CN113185798A

CN113185798A - Anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interior

Info

Publication number: CN113185798A
Application number: CN202110431682.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢辉; 黄卫; 邱卫杰
Original assignee: Nantong Jinchi Plastic Co ltd
Current assignee: Nantong Jinchi Plastic Co ltd
Priority date: 2021-04-21
Filing date: 2021-04-21
Publication date: 2021-07-30

Abstract

The application relates to an anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors, which is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 portions of ABS-containing material 250 portions, 20 portions to 50 portions of mixed filling material, 5 portions to 10 portions of adsorbent, 1 portion to 3 portions of dispersant, 0.8 portion to 3.5 portions of matte auxiliary agent, 6 portions to 12 portions of antioxidant and 6 portions to 12 portions of ultraviolet resistant agent; the raw materials also comprise 20-50 parts of ASA by weight; the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1 (0.1-0.3); the adsorbent comprises silicate minerals and active carbon in a mass ratio of 1 (0.3-0.8); the anti-ultraviolet agent comprises nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 1 (0.5-1.5). The matte ABS plastic for the automotive interior has the advantages of ageing resistance and low odor volatility.

Description

Anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interior

Technical Field

The application relates to the technical field of matte ABS plastic preparation, in particular to an anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors.

Background

The automotive interior relates to various parts in an automobile, and comprises interior trim products such as a glove box, an automobile seat back plate, an automobile mosaic plate, an automobile side plate, a stand column guard plate, a door plate, an automobile auxiliary instrument panel and the like. The automobile interior material is required to have better matte property, so that the reflection property of the automobile interior material can be controlled, and the visual influence and visual fatigue of the interior material on a driver due to the reflected light are reduced.

The current commonly used automotive interior plastic is ABS engineering plastic, ABS is acrylonitrile-styrene-butadiene copolymer, and is a thermoplastic high polymer material with high strength, good toughness and easy processing and molding. Although the ABS material has good appearance and mechanical property, the ABS contains butadiene rubber with unsaturated double bonds, and the unsaturated double bonds are easily opened after the ABS is subjected to high-intensity illumination for a long time, so that the aging resistance of the ABS is reduced. Meanwhile, the automotive interior is in a relatively closed space for a long time, and small molecular organic matters in the plastic are more easily transferred to the surface of the plastic and volatilized after long-term illumination, so that health hazards are caused to drivers and passengers.

In view of the above-mentioned related art, the inventors of the present invention have considered that there is a need for improving the aging resistance and low-volatility environmental protection properties of ABS plastics for automobile interiors.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the aging resistance and the low-volatility environmental protection performance of the ABS plastic, the application provides the matte ABS plastic for the aging resistance and low-volatility automotive interior.

The anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for the automotive interior adopts the following technical scheme: an anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100-250 parts of ABS, 20-50 parts of mixed filler, 5-10 parts of adsorbent, 1-3 parts of dispersant, 0.8-3.5 parts of matte auxiliary agent, 6-12 parts of antioxidant and 6-12 parts of anti-ultraviolet agent.

By adopting the technical scheme, the mixed filler is added into the ABS formula, and the particles of the filler and the plastic particles form a material system which is mutually dispersed and mixed, so that the impact strength of the plastic can be obviously improved through the rigidity of the filler particles. The adsorbent can effectively adsorb and remove volatile organic compounds in a plastic system, and obviously reduce the release of volatile substances of the plastic in an automobile. The matte auxiliary agent can perform an extinction effect on the surface of the plastic, so that the surface of the automotive interior trim part after the plastic is molded can generate a matte effect. Antioxidants act to retard the progress of oxidation of plastic molecules, primarily by decomposing peroxides produced by the plastic during oxidation and converting the peroxides into stable inactive products. The ultraviolet resistant agent can reduce the possibility of photochemical reaction of light to ABS plastic molecule radiation mainly by absorbing or shielding light radiation, thereby playing the effect of delaying the aging process of plastic molecules.

Optionally, the raw material further comprises 20-50 parts by weight of ASA.

By adopting the technical scheme, the ASA is a terpolymer consisting of acrylonitrile, styrene and acrylic rubber, not only has excellent mechanical and physical properties of ABS as engineering plastic, but also greatly improves the overall ultraviolet degradation resistance and aging resistance of the plastic because ASA molecules do not contain unsaturated double-construction. By adding part of ASA in the formula, the overall mechanical property and the light aging resistance of the ABS plastic can be further improved.

Optionally, the raw materials also comprise 1-4 parts by weight of an antistatic agent.

