and a water supply pipe 28. The hole packer 18 is provided with a hole packer water supply pipe 16 and a hole packer fracturing section water supply pipe 17. The working process is as follows: and opening the unloading valve 26 and then opening the water supply pump station 27 to inject water into the hole sealing device 18 through the water supply pipe 28, and closing the hole sealing pipeline stop valve 23 after the injected water reaches a certain pressure to complete hole sealing. And then, opening a fracturing pipeline stop valve 22, injecting high-pressure water into the section to be fractured, moving the section to the direction of the hole opening for 5-10m (adjusting the staged fracturing distance according to the monitoring result of the microseismic monitoring system) after the fracturing work of the section is finished, and fracturing the next section until the fracturing of the whole pressure relief hole is finished (the distance between the last cutting seam and the fracturing section is more than 15m from the hole opening).
While the foregoing is directed to the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.
Claims (7)
1. A method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long drilling subsection fixed-point controlled fracturing is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: drilling a large-diameter pressure relief hole in the center of the roadway driving face, wherein the diameter of the pressure relief hole is 100-200mm, and the drilling depth of the pressure relief hole is 50-200 m;
s2: pre-slotting the fracturing section in the pressure relief hole according to design requirements;
s3: installing high-precision microseismic monitoring systems at different positions of the surrounding space of the roadway, wherein the high-precision microseismic monitoring systems are used for monitoring the development of the fracture in real time so as to control the development range of the fracture;
s4: after the pressure around the pressure relief hole is released, a hole packer is arranged at the bottom of the hole, high-pressure water is injected, the water injection pressure is greater than 30MPa, and after the first section of fracturing section is finished, the staged fracturing distance is adjusted according to the monitoring result of the microseismic monitoring system, and then the next section of fracturing work is carried out;
s5: and circulating S4 until the whole pressure relief hole is fractured.
2. The method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-borehole staged fixed-point controlled fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the fracturing section in the S2 is determined according to the microseismic monitoring range during fracturing.
3. The method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-borehole staged fixed-point controlled fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and pre-slotting in the S2 adopts a hydraulic slotting process, and the slotting position is the fracture development position.
4. The method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-borehole staged fixed-point controlled fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the high-precision microseismic monitoring system in the S3 comprises high-precision microseismic detectors, and the number of the high-precision microseismic detectors is not less than 4; the installation position is determined according to the field condition, so that the high-precision microseismic detectors are not on the same plane or section, and spatial arrangement can be formed.
5. The method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-borehole staged fixed-point controlled fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the hole packer in the S4 is a mining high-pressure water-induced cracking type hole packer.
6. The method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-borehole staged fixed-point controlled fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: the step of adjusting the staged fracturing interval in the step S4 is specifically as follows: the fracture distance is increased by no more than 5m on the basis of the range of the primary fracture along the axial direction during microseismic monitoring.
7. The method for preventing and treating dynamic disasters by long-borehole staged fixed-point controlled fracturing according to claim 1, wherein the method comprises the following steps: and the first section of fracturing section starts from the bottom of the pressure relief hole and gradually carries out the next section of fracturing operation towards the direction of the hole opening.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116480347A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-07-25 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Hydraulic fracturing method for coal mine roof |
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| CN102298154A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2011-12-28 | 徐州福安科技有限公司 | Device and method for monitoring evolution and distribution of mining-induced fracture |
| CN107676126A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-09 | 重庆大学 | It is a kind of to utilize the concordant region hydraulic fracturing method for intercepting control |
| CN110145233A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-20 | 山东唐口煤业有限公司 | A kind of disaster-ridden evil collaboration control method of rock burst coal seam " boring-cutting-presses-pumping-to infuse " |
| WO2019205516A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 中国矿业大学 | System for extracting gas from tectonically-deformed coal seam in-situ by depressurizing horizontal well cavity |
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- 2021-04-16 CN CN202110422750.8A patent/CN113187551A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102298154A (en) * | 2011-04-20 | 2011-12-28 | 徐州福安科技有限公司 | Device and method for monitoring evolution and distribution of mining-induced fracture |
| CN107676126A (en) * | 2017-10-16 | 2018-02-09 | 重庆大学 | It is a kind of to utilize the concordant region hydraulic fracturing method for intercepting control |
| WO2019205516A1 (en) * | 2018-04-28 | 2019-10-31 | 中国矿业大学 | System for extracting gas from tectonically-deformed coal seam in-situ by depressurizing horizontal well cavity |
| CN110145233A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-08-20 | 山东唐口煤业有限公司 | A kind of disaster-ridden evil collaboration control method of rock burst coal seam " boring-cutting-presses-pumping-to infuse " |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116480347A (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-07-25 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Hydraulic fracturing method for coal mine roof |
| CN116480347B (en) * | 2023-06-26 | 2023-11-07 | 华能煤炭技术研究有限公司 | Hydraulic fracturing method for coal mine roof |
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