CN113186876A - Construction method of floating dock anchoring facility - Google Patents
Construction method of floating dock anchoring facility Download PDFInfo
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- CN113186876A CN113186876A CN202110311319.6A CN202110311319A CN113186876A CN 113186876 A CN113186876 A CN 113186876A CN 202110311319 A CN202110311319 A CN 202110311319A CN 113186876 A CN113186876 A CN 113186876A
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- anchor block
- barge
- caisson
- floating dock
- floating
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02B—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING
- E02B3/00—Engineering works in connection with control or use of streams, rivers, coasts, or other marine sites; Sealings or joints for engineering works in general
- E02B3/20—Equipment for shipping on coasts, in harbours or on other fixed marine structures, e.g. bollards
- E02B3/24—Mooring posts
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E02—HYDRAULIC ENGINEERING; FOUNDATIONS; SOIL SHIFTING
- E02D—FOUNDATIONS; EXCAVATIONS; EMBANKMENTS; UNDERGROUND OR UNDERWATER STRUCTURES
- E02D23/00—Caissons; Construction or placing of caissons
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Ocean & Marine Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Mining & Mineral Resources (AREA)
- Paleontology (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Underground Or Underwater Handling Of Building Materials (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of floating dock anchoring, and particularly discloses a construction method of a floating dock anchoring facility, which comprises the following steps: s1: determining the position of the underwater foundation trench and dredging; s2: forming and leveling a riprap foundation bed and placing an anchor block caisson; s3: backfilling broken stones inside and outside the anchor block caisson; s4: laying a floating dock anchor chain and connecting the floating dock anchor chain with an anchor block caisson; the construction steps of the scheme of the invention are simple and convenient, can be well implemented in complex terrains, and is mainly suitable for anchoring large floating docks under the condition of being unfavorable for storms and waves; the anchor block increases friction with the bottom of the foundation trench by utilizing self weight and the gravity of the internal broken stone, and effectively resists the external force transmitted by the floating dock; the set anchor block is stable and firm, and the normal use of the floating dock for anchoring is ensured.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of floating dock anchoring, in particular to a construction method of a floating dock anchoring facility.
Background
Compared with a dry dock, the floating dock has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, short construction period, flexibility, convenience in migration and the like, does not occupy land area, is suitable for minor repair, dock repair and accident repair of ships of more than ten thousand tons, and is favored by shipping companies.
When the existing floating dock is constructed, under the conditions of some special terrains, such as large water depth, poor breakwater shielding conditions and large wind waves in a port, the construction of a cast-in-place pile is difficult to form and has no construction capability.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a construction method of a floating dock anchoring facility, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the position of the underwater foundation trench and dredging;
s2: forming and leveling a riprap foundation bed and placing an anchor block caisson;
s3: backfilling broken stones inside and outside the anchor block caisson;
s4: and laying a floating dock anchor chain and connecting the floating dock anchor chain with the anchor block caisson.
Preferably, in step S1, site survey lofting is performed before dredging, and a buoy is set according to the survey lofting result to determine the dredging boundary.
Preferably, in step S1, the trench dredging construction is performed by using a working barge, a hopper barge, and a tugboat, which are equipped with a crawler crane and a clamshell type dredge grab; the end of the suspension arm of the crawler crane is provided with a GPS navigation positioning device, the position data of the suspension arm is processed by a computer, and then the real-time geometric information of the dredging grab bucket in the dredging process can be output and displayed, wherein the real-time geometric information comprises a plane coordinate and the excavation depth.
Preferably, in step S2, the construction of forming and leveling the riprap foundation is performed by using a working barge loaded with a crawler crane and a multi-clack grab and a leveling plate, a flat bottom barge for transporting foundation stones, and a tugboat.
Preferably, the construction process of forming the riprap foundation bed and leveling the foundation bed comprises the following steps: operating the crawler crane and the grab bucket to grab the rock blocks from the flat bottom barge by a constructor on the operation barge according to the instruction of a diver, descending the grab bucket to the bottom surface of the foundation trench, opening the grab bucket and synchronously pulling up the arm support of the crawler crane to ensure that the rock materials in the grab bucket are uniformly dumped in the foundation trench, and monitoring the formation condition of the rubble foundation bed in real time by the diver; after the riprap foundation bed is formed, a constructor on the operation barge operates the crawler crane descending leveling plate to tamp the riprap foundation bed so as to improve the flatness of the top surface of the riprap foundation bed.