By adopting the technical scheme, the antistatic effect of the plastic can be improved by adding the antistatic agent, so that the probability of dust adsorption on the surface of the automotive interior part is obviously reduced, and the self-cleaning property of the material is improved.

Optionally, the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1 (0.1-0.3).

By adopting the technical scheme, the talcum powder has excellent physical and chemical properties such as good lubricity, viscosity resistance, flow aiding property, high melting point and good chemical stability, the dispersion uniformity of the mixed material can be improved, and the mesoporous silica has high activity and specific surface area and can firmly adsorb and fix the talcum powder in a porous structure, so that the toughness and heat-resistant stability of an ABS plastic mixed system can be improved.

Optionally, the particle size of the mesoporous silica is 30-60 nm.

By adopting the technical scheme, under the dispersion and mixing of the mesoporous silica with the particle size range, the mixing and dispersion uniformity of the talcum powder and the mesoporous silica is better, and the toughness and the heat-resistant stability of an ABS plastic mixing system are further improved.

Optionally, the adsorbent comprises silicate minerals and activated carbon in a mass ratio of 1 (0.3-0.8).

By adopting the technical scheme, the silicate and the active carbon both have porous structures, and the silicate and the active carbon are added into the formula, so that volatile organic compounds in the plastic can be effectively adsorbed, and the release of the volatile organic compounds is reduced. The silicate and the mesoporous silica have good dispersion and mixing properties, thereby being beneficial to promoting the dispersion and mixing properties of the activated carbon. The activated carbon also has excellent antibacterial performance, and the antibacterial performance of the ABS material can be improved when the activated carbon is added into the formula, so that the sanitation and safety of the automotive interior trim part can be further improved.

Optionally, the silicate mineral is ultrafine mica powder.

By adopting the technical scheme, the superfine mica powder belongs to phyllosilicate mineral powder, has low hardness and good smoothness, can be uniformly mixed with mesoporous silica and tightly combined with the mesoporous silica, and simultaneously has better extinction effect, so that the matte effect on the surface of the ABS plastic molded part can be further improved.

Optionally, the particle size of the activated carbon is 20-50 nm.

By adopting the technical scheme, under the dispersion and mixing of the activated carbon with the particle size range, the mixing and dispersion uniformity among the activated carbon, the talcum powder and the mesoporous silica is better, and the adsorption stability and the antibacterial effect of an ABS plastic mixing system are further improved.

Optionally, the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetrakis [ methyl- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ].

By adopting the technical scheme, the tetra [ methyl- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionic acid ] pentaerythritol ester is a high-molecular hindered phenol antioxidant, has low volatility, is not easy to migrate, has good extraction resistance and high thermal stability, and can play a role in efficiently and durably resisting oxidation after being combined with plastic molecules.

Optionally, the anti-ultraviolet agent comprises nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 1 (0.5-1.5).

By adopting the technical scheme, the nano zinc oxide can generate a size effect, so that the nano zinc oxide has stronger light absorption capacity and better ultraviolet shielding and scattering effects; the nano titanium dioxide is an excellent ultraviolet opacifier, and the titanium dioxide and the nano zinc oxide are combined, so that the effect of further improving the overall ultraviolet resistance of the ABS material is achieved.

In summary, the present application includes at least one of the following beneficial technical effects:

1. the adsorbent is added in the coating formula, so that volatile organic compounds in a plastic system can be effectively adsorbed and removed through the adsorbent, and the release of volatile substances of the plastic in an automobile is remarkably reduced; by adding the antioxidant, the antioxidant plays a role in delaying the oxidation process of plastic molecules by decomposing peroxide generated in the oxidation process of the plastic and converting the peroxide into a stable inactive product; by adding the anti-ultraviolet agent, the anti-ultraviolet agent can absorb or shield light radiation, so that the possibility of photochemical reaction of the light to ABS plastic molecules is reduced, and the effect of delaying the aging process of the plastic molecules is achieved.

2. The mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder, the talcum powder has excellent physical and chemical properties such as good lubricity, viscosity resistance, flow aiding property, high melting point and good chemical stability, the dispersion uniformity of the mixed material can be improved, and the mesoporous silica has high activity and specific surface area and can firmly adsorb and fix the talcum powder in a porous structure, so that the toughness and heat-resistant stability of an ABS plastic mixed system can be improved.

Detailed Description

The starting materials in the examples of the present application are all commercially available. Wherein the dispersant is a dispersant 5040 purchased from Nantong Runfeng petrochemical company, the matte auxiliary agent is ED80 matting powder purchased from Shanghai Kaiyn chemical company, and the antistatic agent is a Lansheng antistatic agent Mersolat H95 purchased from Shanghai Kaiyn chemical company.

