CN113186622A - Negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses an anion antibacterial warm-keeping fiber and a preparation method thereof, and is characterized in that: the polyester fiber core comprises a skin layer and a core layer, wherein the core layer comprises polyester and a light energy self-heating material, and the skin layer comprises polyamide and a sub-metal material germanium. The anion antibacterial warm-keeping fiber provided by the invention has the functions of releasing anions, resisting bacteria and keeping warm at the same time.

Description

Negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of fiber preparation, in particular to an anion antibacterial thermal fiber and a preparation method thereof.

Background

With the continuous pursuit of people to high-quality life and the improvement of the requirement on the quality of the textiles for clothes, functional textiles and clothes are deeply loved by people. At present, various kinds of clothes and textiles having antibacterial, flame retardant, and warming functions have been developed. However, these functional garments and textiles tend to be single-function, have poor hand and are uncomfortable to wear. The multifunctional clothes and textiles with the functions of antibiosis, warm keeping, air purification and the like are developed, and have wide market prospect.

The negative ion refers to an atomic group consisting of negative oxygen ions and water molecules, which are negatively charged in the air. The negative ions are called as 'air vitamins', and can not only purify air, resist bacteria and deodorize, but also stimulate the nervous system, promote blood circulation, improve the function of cardiac muscle, enhance the nutrition of cardiac muscle and cell metabolism and improve immunity. Germanium is a sub-metallic semiconductor material, has unique thermoelectric and piezoelectric properties, can release negative electrons under the condition of changing temperature and pressure, and the accumulated negative electrons can ionize peripheral oxygen molecules so as to generate a large amount of negative ions. Based on the thermoelectric and piezoelectric properties of germanium and the functions of purifying air and resisting bacteria of negative ions, germanium has wide application prospect in functional fibers, clothes, shoes and socks, home textile fabrics, carpets and textiles for medical and health care.

Disclosure of Invention

This section is for the purpose of summarizing some aspects of embodiments of the invention and to briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. In this section, as well as in the abstract and the title of the invention of this application, simplifications or omissions may be made to avoid obscuring the purpose of the section, the abstract and the title, and such simplifications or omissions are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

The invention is provided in view of the above and/or the problems existing in the existing anion warm-keeping antibacterial fiber products.

Therefore, one of the purposes of the invention is to provide the anion antibacterial warm-keeping fiber, which overcomes the defects of the existing anion warm-keeping antibacterial fiber product.

To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: an anion antibacterial thermal fiber is characterized in that: the polyester fiber core comprises a skin layer and a core layer, wherein the core layer comprises polyester and a light energy self-heating material, and the skin layer comprises polyamide and a sub-metal material germanium.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the light energy self-heating material comprises germanium carbide, tin oxide and antimony oxide.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: in the core layer, the mass ratio of the terylene to the luminous energy self-heating material is 95-99: 1-5.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: in the core layer, the mass ratio of the terylene to the luminous energy self-heating material is 97: 3.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass ratio of the chinlon to the germanium in the skin layer is 95-99: 1-5.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass ratio of the chinlon to the germanium in the skin layer is 97: 3.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the core layer also comprises a dispersing agent, and the mass of the dispersing agent is 1-4% of that of the light energy self-heating material.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 0.5-2% and 0.1-0.4% of the mass of the germanium.

As a preferred scheme of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber comprises the following components in percentage by weight: the mass of the dispersant and the antioxidant is 1 percent and 0.2 percent of the mass of the germanium respectively.

The invention also aims to provide a preparation method of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber.

To solve the above technical problem, according to an aspect of the present invention, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

as a preferred scheme of the preparation method of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber, the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:

preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing the polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with the luminous energy self-heating material and the dispersing agent, and melting and extruding the mixture by using a double-screw extruder to prepare core layer master batches;

preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: and mixing germanium powder, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant, and then carrying out in-situ polymerization on the mixture and caprolactam to prepare the cortical nylon functional slice.

Preparing and forming fibers: and respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, converging at a spinning nozzle outlet after the skin layer and the core layer are respectively extruded from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, and forming after cooling, drafting and winding.

The invention provides a fiber with negative ion release, antibacterial and heating performances, which absorbs visible light to raise temperature and heat through self-heating composite micro powder in a core layer, so that the overall temperature of the fiber is changed, and germanium materials of fiber cortex are promoted to generate negative ions, thereby achieving the effects of antibiosis and heat preservation. The balance among the anion release amount, the heat retention property and the fiber strength is realized by optimizing the components in the skin layer and the core layer, and the anion antibacterial heat retention fiber is prepared.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings based on these drawings without inventive exercise. Wherein:

fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber with the sheath-core structure disclosed by the invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic view of an axial cross-sectional structure of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber of the sheath-core structure disclosed by the invention.

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional structure view of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber of the sheath-core structure disclosed by the invention.

FIG. 4 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of the surface of the anion antibacterial thermal fiber with the sheath-core structure disclosed by the invention.

FIG. 5 is a scanning electron microscope photograph of a cross section of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber with the sheath-core structure disclosed by the invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make the aforementioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more comprehensible, specific embodiments thereof are described in detail below with reference to examples of the specification.

