CN113186556A - Modularized air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group and cathode preparation method - Google Patents

Modularized air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group and cathode preparation method Download PDF

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CN113186556A
CN113186556A CN202110443888.6A CN202110443888A CN113186556A CN 113186556 A CN113186556 A CN 113186556A CN 202110443888 A CN202110443888 A CN 202110443888A CN 113186556 A CN113186556 A CN 113186556A
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CN113186556B (en
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李楠
安敬昆
王鑫
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Tianjin University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a modularized air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group, which mainly comprises an air self-diffusion cathode and an anode plate, wherein the air self-diffusion cathode is of a three-dimensional cylindrical structure, the air self-diffusion cathode is not required to be fixed on the side wall of a cubic reactor and placed in an electrolytic cell, the plug-and-play and the pull-and-stop are realized, and the H is realized2O2The modular system of production is constructed. Also discloses a preparation method of the novel modular air self-diffusion cathode. The unit area load capacity of the catalyst layer is further optimized to adapt to H under high current2O2Synthesizing; the diffusion layer is upgraded and replaced, so that the occurrence of a flooding condition in the long-term operation process is avoided; the cathode and anode electrode groups are prepared and integrated into a modular form, so that the assembly and disassembly can be conveniently carried out,the operation effect of convenient plugging is realized.

Description

Modularized air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group and cathode preparation method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electrochemical catalytic synthesis, in particular to a modular air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group and a cathode preparation methodUsed 'conveniently-plugged' electrode and H synthesis thereof in high efficiency and convenience2O2The use of (1).
Background
Hydrogen peroxide (H)2O2) As a multifunctional oxidant, the multifunctional oxidant can be used independently or in combination with other reagents, and is widely applied to disinfection emergency treatment, semiconductor cleaning, pulp and textile bleaching, chemical synthesis and wastewater treatment. Especially in the environmental field, H2O2Is widely used in many Advanced Oxidation Processes (AOPs), such as H2O2/UV、H2O2/Fe2+、H2O2/O3And the like. In these on the basis of H2O2In the advanced oxidation process of (2), H2O2Can generate strong oxidant hydroxyl free radical (OH, E degree) (. OH/H) in situ2O) ═ 2.80V/SHE), then at 106-1010M-1s-1Is used to non-selectively oxidize various pollutants. Furthermore, OH self-quenching shortens its lifetime in water to a few nanoseconds without any harm to the processing system. AOPs have been applied to the degradation of various pollutants such as antibiotics, herbicides, pesticides, endocrine disruptors, medical products, wastewater organic matters and the like, and show the potential in the aspect of water treatment.
At present, H2O2The main commercial synthesis method is the anthraquinone oxidation method, which is high in cost, heavy in pollution and toxic to the environment. In addition, H required in advanced Oxidation systems2O2Concentrations below 0.1% are common. H synthesized by anthraquinone process2O2The raw solution causes huge waste in material and energy through the concentration-transportation-dilution processes, so that the in-situ synthesis of H is urgently needed to be searched and developed2O2The technique of (3) is used in AOPs processes. Recently, oxygen is reduced to H via a two-electron pathway by electrochemical catalytic synthesis2O2Gradually receives attention from people. Using relatively cheap carbon-based material (such as graphite, activated carbon, carbon nano tube and the like) as a cathode, constructing a two-electrode or three-electrode system, and catalytically synthesizing oxygen into H at the cathode2O2。
At present, in an electrochemical catalytic system, cathodes are divided into two categories, one is an aeration type cathode which is mostly of a fluffy 3D structure and is used for catalytic synthesis of H2O2The place is completely immersed in the electrolyte, air or pure oxygen is continuously blown into the electrolyte from the outside, and the dissolved oxygen is diffused into the interior of the motor to be catalyzed and synthesized into H2O2(ii) a The other is a gas diffusion electrode which is in a sheet shape, one side of the catalytic layer is used as a reaction site and faces to the electrolyte, the other side of the catalytic layer is used as a gas diffusion layer to prevent the electrolyte from seeping out and allow pressurized gas to forcibly pass through, and oxygen enters reaction sites inside the sheet. The high-efficiency synthesis of H can be realized by constructing a gas-liquid-solid three-phase reaction interface2O2。