The present application will be described in further detail with reference to examples.

Examples

Example 1

An anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of ABS, 20 parts of mixed filler, 5 parts of adsorbent, 1 part of dispersant, 0.8 part of matte auxiliary agent, 6 parts of antioxidant, 6 parts of ultraviolet resistant agent, 20 parts of ASA and 1 part of antistatic agent; the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1: 0.1; the particle size of the mesoporous silicon dioxide is 30-60 nm; the adsorbent comprises silicate minerals and active carbon in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3; the particle size of the active carbon is 20-50 nm; the anti-ultraviolet agent comprises nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5; the silicate mineral is superfine mica powder; the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetra [ methyl- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ];

the preparation method comprises the following steps:

s1, weighing the raw materials of the components in corresponding parts by weight according to the formula, wherein the weighing unit is kg;

s2, putting the weighed raw materials into a high-speed mixer, mixing and dispersing until the mixture is uniform, putting the uniformly mixed materials into a double-screw extruder, and melting, extruding, cooling and dicing the materials by the double-screw extruder to form matte ABS plastic master batches for the automotive interior trim parts;

and S3, processing the ABS plastic master batch prepared in the S2 step through an injection mold to prepare the automotive interior trim part.

Example 2

An anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automobile interiors is different from that in example 1 in that the ABS plastic is prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of ABS, 20 parts of mixed filler, 5 parts of adsorbent, 1 part of dispersant, 0.8 part of matte auxiliary agent, 6 parts of antioxidant, 6 parts of ultraviolet resistant agent, 20 parts of ASA and 1 part of antistatic agent; the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1: 0.2; the particle size of the mesoporous silicon dioxide is 30-60 nm; the adsorbent comprises silicate minerals and active carbon in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3; the particle size of the active carbon is 20-50 nm; the anti-ultraviolet agent comprises nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 1: 0.5; the silicate mineral is superfine mica powder; the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetra [ methyl- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ];

example 3

The matte ABS plastic for the anti-aging and low-volatility automotive interior is different from the ABS plastic in example 1 in that the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1: 0.3.

Example 4

The matte ABS plastic for the anti-aging and low-volatility automotive interior is different from the ABS plastic in example 1 in that the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1: 0.4.

Examples 5 to 9

Examples 5-9 are based on example 3 and differ from example 3 only in the mass ratio of silicate mineral to activated carbon in the adsorbent, as specified in table 1.

TABLE 1 adsorbent component ratios for examples 5-9

Examples 10 to 14

Examples 10-14 are based on example 7 and differ from example 7 only in the mass ratio of nano zinc oxide to nano titanium dioxide in the anti-uv agent, as shown in table 2.

TABLE 2 formulation ratios of the components of the UV resistant agent of examples 10-14

Examples 15 to 18

Examples 15 to 18 are based on example 12 and differ from example 12 only in the proportions of the filler mixture, as shown in Table 3.

TABLE 3 formulation of the mixed fillers of examples 15-18

Examples	Example 15	Example 16	Example 17	Example 18
					Mixed filling material/kg	30	40	50	60

Examples 19 to 22

Examples 19-22 are based on example 17 and differ from example 17 only in the proportion of the adsorbent, as shown in Table 4.

TABLE 4 formulation of adsorbents for examples 19-22

Examples	Example 19	Example 20	Example 21	Example 22
					Adsorbent/kg	6	7	9	10

Examples 23 to 26

Examples 23 to 26 are based on example 21 and differ from example 21 only in the composition of the UV-protection agent, as shown in Table 5.

TABLE 5 formulation of the UV inhibitors of examples 23-26

Examples	Example 23	Example 24	Example 25	Example 26
					UV-resistant agent/kg	6	8	10	12

Example 27

Example 27 is based on example 1 and differs from example 1 in 150 parts of ABS, 1.5 parts of dispersant, 1.5 parts of matte assistant, 30 parts of ASA, 3 parts of antistatic agent.

Example 28

Example 28 is based on example 1 and differs from example 1 in that 200 parts of ABS, 2 parts of dispersant, 2.5 parts of matte auxiliary agent, 40 parts of ASA and 4 parts of antistatic agent are added.

Example 29

Example 29 is based on example 1 and differs from example 1 in 250 parts of ABS, 3 parts of dispersant, 3.5 parts of matte auxiliary agent, 50 parts of ASA and 4 parts of antistatic agent.

Comparative example

Comparative example 1

Based on example 3, the difference from example 3 is that all components in the mixed filler are mesoporous silica.

Comparative example 2

Based on example 3, the difference from example 3 is that all the components in the mixed filler are talc.