Preferably, in step S2, after finishing leveling the riprap foundation bed and proving that the riprap foundation bed meets the design requirements through underwater topography measurement, the anchor block caisson is placed and constructed through a large-scale floating crane and a lifting appliance.
Preferably, the anchor block caisson is placed and constructed in the following steps: moving the floating crane to a designated position by using a tugboat, anchoring, connecting a caisson type anchor block with a lifting appliance, and lifting the caisson type anchor block to a height of 1m above the ground; before hoisting, a chain tying ring of the caisson type anchor block is connected with an anchor chain with the length of the first section being 30 m; the lifting appliance is provided with GPS navigation positioning equipment, and real-time coordinates of 4 angular points of the caisson type anchor block in the installation process can be obtained through relative position information of the lifting appliance and the 4 angular points of the caisson type anchor block which is input in advance; lifting the anchor by the floating crane, and dragging the floating crane to an anchor block installation area by a tug boat; and after the floating crane reaches the installation area, adjusting the ship position and the boom arm width of the floating crane to enable the coordinates of the 4 angular points of the anchor block to coincide with the design coordinates, then, lowering the anchor block to the top surface of the riprap foundation bed by the floating crane, and finally, lowering the anchor block to the riprap foundation bed.
Preferably, in step S3, the construction of backfilling the crushed stones inside and outside the caisson is performed by a working barge equipped with a crawler crane, a multi-petal grab and a leveling plate, a flat bottom barge for transporting the crushed stones, and a tugboat.
Preferably, the construction process of backfilling the broken stones inside and outside the caisson comprises the following steps: a 1m diameter guide pipe is arranged on the side of the operation barge and used for controlling the throwing and filling range of the broken stones; moving the working barge and the flat-bottom barge to the designated positions through the tug boat, anchoring, operating the crawler crane and the grab bucket to grab the broken stones from the flat-bottom barge and pouring the broken stones into the guide pipe; after the backfilled gravel reaches the designed elevation, the operation barge and the flat bottom barge are anchored, and the ship is moved to the next designated position; and repeating the operations until the construction of backfilling the crushed stones inside and outside the caisson is completed.
Preferably, in step S4, a crane ship and a barge are used to lay the anchor chain of the floating dock; and connecting the laid mooring lines with the mooring lines on the chain links in step S2.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that: the construction steps of the scheme of the invention are simple and convenient, can be well implemented in complex terrains, and is mainly suitable for anchoring large floating docks under the condition of being unfavorable for storms and waves; the anchor block increases friction with the bottom of the foundation trench by utilizing self weight and the gravity of the internal broken stone, and effectively resists the external force transmitted by the floating dock; the set anchor block is stable and firm, and the normal use of the floating dock for anchoring is ensured.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the steps of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Referring to fig. 1, any one of the embodiments of the present invention is described for further explanation:
s1: determining the position of the underwater foundation trench and dredging;
the trench dredging operation is performed by means of working barges 1, barges 2 and tugboats 2 loaded with crawler cranes and clamshell-type dredging grab buckets.
Firstly, carrying out site measurement lofting, and setting a buoy according to a measurement lofting result to determine a dredging boundary; the end head of the suspension arm of the crawler crane is provided with a GPS navigation positioning device, and the position data of the suspension arm is processed by a computer, so that the real-time geometric information of the dredging grab bucket in the dredging process, including the plane coordinate and the excavation depth, can be output and displayed.
S2: forming and leveling a riprap foundation bed and placing an anchor block caisson;
riprap foundation bed formation and foundation bed leveling
After the trench dredging operation is completed, the riprap foundation forming and the foundation leveling operation, which requires the diving operation, are performed by the working barges 1 loaded with the crawler crane, the multi-petal grab bucket and the leveling plate, the flatbed barges 1 for transporting the foundation block stones and the tugboats 1.