The subject group developed a novel roll-press type sandwich air self-diffusion cathode in 2016, which consists of a catalyst layer, a current collector and a diffusion layer, wherein the catalyst layer is a graphite-carbon black-polytetrafluoroethylene mixed catalyst, the current collector is 304 stainless steel mesh, and the diffusion layer is carbon black-polytetrafluoroethylene hydrophobic material. The invention has been granted, and the innovation point is that the self-diffusion electrode is constructed without aeration or pressurization, and reactant oxygen almost completely comes from free diffusion of oxygen in air. Thus greatly reducing the complexity of the system in the construction of the synthesis system. But in the course of further research we have found that the following drawbacks need to be solved: 1) due to H under large current2O2Diffusion in time causes it to be further reduced to H2O, greatly reduces electrode catalysis H2O2The efficiency of (c); 2) in the long-term operation process, because the catalyst layer, the current collector and the diffusion layer are not tightly pressed in the preparation process, the electrolyte accumulation phenomenon in the middle of the catalyst layer and the diffusion layer can occur on part of the electrodes, and the oxygen diffusion is hindered to influence the catalytic performance of the electrodes; 3) the electrodes are fixed on the side wall of the reactor, which brings certain trouble to the design and assembly of the reactor. In conclusion, electrodes meeting the requirements of new stages need to be developed and prepared.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problem that the existing electrode exists in the actual operationThe above problems, the air self-diffusion electrode is updated completely: the unit area load capacity of the catalyst layer is further optimized to adapt to H under high current2O2Synthesizing; the diffusion layer is upgraded and replaced, so that the occurrence of a flooding condition in the long-term operation process is avoided; the cathode and anode electrode groups are prepared and integrated into a modular form, so that the assembly and disassembly are convenient, and the use effect of plugging and unplugging is realized.
The purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme: the modularized air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group mainly comprises an air self-diffusion cathode and an anode plate, wherein the air self-diffusion cathode is of a three-dimensional cylindrical structure, and the air self-diffusion cathode is placed in an electrolytic cell to realize plug and play, namely, stop when being pulled out, so as to realize H catalysis2O2The modular system of production is constructed.
Furthermore, the anode plate selects titanium iridium as an anode oxygen evolution reaction material.
Furthermore, the electrode group is formed by integrating organic glass templates, and the bottom of the air self-diffusion cathode is provided with a clamping groove matched with the air self-diffusion cathode; and a slot for placing the anode plate is arranged around the side surface of the air self-diffusion cathode.
Furthermore, a telescopic support is arranged at the bottom of the organic glass template and is used for adjusting the relative relation between the electrode and the water surface according to the height of the water level in the electrolytic bath.
Further, the slot is 0.8cm away from the air self-diffusion cathode.
The second technical scheme of the invention is a preparation method of the novel modularized air self-diffusion cathode, which comprises the following steps: the cathode consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating;
the preparation method of the cathode comprises the following steps:
1) optimization of catalyst loading per unit area of the catalyst layer:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning and drying powdered graphite and powdered conductive carbon black in deionized water, mixing the powdered graphite and the powdered conductive carbon black with absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically stirring the mixture to fully disperse and dissolve the mixed carbon powder in the absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion under the condition of ultrasonic stirring, and ultrasonically stirring the mixture to obtain a mixture;
(2) stirring the mixture under the water bath condition, and continuously rolling on a rolling machine until the mixture is pressed into a sheet to prepare a catalyst layer;
(3) rolling the catalytic layer and the stainless steel net on a rolling machine to enable the catalytic layer to be fully embedded into the stainless steel net;
2) replacement and upgrade of diffusion layer materials:
spraying the nano hydrophobic spray on the other side of the stainless steel net, and airing in the air;
3) and (3) improving and upgrading the electrode appearance:
rolling the rolled electrode plate into a cylinder, wherein one surface of the catalyst layer faces to the outside, one side of the diffusion layer faces to the inside, the side surface is tightly sealed, and the bottom is sealed and fixed on the support;
4) integration of cathode and anode electrode sets:
after the air self-diffusion cathode is rolled into a cylinder shape and fixed on an organic glass template, a clamping groove is formed on the support around the cathode and outside the cathode for inserting a titanium iridium electrode plate, and the cathode and the anode are integrated on one template.
Further, the concentration of the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 1.5g/mL, and the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the conductive carbon black is 7: 1-3: 1.
Further, the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 5-1: 8, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1-6: 1.71.
further, the thickness of the catalyst layer and the stainless steel net is 0.4 +/-0.03 mm, and the catalyst loading is 30-70mg/cm2。
Furthermore, the load capacity of the diffusion layer is adjusted within the range of 0-1.3mg/cm2。
Advantageous effects
Compared with the prior electrode, the electrode has the following advantages and effects:
1. the catalytic efficiency of the electrode under high current density is obviously improved, and the small electrode (7 cm) is used for verification2) Optimized to 40mg/cm2The catalytic layer has the best performance, and the performance is 30mA/cm2H at (210mA)2O2The yield reached 105mg/h and the current efficiency was 80% (as shown in FIG. 3).