In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways than those specifically described and will be readily apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit of the present invention, and therefore the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

Furthermore, reference herein to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one implementation of the invention. The appearances of the phrase "in one embodiment" in various places in the specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment, nor are separate or alternative embodiments mutually exclusive of other embodiments.

Example 1

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 99 wt% to 1 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the cortex chinlon functional slice, wherein the mass ratio of chinlon to germanium powder is 97 wt% to 3 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 2

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 98 wt% to 2 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the cortex chinlon functional slice, wherein the mass ratio of chinlon to germanium powder is 97 wt% to 3 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 3

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 97 wt% to 3 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the cortex chinlon functional slice, wherein the mass ratio of chinlon to germanium powder is 97 wt% to 3 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 4

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 96 wt% to 4 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the cortex chinlon functional slice, wherein the mass ratio of chinlon to germanium powder is 97 wt% to 3 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 5

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 95 wt% to 5 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the nylon functional chip with the skin layer, wherein the mass ratio of nylon to germanium powder is 98 wt% to 2 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 6

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 95 wt% to 5 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the cortex chinlon functional slice, wherein the mass ratio of chinlon to germanium powder is 97 wt% to 3 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 7

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 95 wt% to 5 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the nylon functional chip with the skin layer, wherein the mass ratio of nylon to germanium powder is 96 wt% to 4 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 8

Preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with self-heating composite micro powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m according to the mass ratio of 95 wt% to 5 wt%, simultaneously adding a dispersing agent with the mass of 2% of the self-heating composite micro powder, melting and extruding the mixture by a double-screw extruder, and preparing the core layer master batch.

Preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: germanium powder with the particle size of 0.02 mu m, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant are mixed and then subjected to in-situ polymerization with caprolactam to prepare the nylon functional chip with the skin layer, wherein the mass ratio of nylon to germanium powder is 95 wt% to 5 wt%, and the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 1% and 0.2% of the mass of germanium.

Preparing and forming fibers: respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, respectively extruding the skin layer and the core layer from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, converging at an outlet of a spinneret orifice, cooling, drafting and winding to form, wherein the mass ratio of the polyester in the added core layer master batch to the chinlon in the skin layer chinlon functional slice is 70 wt% to 30 wt%.

Example 9

The fibers prepared in examples 1 to 8 were subjected to a mechanical tensile property test, and the measured data are recorded in table 1, and the tensile property test method refers to GB T14344-:

TABLE 1 mechanical Properties of the fibers obtained in examples 1 to 8

Example number	Breaking strength (cN/dtex)	Elongation at Break (CV/%)
			1	3.12	16.21％
2	2.89	15.19％
			3	2.84	14.78％
4	2.71	14.37％
			5	2.57	13.89％
6	2.45	13.69％
			7	2.32	12.89％
8	2.11	12.48％

As can be seen from Table 1, the fibers produced in example 1 exhibited the greatest breaking strength and the best data on the rate of growth at break; among the fibers obtained in examples 5 to 8, the fiber obtained in example 5 had the highest breaking strength and the best data on the breaking growth rate.

Example 10

The fibers prepared in examples 1 to 8 were subjected to a negative ion release amount test, and the obtained data are shown in tables 2 and 3, and the method for measuring the negative ion release amount is as follows: (1) the method comprises the steps of taking 10g of fibers, placing the fibers in a closed box with adjustable temperature, measuring the concentration of negative ions in the box by adopting a WST-08 type air negative oxygen ion detector by adjusting the temperature in the box under the condition of not applying pressure, starting recording after the numerical value is stable, and carrying out three times of tests to obtain the data in the table 2. (2) The method comprises the steps of taking 10g of fibers, placing the fibers in a closed box capable of applying longitudinal pressure at 20 ℃, measuring the concentration of negative ions in the box by adopting a WST-08 type air negative oxygen ion detector by adjusting the pressure applied to the fibers longitudinally by the box under the condition of not changing the temperature, starting recording after the numerical value is stable, and carrying out three times of tests to obtain the data in the table 3 by averaging.

Table 2 fibers obtained in examples 1 to 8 release negative ions in different temperature environments

TABLE 3 fibers prepared in examples 1 to 8 release negative ions at different pressures

As can be seen from tables 2 and 3, the fiber prepared in example 8 of our invention has the strongest anion releasing ability, and example 4 of example 14 has the strongest anion releasing ability

The fibers prepared in examples 1 to 8 were subjected to a heat generation value test, and the measured data are recorded in tables 4 and 5, and the heat generation value was measured as follows: (1) the method comprises the steps of taking 10g of fibers, placing the fibers in a closed box with adjustable temperature, measuring the concentration of negative ions in the box by adopting a WST-08 type air negative oxygen ion detector by adjusting the temperature in the box under the condition of not applying pressure, measuring the surface temperature of the fibers by adopting an infrared thermometer after the numerical value of the negative ions is stable, and measuring the average value for three times to obtain the data in the table 4. (2) The method comprises the steps of taking 10g of fibers, placing the fibers in a closed box capable of applying longitudinal pressure at 20 ℃, measuring the concentration of negative ions in the box by adopting a WST-08 type air negative oxygen ion detector by adjusting the pressure applied to the fibers by the box in the longitudinal direction under the condition of not changing the temperature, measuring the surface temperature of the fibers by adopting an infrared thermometer after the numerical value of the negative ions is stable, and carrying out three times of tests to obtain the data in the table 5.