And operating the crawler crane and the grab bucket to grab the rock blocks from the flat bottom barge by a constructor on the operation barge according to the instruction of a diver, descending the grab bucket to the bottom surface of the foundation trench, slowly opening the grab bucket and synchronously pulling up the arm support of the crawler crane to ensure that the rock materials in the grab bucket are uniformly dumped in the foundation trench, and monitoring the formation condition of the dumping rock foundation bed in real time by the diver.
After the riprap foundation bed is formed, a constructor on the operation barge operates the crawler crane descending leveling plate to tamp the riprap foundation bed so as to improve the flatness of the top surface of the riprap foundation bed.
Caisson for placing anchor blocks
After the riprap foundation bed is leveled and the underwater topography measurement proves that the riprap foundation bed meets the design requirements, the installation construction of the caisson type anchor block is carried out through the large-scale floating crane 1 and the lifting appliance 1 sleeve.
And moving the floating crane to a designated position by adopting a tugboat, anchoring, connecting a caisson type anchor block and a lifting appliance, and lifting the caisson type anchor block to the height of 1m above the ground. Before hoisting, the chain ring of the caisson type anchor block is connected with an anchor chain with the length of the first section being about 30 m. The lifting appliance is provided with GPS navigation positioning equipment, and real-time coordinates of 4 angular points of the caisson type anchor block in the installation process can be obtained through relative position information of the lifting appliance and the 4 angular points of the caisson type anchor block which is input in advance.
And (4) lifting the anchor by the floating crane, and dragging the floating crane to an anchor block installation area by a tug boat.
And after the floating crane reaches the installation area, the position of the floating crane and the arm width of the suspension arm are adjusted by a small amplitude to enable the coordinates of 4 angular points of the anchor block to coincide with the design coordinates, then the floating crane is anchored, and the anchor block is slowly descended to the top surface of the riprap foundation bed.
S3: backfilling broken stones inside and outside the anchor block caisson;
after the caisson type anchor block is installed, the construction of backfilling the broken stone inside and outside the caisson is carried out through the working barges 1 loaded with the crawler crane, the multi-flap grab bucket and the leveling plate, the flat bottom barges 1 used for transporting the broken stone and the tugboats 1.
A1 m diameter guide pipe is installed on the side of the operation barge and used for controlling the throwing and filling range of the broken stones.
Moving the operation barge and the flat-bottom barge to the designated positions by using a tugboat and anchoring;
operating the crawler crane and the grab bucket to grab gravel from the flat-bottom barge and pour the gravel into the conduit;
and after the backfilled gravel reaches the designed elevation, the operation barge and the flat bottom barge are anchored, the barge is moved to the next designated position, and the operations are repeated until the construction of the backfilled gravel inside and outside the caisson is completed.
S4: laying a floating dock anchor chain and connecting the floating dock anchor chain with an anchor block caisson;
and laying a floating dock anchor chain by adopting a crane ship and a barge, and connecting a first section of anchor chain connected with the caisson type anchor block and the laid floating dock anchor chain.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (10)
1. A construction method of a floating dock anchoring facility is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: determining the position of the underwater foundation trench and dredging;
s2: forming and leveling a riprap foundation bed and placing an anchor block caisson;
s3: backfilling broken stones inside and outside the anchor block caisson;
s4: and laying a floating dock anchor chain and connecting the floating dock anchor chain with the anchor block caisson.
2. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, site survey lofting is performed before dredging, and buoys are set according to the survey lofting result to determine the dredging boundary.
3. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S1, a working barge, a hopper barge, and a tugboat, on which a crawler crane and a clamshell type dredge grab bucket are mounted, are used to perform trench dredging construction; the end of the suspension arm of the crawler crane is provided with a GPS navigation positioning device, the position data of the suspension arm is processed by a computer, and then the real-time geometric information of the dredging grab bucket in the dredging process can be output and displayed, wherein the real-time geometric information comprises a plane coordinate and the excavation depth.
4. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 1, wherein: in step S2, a construction for forming a riprap foundation bed and leveling the foundation bed is performed using a work barge on which a crawler crane, a multi-petal grab and a leveling plate are loaded, a flat bottom barge for transporting foundation bed stones, and a tugboat.
5. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 4, wherein: the forming and leveling construction process of the riprap foundation bed comprises the following steps: operating the crawler crane and the grab bucket to grab the rock blocks from the flat bottom barge by a constructor on the operation barge according to the instruction of a diver, descending the grab bucket to the bottom surface of the foundation trench, opening the grab bucket and synchronously pulling up the arm support of the crawler crane to ensure that the rock materials in the grab bucket are uniformly dumped in the foundation trench, and monitoring the formation condition of the rubble foundation bed in real time by the diver; after the riprap foundation bed is formed, a constructor on the operation barge operates the crawler crane descending leveling plate to tamp the riprap foundation bed so as to improve the flatness of the top surface of the riprap foundation bed.
6. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 1, wherein: and in the step S2, after the riprap foundation bed is leveled and is proved to meet the design requirements through underwater topography measurement, the anchor block caisson is placed and constructed through a large-scale floating crane and a lifting appliance.
7. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 6, wherein: the anchor block caisson is laid in the following steps: moving the floating crane to a designated position by using a tugboat, anchoring, connecting a caisson type anchor block with a lifting appliance, and lifting the caisson type anchor block to a height of 1m above the ground; before hoisting, a chain tying ring of the caisson type anchor block is connected with an anchor chain with the length of the first section being 30 m; the lifting appliance is provided with GPS navigation positioning equipment, and real-time coordinates of 4 angular points of the caisson type anchor block in the installation process can be obtained through relative position information of the lifting appliance and the 4 angular points of the caisson type anchor block which is input in advance; lifting the anchor by the floating crane, and dragging the floating crane to an anchor block installation area by a tug boat; and after the floating crane reaches the installation area, adjusting the ship position and the boom arm width of the floating crane to enable the coordinates of the 4 angular points of the anchor block to coincide with the design coordinates, then, lowering the anchor block to the top surface of the riprap foundation bed by the floating crane, and finally, lowering the anchor block to the riprap foundation bed.
8. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 1, wherein: in step S3, the construction of backfilling the crushed stones inside and outside the caisson is performed by a working barge on which a crawler crane, a multi-petal grab and a leveling plate are mounted, a flat bottom barge for transporting the crushed stones, and a tugboat.
9. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 8, wherein: the construction process of backfilling broken stones inside and outside the caisson comprises the following steps: a 1m diameter guide pipe is arranged on the side of the operation barge and used for controlling the throwing and filling range of the broken stones; moving the working barge and the flat-bottom barge to the designated positions through the tug boat, anchoring, operating the crawler crane and the grab bucket to grab the broken stones from the flat-bottom barge and pouring the broken stones into the guide pipe; after the backfilled gravel reaches the designed elevation, the operation barge and the flat bottom barge are anchored, and the ship is moved to the next designated position; and repeating the operations until the construction of backfilling the crushed stones inside and outside the caisson is completed.
10. A method of constructing a floating dock anchoring facility according to claim 1, wherein: in the step S4, a crane ship and a barge are adopted to lay a floating dock anchor chain; and connecting the laid mooring lines with the mooring lines on the chain links in step S2.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110311319.6A CN113186876A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Construction method of floating dock anchoring facility |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202110311319.6A CN113186876A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Construction method of floating dock anchoring facility |
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| CN113186876A true CN113186876A (en) | 2021-07-30 |
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| CN202110311319.6A Pending CN113186876A (en) | 2021-03-23 | 2021-03-23 | Construction method of floating dock anchoring facility |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN114215007A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-03-22 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Save caisson formula of building stones and keep off unrestrained structure |
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2021
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| CN102561379A (en) * | 2012-02-02 | 2012-07-11 | 中铁大桥局股份有限公司 | Novel bridge installation foundation and construction method thereof |
| CN106320344A (en) * | 2016-09-22 | 2017-01-11 | 中交航局第二工程有限公司 | Construction control method for dimension stone deepwater precise throwing and filling |
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| CN114215007A (en) * | 2022-01-14 | 2022-03-22 | 交通运输部天津水运工程科学研究所 | Save caisson formula of building stones and keep off unrestrained structure |
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