2. After the diffusion layer of the electrode is upgraded, the phenomenon of flooding is avoided. Meanwhile, the preparation process is simplified, the working hour of electrode preparation is shortened by half, the cost of the diffusion layer is reduced by 62 percent, and the comprehensive material cost of the electrode is reduced to 2.05 mm/dm2(as shown in table 1).
3. The preparation area of the electrode reaches 240cm after the electrode is amplified and the appearance is upgraded2Wherein the maximum effective area can reach 225cm2As the volume of the electrolyte in the electrolytic cell increases and decreases, the water level changes correspondingly, and the effective area of the electrode changes accordingly. The effective area of the electrode after 2L of electrolyte is added is about 120cm2. Under magnetic stirring at 900rpm, a current of 3.6A (current density 30 mA/cm) was applied2) The after-production rate can reach 1420mg/h, and the current efficiency reaches 62 percent (as shown in figure 4).
4. Electrocatalytic synthesis of H2O2In the process, aeration and pressurized gas are not needed, so that the complexity of the structure and the operation of the reactor is reduced.
5. Because the electrode does not need to be fixed on the side wall of the reactor, the electrode can be directly put into the electrolytic cell, and the electrode is convenient to install, disassemble and replace. The construction of a modular reaction system is really realized by 'plug and play' and 'stop at any time of use'.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a process for preparing a novel modular electrode.
Fig. 2 is a flow chart of the preparation of the modular electrode catalyst layer.
FIG. 3H at different catalyst loadings2O2Yield versus data plot.
FIG. 4 shows the rotation speed H of magnetic stirring at different times after the electrode amplification2O2Experimental data for yield.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples and the accompanying drawings.
Example 1
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, wherein the preparation flow of a catalytic layer of a modular electrode is shown in figure 2; the novel modular cylindrical air self-diffusion cathode consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel net and a hydrophobic nano coating, and as shown in figure 1, the novel modular cylindrical air self-diffusion cathode specifically comprises the following steps:
optimization of catalyst loading per unit area of catalyst layer
1) Ultrasonically cleaning powdered graphite (model HTF0325, particle size of 40 μm, purity of more than 99.9%) and powdered conductive carbon black (model Vulcan XC-72R, particle size of 30nm) in deionized water, drying, mixing with absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically stirring for 10min to fully disperse and dissolve the mixed carbon powder in the absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion under the condition of ultrasonic stirring, and ultrasonically stirring for 10 min;
2) stirring the mixed substance in 80 deg.C water bath for 30min, continuously rolling on a roller press until pressing into sheet to obtain catalyst layer;
3) the catalytic layer was rolled with a 60 mesh stainless steel mesh on a roller press to allow the catalytic layer to fully embed into the stainless steel mesh.
The concentration of the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion was 1.5 g/mL.
The mass ratio of the graphite powder to the conductive carbon black is 5:1
The mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:6, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.71.
The thickness of the catalytic layer and the stainless steel net is about 0.4 +/-0.03 mm. The loading capacity of the catalyst is 30-70mg/cm2。
Replacement upgrade of diffusion layer materials
A commercially available nano hydrophobic spray (super, china) was sprayed on the other side of the stainless steel mesh and air dried for about 10 min. The loading of the hydrophobic spray was about 0.7mg/cm2
Improved upgrading of electrode topography
The rolled electrode sheet (about 15X 16cm) was rolled into a cylindrical shape with one side of the catalyst layer facing outward and one side of the diffusion layer facing inward, and the sides were sealed with a clip to prevent water leakage. The bottom is sealed and fixed on the organic glass bracket.
Integration of cathode and anode electrode sets
After the air self-diffusion cathode is rolled into a cylinder shape and fixed on an organic glass bracket, three strip-shaped clamping grooves for inserting titanium iridium electrode plates (10 multiplied by 3 multiplied by 0.3cm) are arranged on the bracket around the cathode and at a position which is about 0.8cm away from the outer side of the cathode. The cathode and anode are integrated into a holder.