Comparative example 3

Based on example 3, the difference from example 3 is that no ASA was added to the raw material formulation.

Comparative example 4

Based on example 3, the difference from example 3 is that the entire component in the adsorbent is ultrafine mica.

Comparative example 5

Based on example 3, the difference from example 3 is that all components in the adsorbent are activated carbon.

Performance test

According to the formula and the preparation method in the examples 1-29 and the comparative examples 1-3, ABS plastic samples are prepared, and the sample specification is as follows: the cylindrical sample with the diameter of 1cm and the length of 10cm is tested for various properties according to the following method, and the test results are shown in Table 6:

1. tensile strength, elongation at break: measuring according to GB/T1040.2-2006 standard;

2. xenon lamp aging test: according to the GB/T16422.2 standard, determining the elongation at break retention rate of the material after the aging test;

3. and (3) odor test: tests were performed using the popular automotive interior odor PV3900 standard.

TABLE 6 results of property test of ABS plastic samples obtained in each of examples and comparative examples

As can be seen from table 6, the tensile strength, elongation at break, and elongation at break after aging of example 3 of the present application are better than those of examples 1 and 2, which shows that the mixed filler of example 3 has better mesoporous silica and talc powder quality. The tensile strength, elongation at break and elongation at break after aging of example 4 are equivalent to those of example 3, which shows that the improvement of the mechanical properties of the material is not obvious by further increasing the proportion of the talcum powder in the mixed filler.

As can be seen from Table 6, the tensile strength, elongation at break and elongation at break after aging of examples 5-9 are equivalent to those of example 3, and are not significantly changed, which shows that when the proportions of other components are consistent, the ratio of silicate mineral and activated carbon in the adsorbent is changed, and the mechanical properties of the material are not significantly affected. The odor test ratings of examples 6-9 were improved, indicating that the sorbent component ratios of examples 6-9 were superior, helping to reduce the odor volatility of the materials.

As is clear from Table 6, the tensile strength and elongation at break of examples 10 to 14 were comparable to those of example 3, but the elongation at break after aging was significantly improved, indicating that the ratios of the components of the ultraviolet-resistant agents of examples 10 to 14 were superior.

As can be seen from Table 6, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the mixed filler in comparative example 1 are significantly increased compared to those of example 3, which shows that increasing the proportion of the mesoporous silica in the mixed filler is helpful to improve the mechanical properties of the material, while increasing the proportion of the talc in the mixed filler is known to lower the mechanical properties of the material in comparative example 2.

As can be seen from comparative example 3, the tensile strength and elongation at break of the material are reduced without adding ASA component in the formulation, which shows that the ASA component promotes the improvement of the overall mechanical properties of the material.

As can be seen from comparative examples 4 and 5, simply increasing the proportion of the ultrafine mica or the activated carbon in the adsorbent does not promote the reduction of the gas volatility of the material, which indicates that the adsorption effect of the compound of the ultrafine mica and the activated carbon is better in the technical scheme of the present application, and also indicates that the technical scheme of the present application is more innovative.

The above embodiments are preferred embodiments of the present application, and the protection scope of the present application is not limited by the above embodiments, so: all equivalent changes made according to the structure, shape and principle of the present application shall be covered by the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. The anti-aging low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automobile interiors is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 portions of ABS-containing material 250 portions, 20 portions to 50 portions of mixed filling material, 5 portions to 10 portions of adsorbent, 1 portion to 3 portions of dispersant, 0.8 portion to 3.5 portions of matte auxiliary agent, 6 portions to 12 portions of antioxidant and 6 portions to 12 portions of ultraviolet resistant agent.

2. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 1, wherein: the raw material also comprises 20-50 parts of ASA by weight.

3. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 1, wherein: the raw materials also comprise 1-4 parts of antistatic agent by weight.

4. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 1, wherein: the mixed filler comprises mesoporous silica and talcum powder in a mass ratio of 1 (0.1-0.3).

5. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 4, wherein: the particle size of the mesoporous silica is 30-60 nm.

6. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 1, wherein: the adsorbent comprises silicate minerals and active carbon in a mass ratio of 1 (0.3-0.8).

7. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 6, wherein: the silicate mineral is superfine mica powder.

8. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 6, wherein: the particle size of the active carbon is 20-50 nm.

9. The aging-resistant, low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors of claim 1: the antioxidant is pentaerythritol tetra [ methyl- (3, 5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate ].

10. The aging-resistant low-volatility matte ABS plastic for automotive interiors according to claim 1, wherein: the anti-ultraviolet agent comprises nano zinc oxide and nano titanium dioxide in a mass ratio of 1 (0.5-1.5).