TABLE 4 Heat generation Properties of fibers obtained in examples 1 to 8 in different temperature environments

TABLE 5 Heat generating Properties of the fibers obtained in examples 1 to 8 in different pressure environments

As can be seen from tables 4 and 5, the fibers obtained in examples 5 to 8 of examples 1 to 8 have equivalent heat generating properties, while the fibers obtained in example 4 of examples 1 to 4 have the best heat generating properties, and the fibers obtained in examples 1 to 4 have inferior heat generating properties to those of examples 5 to 8.

The fibers prepared in examples 1 to 8 were subjected to 24-hour antibacterial performance test by a Shake Flask method (Shake flash), and the measured data are recorded in Table 6.

TABLE 6 antibacterial property of fiber prepared in examples 1-8 for 24h against Staphylococcus aureus

	Example 1	Example 2	Example 3	Example 4	Example 5	Example 6	Example 7	Example 8
									The sterilization rate%	91.8	92.4	92.9	93.5	91.3	93.9	95.6	97.8

As can be seen from Table 6, the fibers obtained in example 8 have the best antibacterial properties, and the fibers obtained in examples 1 to 4 have the best antibacterial properties in example 4.

From tables 1 to 6, when the content of the terylene in the core layer is increased, the fracture strength and the fracture growth rate are increased, the mechanical property of the fiber is enhanced, and with the increase of the content of the self-heating composite particles in the fiber raw material, the self-heating composite particles in the core layer absorb visible light to heat up and emit heat, so that the capability of changing the overall temperature of the fiber is enhanced, and meanwhile, the increase of negative ions generated by a germanium material of a fiber skin layer can be promoted, and the antibacterial property of the fiber is enhanced. Therefore, the amount of the germanium powder in the skin layer is increased, the negative ion release amount and the antibacterial performance of the fiber can be obviously improved, and the values of the breaking strength and the breaking elongation rate can be reduced. Increasing the external temperature and pressure both help to cause the fibers to release more negative ions.

According to the figures 1, 2 and 3, the prepared fiber is the negative ion antibacterial warm-keeping fiber and comprises a skin layer and a core layer, the spontaneous heating composite micro powder arranged in the core layer absorbs visible light to heat up and heat, the overall temperature of the fiber is changed, and the germanium material of the skin layer of the fiber is promoted to generate negative ions, so that the antibacterial warm-keeping effect is achieved. The balance among the anion release amount, the heat retention property and the fiber strength is realized by optimizing the components in the skin layer and the core layer, and the anion heat retention fiber is prepared.

It should be noted that the above-mentioned embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that modifications or equivalent substitutions may be made on the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1. An anion antibacterial thermal fiber is characterized in that: the polyester fiber core comprises a skin layer and a core layer, wherein the core layer comprises polyester and a light energy self-heating material, and the skin layer comprises polyamide and a sub-metal material germanium.

2. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the luminous energy self-heating material comprises germanium carbide, tin oxide and antimony oxide.

3. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the core layer, the mass ratio of the terylene to the luminous energy self-heating material is 95-99: 1-5.

4. The negative-ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 1 or 3, characterized in that: in the core layer, the mass ratio of the terylene to the luminous energy self-heating material is 97: 3.

5. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the chinlon to the germanium in the skin layer is 95-99: 1-5.

6. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that: the mass ratio of the chinlon to the germanium in the skin layer is 97: 3.

7. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 1, characterized in that: the core layer also comprises a dispersing agent, and the mass of the dispersing agent is 1-4% of that of the light energy self-heating material.

8. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 7, characterized in that: the mass of the dispersing agent and the mass of the antioxidant are respectively 0.5-2% and 0.1-0.4% of the mass of the germanium.

9. The negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claim 8, characterized in that: the mass of the dispersant and the antioxidant is respectively 1 percent and 0.2 percent of the mass of the germanium.

10. The preparation method of the negative ion antibacterial thermal fiber according to claims 1 to 9, which is characterized by comprising the following steps: the preparation method comprises the following preparation steps:

preparing core layer master batch: drying and pre-crystallizing the polyester chips, uniformly mixing the polyester chips with the luminous energy self-heating material and the dispersing agent, and melting and extruding the mixture by using a double-screw extruder to prepare core layer master batches;

preparing a functional skin chinlon slice: and mixing germanium powder, a dispersing agent and an antioxidant, and then carrying out in-situ polymerization on the mixture and caprolactam to prepare the cortical nylon functional slice.

Preparing and forming fibers: and respectively adding the prepared core layer master batch and the prepared skin layer chinlon functional slice into a skin-core composite melt spinning machine, converging at a spinning nozzle outlet after the skin layer and the core layer are respectively extruded from a skin layer and a core layer spinning channel of a composite spinneret plate, and forming after cooling, drafting and winding.

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