Experimental stage
In the catalyst layer unit area catalyst loading optimization stage and the diffusion layer loading optimization stage, the electrode is cut into a circle with the diameter of 3cm, and the circle is filled into a cubic reactor with the volume of 120mL for electrochemical characterization test and H2O2And (5) testing the yield. The electrochemical test is carried out in a three-electrode system, the working electrode is a novel self-diffusion cathode, the reference electrode is a saturated Ag/AgCl electrode, and the counter electrode is Ti/IrO2An electrode sheet. The electrode is tested by a linear sweep voltammetry method, an alternating current impedance test method, a cyclic voltammetry scanning method and a chronoamperometry method. H2O2The yield test adopts a double-electrode constant current method. The productivity of the electrode per unit time was measured. After the cathode and the anode of the amplified electrode are integrated, the electrode group is put into an electrolytic cell filled with 2L of electrolyte for an electrolysis experiment.
For the optimization experiment of the catalyst loading amount per unit area of the catalyst layer, the steps are as follows:
the loading capacity of the catalyst per unit area is adjusted by adjusting the distance between the rollers of the roller press. Five gradients are set: 30,40,50,60,70mg/cm2. During validation of optimized catalytic layer catalyst loading, the catalytic layer backside was typically coated with no hydrophobic coating. Measured by electrochemistry and constant current H2O2The optimum loading was determined after the yield test.
For the optimization experiment of upgrading the diffusion layer into the nano hydrophobic coating and the loading capacity, the steps are as follows:
the load capacity of the diffusion layer is adjusted by adjusting the spraying time and the spraying times of the nano hydrophobic coating. Wherein six gradients are set as: 0,0.5,0.7,0.9,1.1,1.3mg/cm2. During the period of optimizing the loading of the hydrophobic coating, the catalytic layer is uniformly selected from 40mg/cm2. Passing through a constant current H2O2The optimum loading was determined after the yield test.
TABLE 1 Material cost accounting for air self-diffusion cathodes
Figure BDA0003036151150000061
Example 2
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating, and the specific steps are the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black in the optimization of the catalyst loading capacity per unit area of the catalyst layer in the step 1) is 4: 1; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:8, the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6:1.71,
catalyst loading 30mg/cm2；
Step 2) loading capacity of 1.3mg/cm in replacement and upgrade of diffusion layer material2。
Example 3
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating, and the specific steps are the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black in the optimization of the catalyst loading capacity per unit area of the catalyst layer in the step 1) is 3: 1; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:5, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1; catalyst loading 70mg/cm2；
Step 2) loading capacity of 1.3mg/cm in replacement and upgrade of diffusion layer material2。
Example 4
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which comprises an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating layer groupThe specific steps are the same as example 1, except that in the step 1), the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black is 6:1 in the optimization of the catalyst loading amount per unit area of the catalyst layer; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:7, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.5; catalyst loading 40mg/cm2；
Step 2) loading capacity of 1.1mg/cm in replacement and upgrade of diffusion layer material2。
Example 5
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating, and the specific steps are the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black in the optimization of the catalyst loading capacity per unit area of the catalyst layer in the step 1) is 7: 1; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:5, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.6; catalyst loading 50mg/cm2；
Step 2) the loading capacity in the replacement and upgrade of the diffusion layer material is 0.9mg/cm2。
Example 6
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating, and the specific steps are the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black in the optimization of the catalyst loading capacity per unit area of the catalyst layer in the step 1) is 5: 1; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:7, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.5; catalyst loading 60mg/cm2；
Step 2) the loading capacity in the replacement and upgrade of the diffusion layer material is 0.7mg/cm2。
Example 7
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which comprises an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and hydrophobic nano-scaleThe coating composition is the same as that in example 1 except that in the step 1), the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black is 5:1 in the optimization of the catalyst loading amount per unit area of the catalyst layer; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:6, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.65; catalyst loading 60mg/cm2；
Step 2) loading capacity of 1.3mg/cm in replacement and upgrade of diffusion layer material2。
Example 8
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating, and the specific steps are the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black in the optimization of the catalyst loading capacity per unit area of the catalyst layer in the step 1) is 5: 1; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:6, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.65; catalyst loading 70mg/cm2；
Step 2) the loading capacity in the replacement and upgrade of the diffusion layer material is 0.05mg/cm2。
Example 9
The invention provides a preparation method of a novel modular air self-diffusion cathode, which consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating, and the specific steps are the same as example 1, except that the mass ratio of graphite powder to conductive carbon black in the optimization of the catalyst loading capacity per unit area of the catalyst layer in the step 1) is 4: 1; the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1:6, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1.65; catalyst loading 40mg/cm2；
Step 2) the loading capacity in the replacement and upgrade of the diffusion layer material is 0.01mg/cm2。
FIG. 3 shows H at different catalyst loadings2O2Yield versus data plot.
FIG. 4 shows the values of H at different magnetic stirring speeds after electrode amplification2O2Examination of the yieldAnd (6) verifying a data graph.

Claims (10)

1. The modularized air self-diffusion cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode group is mainly composed of an air self-diffusion cathode and an anode plate, and is characterized in that: the air self-diffusion cathode is of a three-dimensional cylinder structure, is placed in the electrolytic cell, is capable of being used immediately after being plugged and stopped immediately after being plugged, and realizes H catalysis2O2The modular system of production is constructed.
2. The modular air self-diffusing cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode set of claim 1, wherein: the anode plate is made of titanium iridium serving as an anode oxygen evolution reaction material.
3. The modular air self-diffusing cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode set of claim 1, wherein: the electrode group is formed by integrating organic glass templates, and the bottom of the air self-diffusion cathode is provided with a clamping groove matched with the air self-diffusion cathode; and a slot for placing the anode plate is arranged around the side surface of the air self-diffusion cathode.
4. The modular air self-diffusing cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode set of claim 3, wherein: the bottom of the organic glass template is provided with a telescopic bracket which is used for adjusting the relative relation between the electrode and the water surface according to the height of the water level in the electrolytic bath.
5. The modular air self-diffusing cathode-titanium iridium anode electrode set of claim 3, wherein: the slot is 0.8cm away from the air self-diffusion cathode.
6. The preparation method of the novel modularized air self-diffusion cathode is characterized by comprising the following steps of: the cathode consists of an optimized catalyst layer, a stainless steel mesh and a hydrophobic nano coating;
the preparation method of the cathode comprises the following steps:
1) optimization of catalyst loading per unit area of the catalyst layer:
(1) ultrasonically cleaning and drying powdered graphite and powdered conductive carbon black in deionized water, mixing the powdered graphite and the powdered conductive carbon black with absolute ethyl alcohol, ultrasonically stirring the mixture to fully disperse and dissolve the mixed carbon powder in the absolute ethyl alcohol, dropwise adding polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion under the condition of ultrasonic stirring, and ultrasonically stirring the mixture to obtain a mixture;
(2) stirring the mixture under the water bath condition, and continuously rolling on a rolling machine until the mixture is pressed into a sheet to prepare a catalyst layer;
(3) rolling the catalytic layer and the stainless steel net on a rolling machine to enable the catalytic layer to be fully embedded into the stainless steel net;
2) replacement and upgrade of diffusion layer materials:
spraying the nano hydrophobic spray on the other side of the stainless steel net, and airing in the air;
3) and (3) improving and upgrading the electrode appearance:
rolling the rolled electrode plate into a cylinder, wherein one surface of the catalyst layer faces to the outside, one side of the diffusion layer faces to the inside, the side surface is tightly sealed, and the bottom is sealed and fixed on the support;
4) integration of cathode and anode electrode sets:
after the air self-diffusion cathode is rolled into a cylinder shape and fixed on an organic glass template, a clamping groove is formed on the support around the cathode and outside the cathode for inserting a titanium iridium electrode plate, and the cathode and the anode are integrated on one template.
7. The method of claim 6, wherein: the concentration of the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 1.5g/mL, and the mass ratio of the graphite powder to the conductive carbon black is 7: 1-3: 1.
8. The method of claim 6, wherein: the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the absolute ethyl alcohol is 1: 5-1: 8, and the mass ratio of the mixed carbon powder to the polytetrafluoroethylene emulsion is 6: 1-6: 1.71.
9. the method of claim 6, wherein: the thickness of the catalyst layer and the stainless steel net is 0.4 plus or minus 0.03mm, and the catalyst loading is 30-70mg/cm2。
10. The method of claim 6, wherein: the load capacity of the diffusion layer is adjusted within the range of 0-1.3mg/cm2。
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CN105696018A (en) * 2016-01-18 2016-06-22 天津大学 Preparation and application of graphite-carbon black mixed air diffusion cathode
CN111979562A (en) * 2020-08-18 2020-11-24 天津大学 Plug-in capsule cathode and expandable efficient synthesis H2O2Reactor device
CN112366324A (en) * 2021-01-14 2021-02-12 浙江师范大学 Electrically chargeable air electrode with multi-layer functional structure and durable and stable structure and manufacturing method thereof

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